US007298327B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Dupray et al.
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,298,327 B2
`Nov. 20, 2007
`
`(54) GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION USING
`MULTIPLE LOCATION ESTIMATORS
`(75) Inventors: Dennis J. Dupray, Golden, CO (US);
`Charles L. Karr, Tuscaloosa, AL (US)
`(73) Assignee: TracBeam LLC, Golden, CO (US)
`( * ) Notice:
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`(21) Appl. No.: 10/262,413
`(22) Filed:
`Sep. 30, 2002
`(65)
`Prior Publication Data
`
`Dec. 4, 2003
`US 2003/0222820 A1
`Related US. Application Data
`
`(63) Continuation of application No. 09/194,367, ?led as
`application No. PCT/US97/15892 on Sep. 8, 1997.
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/056,590, ?led on Aug.
`20, 1997, provisional application No. 60/044,821,
`?led on Apr. 25, 1997, provisional application No.
`60/025,855, ?led on Sep. 9, 1996.
`(51) Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`G01S 3/02
`(52) US. Cl. ..................................... .. 342/451; 342/457
`(58) Field of Classi?cation Search .............. .. 342/450,
`342/451, 453, 457, 463; 455/456.1, 456.2,
`455/4566
`See application ?le for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`3,646,580 A
`
`2/1972 Fuller et a1. ................ .. 325/53
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`
`0 177 203 A2
`9/1985
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Before the Federal Communications Commission, in the Matter of
`Revision of the Commission’s Rules to Ensure Compatibility with
`
`Enhanced 911 Emergency Calling Systems; “Comments of Harris
`Government Communication Systems Division A Division of Har
`ris Corporation”, ?led Sep. 25, 1996.
`(Continued)
`Primary ExamineriDao Phan
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A location system is disclosed for commercial wireless
`telecommunication infrastructures. The system is an end-to
`end solution having one or more location centers for out
`putting requested locations of commercially available hand
`sets or mobile stations (MS) based on, e.g., CDMA, AMPS,
`NAMPS or TDMA communication standards, for process
`ing both local MS location requests and more global MS
`location requests via, e.g., Internet communication between
`a distributed network of location centers. The system uses a
`plurality of MS locating technologies including those based
`on: (1) two-way TOA and TDOA; (2) pattern recognition;
`(3) distributed antenna provisioning; and (4) supplemental
`information from various types of very low cost non
`infrastructure base stations for communicating via a typical
`commercial wireless base station infrastructure or a public
`telephone switching network. Accordingly, the traditional
`MS location difficulties, such as multipath, poor location
`accuracy and poor coverage are alleviated via such tech
`nologies in combination with strategies for: (a) automati
`cally adapting and calibrating system performance accord
`ing to environmental and geographical changes; (b)
`automatically capturing location signal data for continual
`enhancement of a self-maintaining historical data base
`retaining predictive location signal data; (c) evaluating MS
`locations according to both heuristics and constraints related
`to, e.g., terrain, MS velocity and MS path extrapolation from
`tracking and (d) adjusting likely MS locations adaptively
`and statistically so that the system becomes progressively
`more comprehensive and accurate. Further, the system can
`be modularly con?gured for use in location signaling envi
`ronments ranging from urban, dense urban, suburban, rural,
`mountain to low traf?c or isolated roadways. Accordingly,
`the system is useful for 911 emergency calls, tracking,
`routing, people and animal location including applications
`for con?nement to and exclusion from certain areas.
`
`80 Claims, 62 Drawing Sheets
`
`LOCATION CENTER &
`LOCATION ENGINE m
`
`SIGNA
`PROCESSING
`SUBSYSTEM 1L2!
`
`LOCATION
`INFORMATION
`DA A
`is
`
`‘233
`
`CENTER 111
`
`ENVIRONMENTAL DATA PROVIDERS
`E.G., APPLICATIONS PROVIDING TRAFFIC
`FLOW, WEATHER, ETC.
`LOCATION APPLICATIONS Mi
`
`,
`
`PUBLIC ms‘
`PHONE
`was
`NETWORK 121
`AND INTERNET
`@
`l
`
`\
`
`HYPOTHESIS EVALUATORI
`(“MOST LIKELYH LOCATION
`HYPOTHESIS DETERMINATION)
`OUTPUT GATEWAY
`FOR DESIGNATED
`D
`N
`
`APPLFAJIDNS
`
`T-Mobile / TCS / Ericsson EXHIBIT 1004
`T-Mobile / TCS / Ericsson v. TracBeam
`Page 1
`
`

`
`US 7,298,327 B2
`Page 2
`
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`
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`5,363,110 A 11/1994 Inamiya .................... .. 243/357
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`. 364/449
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`3/1995 D>Andrea et a1‘ _
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`
`T-Mobile / TCS / Ericsson EXHIBIT 1004
`T-Mobile / TCS / Ericsson v. TracBeam
`Page 2
`
`

`
`US 7,298,327 B2
`Page 3
`
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`Nov. 20, 2007
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`Sheet 2 0f 62
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`US 7,298,327 B2
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`m mmcmm
`
`N .91
`
`E23
`
`525m
`
`F
`
`mm
`
`mccmE<
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`Nov. 20, 2007
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