July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`- RE. GOTTFRIED ET AL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 1
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 1
`
`

`

`July 15, 1958 |
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets-Sheet 2
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 2
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 2
`
`
`

`

`July 15,1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R &GOTTFRIED ETAL
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`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
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`PMC. Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 3
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 3
`
`

`

`July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ET AL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WIT
`H -SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets-Sheet 4
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 4
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 4
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`- RE, GOTTFRIED ETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets-Sheet 5
`
`2,843,655
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 5
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 5
`
`

`

`July 15, 1958
`4
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND EARKER
`12 Sheets-Sheet 6
`
`2,843,655
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 6
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 6
`
`

`

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`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 7
`
`July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`i2 Sheets-Sheet 7
`
`2,843,655
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 7
`
`

`

`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets-Sheet 8
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 8
`
`July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`2,843,655
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 8
`
`

`

`July 15,1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R& GOTTFRIED ETAL
`|
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`.
`12 Sheets—Sheet 9
`
`2,843,655
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 9
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 9
`
`

`

`July 15,1958 - RE. GOTTFRIEDETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets-Sheet 10
`
`2,843,655
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 10
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 10
`
`

`

`July 15, 1958
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`2,843,655
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND PARKER
`.
`12 Sheets-Sheet 12
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 11
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 11
`
`

`

`July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E., GOTTFRIED ETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED —
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets-Sheet 12
`
`2,843,655
`
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`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 12
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 12
`
`

`

`2,843,655
`United States Patent Office
`Patented July 15, 1958
`
`1-
`
`2,843,655
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND.MARQUEE AND BARKER
`Robert E. Gottfried, West ‘Los Angeles, Allen D. Hoff-
`’ mann, Los Angeles, and Louis N. Ridenour, Laguna
`Beach, ‘Calif., assignors to International Télemeter
`eo Los “Angeles, °Calif., a corporation of
`elaware
`ApplicationDecember 3, i951, Serial No. 259,636.
`41 Claims. -(Cl. 178—$.1)
`
`10
`
`16
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35°
`
`40
`
`indicated at 10—10 in Figure 9.
`Figure 11 is a fragmentary rear elevational view ofthe
`‘apparatus shown in Figure 7, Figure 11 beingtaken. in
`the direction indicated by the line 11—11 in-Figure 9.
`Figures 12-16, both inclusive, serveto illustrate cer-
`tain amplitude changes which the detected sound ‘signals
`undergo in relationship to their frequenciesat the points
`A, B, C, D and E, respectively, in Figure: 2.
`Figure 17 shows in more simplified form: the.relay
`switching arrangement shown in Figure 2.
`Figures 18 and 19, respectively, show in enlarged form
`the manner in which the coin demand arm and the coin
`actuated arm shown in Figures 2 and 17 coact with
`common stationary contacts for achieving a coincident
`condition.
`;
`Figure 20 is a sidé view of a coin collecting, sorting
`and counting mechanism for operating the coin pay
`switches in Figures 2 and 17.
`Figure 21 is a rear elevational view of the coin ’sort-
`ing mechanism taken. as indicated by the:line 21—21 in
`Figure 20.
`Figure 22 is a fragmentary sectional ‘view taken sub-
`. stantially along the line 22—22 of Figure‘ 21.
`80-
`Figure 23 is a fragmentary sectional view‘taken sub-
`stantially along the line 23—23 of Figure 21.
`Figure 24 is a cross sectional view taken substantially :
`
`organization and manner ‘of operation, together with ‘fur-
`“ther objects and advantages thereof, may be best under-
`stood by reference to the following description taken: in
`connection with the accompanying drawings “in Which:
`Figure 1 is a schematic diagram ‘of ‘apparatiis:at One
`of ‘the plurality of transmitting Stations and embodies
`“features of the present invention, the apparatus: being ‘a
`part of the frequency modulation: system for modulating
`the sound carrier both with the program audio-and three
`tone signals.
`:
`Figure 2 is a schematic representation of some of the
`apparatusat the receiving station whichis’sensitive to the
`frequency modulation components on the sound carrier
`transmitted by the apparatus shown in Figure 1.
`Figure 3 is a view in side elevation of a portion of
`the photoelectrically operated apparatus shown schemati-
`cally in Figure 1, used for purposes of effecting tone mod-
`ulation in accordance with perforationsiin an endlesstape.
`Figure 4 is a sectional view taken generally.on the:line
`4—4 of Figure 3.
`Figure 5 is a view taken as indicated by the line 55
`in Figure 3 and serves to show three perforated: aper-
`tures used in developing three corresponding tone sig-
`nals.
`Figure.-6 is-a plan view of a portion of the endless tape
`shown in Figure 3, and the section of the tape ‘illustrated
`includes allperforations for ‘producing one cycle of Op-
`eration,
`Figure 7 is a front elevational view of a coin integrator
`and comparator used at the receiving station in ¢oopera-
`tion with the coin sorter and coin counter.
`Figure 8 ‘is a sectional view taken substantially along
`the line 8—8 of Figure 7.
`—
`Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially
`Figure 10 is a fragmentary elevational view‘taken as
`
`along the line 9—9 of Figure 7.
`
`along the line 24—24 of Figure.21.
`Figure 25 is.a schematic representation of other-pulse
`distribution apparatus in a modified system wherein the
`operator is not provided with a visual indication of the
`coinage demanded, but yet may catse unscrambling | of
`the picture by operating a normally pen switch 506
`shown therein.
`Figure 26 is a schematic representation of a second
`modification of the pulse distributing apparatus, and ‘al-
`though ve apparatus incorporates the structure ‘shown in.
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 13
`
`The present invetition relates to improvements in sub-
`“scription ‘transmissions andin particular to subscription
`television such as for example’tosystems of this character
`usingscrambled televisionsignals,such systems beingren-
`‘déred operative, upon the ‘user or subscriber “at the ‘re-
`‘ceiving station acknowledging a.coin demand which is
`also conveyed to the: receiving ‘station from ‘the transmit-
`ting station..
`In general, the system described herein constitutes an —
`improvement in the system ‘described and claimed in co-
`pending application of Robert E. Gottfried et al.; Serial
`No. 225,651, filed May 10, 1951, -now . Patent No,
`2;769,026, “issued ‘Octéber 30, 1956, and- assigned to the
`present assignée, in that- the present system ‘incorporates
`means for apprising the user or subscriber, prior to coin
`acknowledgment, as to the’program which is availableto
`him, ‘upon ‘acknowledging the coin demand, such infor-
`mation being conveyed to him both visually andorally,
`i. é.,in the formof a “marquee” and “barker.”
`The ‘term “marquee”asused herein is intendedto- con-
`note information‘present in visual form for apprising the
`user ‘or. subscriber as to the program which he may. see
`upon acknowledging”‘a coin demand. By thus provid-
`ing a “marquee,” conditions akin to “going” to a‘motion
`picture theatre are established,
`in that a theatre goer,
`before paying his money at the ticket counter is sub-
`jected to the information appearing on the theatre mar-
`quee.”
`The ‘term “barker” as ‘used herein- has reference to
`audible signals available to the user or subscriber for
`-apprising such user as to the program ‘beingtransmitted.
`The “barker” and “marquee” are thus intended to
`‘convey generally the same ‘information, but one is accom-
`plished orally and theother visually respectively.
`It is therefore an object of ‘the present invention to
`provide an improved ‘system of this character in which
`a “marquee” and/or “barker” is provided.
`__
`Another object of the present invention is to provide
`‘an improved system of this character for accomplishing
`the results indicated above in an arrangementwhich is
`compatible, with present Federal Communications Com-
`mission standards.
`Anéther object of the present invention isto provide
`‘an improved system of this character which, prior to
`coin acknowledgment bythe user or ‘subscriber, apprises
`‘such ‘user or subscriber’ both visually and orally as to the
`‘program beingtransmitted, i. e., fhe user is provided with
`and is Subjected to a “barker.”
`a so-called - “marqueé”
`While ‘the‘present arrangement shows the use of both
`a “marquee” and a “barker,” it is noted that both néed
`- not be present for accomplishing the general ‘pirpose,
`but it is desired to have ‘both present.
`In otherwords,
`the systeny may be operated with the“barker”alone, with
`‘the “marquee” alone; or, as is preférréd herein, with’ both
`the “barker” -and the “marquee.ml
`The features of the present
`invention which ‘are be-
`lieved to be novel are set forth with particularity in the
`appended claims. This invention itself,oe asty its
`
`45
`
`60
`
`55
`
`85
`
`70
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 13
`
`

`

`16
`
`20
`
`Figures 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 as modified in subsequent
`figures for producing a visual indication of the coin de-
`mand, such coin demand may-be acknowledged to pro-
`duce an unscrambled picture by the user operating a
`switch.
`Figures 27 and 28 show a modified stepping mecha-
`nism embodying generally the functional features of the
`prototype apparatus shown in Figures 7-1 1, inclusive, but
`includes means whereby the user may obtain a visual in-
`dication of the coinage demanded.
`Figure 29 shows a recording tape with certain informa-
`tion recorded thereon in accordance with f, pulses caused
`by the so-called f, apertures in Figure 6,
`Figure 30 is a schematic representation of the record-
`ing mechanism including the recording tape, recording
`head and tape driving motor, all of which are controlled
`by the arrangements shownin the previousfigures.
`Figure 31 is a view in elevation of the coin demand
`stepping mechanism as viewed generally in the direction
`indicated by the lines 31—31 in Figure 27.
`Figure 32 represents in graphical form operating char-
`acteristics of the video transmitting means shown in Fig-
`ure 1.
`Figure 33 shows in more detailed form,circuitry in the
`marquee illustrated in Figure 2.
`Figures 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39illustrate wave shapes
`present in the system illustrated in Figure 2 in relation-
`ship to the marqueeillustrated in Figure 33.
`Figure 40 illustrates a modified arrangement wherein
`a “coin acknowledgment” may be made without the sub-
`scriber or user performing any positive act,
`i. e., by
`merely allowing time to elapse.
`Figure 41 illustrates a modified arrangement.
`With reference to Figure 1, the frequency modulated
`transmitter 10 serves to radiate into space, by means of
`antenna 11, frequency modulated signals, the components
`of which comprise first the “barker” audio signals de-
`veloped, for example, in microphone, or, for example,
`phonograph pickup 12, and second theseries of tone fre-
`quencies f;, f, and f; developed respectively by the tone
`modulators 13, 14 and 15, and, third, the program audio
`or sound signals developed in microphone 12A and ap-
`plied to the amplitude modulator stage 12B wherein a
`carrier of 45 kilocycles generated in stage 12E is ampli-
`tude modulated by the audio signals. The modulated
`waves are applied to the control grid of tube 29. The
`frequency of the tones f;, f2 and f, are shown herein
`respectively as being 17.9 kilocycles, 20 kilocycles and
`22, kilocycles, which are frequencies well above the fre-
`quencies in the audible range developed in the sound *
`modulator stage 16, which includes the microphone or
`pickup 12. Although we prefer that these three tone
`frequencies lie above the audible band for practical
`reasons, concepts of the present invention may be prac-
`ticed when such frequencies f;, fs, fz, or any one of them
`is a sub-audible frequency.
`The modulator stages 13, 14 and 15 each includes con-
`tinuously oscillating networks which include respectively
`pairs of tubes i3A, 13B, 14A, 14B, 15A, 15B,
`the fre-
`quency of oscillation in each of such networks 43, 14, 15
`being determined by the frequency of the associated
`crystal 13C, 14C, 15C. While one specific type of super-
`sonic oscillation network is shown in Figure 1, the present
`invention is not critical
`in that regard, for it
`is well
`understood that other types than the one shown may be
`used for these purposes. Oscillations developed in net-
`works13, 14 and 15 are transferred respectively through
`condensers 13D, 14D and 15D to the control grids of
`tubes 13E, 14E and i5E, respectively. The cathodes of
`these tubes 13H, 14E, 15E are returned to ground through
`parallel connected resistances 18 and 19 as well as by
`series circuit which includes the serially connected re-
`sistances 20 and 21.
`:
`While the oscillation networks 13, 14 and 15 continu-
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`70
`
`7a
`
`2,843,655
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`ously oscillate, their voltage output is not normally trans-
`ferred to the cathode load resistances 18, 19, since in such
`normal condition the control grids of tubes 13E, 14E and
`15E are biased by means described presently to cut off
`the flow of space current through such tubes. Such bias-
`ing means includes corresponding normally heavy con-
`ducting tubes 13T, 14T and 15T which have their anodes,
`normally at a relatively low potential, connected to the
`control grid of tubes 13E, 14E, and 15E,
`respectively,
`throughseries circuits comprising, respectively: resistances
`13S and 13G;resistances 14S and 14G; and resistances
`15S and 15G. The anodes of tubes 13T, 14T and 15T
`are connected to a positive terminal of corresponding
`anode voltage sources 13M, 14M and 15M through corre-
`sponding voltage dropping resistances 13R, 14R and 15R.
`The cathodes of tubes 13T, 14T and 15T are connected
`to the ungrounded negative terminal of voltage sources
`13N, 14N and 15N,respectively. The control grids of
`tubes 13E, 14E and 15E are returned to ground, respec-
`tively, through the following series circuits:
`resistances
`13G, 13Q and source 13F; resistances 14G, 14Q and
`source 14F; and resistances 15G, 15Q and source 15F.
`It is observed that the tubes 13E, 14E and 15Eare con-
`nected essentially as gated cathode followers and have
`their anodes connected directly to the positive terminal
`of voltage sources 13L, 14L, and 15L, respectively.
`The tubes 13T, 14T and 15T are coupled to phototubes
`13J, 143 and 15], respectively. All these photocells are
`connected in identical manner, and a detailed description
`of the connection of phototube 13J suffices to describe
`the other connections. The phototube 13] is connected in
`a series circuit with resistance 13X and voltage sources
`13Y and 13Z. The anode of the phototube 13J is con-
`nected to the control grid of tube 13T, and the junction
`point of sources 13Y and 13Z is connected to the cathode
`of tube 13T,so that upon illumination of the tube 13] the
`control grid of tube 13T is driven negatively with respect
`to its cathode, to thereby cut off or appreciably reduce
`the flow of current through tube 13T, with the result
`that the potential at the anode of tube 13T increases to
`such an extent that the connected control grid of tube 13E
`rises sufficiently to become conductive and to thereby
`allow oscillations developed at
`the oscillator stage 13
`to appear across the cathode output resistance 18.
`These tubes 13E, 14H, 15E are rendered conducting
`either when the associated phototubes 13], 143, 15J are
`energized by the corresponding light sources 13K, 14K
`and 15K,or, in the alternative, when either one of the
`corresponding normally open test switches 13H, 14H
`or 15H is closed. Normally these phototubes 13J, 14],
`15] are not illuminated because of the opaque endless tape
`23 which, however, is suitably apertured as indicated in
`Figure 3 to allow alternate illumination of such photo-
`tubes.
`It is noted that only one of the phototubes 13J,
`14J, 153 is thus illuminated at any one particular time.
`Effectively, the normally nonconducting tubes 13E, 146,
`15E are gated on in timed sequence with movement of
`the tape 23, to thereby allow super-audible signals of fre-
`quencies f,, fo and f, to alternately appear on the output
`lead 24.
`It is observed that the adjustable resistances 13P, 14P
`and 15P in corresponding modulator stages 13, 14 and
`15 are used to adjust
`the level of the corresponding
`signals f,, f, and fs appearing on the lead 24. These
`signals appearing’on lead 24 are transferred through the
`transient suppressing network 25 which includes theseries
`condenser 26 and shunt connected resistance 27. The
`lead 24 is
`thus connected through serially connected
`resistance 20 and condenser 26, and through the adjusi-
`able tap on the potentiometer resistance 28 to the control
`erid of the cathode follower tube 29, on the grid of which
`is also applied the audio signals developed by the micro-
`phone or pickup 12. The current or voltage variations
`developed by such transducer 12 are applied to the con-
`trol grid of the amplifying stage 30, The amplified out-
`PMC Exhibit 2104
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`IPR2016-00753
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`2,843,655
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`5
`transferred
`‘put appearing on the anode of tube 30 is
`throligh a conveitioal 75-microsécdnd emphasis circuit
`31for purposes of émphasizing the high frequencies in
`‘accordancé with well established frequency modulating
`transinission techniques. The output of this network 31
`i§ transférred to the control grid of the cathode follower
`‘tube 33, the cathode load resistance 34 of which is in
`‘shuntwith the primary winding 35 of the transformer
`36. The secondary winding of transfoimer 36 is con-
`mectéd to opposite outside terminals of potentiometer
`resistance 28, so that the movable tap on the resistance
`28 may be adjusted to correspondingly adjust the output
`level of audio’signal applied to the control grid of tube
`29. The resulting mixed audio and tone signals appear-
`ing on the cathode of tube29 are appliéd to the frequency
`modulationtransmitter 10 and appear as frequency modu-
`latéd components on the wave transmitted from antenna
`11.
`The particular mechanical tape driving means and asso-
`ciated lamp housing useful in generating the aforemen-
`tioned tonesignals f,, f, and f, are now described in re-
`lationship to Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 although it will be
`appreciated that the preSent invention is not critical as
`to théspecific type of apparatus shown in such figures
`for accomplishing the aforementioned purposes, although
`the particular means described in these figures is the one
`préferred,
`The endless perforated tape 23 in Figure 3 passes over
`idler wheels 38, 39, 40 and 41 and over the driving
`sprocket 42, so that thetape travels in the direction indi-
`cated by the arrow 44 in the spacé adjacent lamp hous-
`ings 45, 46 and 47, which contain respectively the lamps
`13K, 14K and 15K (Figure 1). Corresponding photo-
`tubés 13J, 14] and 153 are disposed below the endless
`tape. in alignnient with apertures 13W, 14W and 15W
`in the stationary plate 48. Thus the aperture 13W is
`used in producing frequency fs, the aperture 14W is used
`in producing the frequency f;, and thé aperture 15W is
`used in producing the frequency fs, such frequencies be-
`ing obtained when a corresponding perforation 13V, 14V
`or 1SV, respectively, is in alignment withsuch apertures.
`Mechanically, the tapé 23 and apertured plate 48 are so
`fabricated that only oneof the apertures 13W, 14W, 15W
`may be uncovered at any one particular time, andwhile
`such apertures are shown in staggered relationship in
`Figure 5, such staggered relationship is not necessary
`and they may actually be placed in line so long as the
`apertures in the tape 23 are aligned so that only one of
`the apertured portions is uncoveredat any one particular
`time.
`Thus it is evident from the above description that the
`‘transniittér‘shownin ‘Figuiré 1 serves to radiate into
`space a frequency modulated wave, the modulation com-
`ponents df which include a barker sound developed by
`transducér 12 program sound developed in microphone
`412A and the tone signals of frequencies fi, fy and fg,
`which tone frequencies alternately appear as components
`in the radiated wave. The receiver shown in Figure 2
`serves to demodulate the modulation components of the
`aforementioned frequency modulated wave to reproduce
`the sound components as well as to performcertain
`control Operations in accordance with the signals of fre-
`quencies fj, fy and fy.
`Besides
`transmitting the aforementioned frequéncy
`modulated wave, the station also sends out a scrambled
`video signal which includes “marquee” information by
`means of the video antenna 59. Thus the transmission
`from antennas 11 and 50 contain all of the information
`required: for recreation ofthe program. televised, :Pro-
`vided. of course that.means are presentat the receiving
`_station indicated: in, Figure 2 for unscrambling the. re-
`- ceived video ‘signals.
`So far as certain aspects of the present invention are
`concerned, the scrambling. means at the transmitter and
`the unscrambling1meansat the receiver. may take.differ-
`
`6
`ent forms, different systems of which are shown in the
`prior art, but the one preferred is the oné shown and
`‘claimed in the copendingap5lication of Allen D- Hoff-
`mannet al., for Prepaid Enttrtainment Distribution Sys-
`tem, Serial ‘No. 224,622; fildd May 4, 1951, now Patent
`No, 2,764,025 issued October 30, 1956, and assignéd ‘to
`the same assignee as the present invention.
`Provisions are present at the transmitting station for
`sending.marquee information and this in general includes
`means whereby thefirst fivé or tenlines of every. field or
`first ten or twenty lines of every frame is devoted to
`marquee information. For this purpose there are pro-
`vided two iconoscopes; namely¢a program iconoscopé 12G
`for purposes ofdeveloping program video and a marquee
`iconoscope 12H for developing marquee Video: Both
`iconoscdpes 12G and 12H are fed with- vertical synch
`pulses developed. in the Vertical synch generator <a and
`appearing as 12K (Figure 32).
`This synch pulsé 12K is a master pulsé and récurs at
`the repetition rate of 60 per second. Such pulsé 12K
`precedesof course the video information which is trans-
`mitted in 262% lines but,-in accordance withthe pres-
`ent invention, the first ten linés of such 26244lines are
`devoted to marquee information. For this purpose the
`vertical synch pulse 12K developed in the generator 12]
`is applied, after considerable delay,
`to appropriately
`timed electronic switches 12M and 12N, through which
`the video developed respectively by the iconoscopes 12H
`and 12G are required to pass before being applied to the
`mixer stage 12P.
`More specifically, synch pulses developed in generator
`42] are applied to a so-called “A” phantastron 12R and
`a socalled “B” phantastron 12S which impose a desired
`amount of relay and when the delayed triggers from
`stages 12S and 12R are applied to a flipflop multivibrator
`12T, the output of such multivibrator 12T is applied on
`the one hand to the electronic switch 12M and on the
`other hand to the electronic switch 12N, so as to pro-
`duce the result indicated in Figure 32,
`In general, the time interval “IT” in Figure 32 is. de-
`termined by the delay imposed by phantastron A, and
`the delayed pulse from phantastron A “fires” the multi-
`vibrator stage 12T. The “B” phantastron 12S imposes
`a much larger delay to the trigger’ and the output of
`such “B” phantastron 12S cuts off current conduction in
`the multivibrator stage to thereby define the trailing edge
`of the multivibrator pulse.
`‘Thus, in scanning, the output of the marquee icono-
`scope 12H is applied exclusively to the mixer stage 12P
`for the first ten lines and the video output of the icono-
`scope 12G is applied exclusively for the remaining 25244
`lines to the mixer 12P, The marquee video and pro-
`gram video thus applied to the video transmitter 12Q
`is scrambled by the video scrambling means 12X upon
`closure of switch 12Y.
`Briefly, as explained in detail elsewhere, this marquee
`video information appearing in the first ten lines is re-
`produced at the receiver by first shifting or delaying the
`comparable ten lines at the receiver so that they appear
`at the center of the cathode ray tube and by blanking
`the remaining lines.
`The receiver shown in Figure 2 includes the conven-
`tional antenna 51 coupledto the conventional channel
`tuner 52. The receiver shown is of the so-called dual-I. F.
`type using the superheterodyne principle, and the sound
`frequencies of intermediate frequencies are impressed on
`the “Sound I. F. and Discriminator” stage 53, while the
`signals of video appearing at a different intermediate fre-
`quency are applied to the “Video I. F. Amplifier” 54,
`The output of the I. F. amplifier 54 and second: detector
`56 is applied: both to a stationary contact of the single
`pole double throw relay switch M3 and. to the self-keyed
`unscrambler 57. The output of the unscrambling means
`57 is applied to a stationary contact of switch 55 which
`has its movable contact connected to a stationary con-
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`15
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`20
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`25
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`35
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`40
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`45
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`60
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`70
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`75
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`tact of switch M3. Normally, the relay switch 55 is in
`the position shown in Figure 2, and in such case a mar-
`quee picture appears on the viewing surface of the cath-
`ode ray picture tube 60, since the output of
`the un-
`scrambling means is applied to the input of the marquee
`stage 12Z and the output of the marquee stage is applied,
`in such case, through switch 55 and switch M3 (when
`a monitor tone provided by the f,, fg and fs tone signals
`are present indicating a “paid” program) to the video
`amplifier 59.
`‘The video amplifier 59 thus supplies mar-
`quee video to the CRT60.
`It is clear that a “free” un-
`scrambled picture may be reproduced since in such case
`the output of stage 56 is applied through switch M3 to
`the video amplifier 59 and CRT60. The video relay
`winding 58 is energized only when certain conditions
`are realized, i. e., upon a coin acknowledgment, such con-
`ditions being described in detail hereinafter, but when
`such conditions occurs,
`the unscrambling means 57 is
`connected directly to the video amplifier and the marquee
`stage 12Z is disconnected to cause a clear picture of
`the program to appear on the viewing surface of the tube
`60. The means whereby the winding 58 may be ener-
`gized is now described in detail.
`The aforementioned frequency modulated wave, after
`being detected in the stage 53, is applied to the control
`grid of tube 61 through the isolating resistance 62 and
`bandpassfilter 63 and resistance 64, for purposes of sep-
`arating the tone signals of frequencies f;, fg and fz. Also,
`for purposes of reproducing the barker sound components
`developed by the transducer 12 (Figure 1), the output of
`the stage 53 is applied to the speaker 66 after passing
`through the switch 58A and low pass filter and audio am-
`plifier stage 67.
`It is noted that the relay switch 58A is normally in its
`position shown in Figure 2 wherein the barker soundis
`available. However, upon energization of the coin ac-
`knowledgmentor video solenoid 58A, a bandpass amplifier
`12K and AM detector 12L are serially connected between
`the discriminator 53 and the audio amplifier 67, so as to
`provide program sound on the speaker 66. The amplifier
`12K passes signals having a mean frequency of 45 kilo-
`cycles whereby the said carrier of 45 kilocycles is applied
`to the detector stage L2ZL. The program sound on such
`said carrier is thus obtained after demodulation of stage
`12L and applied to the audio amplifier 67 and audio
`speaker 66.
`It is noted that the three tone signals have frequencies
`which lie relatively close to each other, namely, 17.9, 20
`and 22 kilocycles respectively. The means described
`presently for separating these tone signals at the receiver
`from each other, and from the sound, incorporates im-
`portant features of the present invention, and briefly com-
`prises the high bandpass filter 63, a so-called jaguar-
`toothed amplifier,
`including tube 6i and serially con-
`nected high Q (quality factor) tuned circuits 68, 69 and
`70, as well as the pickoff stage 71 and the tuned circuits
`72,73.
`The bandpass filter 63 includes the series condenser
`63A and shunt connected co