(12) United States Patent
`Teller et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,073,707 B2
`*Dec. 6, 2011
`
`US008073707B2
`
`SYSTEM FOR DETECTING, MONITORING,
`AND REPORTING AN INDIVIDUAL’S
`PHYSIOLOGICAL OR CONTEXTUAL
`STATUS
`
`Inventors: Eric Teller, Pittsburgh, PA (US); John
`M. Stivoric, Pittsburgh, PA (US);
`Christopher D. Kasabach, Pittsburgh,
`PA (US); Christopher D. Pacionc,
`Pittsburgh, PA (US); John L. .\/Ioss,
`Monroeville, PA (US); Craig B. Liden,
`Sewickley, PA (US); Margaret A.
`McCormack, Pittsburgh, PA (US)
`
`Assignee: BodyMedia, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA (US)
`
`Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, tl1e ter111 of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 1304 days.
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`elaimer.
`
`11/247,049
`
`Oct. 11, 2005
`
`Prior Publication Data
`
`US 2006/0031102 A1
`
`Feb. 9, 2006
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`Continuation of application No. 09/595,660, filed on
`Jun. 16, 2000, now Pat. No. 7,689,437.
`
`Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`G06Q 50/00
`US. Cl.
`.......................................... .. 705/2; 600/300
`Field of Classification Search ................ .. 600/300,
`600/301, 365, 500, 509, 549; 705/2, 3, 1
`Sec application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
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`Primary Emminer — Gerald J. O’Connor
`Assistant Examiner — Natalie A Pass
`
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — GTC Law Group LLP &
`Afliliates; John A. Monocello, Ill
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`The invention is a system for detecting, monitoring, and
`reporting an individual’s physiological or contextual status.
`The system works deriving a physiological or contextual
`status parameter ofan individual using the system. The deri-
`vation utilizes two sensed parameters of the individual. The
`system is able to present the derived parameter in relation to
`any other sensed parameters, entered information, life activi-
`ties data, or other derived data.
`
`24 Claims, 11 Drawing Sheets
`
`1|:I_... .....
`1....
`
`/15!)
`
`—-~———--————-————___.-__.:,_____
`
`User Location
`
`“S;
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`The Internet.
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`Your Health Manager
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`CLnan, Dali
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`161:mysma
`1566 --
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`US 8,073,707 B2
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`(Dec. 3, 1998).
`“Industrial Micro-Foil Heat Flux Sensor” RdF Corporation
`Datasheet No. HFS—B, (Oct. 1995).
`“Industrial/Commercial Micro-Foil Heat Flux Sensor”, RdF Corpo-
`ration Catalog No. HFS—C, (Dec. 1999).
`“Jenny Craig Weight Loss Programs”,
`(2004).
`“Lightweight Ambulatory Physiological Monitoring System”, Ames
`Research Center Moflett Field, CA.
`“Matsushita Home Health Check System”, The Nihon Keizai
`Shimbun, (Dec. 17, 1998).
`“Micro-Foil Heat Flux Sensors”, RdF Corporation Datasheet No.
`HFS—A, (Mar. 1998).
`“Nearer to the Heart”, Brianna Krebs Washington Post, (Jan. 17,
`1999).
`“Personal Health Monitor for Homes”, Timo Tuomisto & Vesa
`Pentikainen, ERCIM News, 29, (Apr. 1997).
`“Portable Sensor Provides Remote monitoring of Heart”, Nikkei
`Weekbz, (Oct. 27, 1998).
`“Smart T-Shirt”, Georgia Institute of Technology Press Release,
`Georgia Tech, (Nov. 14, 1997).
`
`“The Complete Nutrition & Weight Management Solution Based on
`Your Unique metabolic Fingerprint & Goals”, FitDa [www.fitday.
`com], (2004).
`“THERM-A-GAP”, Chomerics Technical Bulletin, 70, (1999).
`“Warfighter Physiological Status Monitoring” MOMRP Fact Sheet
`No. 6, USAMRMC, www.momrp.org, (1999).
`“Weight Watchers TurnAround”,
`[www.weightwatchers.com],
`(2004).
`“What is FitDay?”, [www.fitday.com], (2004).
`Henshaw, D , “The H.J. Andrews Climatological Field Measurement
`program”, www.fsl.orst.edu, (Aug. 9, 1997).
`Rennie, K. , et al., “A Combined Heart Rate and Movement Sensor:
`Proof of Concept and Preliminary Testing Study”, (2000).
`Young, Kent , “Thermal Gap Fillers”, [www.chomerics.com], (Feb.
`6, 2001).
`Military Operational Medicine Research Program. [Retrieved on
`May 5, 2003]. Retrieved from Internet. URL: <http://www.momrp.
`org/publications/WPSM.pdf>.
`“Ironman Speed Distance System—Once Again Timex Revolution-
`izes the Sportwatch”, (downloaded from www.timex.com), Timex,
`Jan. 8, 2002.
`Response filed with the European Patent Oflice on Jul. 4, 2011 in
`European Patent Application No. 05077625.1.
`
`Page 4 of 27
`
`Page 4 of 27
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 6, 2011
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`Page 11 of 27
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`Dec. 6, 2011
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 6, 2011
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`Sheet 10 of 11
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`Dec. 6, 2011
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`Sheet 11 of 11
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`Page 15 of 27
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`Page 15 of 27
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`
`
`
`

`
`US 8,073,707 B2
`
`1
`SYSTEM FOR DETECTING, MONITORING,
`AND REPORTING AN INDIVIDUAL’S
`PHYSIOLOGICAL OR CONTEXTUAL
`STATUS
`
`RELATED APPLICATION DATA
`
`This patent application is a continuation of U.S. applica-
`tion Ser. No. 09/595,660 filed Jun. 16, 2000, now issued as
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,689,437 and owned by the assignee of the
`present application.
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention relates to a system for monitoring
`health, wellness and fitness, and in particular, to a system for
`collecting and storing at a remote site data relating to an
`individual’s physiological state, lifestyle, and various contex-
`tual parameters, and making such data and analytical infor-
`mation based on such data available to the individual, prefer-
`ably over an electronic network.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`Research has shown that a large number of the top health
`problems in society are either caused in whole or in part by an
`unhealthy lifestyle. More and more, our society requires
`people to lead fast-paced, achievement-oriented lifestyles
`that often result in poor eating habits, high stress levels, lack
`of exercise, poor sleep habits and the inability to find the time
`to center the mind and relax. Recognizing this fact, people are
`becoming increasingly interested in establishing a healthier
`lifestyle.
`Traditional medicine, embodied in the form of an HMO or
`similar organizations, does not have the time, the training, or
`the reimbursement mechanism to address the needs of those
`
`individuals interested in a healthier lifestyle. There have been
`several attempts to meet the needs of these individuals,
`including a profusion of fitness programs and exercise equip-
`ment, dietary plans, self-help books, alternative therapies,
`and most recently, a plethora of health information web sites
`on the Internet. Each of these attempts is targeted to empower
`the individual to take charge and get healthy. Each of these
`attempts, however, addresses only part of the needs of indi-
`viduals seeking a healthier lifestyle and ignores many of the
`real barriers that most individuals face when trying to adopt a
`healthier lifestyle. These barriers include the fact that the
`individual is often left to himself or herselfto find motivation,
`to implement a plan for achieving a healthier lifestyle, to
`monitor progress, and to brainstorm solutions when problems
`arise; the fact that existing programs are directed to only
`certain aspects of a healthier lifestyle, and rarely come as a
`complete package; and the fact that recommendations are
`often not targeted to the unique characteristics of the indi-
`vidual or his life circumstances.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`A system is disclosed for detecting, monitoring and report-
`ing human physiological information. The system includes a
`sensor device which generates at least one of data indicative
`of one or more physiological parameters and derived data
`from at least a portion of the data indicative of one or more
`physiological parameters when placed in proximity with at
`least a portion of the human body. The system also includes a
`central monitoring unit
`located remote from the sensor
`device. The central monitoring unit generates analytical sta-
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`2
`tus data from at least one of the data indicative of one or more
`
`physiological parameters, the derived data, and analytical
`status data that has previously been generated. The central
`monitoring unit also includes a data storage device for retriev-
`ably storing the data it receives and generates. The disclosed
`system also includes means for establishing electronic com-
`munication between the sensor device and the central moni-
`
`toring unit. Examples may include various known types of
`long range wireless transmission devices, or a physical or a
`short range wireless coupling to a computer which in mm
`establishes electronic communication with the central moni-
`
`toring unit over an electronic network such as the Internet.
`Also included in the system is a means for transmitting the
`data indicative of one or more physiological parameters, the
`derived data, and/or the analytical status data to a recipient,
`such as the individual or a third party authorized by the
`individual.
`
`Also disclosed is a method of detecting, monitoring and
`reporting human physiological
`information. The method
`includes generating at least one of data indicative of one or
`more physiological parameters of an individual and derived
`data from at least a portion of the data indicative of one or
`more physiological parameters using a sensor device adapted
`to be placed in proximity with at least a portion of the human
`body. The at least one of the data indicative of one or more
`physiological parameters and the derived data are transmitted
`to a central monitoring unit remote from said sensor device
`and retrievably stored in a storage device. Analytical status
`data is generated from at least a portion of at least one of the
`data indicative of one or more physiological parameters, the
`derived data and the analytical status data, and at least one of
`the data indicative of one or more physiological parameters,
`the derived data and the analytical status data is transmitted to
`a recipient.
`The sensor device includes one or more sensors for gener-
`ating signals in response to physiological characteristics of
`the individual. The sensor device may also include a proces-
`sor that is adapted to generate the data indicative of one or
`more physiological parameters from the signals generated by
`the one or more sensors. The processor may also be adapted to
`generate the derived data. Alternatively, the derived data may
`be generated by the central monitoring unit.
`The central monitoring unit may be adapted to generate
`one or more web pages containing the data indicative of one
`or more physiological parameters, the derived data, and/or the
`analytical status data. The web pages generated by the central
`monitoring unit are accessible by the recipient over an elec-
`tronic network, such as the Internet. Alternatively, the data
`indicative of one or more physiological parameters,
`the
`derived data, and/or the analytical status data may be trans-
`mitted to the recipient in a physical form such as mail or
`facsimile.
`
`The system and method may also obtain life activities data
`of the individual and may use such life activities data when
`generating the analytical status data. Furthermore, the sensor
`device may also be adapted to generate data indicative of one
`or more contextual parameters of the individual. The system
`and method may then use the data indicative of one or more
`contextual parameters when generating the analytical status
`data.
`
`Also disclosed is a system for monitoring the degree to
`which an individual has followed a suggested routine. The
`system includes a sensor device adapted to generate at least
`one of data indicative of one or more physiological param-
`eters ofthe individual and derived data from at least a portion
`ofthe data indicative ofone or more physiological parameters
`when the sensor device is placed in proximity with at least a
`
`Page 16 of 27
`
`Page 16 of 27
`
`

`
`US 8,073,707 B2
`
`3
`portion of the human body. Also included is a means for
`transmitting the data that is generated by the sensor device to
`a central monitoring unit remote from the sensor device and
`means for providing life activities data ofthe individual to the
`central monitoring unit. The central monitoring unit
`is
`adapted to generate and provide feedback to a recipient relat-
`ing to the degree to which the individual has followed the
`suggested routine. The feedback is generated from at least a
`portion of at least one of the data indicative of one or more
`physiological parameters, the derived data, and the life activi-
`ties data.
`
`Also disclosed is a method of monitoring the degree to
`which an individual has followed a suggested routine. The
`method includes receiving, at a central monitoring unit, at
`least one of data indicative of one or more physiological
`parameters of said individual and derived data based on at
`least a portion of the data indicative of one or more physi-
`ological parameters, wherein the data indicative of one or
`more physiological parameters and the derived data are gen-
`erated by a sensor device when placed in proximity with at
`least a portion ofthe human body. Also received at the central
`monitoring unit is life activities data of the individual. The
`method further includes generating at the central monitoring
`unit feedback relating to the degree to which the individual
`has followed the suggested routine, the feedback being gen-
`erated from at least a portion of at least one of the data
`indicative of one or more physiological parameters of the
`individual, the derived data, and the life activities data, and
`providing the feedback to a recipient.
`The suggested routine may include a plurality of catego-
`ries, wherein the feedback is generated and provided with
`respect to each of the categories. Examples of the categories
`include nutrition, activity level, mind centering, sleep, and
`daily activities. The feedback may be provided in graphical
`form and may be contained in one or more web pages gener-
`ated by the central monitoring unit. Alternatively, the feed-
`back may be transmitted to the recipient in a physical form.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`Further features and advantages of the present invention
`will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed
`description ofthe present invention, taken in conjunction with
`the following drawings, in which like reference characters
`refer to like parts, and in which:
`FIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of a system for
`monitoring physiological data and lifestyle over an electronic
`network according to the present invention;
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the sensor
`device shown in FIG. 1;
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the central
`monitoring unit shown in FIG. 1;
`FIG. 4 is a block diagram ofan alternate embodiment ofthe
`central monitoring unit shown in FIG. 1;
`FIG. 5 is a representation of a preferred embodiment of the
`Health Manager web page according to an aspect of the
`present invention;
`FIG. 6 is a representation of a preferred embodiment of the
`nutrition web page according to an aspect of the present
`invention;
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`4
`
`FIG. 7 is a representation of a preferred embodiment ofthe
`activity level web page according to an aspect of the present
`invention;
`
`FIG. 8 is a representation of a preferred embodiment ofthe
`mind centering web page according to an aspect ofthe present
`invention;
`
`FIG. 9 is a representation of a preferred embodiment ofthe
`sleep web page according to an aspect of the present inven-
`tion;
`
`FIG. 10 is a representation of a preferred embodiment of
`the daily activities web page according to an aspect of the
`present invention; and
`
`FIG. 11 is a representation of a preferred embodiment of
`the Health Index web page according to an aspect of the
`present invention.
`
`DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENTS
`
`In general, according to the present invention, data relating
`to the physiological state, the lifestyle and certain contextual
`parameters of an individual is collected and transmitted,
`either subsequently or in real-time,
`to a site, preferably
`remote from the individual, where it
`is stored for later
`manipulation and presentation to a recipient, preferably over
`an electronic network such as the Internet. Contextual param-
`eters as used herein means parameters relating to the environ-
`ment, surroundings and location of the individual, including,
`but not limited to, air quality, sound quality, ambient tempera-
`ture, global positioning and the like. Referring to FIG. 1,
`located at user location 5 is sensor device 10 adapted to be
`placed in proximity with at least a portion of the human body.
`Sensor device 10 is preferably worn by an individual user on
`his or her body, for example as part of a garment such as a
`form fitting shirt, or as part of an arm band or the like. Sensor
`device 10, includes one or more sensors, which are adapted to
`generate signals in response to physiological characteristics
`of an individual, and a microprocessor. Proximity as used
`herein means that the sensors of sensor device 10 are sepa-
`rated from the individual’s body by a material or the like, or
`a distance such that the capabilities of the sensors are not
`impeded.
`Sensor device 10 generates data indicative of various
`physiological parameters of an individual, such as the indi-
`vidual’s heart rate, pulse rate, beat-to-beat heart variability,
`EKG or ECG, respiration rate, skin temperature, core body
`temperature, heat flow offthe body, galvanic skin response or
`GSR, EMG, EEG, EOG, blood pressure, body fat, hydration
`level, activity level, oxygen consumption, glucose or blood
`sugar level, body position, pressure on muscles or bones, and
`UV radiation absorption. In certain cases, the data indicative
`ofthe various physiological parameters is the signal or signals
`themselves generated by the one or more sensors and in
`certain other cases the data is calculated by the microproces-
`sorbased on the signal or signals generated by the one or more
`sensors. Methods for generating data indicative of various
`physiological parameters and sensors to be used therefor are
`well known. Table 1 provides several examples of such well
`known methods and shows the parameter in question, the
`method used, the sensor device used, and the signal that is
`generated. Table 1 also provides an indication as to whether
`further processing based on the generated signal is required to
`generate the data.
`
`Page 17 of 27
`
`Page 17 of 27
`
`

`
`US 8,073,707 B2
`
`TABLE 1
`
`Parameter
`
`Heart Rate
`Pulse Rate
`
`Beat-to-Beat
`Variability
`EKG
`
`Respiration Rate
`
`Skin Temperature
`
`Core Temperature
`
`Heat Flow
`Galvanic Skin
`Response
`EMG
`
`EEG
`
`EOG
`
`Blood Pressure
`
`Body Fat
`Activity in
`Interpreted G
`Shocks per Minute
`Oxygen
`Consumption
`Glucose Level
`Body Position (e. g.
`supine, erect,
`sitting)
`Muscle Pressure
`
`UV Radiation
`Absorption
`
`Method
`
`EKG
`BV ’
`
`Heart {ate
`
`Skin Surface
`Poten ials
`Chest Volume
`Change
`Surface
`Temperature
`Pro 3e
`Esophageal or
`Rectal ’robe
`Heat :lux
`Skin Conductance
`
`Skin Surface
`Poten ials
`Skin Surface
`Poten ials
`Eye Movement
`
`Non-Invasive
`Korotkuff Sounds
`Body Impedance
`Body Movement
`
`Sensor
`
`Signal
`
`2 Electrodes
`LED Emitter and
`Optical Sensor
`2 Electrodes
`
`3-10 Electrodes
`
`DC Voltage
`Change in Resistance
`
`DC Voltage
`
`DC Voltage
`
`Strain Gauge
`
`Change in Resistance
`
`Thennistors
`
`Change in Resistance
`
`Thennistors
`
`Change in Resistance
`
`Thermopile
`2 Electrodes
`
`3 Electrodes
`
`DC Voltage
`Change in Resistance
`
`DC Voltage
`
`Multiple Electrodes
`
`DC Voltage
`
`Thin Film
`Piezoelectric
`Sensors
`Electronic
`Sphygromarometer
`2 Active Electrodes
`Accelerometer
`
`DC Voltage
`
`Change in Resistance
`
`Change in Impedance
`DC Voltage,
`Capacitance