Academic Press
`
`Dictionary
`of Science and
`Technology
`
`Edited by
`Christopher Morris
`
`Academic Press
`Harcourt Brace Iovanovich, Publishers
`San Diego New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto
`
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1008 - Page 1
`
`f
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1008 - Page 1
`
`

`
`This book is printed on acid-free paper.
`
`Copyright © 1992 by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
`All Rights Reserved.
`No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
`means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information
`storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
`
`Academic Press, Inc.
`1250 Sixth Avenue, San Diego, California 92101-4311
`
`United Kingdom Edition published by
`Academic Press Limited
`24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX
`
`Library of Congress Cata1oging—in-Publication Data
`
`Academic Press dictionary of science and technology / edited by
`Christopher Morris
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN U 11-Zflilclfltl-U
`2. Technology——Dictionaries.
`I. Huiem.'.u——iJit'1iumiries.
`II. Academic Press.
`III. Title:
`I. Mums.(?l1r1s1up|ier{}.
`Dictionary of science and technology.
`Q123./X33
`1991
`503--dc20
`
`PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
`
`929394959697
`
`DO 987654321
`
`90-29032
`CIP
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1008 - Page 2
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1008 - Page 2
`
`

`
`
`
`demilune
`
`608
`
`.
`
`dernilune B.r'nIog_i-. ct'csct:nt—sh;tpcd, like a new moon: i:Spt.‘('.ittliy :2 cros-
`t:cttt—sltnpt.-cl coil in the salivary glztntl.
`demister Mira-}titttt'r_-of I-_‘itltp'ii.«-r:'t'i:_t;. it British term for it dci‘rostcr.
`Demacritus c. 4t’ull—;l?'li BET. Llrcck |)l1ii(1S()l_'ll‘tBl'L fiI'.'tl to propose an
`ntornic tltcory oi” tn;1ttcr_
`Demodicidae httw'tc:ht'ctti‘ Zrmirigy. a faintly of :|I1tciinltl_»: that ii'It:lltCh-‘.5
`tht: pore tnitcs. skin pttrasitcs of tn:tn1tnzt|s.
`demodifiar (.'tmtptiit-r l’i'l_t_t;i':rniritii:,g,
`:I data element that restores it
`inodilicd instruction to its originztl sttttc.
`demodulate Tiair?c:mmm.-ti't.-otions.
`to undo or rcvcrsc tho cffccts of
`mothilation: for cxatnplc. to rcrnovc Ihc itttciiigcttcc—boaring signal front
`is mociukttion t.:'1li'|‘i<‘.I'.
`demodulator
`'i‘clccrmnitmtit:ntirm.i*.
`:1 circuit tiutt rccovcrs thc signttl
`tllttt was used to niocttttntu a ctirricr. .'.-Elm.-mm.-'r.t'. see DF.COMMl."l'ATOi2.
`demographic or demographlcal
`.§tuit.i-rim-. of or relating to demog-
`raphy or ticrnogtupltics.
`demographics Str.rti.t‘o'i~.\‘.
`the c|ntr:tctcristics of at spcciiic popuiettinn.
`such as its average age. rcproductivc status. and future life expectancy.
`Sciwttcti. systcitts or proccdurcs that are based on such ciitttuctcristics.
`demography .$'rat.-‘.nn-5. the systcmutic study of pttpuitttitut or of it spe-
`cific population, including such nspccts its size. ttgc. tiitttriburion. and
`birth and dtiattll rttte.
`Demolvre. Abraham [tltitn w:'iv'ro]
`I66?--‘I754. Ft‘c11c|i—born English
`mzttltctnaticizttt: known for |1isI":or titcorcm and work on probability.
`De lit‘iol\tt'e'S theorem Morin.-ntoritrx. a rule for calculating the power of
`at complex Illii‘.ill)t:l' cxprcssotl in polar fortn: i.c.. it‘ 2 = .r-(cos 0 + t" sin 0)
`then 2" = r“(cos'n€i + fsiri nlzi).
`demolition Milt'tni'y .S'ct'¢'nci'. I. the destruction of structttrcs. Fttcilitios.
`or matcriuis by use. of fire. water. cxplosivcs, niochanical.
`til‘ other
`ntcans. 2. ticscribittg personnel or nnttcriais involved in tlcmolitioti.
`Thus, demolition duty, demolition (firing) party, demolition kit, de-
`molition target.
`demolition belt Military .5'c'i’cncr:. an area of land that is sown with ex-
`piosivc chnrgcs. mines. and 0tl'tt:t' obstacles to dcny use to cncrny troops
`and provide protection to fricntily troops.
`demolition block (Jrrhtoncc. an explosive cltargc used for tlcmutiition:
`it is usually packaged in :1 nonnict.-illlc cuntttincr.
`demolition bomb (J|ro’itortr:c. a bomb that pcnctratcs thc sttriact: of the.
`earth bcforo cxpiotiittg, thus combining the force of its blast nnti the un-
`derground explosion.
`demon r‘lrtt]Ft'irtl iritr.’Higt?!lL'L'.
`:1 procedure that
`is tictivalcti automati-
`cally when it ccrtain condition occttrs, such as an if~fl(i(it3t2i
`l1'IBlll0(l.
`Coiirptttcr .‘:'c:t'cnt.-c. 1.
`it srnnli process that runs within :1 nntitiproccs.sit1g,
`system and pcrfornis a utility flntction, such 13$ printing upoolcdprint
`til:-.s. Also. DAEMON, tvnulm-s1'n'a. 5YMl1It'JN'l'. 2. El .-.-mull program that in nor-
`mally inactivc. but that rnonitors it particularcontiition anti i.iocoin<:s ac-
`tivrttcd when that condition occurs.
`demon of Maxwell
`‘l]lu=rnioo[wtrrri:itzv. on lntaginary creature who is
`able to violate the scconti law oi‘ tlIcn11odynitmit:s_ which .-ttatcs that it
`is
`not possible for entropy to dc-crcuse in an isoiutctl system with no heat
`tt'HIiSfBl‘. The demon controls ii Liny door in an adiabatic wall between
`two gas—fi||cd vcsscls oi‘ the sarnc tcmpcraturc; it opens and clo.-acs the
`door so as to ccutccntrotc faster (and hotter) molecules in one vcssci anti
`slower {and colder) ones in the other. thus decreasing the total entropy
`ofthc system. (Natncti for thc .‘ic‘.ottisit pitysicist Jrtnics Cl_ct'k Mu_x'ii-r.'li.)
`damonophobla P.t'yc'ln:frrg_ir. an irrational fear of tlcntons and dcvils.
`Also, dt.-rnonia. dcntonumimin.
`Demon Star sec 2’-\l.(:0t..
`dernophobla ii‘.r}rcitrwi’o,tt_v. an in'tttt'on:1i fctir tJi’ut‘owtis.
`De Morgan. Augustus
`|llt_i6—iii7l. Etiglislt tn:uitcn|atici:tn; wmtc
`major theoretical works on ztritlnnctic, algebra. trigonornetry, and logic.
`De lltiorgan‘s laws ;i»i'tiilttwiuo'c.t'. I. thcorcms in symbolic logic thztt
`cxptcss thc intcntction of thc Boolean opctmors AND, OR. ‘.tll(i NOT. in
`purticulttr. for statotncttts p and gr. (i) NO'l'p AND NOTq = NO‘l'tp OR
`qt):
`:ll'l(l (ii) N()Tp OR NO’i'q = N0'i‘(p AND oi. Writtcn syinlioiic.:tt|y,
`(ii _p A _q 2 "(Jo v o); £lJ‘tt.i (ii) __p v _: : _(p A (,1), respectively. Also, Dc
`Morgtin’.-.‘ rules. 2. :ntnlognus thcorctns in :tt:| tiicory iiliti citprcss the in-
`teraction of tin: sot tlicorcttc opcnttiotts of tuition. intciscctitiit. anti cum-
`plcmcnt. in pttrticnlair, for .'it‘t.\‘ .4 anti 8. ti} :1’ r‘: B’ = (A u Bl’: anti (ii)
`A‘ UR’: in nit)’.
`De Morgan's test Merritt-iitrrtit.‘.i'. a iii.‘-‘i for ct'.tnvcrgct1cc ol' Ilic scrics
`Z:'_|
`it” used Wilcli Ihc ratio tcst tliils:
`t'.t:.. vvltcn lintn_m ltiflfltin ll : l.
`The series CtII‘lVtl'l'g(2i4 ahsolutcly if li'tUi't.‘ exists :1 positive root tinnihcr .9
`:~'l1L‘ltIliiIlllI'I]SLI|}ll't(itirr.I"rt'"_Ji-
`ill = —l -2‘.
`do-morphism sue l-'ir'I:.-\Tllt;'lil.'\'ti.
`
`Ciendrita
`(I class oi” sponge,~,- with ,
`Demosponglae lntrrrtr-'l:i‘itttr Zou!og_t,'.
`toll of spongin i'il.1crs aiottu or in Cfl1'1'li.‘ill;liion with siiicztccous .;‘l-““‘r:|t._
`including t..‘Dllll11Ul‘L'ifii.\'|TN)ilg€S.
`‘
`demuunl CtJ'Ht_fJl'li't"l" T't'citiir:lt:;,-y. to rcnttivc it Iupc rccl or disk r
`r‘’”‘ it,
`tlrivc.
`clemountable pack (',‘riui,otitc.i. ‘l"et'itnology. a rctnovahlc disk pack
`dc-mountable tube l';‘lt.'t.'ri'::un:.i'. nn clcctron tubc that can he I);
`'_
`tiisusscnibicd for inspection and rcpiaccntcnt t)t'ciccIrotlcia.
`Wally
`Dempsier, Arthur J.
`I886 l9Sli. Can:tdi:In—lJorn Aincrican phv, _
`cicvciopcti at mass s]'JcCtr0gt'tlpll; (ii.*.iL‘.t;t\-"(:l'(£(l ttrz:niun1—235_
`' mist;
`Dumpster-Sharer theory .4:-rtfn-tilt Iiircttigt-iii.-e. ti theory orrcm _
`undcr nriccrtniitty in which probability is assigned to subsets of u,c”"‘£-
`vcrsc oi‘ possible outcomes. l'flIll£‘-t' than only to individuat utnmmcq "Ut-
`DEMS digital cicctronic ntesitagc system (service).
`"‘
`demultlptexer EIt:r.':mni'c.r.-.
`ii device that is designer] to mpamt,-_. Si
`prcviously cotnbinctl by it multipicxcr and transmitted over 3 sf -
`citztnncl.
`demultlplexlng circuit Eiccn~pnt't.'.i'.
`it circuit that acts as it (iemwu
`picitcr.
`damustardization 'l‘a.tirrotr;g,-y, thc trcatmcnt of poisoning due to {gym
`sure to muslarti gas.
`Demyanov rearrangement 0t‘gottt'.r: ("‘)'l£.’l'l'l't'.iv(ttty‘
`tilt: cxpan.g;,,E dr-
`shrinking of it cyclic amine by trcattttcnt with nitrous acid.
`dentyolinatlon .tJrtrt'1o.’o_t:y.
`thc loss or tiblitcrtttiott of myc|jn_ 3 fatty.
`ntotcriztl containing cholesterol. from the covcring oi" tltc peript-Mr.“
`ncrvc.
`'
`DEN Atrioriott. thc airport cotic for Staploton lntct'nitlion:ti. Dcnvc;-_ {g,_.,l_.
`onttio.
`denaturant Clnrrrtt‘.mj'. it sulistztncc used to dottaturc a product sut:tyg,
`alcohol. ti}:-gmitr Cizciriimy.
`:1 stthsrancc, such its an organic solve“,
`tictcrgcnt. or concentrated tires.
`that convcrts :1 protein into at random
`coil by btcnkittg its tlisuliidc britigcs. Niu.'h:rmt'c.r. a ttonlissilc material
`aictrlctl in low conccntration to rt fissile isotope of the some element in
`order to render ti I‘t::iC[t_1l' fucl unsuitathic for use as :1 weapons mntctia}.
`ccss.
`without it difficult isotope .-aepamtion or other physical or chemiciil pro-'
`denaturatlon C.‘i'tcint'.rti-y.
`the process of denaturing a stibsttittttiz.
`Mutracu!ro- Bin.-’rigy. any process in which the molecular structure of 3
`sttitstancc, cspccittlly that of a protein or nucleic acitl. is itt1iiicirtlI_v'iii-
`tcred using hcztt, rncliation. or an ztcitlic solution, in order to ciintitnttc o_r,
`n1otiit’y out: or mob: of its cliarztctcristic chemical, physical. or b'iolug'i-
`cal properties: the |)I‘i'.JL‘C.‘i.‘{ usually involves thc breaking oi‘ ltytlrogen
`bonds.
`denaturation of DNA sci: DNA MI-1t.'J’IN(i.
`denature C‘luzn:i.-nr_v. to add it clicnticai substatncc to :1 product to namlcr
`it unplcitsuttt or unlit for lntnian consumption. so that thc product tlifli’
`bc ttscti cxcittslvciy for other purposes. Bt'oc!t.~wtt'.rrry.
`to cliangc lI‘l'¢‘
`vcrsibiy thc structure or ctinftimitition. tutti thus thc solubility and other
`proponics, of .1 protein by hcating. stinking, or treating with ztciri. =l”“"l"
`or other spccics.
`c'tnrmi'.n:-y. ethyl utcotiot to wtiictt anoiticr sult-
`denatured alcohol
`sntncc, such as methyl alcohol, ltas been added to nnikc it until hit '15‘:
`us it i1C'v'Cl'il_l_l_t‘..
`_
`denatured protein Bio:‘lion-in-tij_v.
`it protein having t:ut‘oItlcd til‘ fl‘-"“"'
`tiered polypeptide chttins, which ucmlcr the I'|'l0ii3L‘i.llL‘
`lcss so|uiJi9 3"
`usually nonlunctionttl.
`_
`denaturlze Cite-vnt'.i’o-y. to stthjcct to tit:I1tli.lIritll0l‘t.
`I
`}
`DENDHAL zirtt'ft'ct'oI httt'it’t'.r:ctu:t:. an expert systcrtt
`that t|i$t'-”"'”'fl‘
`most likely tnoicculnr S[l'lJL7llJl‘t.'- aunt atotnic composition lmscti UT!
`'."“"1_
`spct:tron'tciric datzt anti built-in chcmicai loiowicdgc; clcvciopcti at 51.5;
`ford University for ttsc in thc clicnticttl industry. Also, ttt5unir:"|'I‘3 '“"
`DRAL.
`.1“
`dendraxon N:*ni'ot’o_l.’.i'. 5| ncrvc coll whosc axon |!t'tttu.:itc'.s inttt lclm"
`t'il:irtu:nts itnntctiitttcly after leaving its pttI't:tl1t:L’ll.
`‘.
`..
`_
`.
`.
`.
`__
`,.
`.
`..
`;’tt't1i--
`dendrl- or denclr-
`It conihttttng ltsmi rncantug trcc.
`its ill Elli“
`dent-lmnt.
`"1'-“F1
`dendrlceptor N:*tn‘r:tt=g_i'.
`at rcccplivc point at on L'.I'l[l oi” the i-“'““''“_ H";
`prticcssos oi'a dc-ttttritc where it can ontcr into contact with anti ii‘? "i
`ulattctl by tho intuit t.'titiil'ig3\' ol'otltcr neurons.
`_ “G”.
`dendrite Ncto'rriu,r,J_1'.
`.1 hrttttcliliiic {.‘.‘(iL".IlSit'iIl of the cytoplasm til
`'1.Tm..
`run‘. coniposing I‘llt't.\'l oi’ thc Itctit‘tIn's rcccptivc surfttcc, t'lcntit'it-:5 “':q'l___.‘_
`llitf n.mn.-;
`in stt'tIcIttt'o bttt pt'.ncr:tIly cxtcnti into trcciikc l"'",L:c'.'£.
`-.t
`t-spccinlly in n:t.t|tIpoI.'n itcitt-tn1s_ Also.
`titentitttiot. Mrin':n'att'.\' -"T“‘”|L']Ilti
`small soiiti lJl'(tittl'tE‘.l'tIlIL‘t.' that l'tntn.s nt thc intcrlacc lactvvt.-cu it -ml" '
`.1 liquid.
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1008 - Page 3
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1008 - Page 3