INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
`
`,78(cid:16)7
`
`TELECOMMUNICATION
`STANDARDIZATION SECTOR
`OF ITU
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`(07/95)
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`
`(Previously “CCITT Recommendation”)
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1007 - Page 1
`
`

`
`FOREWORD
`
`the field of
`in
`the United Nations Specialized Agency
`is
`ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
`telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU.
`Some 179 member countries, 84 telecom operating entities, 145 scientific and industrial organizations and
`38 international organizations participate in ITU-T which is the body which sets world telecommunications standards
`(Recommendations).
`
`The approval of Recommendations by the Members of ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC
`Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, 1993). In addition, the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC),
`which meets every four years, approves Recommendations submitted to it and establishes the study programme for the
`following period.
`
`In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T’s purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a
`collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. The text of ITU-T Recommendation H.222.0 was approved on 10th of July 1995.
`The identical text is also published as ISO/IEC International Standard 13818-1.
`
`___________________
`
`In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication
`administration and a recognized operating agency.
`
`NOTE
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
`mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU.
`
` ITU 1996
`
`ASUS Exhibit 1007 - Page 2
`
`ª
`

`
`ISO/IEC 13818-1 : 1996 (E)
`ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 (1995 E)
`
`CONTENTS
`
`Summary....................................................................................................................................................................
`Introduction................................................................................................................................................................
`Intro. 1
`Transport Stream ...........................................................................................................................
`Intro. 2
`Program Stream .............................................................................................................................
`Intro. 3 Conversion between Transport Stream and Program Stream ........................................................
`Intro. 4
`Packetized Elementary Stream ......................................................................................................
`Intro. 5
`Timing model.................................................................................................................................
`Intro. 6 Conditional access .........................................................................................................................
`Intro. 7 Multiplex-wide operations.............................................................................................................
`Intro. 8
`Individual stream operations (PES Packet Layer) .........................................................................
`Intro. 8.1 Demultiplexing..........................................................................................................
`Intro. 8.2
`Synchronization.........................................................................................................
`Intro. 8.3
`Relation to compression layer ...................................................................................
`System reference decoder ..............................................................................................................
`Intro. 9
`Intro. 10 Applications...................................................................................................................................
`SECTION 1 – GENERAL ......................................................................................................................................
`1.1
`Scope ...................................................................................................................................................
`1.2
`Normative references ..........................................................................................................................
`1.3
`Identical Recommendations | International Standards.........................................................................
`1.4
`Additional references ..........................................................................................................................
`SECTION 2 – TECHNICAL ELEMENTS ...........................................................................................................
`2.1
`Definitions...........................................................................................................................................
`2.2
`Symbols and abbreviations..................................................................................................................
`2.2.1
`Arithmetic operators..........................................................................................................
`2.2.2
`Logical operators...............................................................................................................
`2.2.3
`Relational operators...........................................................................................................
`2.2.4
`Bitwise operators...............................................................................................................
`2.2.5
`Assignment........................................................................................................................
`2.2.6
`Mnemonics ........................................................................................................................
`2.2.7
`Constants ...........................................................................................................................
`2.3 Method of describing bit stream syntax ..............................................................................................
`2.4
`Transport Stream bitstream requirements............................................................................................
`2.4.1
`Transport Stream coding structure and parameters ...........................................................
`2.4.2
`Transport Stream system target decoder ...........................................................................
`2.4.3
`Specification of the Transport Stream syntax and semantics ............................................
`2.4.3.1
`Transport Stream ............................................................ ................................
`2.4.3.2
`Transport Stream packet layer.........................................................................
`2.4.3.3
`Semantic definition of fields in Transport Stream packet layer ......................
`2.4.3.4
`Adaptation field...............................................................................................
`2.4.3.5
`Semantic definition of fields in adaptation field .............................................
`2.4.3.6
`PES packet.......................................................................................................
`2.4.3.7
`Semantic definition of fields in PES packet ....................................................
`2.4.3.8
`Carriage of Program Streams and ISO/IEC 11172-1 Systems streams in the
`Transport Stream .............................................................................................
`Program specific information ............................................................................................
`2.4.4.1
`Pointer .............................................................................................................
`2.4.4.2
`Semantics definition of fields in pointer syntax ..............................................
`2.4.4.3
`Program association Table ..............................................................................
`2.4.4.4
`Table_id assignments ......................................................................................
`2.4.4.5
`Semantic definition of fields in program association section..........................
`2.4.4.6
`Conditional access Table.................................................................................
`2.4.4.7
`Semantic definition of fields in conditional access section .............................
`2.4.4.8
`Program Map Table.........................................................................................
`
`2.4.4
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`2.5
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`2.6
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`2.5.4
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`2.5.5
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`2.5.3
`
`Semantic definition of fields in Transport Stream program map section ........
`2.4.4.9
`Syntax of the Private section ...........................................................................
`2.4.4.10
`Semantic definition of fields in private section ...............................................
`2.4.4.11
`Program Stream bitstream requirements .............................................................................................
`2.5.1
`Program Stream coding structure and parameters.............................................................
`2.5.2
`Program Stream system target decoder .............................................................................
`2.5.2.1
`System clock frequency...................................................................................
`2.5.2.2
`Input to the Program Stream system target decoder........................................
`2.5.2.3
`Buffering .........................................................................................................
`2.5.2.4
`PES streams.....................................................................................................
`2.5.2.5
`Decoding and presentation ..............................................................................
`Specification of the Program Stream syntax and semantics..............................................
`2.5.3.1
`Program Stream...............................................................................................
`2.5.3.2
`Semantic definition of fields in Program Stream ............................................
`2.5.3.3
`Pack layer of Program Stream.........................................................................
`2.5.3.4
`Semantic definition of fields in program stream pack.....................................
`2.5.3.5
`System header..................................................................................................
`2.5.3.6
`Semantic definition of fields in system header................................................
`2.5.3.7
`Packet layer of Program Stream ......................................................................
`Program Stream map .........................................................................................................
`2.5.4.1
`Syntax of Program Stream map.......................................................................
`2.5.4.2
`Semantic definition of fields in Program Stream map.....................................
`Program Stream directory..................................................................................................
`2.5.5.1
`Syntax of Program Stream directory packet....................................................
`2.5.5.2
`Semantic definition of fields in Program Stream directory .............................
`Program and program element descriptors..........................................................................................
`2.6.1
`Semantic definition of fields in program and program element descriptors......................
`2.6.2
`Video stream descriptor.....................................................................................................
`2.6.3
`Semantic definitions of fields in video stream descriptor .................................................
`2.6.4
`Audio stream descriptor ....................................................................................................
`2.6.5
`Semantic definition of fields in audio stream descriptor ...................................................
`2.6.6
`Hierarchy descriptor ..........................................................................................................
`2.6.7
`Semantic definition of fields in hierarchy descriptor ........................................................
`2.6.8
`Registration descriptor ......................................................................................................
`2.6.9
`Semantic definition of fields in registration descriptor .....................................................
`2.6.10
`Data stream alignment descriptor......................................................................................
`2.6.11
`Semantics of fields in data stream alignment descriptor ...................................................
`2.6.12
`Target background grid descriptor ....................................................................................
`2.6.13
`Semantics of fields in target background grid descriptor ..................................................
`2.6.14
`Video window descriptor ..................................................................................................
`2.6.15
`Semantic definition of fields in video window descriptor.................................................
`2.6.16
`Conditional access descriptor ............................................................................................
`2.6.17
`Semantic definition of fields in conditional access descriptor ..........................................
`2.6.18
`ISO 639 language descriptor .............................................................................................
`2.6.19
`Semantic definition of fields in ISO 639 language descriptor...........................................
`2.6.20
`System clock descriptor.....................................................................................................
`2.6.21
`Semantic definition of fields in system clock descriptor...................................................
`2.6.22
`Multiplex buffer utilization descriptor ..............................................................................
`2.6.23
`Semantic definition of fields in multiplex buffer utilization descriptor ............................
`2.6.24
`Copyright descriptor..........................................................................................................
`2.6.25
`Semantic definition of fields in copyright descriptor ........................................................
`2.6.26
`Maximum bitrate descriptor ..............................................................................................
`2.6.27
`Semantic definition of fields in maximum bitrate descriptor ............................................
`2.6.28
`Private data indicator descriptor........................................................................................
`2.6.29
`Semantic definition of fields in Private data indicator descriptor .....................................
`2.6.30
`Smoothing buffer descriptor..............................................................................................
`2.6.31
`Semantic definition of fields in smoothing buffer descriptor............................................
`2.6.32
`STD descriptor ..................................................................................................................
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`ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 (1995 E)
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`ASUS Exhibit 1007 - Page 4
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`

`
`2.7
`
`Semantic definition of fields in STD descriptor................................................................
`2.6.33
`IBP descriptor....................................................................................................................
`2.6.34
`Semantic definition of fields in IBP descriptor .................................................................
`2.6.35
`Restrictions on the multiplexed stream semantics...............................................................................
`2.7.1
`Frequency of coding the system clock reference...............................................................
`2.7.2
`Frequency of coding the program clock reference ............................................................
`2.7.3
`Frequency of coding the elementary stream clock reference ............................................
`2.7.4
`Frequency of presentation timestamp coding....................................................................
`2.7.5
`Conditional coding of timestamps.....................................................................................
`2.7.6
`Timing constraints for scalable coding..............................................................................
`2.7.7
`Frequency of coding P-STD_buffer_size in PES packet headers .....................................
`2.7.8
`Coding of system header in the Program Stream ..............................................................
`2.7.9
`Constrained system parameter Program Stream................................................................
`2.7.10
`Transport Stream ...............................................................................................................
`Compatibility with ISO/IEC 11172.....................................................................................................
`2.8
`Annex A – CRC Decoder Model .............................................................................................................................
`A.0
`CRC decoder model ............................................................................................................................
`Annex B – Digital Storage Medium Command and Control (DSM-CC) ................................................................
`B.0
`Introduction .........................................................................................................................................
`B.0.1
`Purpose ..............................................................................................................................
`B.0.2
`Future applications ............................................................................................................
`B.0.3
`Benefits .............................................................................................................................
`B.0.4
`Basic functions ..................................................................................................................
`B.0.4.1
`Stream selection ..............................................................................................
`B.0.4.2
`Retrieval ..........................................................................................................
`B.0.4.3
`Storage.............................................................................................................
`B.1 General elements .................................................................................................................................
`B.1.1
`Scope .................................................................................................................................
`B.1.2
`Overview of the DSM-CC application ..............................................................................
`B.1.3
`The transmission of DSM-CC commands and acknowledgments ....................................
`Technical elements ..............................................................................................................................
`B.2.1
`Definitions.........................................................................................................................
`B.2.2
`Specification of DSM-CC syntax......................................................................................
`B.2.3
`Semantics of fields in specification of DSM-CC syntax ...................................................
`B.2.4
`Control layer......................................................................................................................
`B.2.5
`Semantics of fields in control layer ...................................................................................
`B.2.6
`Acknowledgment layer......................................................................................................
`B.2.7
`Semantics of fields in acknowledgment layer ...................................................................
`B.2.8
`Time code..........................................................................................................................
`B.2.9
`Semantics of fields in time code........................................................................................
`Annex C – Program Specific Information ...............................................................................................................
`C.0
`Explanation of Program Specific Information in Transport Streams ..................................................
`C.1
`Introduction .........................................................................................................................................
`C.2
`Functional Mechanism ........................................................................................................................
`C.3
`The Mapping of Sections into Transport Stream Packets ...................................................................
`C.4
`Repetition Rates and Random Access.................................................................................................
`C.5 What is a Program? .............................................................................................................................
`C.6 Allocation of program_number ...........................................................................................................
`C.7 Usage of PSI in a Typical System .......................................................................................................
`C.8
`The Relationships of PSI Structures....................................................................................................
`C.8.1
`Program Association Table ...............................................................................................
`C.8.2
`Program Map Table...........................................................................................................
`C.8.3
`Conditional Access Table..................................................................................................
`C.8.4
`Network Information Table...............................................................................................
`C.8.5
`Private_section()................................................................................................................
`C.8.6
`Descriptors ........................................................................................................................
`
`B.2
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`ASUS Exhibit 1007 - Page 5
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`

`
`C.9
`
`Bandwidth Utilization and Signal Acquisition Time...........................................................................
`
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`D.0
`
`Annex D – Systems Timing Model and Application Implications of this Recommendation | International
`Standard.................................................................................................................................................
`Introduction .........................................................................................................................................
`D.0.1
`Timing Model....................................................................................................................
`D.0.2
`Audio and Video Presentation Synchronization................................................................
`D.0.3
`System Time Clock recovery in the decoder.....................................................................
`D.0.4
`SCR and PCR Jitter ...........................................................................................................
`D.0.5
`Clock Recovery in the Presence of Network Jitter............................................................
`D.0.6
`System clock used for chroma sub-carrier generation.......................................................
`D.0.7
`Component video and audio reconstruction ......................................................................
`D.0.8
`Frame Slipping ..................................................................................................................
`D.0.9
`Smoothing of network jitter ..............................................................................................
`
`Annex E – Data Transmission Applications............................................................................................................
`E.0
`General considerations ........................................................................................................................
`E.1
`Suggestion ...........................................................................................................................................
`
`Annex F – Graphics of Syntax for this Recommendation | International Standard.................................................
`F.0
`Introduction .........................................................................................................................................
`F.0.1
`Transport Stream syntax....................................................................................................
`F.0.2
`PES packet.........................................................................................................................
`F.0.3
`Program Association Section ............................................................................................
`F.0.4
`CA section .........................................................................................................................
`F.0.5
`TS program map section....................................................................................................
`F.0.6
`Private section ...................................................................................................................
`F.0.7
`Program Stream.................................................................................................................
`F.0.8
`Program Stream map .........................................................................................................
`
`Annex G – General Information ..............................................................................................................................
`G.0 General Information ............................................................................................................................
`G.0.1
`Sync Byte Emulation.........................................................................................................
`G.0.2
`Skipped picture status and decoding process ....................................................................
`G.0.3
`Selection of PID Values ....................................................................................................
`G.0.4
`PES start_code emulation..................................................................................................
`
`Annex H – Private Data ...........................................................................................................................................
`H.0
`Private Data .........................................................................................................................................
`
`Annex I – Systems conformance and real-time interface .......................................................................................
`I.0
`Systems conformance and real-time interface.....................................................................................
`
`Annex J – Interfacing Jitter-Inducing Networks to MPEG-2 Decoders .................................................................
`J.0
`Introduction .........................................................................................................................................
`J.1
`Network compliance models ...............................................................................................................
`J.2
`Network specification for jitter smoothing..........................................................................................
`J.3
`Example decoder implementations......................................................................................................
`J.3.1
`Network adapter followed by an MPEG-2 decoder ..........................................................
`J.3.2
`Integrated decoder .............................................................................................................
`
`Annex K – Splicing Transport Streams....................................................................................................................
`K.0
`Introduction .........................................................................................................................................
`K.1
`The different types of splicing point ...................................................................................................
`K.1.1
`Ordinary splicing points ....................................................................................................
`K.1.2
`Seamless splicing points....................................................................................................
`K.2 Decoder behaviour on splices..............................................................................................................
`K.2.1
`On non-seamless splices....................................................................................................
`K.2.2
`On seamless splices ...........................................................................................................
`K.2.3
`Buffer Overflow ................................................................................................................
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`ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 (1995 E)
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`ASUS Exhibit 1007 - Page 6
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`

`
`Summary
`
`This Recommendation | International Standard specifies generic methods for multimedia multiplexing, synchronization
`and timebase recovery. The specifications provide a packet based multimedia multiplexing where each elementary bit
`stream is segmented into Packetized Elementary Stream (PES), and then respective packets are multiplexed into either of
`the two streams: Program Stream (PS) which is a multiplex of variable length PES packets and designed for use in error
`free environments, Transport Stream (TS) which consists of 188 byte fixed length packets, has functionality of multiple
`program multiplexing as well as multiplexing of various PES packets and is designed for use in error prone
`environments. The multimedia synchronization and timebase recovery are achieved by time-stamps for system time
`clock and presentation/decoding.
`
`ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 (1995 E)
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`v
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`ASUS Exhibit 1007 - Page 7
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`

`
`Introduction
`
`The systems part of this Recommendation | International Standard addresses the combining of one or more elementary
`streams of video and audio, as well as other data, into single or multiple streams which are suitable for storage or
`transmission. Systems coding follows the syntactical and semantic rules imposed by this Specification and provides
`information to enable synchronized decoding of decoder buffers over a wide range of