THE
`AMERICAN
`HERITAGE
`COLLEGE
`DICTIONARY
`
`THIRD EDITION
`
`-
`
`fr"
`
`;liil,n
`
`,*r
`
`Wr
`
`r,,
`
`{
`HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
`Boston . Neu York
`
`IPR2016-00456
`Diamond Grading Technologies
`Exhibit 2001
`
`

`
`'Vfords are included in this Dictionary on the basis of their
`usage. Words that are known to have current trademark reg-
`istrations are shown with an initial capital and are also iden-
`tified as trademarks. No investisation has been made of
`common-law trademark rights in any word, because such in-
`vestigation is impracticable. The inclusion of any word in this
`Dictionary is not, however, an expression of the Publisher's
`opinion as to whether or not it is subject to proprietary rights.
`Indeed, no definition in this Dictionary is to be regarded as
`affecting the validity of any trademark.
`American Heritage and the eagle logo are registered trade-
`marks of Forbes Inc. Their use is pursuant to a license agree-
`ment with Forbes Inc.
`Copyright @ 1,993 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
`All rights reserved.
`No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any
`form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
`photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or
`ietrieval system without the prior written permission of
`Houghton Mifflin Company unless such copying is expressly
`permitted by federal copyright law. Address inquiries to Ref-
`erence Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Company, 222Berkeley
`Street, Boston MA 02116.
`
`0-395-671.6L-2 (UPC)
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`The American heritage college dictionary. -3rd ed.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 0-395-669L7 0 (plain edge). -ISBN 0-395-44638-4
`(thumb edge). -ISBN 0-395-66918-9 (deluxe binding).
`1. English language-Dictionaries. 2. Americanisms.
`PE1"628.46227 1993
`423 -dc20
`
`92-42124
`CIP
`
`Manufactured in the United States of America
`
`For information about this and other Houghton Mifflin trade and
`reference books and multimedia products, vlslt The Bookstore at
`Houghton Milllin on theWorld Wide Web at (htrp:/hrvwhmco.com/trada4.
`
`

`
`1530
`
`wee
`W"l.*.
`
`M4il\-lll\>
`
`ryY:r:|]*
`weeplng wlllow
`Salix babylonia
`
`weevil
`Strawberry weevil
`Anthol1ofl6 signatils
`
`the first hour of the day named after it. This system was
`brousht into Hellenistic Eqvpt from Mesopotamia. In a.o.32l
`the E'mperor Constanriniilie Great grafied rhis asrrological
`system onto the Roman calendar, made rhe first day of this
`new week a day of rest and worship for all, and imposed the
`following sequence and names to rhe days of the week: Dies
`Solis, "Sun'sDay": DiEs Lunae, "Moon's Day"; Dies Martis'
`"Mars's Day"; Dies Mercurit, "Mercury's Day"; DiEs louis,
`"Jove's Day" or "Jupiter's Day"; Dies Veneris, "Yents's
`Dav", and'Diis Saiuini, "saturn's Dav." This new Roman
`"yri.. *"t adopred with modificationi throughour most of
`western Europe:-in the Cermanic languages, such as OId Eng-
`lish, the names of four of the Roman gods were converted
`into those of rhe corresponding Germanic gods. Therefore in
`Old English we have thi following names (with rheir Modern
`Englirlidevelopments): Sunnan1zg, Sunday Monandzg,
`Mondavr Ttwe;dep, Tuesdav (rhe god Tiu, like Mars. was a
`'war): \X/odiesdag, Wednesday (the god Voden, like
`god of
`I4.r.ury. *as quick and eloquenr); Tbunresdag, Thursday
`(the eod Thunoi in Old Enelih or Thor in Old Norse. like
`iupitir, was lord of rhe sky;-Old Norse Thorsdagr inflxnced
`lhi Enelish form): Fnsedps, Fridav (rhe goddess Frigg' like
`Venus.-was the goddesi of love); and Seternesdeg, Sarurday.
`wee (we) adi. wi.er, we'est. 1. Very small; riny. See Syns at
`smafl. Z. Very early: tbe wee bours of the morning' - n.
`Scots. A short time; a little bit. IME uei, we, a small amount,
`smalf < OE woge, we7, weighr. See weglt-*.1 . .
`weedl (wed) n.1.a. A plant considered undesirable. unattrac-
`tive. or troublesome, eip, one growing where it is not wanted,
`as in a garden. b. Rank gro*th of iuch plants 2. A warer
`olant. esp. seaweed.3' The Ieaves or stems ot a plant as drs-
`iineuished from the seeds: dill ueed.4. Something useless'
`detiimental, or worthless' esp. an animal unfit for breeding.
`5. Slans. a. Tobacco. b. A cigarette. c' Marituana - /.
`weed.ef, weed'ing, weeds. -tl. 1. To clear of weeds.
`2. To remove (weeds). Often used with oal.3. To eliminate as
`unsuitable or unwanted. Often used with out. - intr.'fo re'
`move weeds. IME < OE wEod,hetb, grass, weed.l
`weedz (wed) z.''|. A token of mourning, as a black band worn
`on a man's hat or sleeve. Z' weeds' The black mourning
`clothes of a widow.3. An article of clothing; a garment. Of-
`ten used in the plural. IME wede, garment < OE w-ad.l
`weed. er (wer der) z. Oni that removes weeds'
`weed.y (;crde) adj. -i.er, -i'est. 1. Full of or consisting,of
`weeds, a weedv lawn. 2. Resembling or characterisric of a
`weed: a weedi Dlant. 3. Of a scrrony build; spindly or
`sa*kv. -weeiri.lv adu. -weedti'ness n.
`w5ek twek) x- 1.a. A period of seven days: a week of rain'
`b. A seven-dav calendir period, esp. one srarting wirh Sunday
`and continuinq through Saturday: JErs weeh. 2-a. A week des-
`ienared by arievenrbr a holiday occurring withjn it' b. A
`ieek dedicated ro a particular cause or institution.3. The
`part of a calendar weeik devoted to work, school, or business:
`-worhinp
`a tbree-dav weeh. 4.a. One week from a specified
`day, I'ii see you Friday weeh. b. One week ago from a spec-
`ifi;d day: lt'was Fridiv week thtt we last met lME weke <
`.OE uiiu, See weik-z*.1
`week.day (wekrda') z. Any day of the week except Sunday, or
`ofren excepr Sarurday and Sunday.
`week.end (wekrEnd'i r. The end of the week, esp. rhe period
`from Friday evening through Sunday evening. - intr'u..-end'
`ed, -end. ing, -ends. To spend weekends or a weekend.
`week.end.ef (w€krEntder) z. 1. One who vacations or visits
`on a weekend. 2. A small suitcase or bag for carrying clothing
`and toiletries for a weekend.
`week.fong (wekrl6ngr, -I6ngt) adi. Continuing through the
`week: a weeklong conference.
`week.fV (wekrle) adu. 7. Once a week. 2. Every week. 3. By
`the week. - adi. 1. Ot or relating to a week. 2. Occurring,
`appearing, or done once a week oi every week.3. Computed
`by rhe wiek. - n., pl. -lies. A weekly publicaLion.
`weirk.night (wcktnii') z. A night oftie week exclusive of
`Saturday and Sunday,
`Weems (wemz), Mason Locke. "Parson Weems'" 7759-7825.
`Amer. cleric iinown for his fictionalized biography of George
`Washington (1800).
`ween (wc;) t/./. weened, ween'ing,weens, Arcbaic. To think;
`suppose. IME wenen 1 OE uEnan. See wen-1*.1
`weeii.ie (wcrne) n.7. Informal. A wiener. 2. S/azg. A person.
`isp. a man, who is regarded as being weak and ineffrctual.
`wed.ny (wcrnc) adj. -ni et -ni. est. Iifomal. Yery smalli tiny.
`[Perh. blend of we and mv.]
`w6ep (wep) r. wept (wEpt). weep. ing, w^eeps. - rr' 1. To shed
`(tears) as an expressron ot emotton. z. lo express grler or
`anguish forr lamenr.3. To bring to a specified condirion by
`weiping. 4. To exude or let fa-ll (dropl of liguid)' - intr.
`1. To express emotion, such as grief or sadness, by shedding
`tears, See Syns at cry. 2, To mourn or grieve. 3, To emit or run
`with drops'of liquii. - z. A period 6r fit of weeping. Often
`used in the plural. ME uepen < OE wepan-l
`weep.er (weipar) z. 1. One' that weeps. 2' A hired mourner.
`3. A badge of mouning, such as a black veil. 4. A hole or
`
`pipe in a wall to allow water to run 6ft.5, Informal. Ahighly
`ientimental artistic, cinematic, or dramatic work.
`z. lnfornal. A work, esp. a film or play, that
`weep.ie (w€rp€)
`is excessivelv senrimental,
`weep.ing (wErping) adl. 1. Shedding tears; tearful. 2. Dtop-
`oins rain.3. Havine slender drooping branches.
`wileo'inq willow z. A widelv culrivated deciduous rrce (Salix
`ba'byt6nicq) native to China'and having long slender drooping
`branches and narrow leaves.
`weeD.v (werDc) adi. -i.en -i.est. Weepins or inclined to weep.
`wee'.vil iweli'ai) ,. Ary of numerous beet-les oI rhe superfamily
`Curolionoidea, esp. the snout beetle, that have a downward-
`.curving snout and are destructive to nuts, fruits, stems, and
`roots. IME ueuel < OE uifel. See webh-*.]
`weft (w€ft) n- 7.a.The horizontal threads interlaced through
`the warD in a woven fabricl woof, b. Yarn used for the weft.
`2. Wovin fabric. [tr4E < OE wefta. See webh-*.]
`Wei (wa). Name of several Chinese dynasties ruling from e.o.
`220 ro 265 and 385 to 555.
`wei.qe.la (wls€rla,
`-ier-, wirir-) z. Any ofvarious deciduous
`shribs of rhe-genus Weigela of Asia, esp. V/- florida, widely
`cultivated for its pink, white, or red flowers' fNl-at., genus
`name, after C.E. \Veigel (1748-1831), German physician.l
`weighl (wa) ,. weighed, weigh.ing. welghs, -,t/. 1. To de-
`termrne rhe welghr ot by or as lI by uslng a scale or Dalance.
`(a certain quintity) by or as if by
`2. To measure o-r
`"ppotiion
`weiehr. Often used with out,3,a. fo balance in the mind in
`ordir to make a choice; ponder or evaluate..b. To choose
`carefully or deliberately. 4. Naut. To ra\se (anchor)' - intt.
`1. To be of a specific weight. 2. To have consequence or
`importance. See Syns at coun11. 3. To press heavily. Used with
`on or uponi Cuik weighed on him.4, Nau' To raise anchor.
`-ph@sal verDs, weigh down. 1. To cause to bend dom
`with added weight. 2. To burden o! oPPress. welgh in.
`1. SDotts. To be weished before or after an athledc contesu
`2. Tb have one's baglage weighed, as at an airport. 3' S/azg-
`To enter as a participant. IME ueien I OE wegan. Se
`wegh-*.] -weighrer u.
`weighz (wa) n. NauL \lay. Used in the phrase under weigh.
`fVar. of vat (influenced by wcnl).1
`waight (weo n.7.The relative heaviness of an object. 2. The
`force with which a body is attracted to Earth or another ce
`lestial body, equal to the product of the object's mass and thc
`acceleration of graviry. 3.a. A unit measure of gravitationa.l
`torce: a table o/ weiihts and measures b. A sysiem of sucl
`measures: auoiidupois weigbt.4, The measured heaviness oi
`a soecific obiect: a tuo-Dound weiPEt. 5. An obiecr used pri+
`cipillv ro exerr a force by virtue oi its gravitational anraitioo
`to'E"rth. .so., a. A met;llic solid used as a standard of cor
`parison in weighing. b, An object used to hold somerhing elst
`iown. c. A.o"urteibalance in a machine. d. Sporrs. A ['ear-r
`object, such as a dumbbell, lifted for exercise or in athleic
`compedtion. 6, Statistics. A factor assigned to a number in a
`computation, as in determining an average, to make the ntm
`ber's' effect on the computarioi reflect iti importance. 7. Bu-
`den; oppressiveness. S. The grearer part; preponderane
`9.a.'lnhuence, importance, or luthoriry. See-Syns at impcr'-
`tance, b. Ponderous quality. 10. Sporrs. A classification ac-
`cordins to comparative ligbtness or heaviness. Often used in
`combiiation: i heauyweight boxer. 71. The heavinss o
`thickness of a fabric in relation to a particular season or te
`Often used in combination: a summerueight jacket. - trs-
`weight. ed, weight. ing, weights. 1, To add to by or as if f
`attaching a weight; make heavy or heavier. 2. To load dosr
`burden,-or oppriss. 3. To in"teise the weight or body of (fat-
`rics) by uearine with chemicals. 4. Math. 6 Stalistis- Tc
`assign weighrs 6r a weight to. 5. To cause to have a slant r
`bias. 5. Sporis. To assign to (a horse) the weight it must qrry
`il
`as a handicap in a race. - idiom. by weight. Accordi!€
`weight rather than volume or other measure. IME wight <
`OE uibt. See wegh-*.]
`welght. ed fuet dd) adj. Statistics. Adjusted to reflect value c
`proDortion: a ueighted averaPe,
`waioht.less lwetrll:) adi.1. Havine lirli or no weiehr. 2. N{
`-of
`wleriencing rhe effects'o{ gravityibeing in a state
`free ta$-
`- weightt less.ly adu. - weight, less. ness z.
`weight lift.er or weight.lift.er (watrtf/ter) n. Spor16. At
`who engages in weighdifting.
`weight.lift.ing (watrfifrting) n. Sports. The lifting of weigb
`ln a DfescfrDeo manner.
`weight.y @erte\ ad.j. -i.er, -i.est. 1. Having considera.t'lc
`weight; heavy. 2. Burdensomel oppressive: weigbty problm
`3. df g.eat cbnseqo"r."; *o.eni8ut: weigbty-mitiere befw
`the delegates.4. Having great power or influence. 5. Solere
`serious. - weight I i. ly ad.u. - weightt i' ness z.
`Wei He (war har). A river of central China flowing c.724b.
`(450 mi) to the Huang He (Yellow R.).
`Weil (val), Slmone. 1909-43. French philosopher and mwt
`whose works itcllude Waiting for God.
`Weill (wil, vil), Kurt. 1900-50- German-born composer wto
`collaborated with Brecht on The Tbreepenny Opera (1923 -
`Wei.mar (wif mdrr, vir-). A city of central Germany SW c
`
`Leipzig. The Wein
`Pop.64,007.
`Wei.mar.an.er (vi
`of hunting dog tha
`grayish coat. [Ger.
`wair'(wjr) n. 7. A fi
`or retain {ish. 2. A
`or divert the watet
`the llow. IME wer
`weird (wird) adl. w
`suggestive of the p
`lngly odd of unus
`relating to fate or I
`assigned lot or for
`(t Rom. Mytb. O
`power to contro
`-weirdtly adu. -
`welrd.ie also weir(
`person, eYent, or t
`weird.o (wirrdd) z
`being very strangt
`dangerous person.
`Weir.ton (wirtm).
`Ohio R. NNE of '
`wels.en.hei.mer
`enhelmer.
`Wels.mann (vis/n
`1914. German bio
`teristics are transn
`Weis.mann.ism (r
`The theory that al
`plasm and that a<
`[After August Frie
`Welz.mann (witsrn
`Polish-born chemi
`we.ka (wetka, wa,
`of New Zealand I
`welch (wElch) z. Va
`wel.come (wElrk3l
`pitality into one's
`satisfactionj agreq
`permitted or invite
`acl(nowledge an €
`greeting or hosPir
`2. A reception up
`-t/.u. -comed, I
`entertain (anothet
`receive or accept
`visitor or recent a
`To visit so often or
`alteration (influen
`guesq welcome. 5
`Come.ness u. -l
`weldl (wdld) /. w€
`(metals).by appli'i
`assocrauon or uro
`- z. 1. The union
`formed by weldin
`p.pan. of wrrl) r
`- weld, er, wel,(
`weldz (wEld) also r
`vellow dve obtain
`w6ld.medt (wEld,
`of pieces welded t
`wel.fare (w€lff6r'
`tune; well-being. I
`or other aid Prov
`need. - idlom. ol
`the government o
`wel.faren, to lare
`+ faun, to get a
`Wel.fare Island (r
`welfare state z. 1,
`primarv responsib
`iers of'heaiih car
`rity. 2. A nation
`welfare work z. O
`ization, or an ag
`tions of disadvant
`wel.kin (wElrkin)
`uooer air. IME z
`*sil'r 1*el) ,. l. A
`obtain water, oil,
`a liquid, such as ir
`eafth; a spring o!
`watering place; a
`space extending v
`for stairs or ventil
`for the pumps. 7
`hold of a fishing
`space for receivi4
`of an airplane wl