The
`Teleconnect
`Dictionary
`A Glossaryof
`Telecom Acronyms,
`Terms and Jargon
`
`edited by Harry Newton
`
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`The TELECONNECT Dictionary
`An Explanation of Telecommunications
`Terms, Acronyms and Jargon
`
`The TELECONNECT Guide To Series includes:
`The TELECONNECT Guide to:
`Automatic Call Distributors
`Business of Interconnect
`Howto sell Call Accounting
`101 Money-Saving Secrets Your Phone Company Won't Tell You
`Professional Selling
`Profit and Control Through Call Accounting
`Telecommunications Management For Business and Government
`T-1 Networking
`Which Phone System Should | Buy?
`
`TELECONNECT Magazine
`A monthly telecommunications magazine. You may subscribe for $15 a
`year. Call in your subscription and book orders (with your credit card number)
`to 1-800-LIBRARY.
`
`FREE Catalogs of Telecom, LAN and PC Books
`Telecom Library, our parent company, distributes The TELECONNECT
`Guide To series and 106 other books in the telecommunications and data
`communications industry. The Telecom Library is the industry's central source
`of books and publications. You may receive a FREE copyof ourlatest
`catalogs by calling 212-691-8215 or by dropping a line to Ralph Florido at the
`address below.
`
`Quantity Purchases
`If you wish to purchasethis, or any other books in quantity, please
`contact:
`Ralph Florido, Manager
`Telecom Library Inc.
`12 West 21 Street
`New York, NY 10010
`1-800-LIBRARY or 212-691-8215
`
`Copyright ©1987 by Harry Newton and The Telecom Library Research Group.
`All rights reserved.
`Printed in the U.S.A. by Bookcrafters, Chelsea, MI
`
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`TELECONNECT DICTIONARY
`
`RADIO PAGING ACCESS:Provides attendant and phone user
`dial access to customer-owned radio paging equipmentto selec-
`tively tone-alert, or voice-page individuals carrying pocket radio
`receivers. The paged party can answerby dialing an answering code
`from a phonewithin the PBX.
`
`RADIO PAGING ACCESS WITH ANSWER BACK:Allows
`access to customer-provided paging systems, and provides the
`capability in the PBX to connect the paged party when the former
`answers the radio page by dialing a special code from any PBX.
`
`RADIO WAVE:Electromagnetic wavesof frequencies between
`10 KHz and 3MHz, propagated without guide in free space(air).
`
`RADOME: A plastic cover for a microwave antenna.Protects the
`antenna from awful weather.
`
`RAIN ATTENUATION: Signal losses due to absorption are com-
`mon when radio signals encounter a heavily moisture laden at-
`mosphere. Generally, the higher the radio frequency, the more at-
`tenuation (i.e. the more loses). Since microwave signals(for satellite
`and for land line) are essentially line of sight, microwave radio is
`very susceptible to signal attenuation due to heavy rain. Modern
`microwave paths are engineered with weatherpatterns in mind. In
`areas where heavy rainfalls occur, microwave links may be closer
`together or more attention is paid to diverse routing.
`
`RAIN BARREL EFFECTS:Signal distortion of a voice telephone
`line caused by the under-attenuated echoes on the return path.
`
`RAMs Random Access Memory. The primary memory in a com-
`puter.It’s memory that can be overwritten with new information. The
`‘random access” part of its name comesfrom the fact that the next
`“bit” of information in RAM can be located — no matter whereit
`is — in an equal amountof time. This means that access to and
`from RAM memory is extraordinarily fast. By contrast, other storage
`media — like magnetic tape — havetheir information stored serial-
`ly, one bit after another. Therefore you have to search for them. And
`your search time will depend on how far from the bit you're sear-
`ching for, you are. Floppy disks are faster than magnetic tape,
`becausetheir information is readily at hand, though the read/write
`head will have to searchforit. Hard disks are even faster because
`there are multiple heads and because the disks spin faster and
`everything moves faster. RAM memory is the fastest of all. The
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`TELECONNECT DICTIONARY
`
`problem with RAM memory is that it’s volatile. This means when
`poweris turnedoff (or powerglitches occur) RAM memory is eras-
`ed. RAM memory can be protected with rechargeable batteries —
`just remember to charge the batteries.
`
`RANDOM ACCESS: Usually refers to computer memory or
`storage. Random Accessis the ability to reach any piece of data
`in the memory directly without having to pass by other pieces of
`data.
`In telephony,
`this means the ability to reach any other
`subscriber throughthe telco switching network. See SEQUENTIAL
`ACCESS.
`
`RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY: See RAM.
`
`RANDOM NOISE: Interference to telephone communications
`which occurs at irregular intervals.
`
`RANGE EXTENDER:A devicethat increases the length of a local
`loop by boosting battery voltage being sent out from the telephone
`company centraloffice.
`
`RASTER:A pattern of horizontal scanning lines on a TV screen.
`input data causes the beam of the TV tubetoilluminate the correct
`dots to produce the required characters.
`
`RAT: A publisher or editor exhibiting unreasonable tyrannical
`tendencies. A condition often aggravated by emigration from English-
`speaking countries south of the equator.
`
`RATEs Theprice of a particular service or piece of equipment from
`a telephone company. Telephone companies don’t use the word
`‘‘price’’ They use the word ‘‘rate.’ No one knows why, exceptthat
`if they didn’t cultivate their own jargon, there’d be nojobfor telecom-
`munications dictionary writers. God forbid!
`
`RATE ARRANGEMENTS: Telephone customerprices charg-
`ed bytariffs for specified telephone services.
`
`RATE AWERAGING: Telephone companies’ method for
`establishing uniform pricing by distance rather than ontherelative
`cost (to them)of the particular route. The theory is that some routes
`are more heavily trafficked, have huge transmission equipments and
`achieve great economiesof scale. Someroutes, on the other hand,
`havelittle traffic, have small transmission equipment, and achieve
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`TELECONNECT DICTIONARY
`
`In addition, Rolm has telephone/workstation
`ROLMphone 120.
`devices called Cypress, Cedar and Juniper andwill probably have
`more by the time you read this.
`
`ROls Return On Investment.
`
`ROMs: Read Only Memory. Computer memory which can only be
`read from. New data cannot be entered and the existing data is non-
`volatile. This means it stays there even when poweris turnedoff.
`A ROMis a memory device which is programmedat the factory and
`whose contents thereafter cannot bealtered. In contrast is the device
`called RAM, whose contents can be altered. See READ ONLY
`MEMORY.
`
`ROOM CUT-OFF: Hotel/mote! guest telephonesrestricted from
`outgoing calis when the guest room is unoccupied.
`
`ROOM STATUS AND SELECTION: Provides the capability to
`store and display the occupancyandcleaning status and the type
`numberof each guest room. This helps housekeeping management,
`maid locating and room selection. Also, communications between
`the front desk and the housekeeper are speeded upvia real-time
`maid activity and checkout audit printouts to indicate which rooms
`need cleaning next. The occupancystatus is normally changed by
`the maid or inspector dialing from the room telephone.
`
`ROSEsAs in Bodin. The very thoughtful lady who helps us, our
`friends and customers out. We couldn’t survive without Rose. Cail
`her and tell her this. 1-212-691-8215.
`
`ROSE, ANNE: A wonderful lady whowill get a real kick out of
`seeing her namein this dictionary.
`
`ROTARY DIAL: The circular telephone dial. As it returns to its
`normal position (after being turned) it opens and closes the elec-
`trical loop sent by the central office. Thus it generates pulses for
`each digit dialed. You can hearthe ’’clicks’’. The number “‘seven,”’
`for example consists of seven “‘opens and closes,’ or sevenclicks.
`You can dial on a rotary phone withoutusing therotary dial. Simply
`depress the switch hook quickly, allowing pauses in between to
`signify that you’re about to send a newdigit. it’s a good party trick.
`
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`TELECONNECT DICTIONARY
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`RBOCs Regional Bell Operating Company. There are seven RBOCs
`each of which owntwo or more BOCs(Bell Operating Companies).
`The RBOCswere carved outof the old AT&T/Bell System by Judge
`Harold Greene when hesigned off on the divestiture of the Bell
`operating companiesfrom AT&Tat the end of 1984. Thereis nothing
`magical about seven —- nor the grouping of BOCs into RBOCS —
`except the Judge wanted to keep them all roughly the samesize.
`
`RCC: Radio Common Carrier.
`RCL: ReCall.
`
`RBTs Recall Dial Tone.
`
`RDY: Ready.
`
`REAs RuralElectrification Administration. A federal agency which
`makesloansto extend telephoneservice into rural areas. The REA
`has been one of the most successful federal government programs
`ever.
`
`READs To glean information from a storage device, like a floppy
`disk. The opposite of READ is to WRITE. That’s when you putin-
`formation onto that storage device. Some storage devices can only
`be READ,but not written to. On a floppy disk that’s called being
`“WRITE PROTECTED.” See also WORM, which stands for Write
`Once, Read Many.
`
`REABER: 1. A device which converts information into a format that
`can be recognized by a machineas input. 2. A device whichinter-
`prets coded data in the processof transferring that data from one
`coded state of storage to another.
`
`READ ONLY MEMORY: ROM. A memory device whichis pro-
`grammedat the factory and whosecontents thereafter cannot be
`altered — by a power breakdown, or being written to, or anything
`else. ROM memory is also random-access, which meansaccess-
`ing its information is very fast. See also RAM.
`
`READ-WRITE CYCLE: Time of reading and writing data onto a
`memory device. See READ.
`
`REAL TIME:A voice telephone conversation is conducted in Real
`Time. Thatis, there is no perceived delayin the transmissionof the
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