Page 1 of 18
`
`SECURUS EXHIBIT 1007
`
`

`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,002,848
`4,027,109
`4,054,756
`4,055,730
`4,122,308
`4,156,799
`4,188,508
`4,196,317
`4,310,726
`4,319,091
`4,326,123
`4,333,056
`4,371,752
`4,387,274
`4,405,833
`4,439,636
`4,445,211
`4,477,698
`4,518,825
`4,538,030
`4,540,855
`4,552,996
`4,559,416
`4,585,904
`4,593,157
`4,595,983
`4,602,129
`4,626,630
`4,629,829
`4,644,109
`4,686,699
`4,696,028
`4,696,031
`4,698,840
`4,712,230
`4,723,273
`4,726,057
`4,727,577
`4,731,818
`4,736,405
`4,737,982
`4,746,786
`4,763,350
`4,766,604
`4,768,223
`4,768,227
`4,769,834
`4,777,647
`4,782,516
`4,791,640
`4,794,642
`4,797,910
`4,799,255
`4,802,207
`4,803,718
`4,815,120
`4,825,460
`4,839,917
`4,850,011
`4,868,873
`4,885,765
`4,890,317
`4,896,348
`4,899,358
`4,899,375
`4,901,341
`4,908,852
`4,916,733
`4,920,562
`4,922,519
`4,922,520
`
`D>>>>D>>D>>>>>>>>>>>>>D>>>D>>>D>>>>>>>>D>>>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>>D>D>>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>>D>>>D>D>D>D>>D>D>>D>D>D>D>D>
`
`1/1977
`5/1977
`10/1977
`10/1977
`10/1978
`5/1979
`2/1980
`4/1980
`1/1982
`3/1982
`4/1982
`6/1982
`2/1983
`6/1983
`9/1983
`3/1984
`4/1984
`10/1984
`5/1985
`8/1985
`9/1985
`11/1985
`12/1985
`4/1986
`6/1986
`6/1986
`7/1986
`12/1986
`12/1986
`2/1987
`8/1987
`9/1987
`9/1987
`10/1987
`12/1987
`2/1988
`2/1988
`2/1988
`3/1988
`4/1988
`4/1988
`5/1988
`8/1988
`8/1988
`8/1988
`8/1988
`9/1988
`10/1988
`11/1988
`12/1988
`12/1988
`1/1989
`1/1989
`1/1989
`2/1989
`3/1989
`4/1989
`6/1989
`7/1989
`9/1989
`12/1989
`12/1989
`1/1990
`2/1990
`2/1990
`2/1990
`3/1990
`4/1990
`4/1990
`5/1990
`5/1990
`
`Stein
`Smith et al.
`Comella et al.
`Stapleford et al.
`Weinberger et al.
`Cave
`Rogers et al.
`Bartelink
`Asmuth
`Meri
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`Cave
`Matthews et al.
`Stein et al.
`Cave et al.
`Newkirk et al.
`Webber
`Szlam et al.
`Brinkerhoff et al.
`Fossett et al.
`Szlam et al.
`de Bergh
`Theis et al.
`Mincone et al.
`Usdan
`Gehalo et al.
`Matthews et al.
`Waldman
`Puhl et al.
`Takeda et al.
`Wilkie
`Morganstein et al.
`Freudberg et al.
`Dively et al.
`Rice et al.
`Diesel et al.
`Doerry et al.
`Frey et al.
`Clark, Jr. et al.
`Akiyama
`Boratgis et al.
`Heberle et al.
`Immendorfer et al.
`Axberg
`Kino shita et al.
`Dively et al.
`Billinger et al.
`Smith et al.
`Maybach et al.
`Sand
`Arbabzadah et al.
`Daudelin
`Billinger et al.
`Uchida
`Neil et al.
`Kosich
`Carter et al.
`Oliver
`Delmege et al.
`Kamil
`Shirakawa
`Hird et al.
`Grantland et al.
`Blakley
`Bauer et al.
`Carter et al.
`Hird et al.
`Smith et al.
`Hird et al.
`Daudelin
`Bernard et al.
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`Page 2 of 18
`
`US 7,899,167 B1
`Page 2
`
`4,924,488
`4,924,501
`4,932,062
`4,933,966
`4,933,967
`4,935,956
`4,937,856
`4,937,862
`4,943,995
`4,944,001
`4,947,422
`4,947,425
`4,979,214
`4,991,203
`4,993,062
`4,993,068
`5,003,595
`5,008,923
`5,020,095
`5,022,067
`5,023,869
`5,023,906
`5,033,088
`5,054,059
`5,063,593
`5,093,858
`5,109,405
`5,131,024
`5,134,651
`5,150,357
`5,153,907
`5,155,761
`5,163,083
`5,164,989
`5,181,237
`5,187,740
`5,193,110
`5,200,995
`5,210,789
`5,216,702
`5,218,636
`5,220,501
`5,222,120
`5,229,764
`5,247,569
`5,255,305
`5,274,698
`5,276,731
`5,283,825
`5,283,829
`5,287,401
`5,305,312
`5,309,505
`5,311,589
`5,319,701
`5,319,702
`5,321,754
`5,323,448
`5,325,421
`5,325,427
`5,327,489
`5,329,578
`5,333,181
`5,335,266
`5,345,501
`5,345,595
`5,351,285
`5,351,287
`5,355,403
`5,369,699
`5,375,161
`5,381,474
`5,394,465
`
`>>>D>>>D>>>>>>>>D>>>D>>>>>D>>>>>>>>D>>>D>>>D>>>D>D>>D>D>D>D>>D>D>D>D>D>D>D>>D>D>>D>D>>D>D>D>D>>D>D>D>D>>D>D>
`
`5/1990
`5/1990
`6/1990
`6/1990
`6/1990
`6/1990
`6/1990
`6/1990
`7/1990
`7/1990
`8/1990
`8/1990
`12/1990
`2/1991
`2/1991
`2/1991
`3/1991
`4/1991
`5/1991
`6/1991
`6/1991
`6/1991
`7/1991
`10/1991
`11/1991
`3/1992
`4/1992
`7/1992
`7/1992
`9/1992
`10/1992
`10/1992
`11/1992
`11/1992
`1/1993
`2/1993
`3/1993
`4/1993
`5/1993
`6/1993
`6/1993
`6/1993
`6/1993
`7/1993
`9/1993
`10/1993
`12/1993
`1/1994
`2/1994
`2/1994
`2/1994
`4/1994
`5/1994
`5/1994
`6/1994
`6/1994
`6/1994
`6/1994
`6/1994
`6/1994
`7/1994
`7/1994
`7/1994
`8/1994
`9/1994
`9/1994
`9/1994
`9/1994
`10/1994
`11/1994
`12/1994
`1/1995
`2/1995
`
`Kosich
`Cheeseman et al.
`Hamilton
`Hird et al.
`Lo et al.
`Hellwarth et al.
`Natarajan
`Kosich
`Daudelin et al.
`Kizuik et al.
`Smith et al.
`Grizmala et al.
`Hamilton
`Kakizawa
`Dula et al.
`Piosenka et al.
`Collins et al.
`Kitamura et al.
`Morganstein et al.
`Hughes
`Grover et al.
`Novas
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`Kwon
`Hird et al.
`Morganstein
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`Ortiz et al.
`Hopner et al.
`Pugh et al.
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`Swaim et al.
`Jones et al.
`Gaukel et al.
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`
`Page 2 of 18
`
`

`
`US 7,899,167 B1
`Page 3
`
`6,324,280 B2
`6,363,065 B1
`6,366,653 B1
`6,381,321 B1
`6,404,764 B1
`6,404,857 B1
`6,404,870 B1
`6,445,682 B1
`6,480,590 B1
`6,487,200 B1
`6,496,477 B1
`6,529,500 B1
`6,529,602 B1
`6,553,336 B1
`6,560,323 B2
`6,560,325 B2
`6,611,583 B1
`6,621,812 B1
`6,654,722 B1
`6,665,380 B1
`6,687,360 B2
`6,731,630 B1
`6,788,775 B1
`6,795,444 B1
`6,816,469 B1
`6,876,647 B2
`6,904,139 B2
`6,920,209 B1
`6,985,478 B2
`7,039,171 B2
`7,042,992 B1
`7,046,782 B2
`7,075,922 B2
`7,085,359 B2
`7,203,186 B1
`7,302,053 B2
`7,333,798 B2
`7,360,087 B2
`7,360,090 B1
`7,505,406 B1
`2001/0028649 A1
`2001/0036821 A1
`2001/0041590 A1
`2001/0047333 A1
`2002/0071537 A1
`2002/0141386 A1
`2002/0159440 A1
`2002/0176403 A1
`2003/0002639 A1
`2003/0023714 A1
`2003/0091028 A1*
`2003/0126470 A1*
`2003/0133558 A1
`2003/0185204 A1
`2004/0052218 A1
`2006/0209797 A1
`2006/0285650 A1
`2006/0286962 A1
`2007/0041545 A1
`2007/0071206 A1
`2007/0115924 A1
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`6/1995 Gerber et al.
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`6/1995 Hamilton
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`9/1995 Hamilton
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`Page 3 of 18
`
`Page 3 of 18
`
`

`
`US 7,899,167 B1
`Page 4
`
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`
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`
`Page 5 of 18
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`Page 5 of 18
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`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 1, 2011
`
`Sheet 1 of2
`
`US 7,899,167 B1
`
`FIG. I
`
`WORKSTATION
`
`Page 6 of 18
`
`VALIDATION
`
`UNAUTHORIZED
`CALL ACTIVITY‘
`DETECTION
`
`Page 6 of 18
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Mar. 1, 2011
`
`Sheet 2 of2
`
`US 7,899,167 B1
`
`FIG. 2
`
`TELEPHONE TERMINAL OFF HOOK
`
`
`
`
`CALL PROCESSING GATEWAY
`
`ESTABLISHES LINK BETWEEN
`
`
`
`TELEPHONE TERMINAL AND
`
`CALL PROCESSING PLATFORM
`
`
`
`
`201
`
`202
`
`203
`
`204
`
`207
`
`208
`
`CALL APPLICATION MANAGEMENT
`SYSTEM INTERACTS WITH CALLER
`AND COLLECTS DATA
`
`CALL APPLICATION MANAGEMENT
`
`SYSTEM INTERACTS WITH
`
`VALIDATION SYSTEM TO
`
`
`
`
`
`DETERMINE CALL TREATMENT
`
`
`NO
`
`206
`
`
`
`
`CALL
`
`AUTHORIZED
`
`?
`
`205
`
`YES
`
`CALL APPLICATION
`
`CALL APPLICATION MANAGEMENT
`SYSTEM CONNECTS CALL
`
`MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
`DOES NOT CONNECT CALL
`
`CALL APPLICATION MANAGEMENT
`
`SYSTEM INTERACTS WITH OTHER
`
`SYSTEMS
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`TERMINATED
`
`?
`
`YES
`
`209
`
`CALL APPLICATION MANAGEMENT
`SYSTEM RELEASES CALL
`
`210
`
`Page 7 Of 18
`
`CALL
`
`Page 7 of 18
`
`

`
`US 7,899,167 B1
`
`1
`CENTRALIZED CALL PROCESSING
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`The present application is related to co-pending and com-
`monly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/135,878
`entitled “Information Management and Movement System
`and Method,” filed Apr. 29, 2002, Ser. No. 10/135,883
`entitled “Optimizing Profitability in Business Transactions,”
`filed Apr. 29, 2002, Ser. No. 10/190,315 entitled “System and
`Methods for Offering a Service to a Party Associated with a
`Blocked Call,” filed Jul. 3, 2002, Ser. No. 09/640,831 entitled
`“System and Method for Reverse Billing of a Telephone
`Call,” filed Aug. 17, 2000, Ser. No. 10/022,946 entitled
`“Method for Determining an Entity Responsible for Billing a
`Called Party,” filed Dec. 17, 2001, Ser. No. 10/217,149
`entitled “System and Method for Call Treatment,” filed Aug.
`12, 2002, Ser. No. 10/252,956 entitled “Three-Way Tele-
`phone Call Prevention System and Method,” filed Sep. 20,
`2002, Ser. No. 09/995,253 entitled “Method and Apparatus
`for Exchanging Data Between a Primary Computer System
`and an External Computer System to Ensure Transaction
`Reconciliation Between the Systems,” filed Nov. 27, 2001,
`Ser. No. 10/360,248 entitled “System and Method for
`Account Establishment and Transaction Management Using
`Interrupt Messaging,” filed Feb. 7, 2003, Ser. No. 10/360,442
`entitled “Systems and Methods for TransactionAuthorization
`Determination,” filed Feb. 7, 2003, Ser. No. 10/437,839
`entitled “Intelligent Queuing of Transaction Requests,” filed
`May 14, 2003, and Ser. No. 10/420,585 entitled “System and
`Method for Detecting Unauthorized Call Activity,” filed Apr.
`22, 2003, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated
`herein by reference.
`
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`
`The present invention relates generally to call processing
`systems, and more particularly, to a centralized or nodal
`architecture utilized with respect to call processing.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`Automated systems for providing call processing functions
`are not new. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,247,569 entitled
`“System and Method for Controlling Outbound and Inbound
`Calls in a Telephone Communication System,” the disclosure
`of which is incorporated herein by reference, teaches a call
`handling system for controlling inbound and outbound calls
`automatically for placing agents in communication with call-
`ing and called parties. U.S. Pat. No. 5,255,305 entitled “Inte-
`grated Voice Processing System,” the disclosure of which is
`incorporated herein by reference, teaches a general purpose
`computer platform providing voice processing functions,
`including voice messaging, call processing, and interactive
`voice response. U.S. Pat. No. 4,935,956 entitled “Automated
`Public Phone Control for Charge and Collect Billing,” the
`disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference,
`teaches a microcomputer system for use in automatically
`controlling charge and collect-call functions. U.S. Pat. No.
`6,052,454 entitled “Telephone Apparatus With Recording of
`Phone Conversations on Massive Storage,” the disclosure of
`which is incorporated herein by reference, teaches a tele-
`phone apparatus for providing service to a plurality of tele-
`phones located at a particular facility, having the capability of
`controlling the connection of calls and recording selected
`phone conversations.
`
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`Such call processing systems have typically implemented
`configurations in which substantial amounts of call process-
`ing functionality is disposed or deployed in association with
`a facility being serviced. For example, discrete and substan-
`tially independent call processing systems are disposed at
`prison facilities, or other facilities, served by the system of
`above mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,935,956. Similarly,
`although call authorization functionality is disposed remotely
`to a facility being served in the system of above mentioned
`U.S. Pat. No. 6,052,454, call processing is provided by the
`phone system disposed at the facility.
`A service provider may have a relatively large number of
`facilities for which calling services are provided, such as on
`the order of hundreds or even thousands of individual facili-
`
`ties, perhaps distributed throughout a large geographic area.
`The aforementioned locally disposed call processing systems
`provide a number of disadvantages in addition to the equip-
`ment costs associated with such a configuration. For example,
`a large number of call processing systems, particularly when
`distributed throughout a large geographic area, presents chal-
`lenges from a maintenance standpoint. When system aspects
`are modified or updated, such as to provide new rate tables or
`dialing area codes, each such call processor requires indi-
`vidual attention. For example, an operations, administration,
`maintenance, and provisioning (OAM&P) terminal may be
`utilized to establish a dial-up connection with each affected
`call processor and provide update information and/or recon-
`figuration. However, merely establishing such dial-up con-
`nections with a large number of remote systems is burden-
`some, even ignoring the time and effort required in actually
`providing the update. Even where a persistent data link is
`maintained between such an OAM&P terminal and the
`
`remote systems, managing an update of a large number of
`remote systems is difficult.
`Additionally, data sharing, aggregation, and statistical
`analysis available using such discrete or distributed call pro-
`cessing systems is very limited. The distributed and discrete
`nature of such previous configurations is not well suited for
`widespread data sharing, aggregation, and analysis. More-
`over, the lack of persistent and/or high bandwidth data con-
`nections, such as in the case of the typical dial-up configura-
`tion, does not readily facilitate the aggregation of large
`amounts ofdata as might otherwise be useful in developing an
`image across many facilities for which calling services are
`provided.
`Introducing new features and functions in such call pro-
`cessing systems canbe problematic. For example, a particular
`feature requiring a minimum resource configuration or par-
`ticular hardware may require a significant capital investment
`to introduce the feature for use at a number of sites as each
`
`corresponding call processing system may require hardware
`upgrades etcetera.
`Additional challenges may be presented with respect to use
`of the aforementioned discrete or distributed call processing
`systems in particular situations. For example, where such call
`processing systems are deployed for use with respect to par-
`ticular controlled environment facilities, such as prison facili-
`ties, functionality such as call recording may be imple-
`mented. Recording calls
`typically require
`substantial
`recording media space. Accordingly, personnel at each facil-
`ity, whether employed by the service provider or by the facil-
`ity itself, is required to periodically, often daily, archive or
`otherwise refresh the recording media to ensure the continued
`ability to record calls.
`Where such call processing systems are used in providing
`collect calling or other subsequently billed calling services,
`discrete or distributed call processing system configurations
`
`Page 8 of 18
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`Page 8 of 18
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`

`
`US 7,899,167 B1
`
`3
`can present issues with respect to billing and/or risk manage-
`ment. For example, billing records may only be polled peri-
`odically, such as by establishing a dial-up connection every
`night, thereby delaying billing as much as 24 hours with
`respect to any particular call. Moreover, analysis with respect
`to call velocity (information with respect to a number of calls
`placed to or from a particular number over a period of time)
`and/or credit limits may not be possible until the aforemen-
`tioned periodic collection of data, allowing calls which oth-
`erwise would not be allowed to be completed to continue to be
`placed during the time of a polling period.
`
`BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention is directed to systems and methods
`which provide a centralized architecture for call processing.
`According to a preferred embodiment ofthe present invention
`voice over Internet protocols (VoIP) is utilized to carry calls
`from a location at which calling services are provided to a
`centralized call processing platform providing all or substan-
`tially all call processing functionality, such as calling party
`identification, call validation, call routing, connection to the
`public switched telephone network (PSTN), call recording,
`etcetera. High bandwidth persistent data connections pro-
`vided between locations at which calling services are pro-
`vided and a centralized call processing platform are utilized
`not only to carry call content as data, but also to provide
`persistent data links for data processing use, such as by man-
`agement terminals and/or other data processing systems (e.g.,
`commerce computer systems, justice application manage-
`ment computer systems, various peripheral devices, etcetera)
`disposed at the facility locations.
`Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide
`devices having relatively limited or specialized functionality,
`such as VoIP gateways or integrated access devices (IADs)
`(collectively referred to herein in centralized call processing
`configurations as call processing gateways), at facility loca-
`tions for which calling services are provided. These call pro-
`cessing gateways are preferably utilized to provide plain old
`telephone service (POTS) analog line interfaces for use with
`a plurality oftelephone sets disposed foruse at the facility and
`at least one wide area network (WAN) interface for providing
`high speed data communication to a centralized call process-
`ing platform. Call processing gateways utilized according to
`the present invention may provide additional interfaces, such
`as a local area network (LAN) for connecting systems such as
`management terminals to the gateway and/or centralized call
`processing platform and/or switched network interfaces such
`as to couple PSTN lines directly to the gateway, if desired.
`Call processing gateways of embodiments of the invention
`become the collection point for calls and data for a particular
`facility and provide a link to one or more central sites for call
`processing and other functionality. For example, one central-
`ized call processing platform may be implemented with
`respect to a plurality of facilities serviced. Additionally or
`alternatively, a plurality of call processing platforms, such as
`might be deployed regionally and/or to provide redundancy,
`may be networked to a plurality of facilities serviced. WAN
`circuits may be purchased from a carrier for connecting each
`individual facility to the call processing platform or plat-
`forms. The WAN circuits may be purchased according to the
`bandwidth capacity desired for each corresponding facility,
`e.g., to provide less bandwidth where few telephone terminals
`are deployed at a facility and more bandwidth where many
`telephone terminals are deployed at another facility. The
`WAN circuits may be collected together as they proceed
`
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`through a carrier’s network, thereby providing a larger aggre-
`gate data pipe or pipes at a centralized call processing plat-
`form.
`
`Centralized call processing platforms ofpreferred embodi-
`ments of the present invention comprise high capacity and
`high speed routing/switching functionality, such as a router
`and gigabit Ethernet switch, to facilitate low latency data
`communication between call processing functionality and/or
`PSTN interfacing functionality of the call processing plat-
`form and call processing gateways of a plurality of facilities.
`Call processing functionality of embodiments of a call pro-
`cessing platform may be provided by a plurality of servers
`operable under control of instruction sets defining operation
`to provide call processing features such as calling party iden-
`tification, call validation, call routing, etcetera. PSTN inter-
`facing functionality ofembodiments of a call processing plat-
`form may be provided as a data connection (e.g., media
`gateway control protocol (MGCP) or session initiation pro-
`tocol (SIP)) to the PSTN. Additionally or alternatively, PSTN
`interfacing functionality of embodiments of a call processing
`platform may be provided as POTS trunking or other more
`traditional telephone line interface. Preferred embodiments,
`however, may place calls on the PSTN in VoIP protocols to
`receive the benefit of such advantages as lower connection
`cost offered by the carrier when introduced to the PSTN in
`VoIP protocols, reduced latencies associated with repeated
`conversion ofthe call betweenVoIP and analog protocols, and
`improved call quality associated with carrying the call in
`digital format closer to the called party before conversion
`back to analog.
`Call processing platforms of the present invention may
`implement interactive voice response (IVR) features, such as
`to solicit information from a caller, to provide call status
`announcements, to solicit funds for a call, etcetera. Addition-
`ally or alternatively, call processing platforms of the present
`invention may implement call recording and/or other central-
`ized data collection, such as through use of a storage area
`network (SAN), interconnected redundant array of inexpen-
`sive disks (RAID) or fixed disk platforms, and/or the like.
`Preferred embodiment call processing platforms provide
`for data sharing, aggregation, and/or analysis across multiple
`facilities served, whether affiliated (such as facilities of a
`particular city, county, or state or facilities having an associa-
`tion, e.g., sheriff’ s association) or non-affiliated (such as all
`facilities served by the service provider). Accordingly, infor-
`mation, such as inmate booking information, dossiers, etcet-
`era, may be shared across facilities. Similarly, information,
`such as called party number, uncollectable call statistics,
`usage frequency or velocity, etcetera, may be aggregated
`and/or analyzed across facilities.
`Call processing platforms of preferred embodiments
`implement a data structure for segmenting the calling activity
`for each individual facility to control access with respect to
`each facility’s data and/or to facilitate independent account-
`ing, maintenance, and other functionality, thereby providing,
`in some respects, a virtual facility call processor with respect
`to facilities. For example, administrative personnel of a par-
`ticular facility are preferably enabled to perform maintenance
`and other operations, e.g., call processor configuration,
`recorded call playback, billing and commission record
`access, etcetera, with respect
`to that particular facility.
`According to a preferred embodiment, management termi-
`nals disposed locally at a facility are provided data access to
`portions ofthe call