`
`DICTIONARY OF
`BIOCHEMISTRY AND
`MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
`
`Second Edition
`
`J. STENESI-I
`
`Prafesmr of Chemistry
`Western Mm“ Univemiry
`
`
`
`A. WHY-WENCE PUBLICATION
`
`JOHN WILEY 8: SONS
`
`New York I Chiehester
`
`1' Brisbane
`
`f Tlfl'fllltl]
`
`3“ Singapore
`
`W
`
`Mylan v. Genentech
`|PR2016-00710
`
`Merck Ex. 1106, Pg. 1
`
`Mylan v. Genentech
`IPR2016-00710
`Merck Ex. 1106, Pg. 1
`
`

`

`Copyright in 1939 by john 1'Ir'lt'iley 8: Sons, Inc.
`
`All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada.
`
`Reproduction or translation of any part of this work
`beyond that permitted by Section 10? or 103 of the
`195'6 1United States |tilopyright Act without the permission
`of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for
`permission or further information should be addressed to
`the Permissions Department. John Wiley 3: Sons, Inc.
`
`mchmncmnmsmm
`
`Stenesh, 1., 192?—
`Dictionary oi biochemistry and molecular biology a“
`2nd ed.
`
`J. Stenesh. —
`
`IHQBT654321
`
`cm.
`p.
`Rev. ed. oi: Dictionary of biochemistry, 1W5.
`“A erey—Interscience publication."
`Bibliography: p.
`ISBN {1—471-34139—0
`1. Biochemistry—Dictionaries. 2. Molecular biology——
`—Dictionaries.
`I. Stenesh, 1.. 192T— Dictionary oi biochemistry.
`
`ii. Title.
`
`OPSIZETE 1939
`5'14. 19'2'fl321—dc19
`
`Printed in the United States oi America
`
`3363561
`CIF
`
`Merck Ex. 1106, Pg. 2
`
`

`

`
`
`multiracial“
`
`multiracial-lei Di. or pertaining to. a polygene:
`polygenic.
`multifunctional protein A. protein that has two
`or more different catalytic andr'or binding
`functions on a single polypeptide chain.
`multigene family A group of genes. derived by
`duplication and variation from a common
`ancestral gene. that are located on the same
`or on different chromosomes. A multigene
`family exhibits four properties: multiplicity.
`close linkage. sequence homology. and re-
`lated phenotypic functions. The genes coding
`for histones. immunoglobulins. and hemoglo-
`bins are examples of multigene families.
`mnltihended protein noerroHcrrorvxt. scorers.
`multillll survival curve
`1. A. survival curve that
`describes a radiation phenomenon in which
`two or more photons must be absorbed by
`one target before the viability of the active
`unit is lost. 2. noerraaos'r soavrvaL cuxve.
`multilarneilar vesicle See vesicle.
`mnllimer
`oLIoosrsx.
`mnltlpnrflele virus
`covlttus.
`multiplude acute electrophoresis
`rttorltoxesrs.
`multiple alleles A group of three or more
`alternative alleles. any one of which may
`occur at the same locus on a chromosome.
`multiple binding lrlLlLTiPLE soururunx.
`multiple eodon recogrdtion The binding of a
`given molecule of tRNA to more than one
`codon. as postulated by the Wobble hypoth-
`
`orsr: oEL ELEC-
`
`esrs.
`covlans.
`multiple couponetlt virus
`multiple development A chromatographic tech-
`nique. used particularly with paper or thin-
`layer chromatography. in which the sample is
`developed repeatedly with either the same or
`different solvents.
`multiple displacement mechanism Honseousiv-
`11.11. nscnxrvlsar.
`multiple equilihrln The interactions that occur
`betrveen the macromolecule that has several
`binding sins and the ligands that bind to these
`sites.
`multiple-event curve HUL‘l‘lI-IIT suxvtvxr. cuavs.
`multiple factor hypothesis The hypothesis that
`quantitative traits. such as size and weight.
`result from the cumulative effect of a group of
`genes. See also polygene.
`multiple forms of an enzyme A. collective term
`for all the proteins that possess the same en-
`zyme activity and that occur naturally in a
`single species;
`includes genetically indepen-
`dent proteins. heteropolymers. genetic (alle-
`lic) variants. proteins conjugated with other
`groups. proteins derived from one poly-
`peptide chain. polymers of a single subunit.
`and forms differing in conformation.
`multiple gene
`rocht-zns.
`
`curve.
`
`mnhiple inhibition analyst A kinetic analysis
`of the interactions of two or more inhihimm
`of an enzymatic reaction. The analysig inc-IL
`cates whether the inhibitors are mutually cg-
`elusive or whether
`they can bind gjmuL
`tarteously to the enzyme and. if so. whether
`the binding of one inhibitor to the enaym
`facilitates or hinders the binding of another.
`muIflpI-e myeloma
`A. malignant chem a;
`antibody-producing plasma cells in which sin.
`gle. specific cells have undergone neoplastic
`transformation. These cells proliferate in. pm.
`duce excessive amounts of specific piercing
`including the Hence—Jones protein. myclama
`globulins. and fragments of the various classes.
`of normal immunoglobulins.
`multiple sclerosis A human demyelination dis-
`ease in which the myelin sheath of nerves
`undergoes destruction. The cause of this is
`uncertain but a genetic predisposition for the
`disease occurs. In the absence of myelin. ax-
`ons fail to conduct nerve impulses. The dis-
`ease is characterized by partial paralysis.
`changes in speech. and inability to walk. Abbr
`MS. Aim demyelination disease.
`mnltiplet A multiple peak. as that obtained in
`nuclear magnetic resonance.
`steps
`muhiplieatlnn cycle The sequence of
`from the infection of a cell by a virus to the
`formation of new virus particles and their re*
`lease from the cell.
`multiplicity See enzyme multiplicity;
`RNA multiplicity: spin multiplicity.
`multiplicity of hifectinn
`1. The number of virus
`particles that have either adsorbed to. or in-
`fected. cells in a culture. divided by the total
`number of cells in the culture. 2. The number
`of virus particles added to a culture divided hi
`the total number of cells in the culture. Alibi"
`MIDI.
`multiplicity reactivation The restoration of the
`activity of a virus that carries a lethal muta-
`tion by the simultaneous infection of a host
`cell with this and one or more other mutaflt
`viruses. The process involves a genetic e1-
`change whereby a viable genome is produced
`from the undamaged sections of the mutant.
`and from otherwise nonviable. genomi-
`Ahbr MR. See also cross-reactivation.
`_
`multistep induction theory A theory of car?"
`nflgenesis according to which cancer is “1‘
`duced as a result of a number of still-75 '3'
`stages. It is believed that. at the veryr 1335"
`there are two such steps. initiation and PH”
`motion. Initiation involves the acquisition 0f
`mulfltiflns. and promotion involves till!
`‘1"
`pression of these mutations. Aka multistfiS'v'
`induction theory.
`
`transfer
`
`
`
`Merck Ex. 1106, Pg. 3
`
`

`

`
`
` WWW
`
`
`
`_tfinararccirronrogener. It is an in-
`ml.
`l
`Ilflr of oxidative phosphorylation where it
`blocks an:
`.
`.
`.
`.
`_
`ATP“:
`slt‘t'llheats by inhibiting the HF.
`
`lfliflfld by means of phosphodhster bonds; oli-
`Eflnbonucleotides consist of ribonucleotidcs.
`311d 1tiligodeoatyribonucleotides
`consists of
`dflflxynbonucleotides.
`Wide A linear peptide that consists of
`labor 2 to 1d amino acids joined by means of
`Penitde bonds.
`
`‘1'
`
`A linear or branched carbohy-
`drate that consists of from 2 to It] monosac-
`chatide units joined by means of glycosidic
`bonds.
`ollgosacchariu Doe of a group of plant regula-
`tory molecules. They differ from plant hor-
`mones. which have multiple effects.
`in that
`each one regulates only a single plant function
`such as defense against disease. growth. re-
`production. or differentiation.
`|I.'.'l'ligosacchar-
`ins are fragments of the cell wall. released
`from the latter by enzymatic action.
`w lalte A deep and clear—water lalte.
`having a depth of 15 m or more, that has a
`plant population at various depths. and that
`has a low rate of nutrient supply in relation to
`its volume of water. In such a take. both the
`biomass and the productivity
`.
`bottom layers of the lalte are saturated with
`dissolved oxygen throughout
`the year. See
`iro eutrophic lalte: mesotrophic lalte.
`iii-fluted oligosacchrlda Sac glycosylation.
`iii-locus The locus of the operator.
`-onta Suffix meaning tumor.
`
`"d that are believed to account for the elas-
`fidu. of the molecule.
`ohjacflve An objective lens use
`slim the resolution attainable with thii
`,
`microscope: based on filling the 5
`fl...“ the coverslide of the specimenpaar:
`fl“ abjgfljve With an oil that has the same
`“frme index as the coverslide.
`w fragments A group of short DNA
`flamers that are Pmduced during the initial
`stages at
`the disconttnuous replication of
`DNA: they represent precursor fragments of
`the lagging strand that are subsequently
`Fined by DNA hgase to form longer frag-
`mats. Utaaaltt fragments have been demons-
`trated. in the case of E. coli. by exposing the
`[:1th tritiated thymine for short periods duo
`in: their growth. Aim precursor fragments.
`in .3 disease
`aeauerstea‘s otsesse.
`a all:
`1. Bacterial cells in the stationary
`PM at gronrth. 2. Cells that have been
`eel-ed for a prolonged time.
`nu albumin Tuberculin prepared by concen-
`aering and filtering a culture of the tubercle
`bacillus. Mycobccterr'ttm tubercniost's. Abbr
`UT
`lid yellow ettaytne A flavoprotein from yeast
`that catalyzes the oxidation of NADPH and
`that was isolated in 1932 by Warburg and
`Clnistian.
`by
`produced
`antibiotic.
`delitlomyehi An
`Streptomycer antihiotictrs. that is closely re-
`lated to erythromycin.
`Ildh An unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon:
`an alltene.
`'HC Isid Art unsaturated fatty acid that con-
`tains 13 carbon atoms and one double bond.
`See site promoter.
`“willie Hroaornoatc.
`Whilst: Hvoaonnuc.
`MB A spherosome that is rich in lipids
`but devoid of acid phosphatase and other hyd-
`m'ltl'tic enzymes,
`_
`0:: Trademark for a synthetic fat substr-
`MIME eliiiect
`'l"li:i'.y growth
`inhibitory
`“Em 0f some metals (such as silver and corp-
`”) in their elementary form on bacteria:
`in!” for by placing a metal disk on a fffihl‘l"
`mum petri plate and measurtn!
`mu“ flf nongrnarth surrounding each dish
`ah" incubation.
`aim A Stile that. by itself. produces a
`
`“I
`She h d:
`{title Mflhflfi group.
`e
`notes
`t at
`e torsionan
`may. angle
`rotation about
`the C'—l~l peptide bond in
`proteins. Syn: re.
`W fraction envsosttcaorts.
`mega loop A polypeptide chain conformation
`in globular proteins that is shaped like the
`Greek letter omega. A loop is a continuous
`segment of a polypeptide chain. folded baclt
`upon itself. and defined in terms of the (a)
`segment length. {b} absence of regular secon-
`dary structure. and [c] distance between seg—
`ment tert't'llnl.
`m halal-lion An oaidative pathway of fatty
`acids in which the temtinal methyl group of
` dim“ effect.
`the fatty acid (usually one containing 3—1:
`1" Protein molecule that consists of
`
`carbon atoms} is oxidized first to a hydrotryl
`“a i" M polypeptide chains. referred to
`group and then to a carbonl group. leading
`a “the: monomers or protomers. halted
`
`
`W mlkmly or noncovalently. See also
`an the formation of a dicarhortylit: add: the
`
`
`flfit
`
`t a
`
`noved
`
`the FDA.
`
`
`
`
`
`Merck Ex. 1106, Pg. 4
`
`