July 15, 1958
`
`Fllad Dec 5. 1951
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`R. E. GOTTFRIED arm.
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 1
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 1
`
`

`
`July 15, 1958 -
`
`Filed Dec
`
`3
`
`1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`susscammn TELEVISION ma scnamsmn
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 2
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 2
`
`
`

`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 3
`
`
`
`July 15, 1958-
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951 _'
`
`2,343,555
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 3
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 4
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 4
`
`
`
`
`

`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 5
`
`
`
`Jill!’ 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3. 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`—
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`12 Sheets—Sheet 5
`
`2,843,555
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 5
`
`

`
`July 15, 1958
`'
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ET AL
`suascarmon TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 6
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 6
`
`

`
`July 15,‘ 1953
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. c.-ommen ETAL
`
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets—Shaat 7
`
`2,343,655
`
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`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 7
`
`
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 7
`
`

`
`July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3. 1951
`
`R.‘E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 8
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 8
`
`

`
`July 15, 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 3, 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ET AL
`.
`SUESCRIPTIUN TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED
`TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`.
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 9
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 9
`
`

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`PMC_Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 10
`
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 10
`
`

`
`July 1-15. 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 5. 1951
`
`R. E. GOTTFRIED ETAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLBD
`.TRANSMISSION AND MARQUEE AND BARKER
`12 Sheets_—Sheet 1':
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 11
`
`
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 11
`
`

`
`July 15. 1958
`
`Filed Dec. 5. 1951
`
`R." E. GOTTFRIED EFAL
`SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION WITH SCRAMBLED '
`mmsmrssron AND MARQUEE mo EARKER
`12 sheets-sheet 12
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`PMC Exhibit 2104
`
`Apple v. PMC
`|PR2016-00753
`
`Page 12
`
`
`
`HT'TOEN S
`
`PMC Exhibit 2104
`Apple v. PMC
`IPR2016-00753
`Page 12
`
`

`
`2,843,655
`United States Patent Ofice
`Patented July 15, 1953
`
`1‘-
`
`I
`2,‘s43,6‘ss '
`SUBSGRIETIQN 5I‘EIiEVliSI6N' WITH -SCRA=MBLED
`TRANSMISSION
`MARQUEE AND BARKER-
`
`Robert is. adorned, ‘West ‘Lbs Angelou, Allen ‘D; Half-
`‘
`rnanin, "Lon Angeies, ‘and Ennis N. Rideuour, La'g'un'a
`‘Beach, ‘Calm, sssignnrs to "International Teleineter
`e-aware
`-
`-
`-
`'go':'p.nration, Los Angeles, -'Ca]if., a corporation of
`
`'
`
`Application-"December 3, _l95I,' Serial No. 259,536 .
`‘I1 Claims. "(CL "173-—-5.1)
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`30
`
`35'
`
`The present invention relates_ toimprovements ‘insub-
`'sci'ip'tion 'tra*r;sn1is'slons'_-a'nd_'_in .particular_ to subscription
`_telev’isio'n Such as for exai-np‘Ie' to systems of this character
`using‘sc'.'rambled ‘television signals, -such systems being'ren-
`.'tie'rec_l operative, 'upoh'.'t_he ‘user or 's1rl$scriber"at the "re-
`:ceiving station acloiowledging ‘a coin demand which _is
`also conveyed to thezreceiving ‘station from the transmit-
`tii-ig s'taiion.. ‘
`'
`In general, the system descrihedherein constitutes an '
`improvement in the system ‘described and claimed in co— '
`25
`pending ‘application of Robert E. Gottfried _e_t al., Serial
`No. 22S;65'1,
`‘filed May. _'10, 1951, ‘now .Pate_nt No.
`2,769,026,'issued’0ctober_’3U, 1956, and_'assign_ed't'o the
`present assignee, in thnt"the ‘present system ‘incorporates
`means _for'a'pprisiitg the user or subscriber," prior ‘to coin
`acknowledgment, as to the‘ program which is available to
`him, ‘upon 'ac_lttIo.vrIedg_ing'thc coindemand, such infor-
`mation 'being_co‘n_vey_e‘Ei _to him both visually and orally,
`i. é.,'i.n the form‘ of 'a‘ f‘n_:iarq_uee“ and “barl<er;‘.‘
`_
`'
`The ‘term “marquee"'as_ used herein is intended to-c_on-
`note info1'mn_ti_on_"prcsent in visual form for apprisingthe
`uscror subscribefr as to the program which he may "see
`upon 'acl_<1"1owlcdging"a coin demand. By thus provid-
`ing a. “marquee," conditions" akin to “going” to :1-motion
`‘picture theatre "are" established,
`in -that a theatre goer,
`before paying his mono? at the ticket counter "is sub-
`jected to the information appearing on the -theatre mar-
`-quec:
`The ‘term “barker” as "used herein-has reference to
`"audible signals available to the user or subscriber for
`app:-ising such.use'r'as to the program-being transmitted.
`The “barlcer" ‘and “marquee-"' are thus intended to
`-convey "generally the san1e*informatio'n,'but- one"i's accom-
`plishcd orally and the, other visually respectiviéiy.
`"It
`is therefore an o‘bje'ct of -the present" invention to
`provide an improved ‘system of this characterin which
`_a “marquee" and/‘ or "barlt'e1"" is provided.
`_
`Another object of the present-"invention is to provide
`an improved system-of this character for accomplishing
`the results indicated above in an a‘rrang'eme'ot'- which is
`compatible wi_th__prcscn't Federal Conihiunicgitions Com-
`mission standards.
`'
`_
`Another object of the present invention is to provide
`an improved system of this character which; prior to
`coin acl:nowledgrn'cnt'by the user or'_su'bsc'rib_er', apprises
`-such-user or -subscriber-'b'oth visually and ‘orally-as to "the
`'program_be_ing transmitted, i. e., theruser is provided with
`..a so-cal1_od"‘ma'rquce“ and is subjected to st “barker.”
`While 'thc-jprescnt arrang_en1'cnt' sho_'ws the use of both
`a" “marquee“ and a “-barker,” it is "noted that both need
`- not be present for accomplishing the -general ‘purpose,
`but it is desired to have ibotli prc's'ent,'
`In other words,
`the 'sy_stem- may be operated with 'the“‘bar'kcr"’ alone, with
`the “marquee" alone,"-or, ‘as is preferred herein, with‘ both
`the “-barker"-and the “mai"qu'e'e.”
`-
`The features of the -present
`invention which ‘are be-
`lieved to be novel are set forth with parti'cu1arity'in the
`appended claims. This invention itself, bothas to’ its
`
`organization and manner 'of_operation, together with fur-
`"ther objects and advantages thereof, may be ‘best under-
`stood by reference to the following description t-alien" in
`connection with the accompanying drawings --in "iivhich:
`Figure '1
`is a schematic diagram of 7-apparatI'.i.'s-" at one
`of ‘the plurality‘ of transmitting -stations and -embodies
`' features of the ‘present in'vention§'-t'he ap'par'a'tus- being=a
`part of the frequency mo'duiation='systcn1 for modulating
`the sound carrier both with the program audio‘-‘and Ehree
`tone signals.
`_
`Figure 2 is a schematic representation of s'orn'e of ‘the
`apparatus at the receiving station which issehsitive to the
`frequency modulation components on the sound carrier
`transmitted by the apparatus shown in Figure 1.
`,
`Figure 3 is a view in side elevation of alportion of
`the photoelectrically operated apparatus shown schemati-
`cally in Figure 1, used for purposes of efiecting tone mod-
`ulation in accordance with perforations in an endless 't-ape.
`Figure-4 is a sectional viewtal-ten ‘generally.on'thé'linc
`4-4 of Figure 3.
`-
`.
`"
`Figure 5 is a view taken as indicated by the line 5'—.5
`in Figure 3 and serves to show three perfo‘rnted"aper-
`tures used in developing three corresponding tone "sig-
`nals.
`'
`Figure-6 is-a plan view of a portion of the endless tape
`shown in Figure 3, and the section of the tapeiliustraied
`includes all perforations for ‘producing one cycle of_op-
`erntion.
`‘
`'
`Figure 7 is a front eievationai View of a coin integrator
`and comparator used at the receiving station -in coopera-
`tion withthe coin sorter and coin counter.
`'
`_
`_
`Figure 8'15 "a sectional view taken su'bstai1t.iaIly' along
`the line 8-—~8 of Figure 7.
`'
`'
`'
`.
`-
`.
`Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially’
`along-the line 9-9 of Figure i‘.
`-
`.
`-
`Figure 10 is a fragulentaty elcvational view taken
`'
`indicated at 10-10 in Figure 9.
`Figure 11 is ‘a -fragmentary rear elevational view of the
`' apparatus shown in ‘Figure 7, Figure 11 being taken; in
`the direction indicated -by the line -11-—-1-1 in.Figure 9.
`Figures 12-16, both inclusive, serve to illustrate cer-
`tain amplitude changes which the detected sound -signals
`undergo in relationship to ‘their frequenciesai the points
`A, B, C, D and E, respectively, in Figure -2.
`.-
`Figure '1'? shows in more simplified form the-relay
`switching arrangement shown in Figure 2.
`Figures 18 and 19, respectively, show in enlarged form
`the manner in. which the coin demand arm and the-coin
`actuated arm shown in Figures 2 and I7 coact with
`common stationary contacts for achieving a coincident
`condition.
`_
`Figure 20 is a. side view of a coin collecting, sorting
`and counting mechanism for operating the coin pay
`switches in Figures 2 and 17.
`'
`-'
`Figure 21 is a rear elevational view of‘ the coin sort-
`ing mechanism taken. as indicated by the'=l.ine 21—2l in
`Figure 20.
`'
`'
`,
`_
`Figure 22. is a fragmentary sectional ‘view taken sub-
`. stantially along the line _22-2.2 -of Figure 21.
`60
`Figure 23 is a fragmentary sectional viewtaken sub-
`stantially along the line 23-23 of Figure 21.‘ '-
`Figure 24 is a cross sectional view taken substantially ’
`along the line 24-24 of F_i_g-.=.re.2].
`_
`__
`-
`_
`Figure 25 is.a schematic representation of othervpulse
`distribution apparatus in a modified system wherein the
`operator is not provided with "a visual indication of the
`coinage demanded, but yet may cause unscramblingzof
`the picture by operating a normally open switch 506
`shown therein.
`_
`_'
`-_
`_
`Figure 26 is a schcmal1'c_ representation _of_a second
`modification of the pulse distributing apparatus, and -51-
`though the apparatus incorporates the structure "shown in
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`Figures 7, 8, 9. 10 and ll as modified in subsequent
`figures for producing a visual indication of the coin de-
`mand, such coin demand may be acknowledged to pro-
`duce an uuscran-rbled picture by the user operating a
`switch.
`Figures 27 and 28 show a modified stepping mecha-
`nism embodying generally the functional features of the
`prototype apparatus shown in Figures 7-11, -inclusive, but
`includes means whereby the user may obtain a visual in-
`dication of the coinage demanded.
`Figure 29 shows a recording tape with certain i11forrna-
`tion recorded thereon in accordance with f; pulses caused
`-by the so-called. fl apertures in Figure 6.
`Figure 30 is a schematic representation of the record-
`ing mechanism including the recording tape, recording
`head and tape driving motor, all of which are controlled
`by the arrangements shown in the previous figures.
`Figure 31 is a view in elevation of the coin demand
`stepping mechanism as viewed generally in the direction
`indicated by the lines 31-31 in Figure 2'3’.
`Figure 32 represents in graphical form operating char-
`acteristics of the video ttansmittim means shown in Fig-
`ure 1.
`Figure 33 shows in more detailed form, circuitry in the
`marquee illustrated in Figure 2.
`Figures 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39 illustrate wave shapes
`present in the system illustrated in Figure 2 in relation-
`ship to the marquee illustrated in Figure 33.
`Figure 40 illustrates a modified arrangement wherein
`a “coin acknowledgment“ may be made without the sub-
`scriber or user performing any positive act,
`i. e., by
`merely allowing time to elapse.
`Figure 41 illustrates a modified arrangement.
`With reference to Figure 1, the frequency modulated
`transmitter 10 serves to radiate into space, -by means of
`antennall, frequency modulated signals, the components
`of which comprise first the “barker" audio signals de-
`veloped, for example, in microphone, or, for example.
`phonograph pickup 12, and second the series of tone fre-
`quencies f1, f3 and fa developed respectively by the tone
`modulators 13, 14 and 15, and, third, the program audio
`or sound signals developed in microphone 12A and ap-
`plied to the amplitude modulator stage 1213' wherein a
`carrier of 45' kilocycles generated in stage 1213‘.
`is ampli-
`tude modulated by the audio signals. The modulated
`waves are applied to the control grid of tube 29. The
`frequency of the tones f1, 3‘; and fa are shown herein
`respectively as being 17.9 kilocycles, 20 kilocycles and
`22 kilocycles, which are frequencies well above the fre- _
`quencies in the audible range developed in the sound
`modulator stage 16, which includes the microphone or
`pickup 12. Although we prefer that these three tone
`frequencies lie above the audible band for practical
`reasons, concepts of the present invention may be prac-
`ticed when such -frequencies f1, f3, f3, or any one of them
`is a sub-audible frequency.
`The modulator stages 13, 14 and 25 each includes con-
`tinuously oscillating networks which include respectively
`pairs of tubes 13A, 1313, 14A, 1413, ISA, 1513,
`the fre-
`quency of oscillation in each of such networks 13, 14, 15
`being determined by the frequency of the associated
`crystal 13C, 14C, 15C. While one specific type of super-
`sonic oscillation network is shown in Figure I. the present
`invention is not critical
`in that regard, for it
`is well
`understood that other types than the one shown may be
`used for these purposes. Oscillations developed in net-
`works 13, 14 and .15 are transferred respectively through
`condensers 13D, 14D and 151)
`to the control grids of
`tubes 13E, 141-3 and 15B, respectively. The cathodes of
`these tubes 13E, 14E, 15]-2'. are returned to ground through
`parallel connected resistances 13 and 19 as well as by
`series circuit which -includes the serially connected re-
`sistances 20 and 21.
`-
`While the oscillation networks 13, 14 and 15 continu-
`
`4
`ously oscillate, their voltage output is not normally trans-
`ferred to the cathode load resistances 18, 19, since in such
`normal condition the control grids of tubes 13E, 14B and
`15B are biased by means described presently to cut off
`the flow of space current through such tubes. Such bias-
`ing means includes corresponding normally heavy con-
`ducting tubes 13?, 141“ and 151‘ which have their anodes,
`normally at a relatively low potential, connected to the
`control grid of tubes 1313, 1413, and 1513,
`respectively,
`through series circuits comprising, respectively: resistances
`13S and 13G; resistances 14S and 14G; and resistances
`15S and 15G. The anodes of tubes 13T, MT and 15T
`are connected to a positive terminal of corresponding
`anode voltage sources 13M, 14M and ISM through corre-
`sponding voltage dropping resistances 13R, 14R and 15R.
`The cathodes of tubes 13T, MT and 15T are connected
`to the uugrounded negative terminal of voltage sources
`13N, MN and ISN, respectively. The control grids of
`tubes 13E, 1415. and 1513. are returned to ground, respec-
`tively, through the following series circuits:
`resistances
`1156, HQ and source 13F; resistances 14G, 14Q and
`source 14F; and resistances 15G, ISQ and source 15F.
`It is observed that the tubes 13E, 14B and 15B are con-
`nected essentially as gated cathode followers and have
`their anodes connected directly to the positive terminal
`of voltage sources 13L, 14]., and 15L, respectively.
`The tubes 13T, 14T and l5T are coupled to phototubes
`131, 14)‘ and 153', respectively. All these photocells are
`connected in identical manner, and a detailed description
`of the connection of phototube 131 suffices to describe
`the other connections. The phototube 131 is connected in
`a series circuit with resistance 13X and voltage sources
`13Y and 132. The anode of the phototube 13] is con-
`nected to the control grid of tube 13T, and the junction
`point of sources 13Y and 13Z is connected to the cathode
`of tube 131‘, so that upon illumination of the tube 13] the
`control grid of tube 13T is driven negatively with respect
`to its cathode, to thereby cut off or appreciably reduce
`the flow of current through tube 1ST, with the result
`that the potential at the anode of tube 131‘ increases to
`such an extent that the connected control grid of tube 13E.
`rises sufficiently to become conductive and to thereby
`allow oscillations developed at
`the oscillator stage 13
`to appear across the cathode output resistance 18.
`These tubes 13E, 14E, 15B are rendered conducting
`either when the associated phototubes 131, 14], 15] are
`energized by the corresponding light sources 13K, 14K
`and 15K, or, in the alternative, when either one of the
`corresponding normally open test switches 131-1, 14}!
`or 15H is closed.
`‘Normally these phototubes 131, 141,
`153' are not illuminated because of the opaque endless tape
`23 which, however, is suitably apertured as indicated in
`Figure 3 to allow alternate illumination of such photo-
`tubcs.
`It is noted that only one of the phototubes 13],
`141, 15]‘ is thus illuminated at any one particular time.
`Effectively, the normally nonconducting tubes 13E. 14E,
`15B are gated on in timed sequence with movement of
`the tape 23, to thereby allow super-audible signals of fre-
`quencies f1, f2 and f3 to alternately appear on the output
`lead 24.
`It is observed that the adiustable resistances 13?, 141”
`and HP in corresponding modulator stages 13, I4 and
`15 are used to adjust
`the level of the corresponding
`signals f1, f2 and f3 appearing on the lead 24. These
`signals appearing'on lead 24 are transferred through the
`transient suppressing network 25 which includes the series
`condenser 26 and shunt connected resistance 27. The
`lead 24 is
`thus connected through serially connected
`resistance 20 and condenser 26, and through the adjust-
`able tap on the potentiometer resistance 28 to the control
`grid of the cathode follower tube 29, on the grid of which
`is also applied the audio signals developed by the micro-
`phone or pickup 12. The current or voltage variations
`developed by such transducer 12 are applied to the con-
`trol grid of the amplifying stage 39, The amplified out-
`PMC Exhibit 210
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`5
`transferred
`¥19}1l.appearing| on the _a._no"r_I_e of tuhe ‘S0
`thifotigh a cbhve'aiuoHa1='7s:niicresécand emphasis éircbit
`31 for p_:_‘1_r'p'oses ‘of emph'asizi_ng the high frequencies in
`'acco1"da'nce with well established frequency modulating
`tradsh:lission_techni'q'ues. The output of this network 31
`lIa‘nsferred to the control grid of the cathode follower
`‘tube 3_3, the cathode load resistance 34 of which is in
`-sli_unt_'iyith_the primary winding 35 of the transformer
`-36. _The secondary winding ‘of transformeir 36 is con-
`?ne'cte'd to opposite outside terminals of potentiometer
`resietance"28, so that the movable tap on the resistance
`28 may be adjusted to c'or_'re$pondingly adjust the output
`1e_\_Trel of audio‘ signal applied to the control grid of tube
`29. The-resulting mixed audio and tone signals appear-
`on the cathode of tube" 29 are applied tip the frequency
`niddulafion trarismitter 10 and appear as frequency modu-
`lated components on the wave transmitted from antenna
`11.
`'
`.
`
`The particular mechiinical tape driving means and asso-
`ciated lamp housing useful in generating the aforemen-
`tioned tone signals f1,_f,; and is arenow described in re-
`lationship to Figures 3,
`.4, 5 and 6 although it will be
`appreciated that the present invention is not critical as
`to the specific type of apparatus shown in such figures
`for accomplishing tl1e'afore_mentioned purposes, aithough
`the particular meansdescribed in these figures is the one
`preferred.
`_
`_
`__
`The endless p_erf_o_1"ate_d tnpe_' 23 in Figure 3 passes over
`idler wheels 33, 39, Ml and 41 and over the driving
`sprocket 42, so that the tripe travels in the direction indi-
`cated by the arrow 44 in thespace adjacent lamp hous-
`ings 45, {Idaho 4?, which contain respectively the lamps
`13_K', '_l4I{ and 15K_ [Figure 11. Corresponding photo-
`tnbes_13J, 14] and 15] are disposed below the endless
`tdj'pe_ in alignment with apertures 13W, 14W and 15W
`in__the stationary -plate 48. Thus the aperture 13W is
`used in‘ producing fi’equen_cy fg, the aperture 14W is used
`in‘ producing the Erequency 3'1", and the‘ aperture 15W is
`used in producing the frequency ft, such frequencies be-
`ing obtained when a corresponding perforation 13V, 14V
`or 15V, respectively, is in alignment with such apertures.
`Mechanically, the tape 23 and aperturedplate 48 a're_so
`.fab_ric_aIt'e'd_ th_at'_only" ond of the '_ape_rtui'cs' 1_3W, 14W,_1_$W
`may be un_c'over_ed at__any one particular time, and while
`such apertures are shown in staggered relationship in
`Fignre __5, such staggered relationship__is -not necessary
`and they may actually be placed in line so long as the
`apertures _in__the tape 23 are aligned so that only one of
`the aperturod portions is uncovered" at any one particular
`tirne.
`.
`.
`Thus it is evident from ihe above description that the
`:fra'iisIfiftté‘f"shhitFh"
`-Fig'1'n-"é
`1 serves to radiate into
`space a ftequency modulated wave, the modulation _c_od'l-
`ponents of which include a barker sound developed by
`transducer 12 program sound dexieloped in 'mic'ropl_'1'one
`12A and the tone signals of frequencies )‘1,_ ,f2 and _f3,
`which tone frequencies "alternately appear as components
`in tiieradiated wave. The receiver shown in Figure '2
`serves to demodulate the mo'dulation components of the
`aforernentioned frequency modulated wave _to reproduce
`the sound_ components as‘ well as _to pe'r'fo'r'rn_ certain
`control‘ operations in 'scc'ordan'ce with the signals of fre-
`quencies f1, f3 and fa.
`_
`-
`_
`__
`Besides
`transmitting the aforementioned nequency
`modulated wave, the station also sends out a scrambled
`vidco signal which includes “marquee” information by
`means of the video antenna‘ 50; Thus the transmission
`from antennas 11 and 50 contain all of the information
`required; for recreation "of-_ the -p1'Dg1'3.II{_ televised-, -_pro-
`vided-of qoursv; thatgzfleans are present at_tl;ie rgeeiving
`.stat_iqn indicated Figure 2 for unscrambling. the re-
`'cei_'ved_ video signals-.-
`‘
`-
`.
`.'S.'<.=:
`'t..ar..is.. -"-.=.r.sis_.'ssz=~="=*.s' bf s_i=.i=r~'-s.-=.1_=é_ ifiréniisfi are
`c_oncerned, the scrambling. means at _the tra_nsrnitte_r and
`the utiseifinl '
`' means‘ at_ the r'eceiver, may t‘zil‘re'_ d'it‘r‘er-
`
`'
`
`'6
`ent forms, diflerent systems of which are shown in
`prior art, but the one preferred
`the ‘ode _saown -and
`"claimed in the _cop‘endii1g_-apzilieatibh"of "Allen D.- Hoff-
`mann et al.,_for Prepe_id' Ente'ita_in'niei'1"t D_istrib'u'tion'S_ys-
`tem, Serial Ijlo. 224,622; filed May '4, l95l, now Patent
`No. 2,764,025 issued October 30,
`-1956-, and a'ssigned'tb
`the same assignee as the present invention."
`_
`ffrovisions are present_ a"t_the 1.;'»'a'nsnn:un'g station for
`s_ending_mar'que’e informa'_tio_n'-and this in g"e_n‘er'al -includes
`means whereby thefirst live or ten-lines of everyfieid or
`first ten or twenty lines of every frame is devoted to
`marquee informatioti. For this purpose there are_ pro-
`vided tw’o icono'sco'pe's*, ii'amely"a prograiti icoooscope 12G
`for purposes ofrdeveloping progiam video and 'a'. marquee
`iconoscope 1_2H for developifig marquee video. Both
`icoiloscopes _-1-2G and 12H are fed ivilh-vertical synch
`pulses developedin the verticril syiich generator 121 [and
`appearing as 12K (Figure 32).
`Z
`-
`_
`This synch pulse 12K is a. _-pulse and recurs at
`the repetition rate of 60 per sec_ox1d.' Such pulse 12K
`precedes of course the video information which is trans-
`mittedin 262% lines b_11t,"i_n _accordahce with" the pres-
`ent invention, the first ten lines of such 26236 lines are
`devoted to marquee information. For this purpose the
`vertical synch pulse 12K developed in the -generator 12]
`is applied, after considerable delay,
`to appropriately
`timed electronic switches 12M and RN, through which
`thevideo developed respectively by the icbnoscopes 121-1
`and 120 are required to pass before being applied to the
`mixer stage 121’.
`.More specifically, synch pulses developed in generator
`12.] are applied to a so-called "‘A." phantastron 12R and
`:1 socalled “B” phantastron 12.8 which
`a desired
`amount of relay and when the delayed triggers from
`stages 12S and 12R are applied to a" tiiptlop multivibrator
`l2T, the output of such 'multiVibrato1' l2T is applied on
`the one hand to the electronic switch 12M and on the
`other hand to the electronic switch 12N, so as to pro-
`duce the result indicated in Figure 32.
`_
`In general, the time interval “T” in" Figure 32 is de-
`termined by the delay imposed by phantastron A, and
`the delayed pulse from phantastron A “fires” the multi-
`vibrator stage 121‘. The “B” phantastron 12S imposes
`a much larger delay to the triggerand the output of
`such “B" phantastron 12S cuts off current conduction in
`the multivibrator stage to thereby define the trailing edge
`of the multivibrator pulse.
`‘Thus, in scanning, the ‘output of'the marquee" icono-
`scope 12H is applied exclusively to the mixer stage 12!’
`for the first ten lines and the video output of the icono-
`scope 12G is applied exclusively for the remaining 252%
`lines to the mixer 121'. The marquee video and pro-
`gram video thus applied to the video transmitter 12Q
`is scrambled by the video scrambling‘ means 12X upon
`closure of switch 12Y.
`Briefly, -as explained in detail elsewhere, this marquee
`video information appearing in the‘ _first ten lines is re-
`produced at the receiver by first shifting or delaying the
`comparable ten lines at the receiver so that they appear
`at the center of the cathode ray tube and by blanking
`the remaining lines.
`The receiver shown in Figure 2 includes the conven-
`tional antenna 51 coupled‘ to the conventional channel
`tuner 52. The receiver shown is of the so-called dual-I. F.
`type using the superheterodyne principle, and the sound
`frequencies of intermediate frequencies are impressed on
`the “Sound I. F. -and Discrtminator" stage 53, while the
`signals of video-appearing at a different intermediate fre-
`quency are applied to the “Video I. F. Amplifier" 54.
`The output of the I. F. amplifier 54 and second detector
`56 is applied both to a stationary contact of the single
`pole double throw relay switch M3 and to the self-keyed
`unscrambler 57. The output of the unscrambling means
`57 is applied to a stationary contact of switch 55 which
`has its movable contact connected to a stationary con-'
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`tact of switch M3. Normally, the -relay switch 55 is in
`the position shown in Figure 2, and in such case a mar-
`quee picture appears on the viewing surface of the cath-
`ode ray picture tube 60, since the output of
`the un-
`scrambling means is applied to the input of the marquee
`stage 122 and the output of the marquee stage is applied,
`in such case, through switch 55 and switch M3 (when
`a monitor tone provided by the f1, f3 and fa tone signals
`are present indicating -a “paid" program) to the video
`amplifier 59. The video amplifier 59 thus supplies mar-
`quee video to the CRT60.
`It is clear that a “frec" un-
`scrambled picture may be reproduced since in such case
`the output of stage 56 is applied through switch M3 to
`the video amplifier 59 and CRT6ll. The video relay
`winding 58 is energized only when certain conditions
`are realized, i. e., upon a coin acknowledgment, such con-
`ditions being described in detail hereinafter, but when
`such conditions occurs,
`the unscrambling means 57 is
`connected directly to the video amplifier and the marquee
`stage 122 is disconnected to cause a clear picture of
`the program to appear on the viewing surface of the tube
`60. The means whereby the winding 58 may be ener-
`gized is now described in detail.
`The aforementioned frequency modulated wave, after
`being detected in the stage 53, is applied to the control
`grid of tube 61 through the isolating resistance 62 and
`bandpass filter 63 and resistance 64, for purposes of sep-
`arating the tone s_ignals of frequencies 11, f3 and fa. Also,
`for purposes of reproducing the barker sound components
`developed by the transducer 12 (Figure 1), the output of
`the stage 53 is applied to the speaker 66 after passing
`through the switch 58A and low pass filter and audio am-
`plifier stage 67.
`It is noted that the relay switch 58A is normally in its
`position shown