Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications
`
`Radio Frequency Interface Specification
`
`SP-RFI-I04-980724
`
`INTERIM
`SPECIFICATION
`
`Notice
`
`This document is a cooperative effort undertaken at the direction of
`Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. for the benefit of MCNS Holdings,
`L.P. and the cable industry in general. Neither CableLabs, MCNS
`Holdings, L.P. nor any other participating entity including Media One
`(Continental Cablevision) and Rogers Cablesystems Limited (the “Other
`Participants”) is responsible for any liability of any nature whatsoever
`resulting from or arising out of use or reliance upon this test suite by any
`party. This document is furnished on an “AS IS” basis and neither
`CableLabs, MCNS Holdings, L.P. nor the Other Participants provides
`any representation or warranty, express or implied, regarding its
`accuracy, completeness, or fitness for a particular purpose. Distribution
`of this document is restricted pursuant to the terms of separate access
`agreements negotiated with each of the parties to whom this document
`has been furnished.
`
`© Copyright 1997 Cable Television Laboratories, Inc.
`All rights reserved.
`
`RPX EXHIBIT 1005
`RPX v. CHANBOND
`
`

`
`SP-RFI-I04-980724
`
`Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications
`
`Document Status Sheet
`
`Document Control Number: SP-RFI-I04-980724
`
`Reference: Radio Frequency Interface Specification
`
`Revision History:
`
`I01 3/21/97 Released for publication
`I01 3/26/97 Re-released for publication
`I02 10/8/97 Re-released for publication
`I03 2/2/98 Re-released for publication
`I04 7/24/98 Re-released for publication
`
`Date:
`
`July 24, 1998
`
`Status Code: Work in
`Process
`
`Draft
`
`Interim
`
`Released
`
`Distribution Restrictions: CableLabs
`only
`
`CL/MCNS/
`Authors
`
`CL/MCNS/
`Vendor
`
`Public
`
`Key to Document Status Codes
`
`Work in Process An incomplete document, designed to guide discussion and generate feedback,
`that may include several alternative requirements for consideration.
`
`Draft
`
`Interim
`
`Released
`
`A document in specification format considered largely complete, but lacking
`review by MCNS and vendors. Drafts are susceptible to substantial change during
`the review process.
`
`A document which has undergone rigorous MCNS and vendor review, suitable for
`use by vendors to design in conformance with, and suitable for field testing.
`
`A stable document, reviewed, tested and validated, suitable to enable cross-
`vendor interoperability.
`
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`

`
`Radio Frequency Interface Specification
`
`SP-RFI-I04-980724
`
`Contents
`
`1
`1.1
`1.2
`1.3
`
`2
`2.1
`2.2
`
`2.3
`
`2.4
`2.5
`
`SCOPE AND PURPOSE................................................................................................................................1
`SCOPE.........................................................................................................................................................1
`REQUIREMENTS..........................................................................................................................................1
`BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................................1
`1.3.1
`Service Goals......................................................................................................................................1
`1.3.2
`Reference Architecture.......................................................................................................................2
`1.3.3
`Server Location ..................................................................................................................................5
`
`FUNCTIONAL ASSUMPTIONS .................................................................................................................7
`BROADBAND ACCESS NETWORK...............................................................................................................7
`EQUIPMENT ASSUMPTIONS ........................................................................................................................7
`2.2.1
`Frequency Plan ..................................................................................................................................7
`2.2.2
`Compatibility with Other Services .....................................................................................................7
`2.2.3
`Fault Isolation Impact on Other Users ..............................................................................................7
`RF CHANNEL ASSUMPTIONS......................................................................................................................8
`2.3.1
`Transmission Downstream.................................................................................................................8
`2.3.2
`Transmission Upstream......................................................................................................................9
`TRANSMISSION LEVELS..............................................................................................................................9
`FREQUENCY INVERSION...........................................................................................................................10
`
`3.2
`
`3.3
`3.4
`3.5
`
`3 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS .........................................................................................................11
`3.1
`PROTOCOL STACK....................................................................................................................................11
`3.1.1
`CM and CMTS as Hosts ...................................................................................................................11
`3.1.2
`Data Forwarding Through the CM and CMTS................................................................................12
`THE MAC FORWARDER...........................................................................................................................15
`3.2.1
`Example Rules for Data-Link-Layer Forwarding............................................................................15
`NETWORK LAYER ....................................................................................................................................16
`ABOVE THE NETWORK LAYER.................................................................................................................16
`DATA LINK LAYER ..................................................................................................................................17
`3.5.1
`LLC Sublayer....................................................................................................................................17
`3.5.2
`Link-Layer Security Sublayer...........................................................................................................17
`3.5.3 MAC Sublayer ..................................................................................................................................17
`PHYSICAL LAYER.....................................................................................................................................18
`3.6.1
`Downstream Transmission Convergence Sublayer..........................................................................18
`3.6.2
`PMD Sublayer ..................................................................................................................................18
`
`3.6
`
`4
`4.1
`4.2
`
`PHYSICAL MEDIA DEPENDENT SUBLAYER SPECIFICATION....................................................21
`SCOPE.......................................................................................................................................................21
`UPSTREAM ...............................................................................................................................................21
`4.2.1
`Overview...........................................................................................................................................21
`4.2.2 Modulation Formats.........................................................................................................................22
`4.2.3
`FEC Encode .....................................................................................................................................25
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`Scrambler (Randomizer) ................................................................................................................. 25
`4.2.4
`Preamble Prepend ........................................................................................................................... 26
`4.2.5
`Burst Profiles................................................................................................................................... 26
`4.2.6
`Burst Timing Convention................................................................................................................. 29
`4.2.7
`Transmit Power Requirements ........................................................................................................ 30
`4.2.8
`Fidelity Requirements...................................................................................................................... 31
`4.2.9
`4.2.10 Frame Structure............................................................................................................................... 35
`4.2.11
`Signal Processing Requirements ..................................................................................................... 36
`4.2.12 Upstream Demodulator Input Power Characteristics .................................................................... 37
`4.2.13 Upstream Electrical Output from the CM ....................................................................................... 38
`DOWNSTREAM......................................................................................................................................... 38
`4.3.1
`Downstream Protocol...................................................................................................................... 38
`4.3.2
`Scalable Interleaving to Support Low Latency ............................................................................... 38
`4.3.3
`Downstream Frequency Plan .......................................................................................................... 39
`4.3.4
`CMTS Output Electrical .................................................................................................................. 39
`4.3.5
`Downstream Electrical Input to CM ............................................................................................... 40
`4.3.6
`CM BER Performance..................................................................................................................... 40
`4.3.7
`CMTS Timestamp Jitter................................................................................................................... 41
`
`4.3
`
`5 DOWNSTREAM TRANSMISSION CONVERGENCE SUBLAYER .................................................. 43
`INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................ 43
`5.1
`MPEG PACKET FORMAT ........................................................................................................................ 43
`5.2
`5.3
`MPEG HEADER FOR MCNS DATA-OVER-CABLE.................................................................................. 44
`MPEG PAYLOAD FOR MCNS DATA-OVER-CABLE ............................................................................... 44
`5.4
`5.5
`INTERACTION WITH THE MAC SUBLAYER ............................................................................................. 45
`INTERACTION WITH THE PHYSICAL LAYER............................................................................................. 46
`5.6
`MPEG HEADER SYNCHRONIZATION AND RECOVERY............................................................................ 46
`5.7
`
`6.2
`
`6 MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL SPECIFICATION ................................................................................... 47
`6.1
`INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................ 47
`6.1.1
`Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 47
`6.1.2
`Definitions ....................................................................................................................................... 47
`6.1.3
`Future Use ....................................................................................................................................... 48
`MAC FRAME FORMATS .......................................................................................................................... 48
`6.2.1
`Generic MAC Frame Format .......................................................................................................... 48
`6.2.2
`Packet-Based MAC Frames ............................................................................................................ 53
`6.2.3
`ATM Cell MAC Frames................................................................................................................... 54
`6.2.4
`Reserved PDU MAC Frames........................................................................................................... 55
`6.2.5 MAC-Specific Headers .................................................................................................................... 56
`6.2.6
`Extended MAC Headers .................................................................................................................. 60
`6.2.7
`Error-Handling................................................................................................................................ 61
`MAC MANAGEMENT MESSAGES............................................................................................................ 62
`6.3.1 MAC Management Message Header............................................................................................... 62
`
`6.3
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`6.4
`
`6.5
`
`6.6
`
`6.3.2 MAC Management Messages ...........................................................................................................64
`UPSTREAM BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION....................................................................................................83
`6.4.1
`The Allocation Map MAC Management Message............................................................................84
`6.4.2 Map Transmission and Timing.........................................................................................................86
`6.4.3
`Protocol Example.............................................................................................................................87
`6.4.4
`Contention Resolution ......................................................................................................................88
`6.4.5
`CM Behavior ....................................................................................................................................90
`6.4.6
`Support for Multiple Channels.........................................................................................................90
`6.4.7
`Classes of Service.............................................................................................................................90
`TIMING AND SYNCHRONIZATION .............................................................................................................91
`6.5.1
`Global Timing Reference .................................................................................................................92
`6.5.2
`CM Channel Acquisition ..................................................................................................................92
`6.5.3
`Ranging ............................................................................................................................................92
`6.5.4
`Timing Units and Relationships .......................................................................................................93
`DATA LINK ENCRYPTION SUPPORT .........................................................................................................94
`6.6.1 MAC Messages.................................................................................................................................94
`6.6.2
`Framing............................................................................................................................................94
`
`7 CABLE MODEM - CMTS INTERACTION.............................................................................................97
`CMTS INITIALIZATION ............................................................................................................................97
`7.1
`CABLE MODEM INITIALIZATION ..............................................................................................................97
`7.2
`7.2.1
`RSM Detection..................................................................................................................................99
`7.2.2
`Scanning and Synchronization to Downstream ...............................................................................99
`7.2.3
`Obtain Upstream Parameters ........................................................................................................100
`7.2.4 Message Flows During Scanning and Upstream Parameter Acquisition......................................101
`7.2.5
`Ranging and Automatic Adjustments .............................................................................................103
`7.2.6
`Establish IP Connectivity ...............................................................................................................107
`7.2.7
`Establish Time of Day ....................................................................................................................107
`7.2.8
`Establish Security Association .......................................................................................................108
`7.2.9
`Transfer Operational Parameters..................................................................................................108
`7.2.10 Registration ....................................................................................................................................108
`7.2.11 Baseline Privacy Initialization .......................................................................................................109
`7.2.12
`Service IDs During CM Initialization ............................................................................................109
`7.2.13 Multiple-Channel Support..............................................................................................................110
`7.2.14 Remote RF Signal Level Adjustment ..............................................................................................110
`7.2.15 Changing Upstream Burst Parameters ..........................................................................................112
`7.2.16 Changing Upstream Channels .......................................................................................................112
`7.2.17 Fault Detection and Recovery........................................................................................................114
`7.2.18 Prevention of Unauthorized Transmissions ...................................................................................115
`
`8
`8.1
`
`SUPPORTING FUTURE NEW CABLE MODEM CAPABILITIES ..................................................117
`SETTING UP COMMUNICATIONS ON AN ENHANCED BASIS ...................................................................117
`8.1.1
`Upstream Enhanced / Downstream Standard................................................................................117
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`Downstream Enhanced / Upstream Enhanced or Standard.......................................................... 117
`8.1.2
`DOWNLOADING CABLE MODEM OPERATING SOFTWARE..................................................................... 117
`
`PROVISION FOR OTHER FUTURE CAPABILITIES....................................................................... 119
`ANTICIPATED PHYSICAL-LAYER CHANGES .......................................................................................... 119
`9.1.1
`Adding Upstream Channel and Burst Configuration Settings ...................................................... 119
`9.1.2
`Downstream Channel Improvements ............................................................................................ 120
`NEW NETWORK SERVICE REQUIREMENTS............................................................................................ 120
`9.2.1 Multicast Service IDs .................................................................................................................... 120
`9.2.2
`RSVP Support for Upstream Traffic.............................................................................................. 121
`PID FILTERING CAPABILITY ................................................................................................................. 122
`
`8.2
`
`9
`9.1
`
`9.2
`
`9.3
`
`APPENDIX A. WELL-KNOWN ADDRESSES ........................................................................................... 123
`MAC ADDRESSES ................................................................................................................................. 123
`A.1
`MAC SERVICE IDS ............................................................................................................................... 123
`A.2
`A.3
`MPEG PID............................................................................................................................................ 124
`
`APPENDIX B. PARAMETERS AND CONSTANTS ................................................................................... 125
`
`C.7
`C.8
`
`APPENDIX C. CM CONFIGURATION INTERFACE SPECIFICATION .............................................. 127
`C.1
`DHCP FIELDS USED BY THE CM ......................................................................................................... 127
`CM BINARY CONFIGURATION FILE FORMAT ....................................................................................... 128
`C.2
`C.3
`CONFIGURATION FILE SETTINGS........................................................................................................... 129
`CONFIGURATION FILE CREATION.......................................................................................................... 129
`C.4
`CM MIC CALCULATION ....................................................................................................................... 131
`C.5
`CMTS MIC CALCULATION................................................................................................................... 131
`C.6
`C.6.1
`Digest Calculation......................................................................................................................... 132
`REGISTRATION CONFIGURATION SETTINGS .......................................................................................... 132
`ENCODINGS ........................................................................................................................................... 133
`C.8.1
`End-of-Data Marker...................................................................................................................... 133
`C.8.2
`Pad Configuration Setting............................................................................................................. 133
`C.8.3
`Downstream Frequency Configuration Setting............................................................................. 133
`C.8.4
`Upstream Channel ID Configuration Setting................................................................................ 133
`C.8.5
`Network Access Control Object..................................................................................................... 134
`C.8.6
`Class of Service Configuration Setting.......................................................................................... 134
`C.8.7 Modem Capabilities Configuration Setting................................................................................... 137
`C.8.8
`CM Message Integrity Check (MIC) Configuration Setting.......................................................... 137
`C.8.9
`CMTS Message Integrity Check (MIC) Configuration Setting ..................................................... 137
`C.8.10 Vendor ID Configuration Setting .................................................................................................. 138
`C.8.11 Software Upgrade Filename.......................................................................................................... 138
`C.8.12 SNMP Write-Access Control ......................................................................................................... 138
`C.8.13 SNMP MIB Object......................................................................................................................... 139
`C.8.14 Vendor-Specific Information ......................................................................................................... 139
`C.8.15 Modem IP Address ........................................................................................................................ 139
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`C.8.16 Service(s) Not Available Response.................................................................................................140
`C.8.17 CPE Ethernet MAC Address ..........................................................................................................141
`C.8.18 Telephone Settings Option .............................................................................................................141
`C.8.19 SNMP IP Address...........................................................................................................................141
`C.8.20 Baseline Privacy Configuration Settings Option ...........................................................................141
`C.8.21 Maximum Number of CPEs............................................................................................................141
`C.8.22 TFTP Server Timestamp.................................................................................................................142
`C.8.23 TFTP Server Provisioned Modem Address....................................................................................142
`C.8.24 Software Upgrade TFTP Server.....................................................................................................142
`SUMMARY ..............................................................................................................................................143
`
`C.9
`
`APPENDIX D. MAC SUBLAYER SERVICE DEFINITION.......................................................................145
`D.1
`SERVICE AT THE CM..............................................................................................................................145
`MAC_CM_802_DATA.REQUEST .........................................................................................................145
`D.2
`D.3
`MAC_CM_DIX_DATA.REQUEST ........................................................................................................145
`MAC_CM_ATM_DATA.REQUEST ......................................................................................................146
`D.4
`MAC_CM_802_DATA.INDICATION.....................................................................................................146
`D.5
`MAC_CM_DIX_DATA.INDICATION....................................................................................................146
`D.6
`D.7
`MAC_CM_ATM_DATA.INDICATION..................................................................................................147
`MAC_CM_DATA.ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................................147
`D.8
`
`APPENDIX E. EXAMPLE BURST PROFILES............................................................................................149
`E.1
`INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................149
`EXAMPLE PREAMBLE SEQUENCE...........................................................................................................149
`E.2
`EXAMPLE BURST PROFILES ...................................................................................................................151
`E.3
`
`APPENDIX F. UPSTREAM MODULATION RATES .................................................................................163
`F.1
`INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................163
`F.2
`SOURCES OF NARROWBAND INGRESS....................................................................................................163
`F.2.1
`HF Propagation .............................................................................................................................163
`F.2.2
`Users of the HF Radio Spectrum....................................................................................................163
`F.2.3
`Broadcasting ..................................................................................................................................164
`F.2.4
`Amateur and CB .............................................................................................................................164
`F.2.5
`Other Services ................................................................................................................................165
`FITTING DATA CARRIERS WITHIN THE INGRESS GAPS .........................................................................165
`
`F.3
`
`APPENDIX G. EXAMPLE: MULTIPLE UPSTREAM CHANNELS ........................................................167
`
`APPENDIX H. THE DATA-OVER-CABLE SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL ........................................169
`H.1
`BACKGROUND........................................................................................................................................169
`PUBLIC SPANNING TREE ........................................................................................................................169
`H.2
`PUBLIC SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL DETAILS.......................................................................................170
`H.3
`SPANNING TREE PARAMETERS AND DEFAULTS ....................................................................................171
`H.4
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`SP-RFI-I04-980724
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`Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications
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`APPENDIX I. ERROR CODES AND MESSAGES...................................................................................... 173
`
`APPENDIX J.REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 177
`
`APPENDIX K. GLOSSARY............................................................................................................................ 181
`
`APPENDIX L. REVISIONS ............................................................................................................................ 193
`L.1
`ECNS INCLUDED IN SP-RFI-I02-971008 ............................................................................................. 193
`ECNS INCLUDED IN SP-RFI-I03-980202 ............................................................................................. 194
`L.2
`ECNS INCLUDED IN SP-RFI-I04-980724 ............................................................................................. 194
`L.3
`
`ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................................................................. 195
`
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`Radio Frequency Interface Specification
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`SP-RFI-I04-980724
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`Figures
`
`FIGURE 1-1.
`FIGURE 1-2.
`FIGURE 1-3.
`FIGURE 3-1.
`FIGURE 3-2.
`FIGURE 3-3.
`FIGURE 3-4.
`FIGURE 4-1.
`FIGURE 4-2.
`FIGURE 4-3.
`FIGURE 4-4.
`FIGURE 4-5.
`FIGURE 4-6.
`FIGURE 4-7.
`FIGURE 4-8.
`FIGURE 4-9.
`FIGURE 5-1.
`FIGURE 5-2.
`FIGURE 5-3.
`FIGURE 5-4.
`FIGURE 5-5.
`FIGURE 5-6.
`FIGURE 6-1.
`FIGURE 6-2.
`FIGURE 6-3.
`FIGURE 6-4.
`FIGURE 6-5.
`FIGURE 6-6.
`FIGURE 6-7.
`FIGURE 6-8.
`FIGURE 6-9.
`FIGURE 6-10.
`FIGURE 6-11.
`FIGURE 6-12.
`FIGURE 6-13.
`FIGURE 6-14.
`FIGURE 6-15.
`FIGURE 6-16.
`FIGURE 6-17.
`FIGURE 6-18.
`FIGURE 6-19.
`