UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`___________________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`___________________
`
`VOLKSWAGEN GROUP OF AMERICA, INC.
`Petitioner,
`
`v.
`
`WEST VIEW RESEARCH, LLC,
`Patent Owner.
`___________________
`
`Case IPR2016-00177
`Patent 8,781,839
`___________________
`
`PATENT OWNER’S PRELIMINARY RESPONSE
`
`
`
`Mail Stop Patent Board
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`___________________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`___________________
`
`VOLKSWAGEN GROUP OF AMERICA, INC.
`Petitioner,
`
`v.
`
`WEST VIEW RESEARCH, LLC,
`Patent Owner.
`___________________
`
`Case IPR2016-00177
`Patent 8,781,839
`___________________
`
`PATENT OWNER’S PRELIMINARY RESPONSE
`
`
`
`Mail Stop Patent Board
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case IPR2016-00177
`Patent 8,781,839
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I.
`
`Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1
`
`II. Overview of the ’839 Patent ................................................................................ 2
`
`III. Patent Owner’s Response to Petitioner’s Statement of Facts ........................ 19
`
`A. Petitioner’s Characterization of the Invention................................................ 19
`
`IV. Petitioner Has Failed to Meet Its Burden of Showing a “Reasonable
`Likelihood” That Any Challenged Claim of the ’839 Patent is Unpatentable Due to
`Obviousness. ............................................................................................................ 20
`
`A. Petitioner Has Failed to Provide Claim Constructions for Several Key Terms,
`Hence the Petition is Fatally Deficient. ................................................................ 21
`
`B. Petitioner Has Assumed “Broadest Reasonable” Claim Constructions for
`Several Key Terms that are Unreasonable, Hence the Petition is Fatally
`Deficient. ............................................................................................................... 32
`
`C. Petitioner’s Proposed Combination of the References Fail to Teach Each and
`Every Element of Independent Claims 1 and 35 .................................................. 39
`
`D. Petitioner’s Proposed Reasons for Combining the Teachings of the
`References Rely on Impermissible Hindsight, Hence Petitioner’s Obviousness
`Analysis is Defective. ........................................................................................... 48
`
`V. Conclusion ......................................................................................................... 55
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`EXHIBIT LIST
`
`Exhibit 2001
`
`Ulrich Hackenberg’s biographical information
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`Exhibit 2002
`
`Hackenberg explains VW’s new infotainment architecture
`
`Exhibit 2003
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,539,775 to Tuttle et al.
`
`Exhibit 2004
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,629,981 to Nerlikar
`
`Exhibit 2005
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,311,834 to Gazdzinski
`
`Exhibit 2006
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,301,456 to Gazdzinski
`
`Exhibit 2007
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`IEEE 802.11 from Wikipedia website
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`Exhibit 2008
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`GPRS & EDGE from 3GPP website
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`Exhibit 2009
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`Mobile broadband from Wikipedia website
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`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
`
`CASES
`Sony Computer Entm’t Am. Inc. v. Dudas,
`2006 WL 1472462 (E.D.Va. 2006) ...................................................................
`
`Blackberry Corp. v. MobileMedia Ideas, LLC,
`IPR2013-00036, Paper 65 (Mar. 7, 2014) ..................................................... 21
`
`Phillips v. AWH Corp.,
`415 F.3d 1303 (Fed. Cir. 2005) (en banc) ..................................................... 22
`
`Power Integrations v. Fairchild Semiconductor,
`711 F.3d 1348 (Fed. Cir. 2013) ..................................................................... 22
`
`In re Am. Acad. of Sci. Tech. Ctr., 367 F.3d 1359 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ........................ 22
`
`In re Gorman, 933 F.2d 982 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ......................................................... 23
`
`Ericsson Inc. et al. v. Intellectual Ventures II LLC,
`IPR2014-01170, Paper 9 (Feb. 17, 2015) ................................................ 27, 28
`
`Williamson v. Citrix Online, LLC, 792 F.3d 1339,
`115 USPQ2d 1105 (Fed. Cir. 2015) (en banc) .............................................. 28
`
`Watts v. XL Systems, Inc., 232 F.3d 877 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ....................................... 28
`
`Personalized Media Communications, LLC v. International Trade Commission,
`161 F. 3d 696 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ...................................................................... 28
`
`Pride Solutions, LLC v. Not Dead Yet Manufacturing, Inc.,
`IPR2013-00627, Paper 14 (Mar. 17, 2014) ................................................... 31
`
`TriMed, Inc. v. Stryker Corp., 514 F.3d 1256 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ............................... 31
`
`In re Donaldson Co., 16 F.3d 1189 (Fed. Cir. 1994) (en banc) ........................ 31-32
`
`Fresenius USA, Inc. v. Baxter Int’l, Inc., 582 F.3d 1288 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ............. 32
`
`Retractable Technologies v. Becton, Dickinson and Company,
`653 F.3d 1296 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ..................................................................... 34
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`In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977, 988 (Fed. Cir. 2006) ................................................ 44, 48
`
`KSR Int’l Co. v. Teleflex Inc., 550 U.S. 398 (2007) .................................... 44, 48, 53
`
`W.L. Gore & Assoc., Inc. v. Garlock, Inc., 721 F.2d 1540 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ........... 48
`
`In re Grasselli, 713 F.2d 731, 743 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ................................................ 48
`
`In re Gordon, 733 F.2d 900 (Fed. Cir. 1984) .......................................................... 49
`
`In re McLaughlin, 443 F.2d 1392 (CCPA 1971) ..................................................... 54
`
`Grain Processing Corp. v. American Maize-Prods. Co.,
`840 F.2d 902 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ....................................................................... 54
`
`In re Dembiczak, 175 F.3d 994 (Fed. Cir. 1999) ..................................................... 54
`
`Kinetic Concepts, Inc. v. Smith & Nephew, Inc.,
`688 F.3d 1342 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ..................................................................... 54
`
`
`
`STATUTES
`
`35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 6 ................................................................................................. 27
`
`35 U.S.C. § 314(a) ................................................................................................... 21
`
`
`
`RULES AND REGULATIONS
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(3) .............................................................................. 27, 31, 32
`
`37 C.F.R. § 42.108(c) ............................................................................................... 21
`
`Office Patent Trial Practice Guide, 77 Fed. Reg. 48,756 (Aug. 14, 2012) ........ 21, 32
`
`MPEP § 2103(I)(C) .................................................................................................. 26
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`MPEP § 2111 ............................................................................................... 22, 23, 33
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`MPEP § 2181 ..................................................................................................... 27-28
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`I.
`
`Introduction
`Volkswagen Group Of America, Inc. (“Petitioner”) has filed an inter partes
`
`review (“IPR”) petition against U.S. Patent 8,781,839 (the “’839 Patent”) owned
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`by West View Research, LLC (“Patent Owner”). Petitioner has also filed IPR
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`petitions against seven other patents owned by Patent Owner. The other petitions,
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`which involve a computerized information system like the system described in the
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`’839 Patent, were filed in IPR2015-01941 (Patent 8,065,156), IPR2016-00123
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`(Patent 8,719,037), IPR2016-00124 (Patent 8,706,504), IPR2016-00125 (Patent
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`8,290,778),
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`IPR2016-00137
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`(Patent 8,682,673),
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`IPR2016-00146
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`(Patent
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`8,719,038), and IPR2016-00156 (Patent 8,296,146).
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`Petitioner challenges the patentability of Claims 1, 10, 11, 16, 22, 23, 29,
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`and 35 of the ’839 Patent solely on the basis of obviousness. However, Petitioner
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`fails to propose reasonable interpretations for a number of material claim
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`limitations and fails to set forth a prima facie case of obviousness for any of the
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`challenged claims. Accordingly, Petitioner has failed to meet its burden of showing
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`a “reasonable likelihood” that any challenged claim of the ’839 Patent is
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`unpatentable due to obviousness. Thus, Patent Owner respectfully requests that the
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`Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“Board”) deny the petition and decline to institute
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`IPR of the ’839 Patent.
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`1
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`II. Overview of the ’839 Patent
`inter alia, 1 an
`The ’839 Patent discloses,
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`improved computerized
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`information system for adaptively and rapidly providing user-specific and other
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`information to users within a mobile transport apparatus (e.g., a land-mobile
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`shuttle or other such vehicle) within a contracted period of time, including for use
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`on their personnel electronic device or PED, such as e.g., after leaving the vehicle.
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`Ex. 1001 at Abstract, 2:49-58, 11:67-12:4. Generally, users of such transport
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`vehicles need a means to intuitively (and quickly) converge on information
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`enabling them to, for instance, find an entity (e.g., business) of interest. Id. at 2:59-
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`3:5.
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`Problematically, such users may have neither (i) any pre-existing familiarity
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`of how the information system of the vehicle operates (having never been in the
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`vehicle before); nor (ii) any pre-existing familiarity of where the desired entity is
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`located (including relative to their current location or the transport vehicle itself).
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`Id. at 2:59-65.
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` 1
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` The ’839 Patent is one of twenty-five (25) currently issued U.S. Patents claiming
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`priority from the common 09/330,101 parent application filed on June 10, 1999.
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`Information pertinent to the user’s activities after egress from the vehicle
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`may include e.g., directions to a local restaurant or transportation facility, weather
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`information for their locale, etc. Id. at 2:49-58.
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`Moreover, such users
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`require a degree of
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`individual,
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`repeatable
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`“personalization”, such that their identity (and preselected preferences) can be
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`applied to information they obtain each different time they enter the same (or
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`different) transportation modality. Id. at 4:11, 13:36-38, 21:10-42. Hence, certain
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`preferences should be applied to that individual user regardless of the particular
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`platform they select for transport (e.g., one of several available elevator cars in a
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`building, a different vehicle they happen to use on a given day, etc.), also known as
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`“platform agnosticism”.
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`FIG. 1 of the ’839 Patent, an annotated version of which is reproduced
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`below, shows one exemplary embodiment of the computerized information system,
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`which includes, inter alia, a central processing unit (e.g., microprocessor), digital
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`graphics co-processor, digital signal processor (DSP) and associated speech
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`processing (digitization/recognition) computer programs, a capacitive touch screen
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`input and display device, an entity database (not shown), a speech synthesis
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`module, a high-speed data interface to e.g., a user portable device or PED, and a
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`high-speed network interface (see e.g., FIG. 3 reproduced and annotated below,
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`showing one embodiment of a wireless interface using an IEEE Std. 802.11 (aka
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`“Wi-Fi”) wireless interface). Id. at 9:18-22.
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`4
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`The apparatus of FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a specific architecture
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`optimized for speed, utilizing only then (circa mid-1999) recently available state-
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`of-the-art technologies including use of data compression (e.g., code-excited linear
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`prediction, or CELP) to, inter alia, reduce wireless data bandwidth requirements,
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`Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM)-based speech recognition, at least four digital
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`processors (a DSP, a separate graphics co-processor, a CPU/microprocessor, as
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`well as a microcontroller), direct memory access (DMA) for the CPU which
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`expedites data accesses to/from RAM, a (then) very high-bandwidth wireless
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`interface (i.e., IEEE Std. 802.11) to enable rapid wireless transmission or receipt of
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`large data structures such as image files, and a capacitive touch-screen input and
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`display device with supporting iconic-based software (and pre-grouped topical
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`areas of information) to enable rapid user intuition/assimilation for ease of use. Id.
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`at 3:62-4:2, 7:42-58, 8:3-13, 11:67-12:4.
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`Patent Owner notes anecdotally in passing that the technology of the ’839
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`Patent is now largely ubiquitous; numerous modern “smartphones”, tablet
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`computers, and in fact vehicles have now (more than 16 years later) whole-sale
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`adopted such an architecture, and specifically the foregoing combination of user
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`interface elements (e.g., icon-based capacitive touch screen and speech input),
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`processing elements, and wireless
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`technologies. Dr. Ulrich Hackenberg,
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`responsible for the technical development of all of Volkswagen Group Brands (of
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`which Petitioner is one)2, recently stated the following:
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`The use of touch screens on smartphone has really been an
`overwhelming success; we will consistently use them in our vehicles
`as well. …Volkswagen is currently working on integration that allows
`the use of safe, familiar controls during driving.
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` 2
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` “Since July 1, 2013, he has been a member of the Board of Management of AUDI
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`AG with responsibility for Audi’s Technical Development. In addition, he is also
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`responsible for the technical development of all the Volkswagen Group’s brands.”
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`Ex. 2001 at 2.
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`Ex. 2002 at 3 (emphasis added).
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`Interaction by touch is …mainly impressive because it is easy to learn
`and offers direct, immediate interaction with the elements that are
`presented. Moreover, the customer is accustomed to touch controls in
`other areas. At Volkswagen, we are clearly relying on touch as a
`cross-segment, brand-shaping element for the control of information
`and communication systems in our vehicles.
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`Id. at 2 (emphasis added). The reader need only pick up their smartphone and
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`invoke the resident “maps” program via the touchscreen and say “Starbucks” or the
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`like to attest to this ubiquity.
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`FIG. 15 of the ’839 Patent (reproduced and annotated below) illustrates one
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`exemplary embodiment of a wireless interface useful as part of the computerized
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`system of FIG. 1 for e.g., “automatic personalization” of the aforementioned
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`functions when the user is proximate to or within the vehicle.
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`Further, the ’839 Patent incorporates by reference U.S. Patent No. 5,539,775
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`(Ex. 2003), which discloses a method and system in which a pseudo noise (PN)
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`sequence is generated for use within a wireless interface, and U.S. Patent No.
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`5,629,981 (Ex. 2004), which discloses a method and system in which authorizes
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`and maintains information security across a wireless interface, such as that shown
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`in FIG. 15. Ex. 1001 at 19:45-53; Ex. 2003 at 3:18-25; Ex. 2004 at 6:9-19.
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`
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`The exemplary computerized information system disclosed in the ’839
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`Patent improves upon previous vehicular information systems (circa mid-1999) by,
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`inter alia, providing a completely intuitive user interface which permits greatly
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`simplified input to the system when the user is within the transport apparatus (e.g.,
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`via a simple spoken name, or touch on a touch screen correlating to a limited
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`number of prescribed categories of information). Ex. 1001 at 9:37-11:37, FIG. 4.
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`The ’839 Patent technology allows the user to converge on the desired entity from
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`multiple possibilities in a short period of time due to its simplified user interface,
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`and spatially orient themselves relative to the transport apparatus and the desired
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`entity or organization using intuitive and localized imagery, so that the user can
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`merely utilize the image to find the entity (and not have to remember complicated
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`lists of directions, addresses, etc.). Id. at 9:37-11:37, 2:59-3:5, FIG. 4, FIG. 5. The
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`heavily hierarchical menu structures of prior art systems, e.g., first activate the
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`system, then select or say the top-level function (e.g., “navigation”), then select or
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`say the sub-function (e.g., “restaurants”), then enter a geographic region (e.g.,
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`“San Diego, CA”), then enter a street name or address (e.g., “Broadway”), etc.,
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`were completely obviated in the ’839 Patent, since such paradigms were
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`incompatible with, inter alia, having to converge on an entity location or other
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`desired information within “only seconds”. Id. at 11:67-12:4.
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`The ’839 Patent provides the foregoing features in the exemplary
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`embodiment with a specific user interface and voice protocol algorithm (see e.g.,
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`FIG. 4, reproduced and annotated below) which obviates the user from having to
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`have any prior knowledge of how to operate the system (e.g., the user need not
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`have ever used the system before, since it is completely intuitive how to operate it),
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`and need only know a name or part of a name of the desired entity for which they
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`9
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`seek to obtain information. Id. at 9:60-63. The algorithm includes specific
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`protocols for each of (i) audio interchange with the user (e.g., speech), (ii) tactile
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`interchange with the user (e.g., touch screen), and (iii) combinations of (i) and (ii).
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`Id. at 9:37-10:38.
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`In the “voice prompt” branch (left side of FIG. 4 flowchart), the user is
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`prompted through a series of audible prompts to enter information (which may be
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`entered via speech of the user or the exemplary touch screen) until they converge
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`on a particular desired match from results obtained from a database (which may be
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`a single match, or several possible matches). Id. at 10:22-32. Once the desired
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`“match” is identified by the information system, the appropriate graphic or image
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`is automatically selected for retrieval (e.g., from a networked server) and displayed
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`to the user to provide spatial orientation and a graphic representation of directions.
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`Id. at 10:19-22, 11:15-28. The provided image or graphic is highly localized, so as
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`to immediately spatially orient the user to their local surroundings, including in the
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`exemplary embodiment the image or graphic rendering at least a portion indoors to
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`a building or structure. Id. at 11:15-28.
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`Moreover, with regard to enabling the user to find the desired information
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`(e.g., directions or a map to a local restaurant) and easily “take it with them” after
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`egress from the transport apparatus on their portable device, such functionality
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`obviates the user having to establish a separate wireless or other connection to a
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`network via the portable device. Users within transport apparatus (and/or less
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`capable portable devices such as the exemplary Palm Pilot devices prevalent circa
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`1999) may not have an ability, or time, to establish a separate wired or wireless
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`connection. Id. at 12:50-53. The exemplary embodiment of the ’839 Patent
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`information system solves that issue by providing a vehicle-indigenous interface
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`such that desired data can be conveniently transferred to portable devices via e.g.,
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`preset ““one touchh” touch-sccreen or appplication
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`software ccommandss. Id. at 122:43-
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`13:38, FFIG. 7.
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`FFIG. 7 of thhe ’839 Paatent (reprroduced annd annotateed below)
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`illustratess one
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`exemplaary emboddiment of tthe informmation systeem of FIGG. 1, configgured withh the
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`capacitiive touch sscreen inpuut and dispplay devicee and the hhigh-speedd data interrface
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`(e.g., Unniversal Seerial Bus pprotocol viaa a multi-ppin connecttor). Id. at
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`12:57-13:
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`4. In
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`the illusstrated exaample, touuch-sensitivve functionns correspponding too a pluralitty of
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`“pre-designated” iinformatioon types (e..g., weatheer, directorry for a buiilding, etc.
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`) are
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`s the
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`shown,
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`so as to ennable “one touch” seaarch and d
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`ownload ccapability ffor the userr. Id.
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`at 13:188-27.
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`Applicaation softwware residennt on the uuser’s portaable devicee may alsoo be used a
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`basis off both (i) iinstigation
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`of a searcch of the rremote dat
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`12
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`abase(s) vvia the netwwork
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`e and the
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`informatioon system,
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`and/or (ii
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`to the portable devvice. Id. at
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`12:57-62.
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`) downloaad of desireed informaation
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`FFIGS. 6a annd 6b of thhe ’839 Paatent furtheer illustratee examplees of such ““one
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`f the informmation sysstem.
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`839 Patennt specificaation
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`The commputerizedd informattion systemm discloseed in the ’
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`further
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`improves
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`upon prrevious (mmid-1999 aand prior)) vehiculaar informaation
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`systemss by providding a nummber of otheer features
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`, includingg inter aliaa:
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`(i)
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`integrateed use off short-rannge wireleess technoology (e.gg., RFID)
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`and
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`associateed protoccols
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`for
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`authentication of uusers (Ex.
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`automattic wireleess
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`identtification
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`and
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`1001 at 199:17-21:422; see alsoo Ex. 20055 and
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`Ex. 20066);
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`13
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`(ii)
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`automatic “context” determination, selection, and presentation (on the
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`same display) of secondary content to a user (e.g., a user selecting a
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`given topical category via the touch screen or other input will be
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`automatically presented with contextually relevant “secondary” content
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`such as advertising, in addition to the requested “primary” information)
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`(Ex. 1001 at Abstract, 16:53-18:10, 21:43-25:55, 26:45-55, FIGS. 18a-
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`18d); and
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`(iii)
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`integrated use of various visual-band, infra-red, and/or ultrasonic sensors
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`in data communication with the information system that enable
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`monitoring of areas external to the vehicle (and display of such data on
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`the display device), such as for security purposes (Id. at 16:53-18:10; see
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`also Id. at FIG. 13 (reproduced and annotated below)).
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`14
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`Case IPPR2016-00177
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`Patent 88,781,839
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`The chaallenged cl
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`aims of thee ’839 Pateent are rep
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`roduced beelow for reeference:
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`1. Coomputerizeed apparattus useful ffor locatinng an orgaanization
`building
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`or entity, thhe organizzation or eentity beingg disposedd within a
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`or structuree, the appaaratus compprising:
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`a wirreless interfrface;
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`data pprocessingg apparatuus;
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`a touuch-screen input and display deevice;
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`data processsing apparratus; andd
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`data commmunicatioon with tthe data
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`a stoorage appparatus in
`processing
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`apparatuss, said storrage apparratus compprising at lleast one
`omputer p
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`
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`rogram, saaid at leastt one progrram being
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`configuredd to:
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`a speeech digitizzation appaaratus in ddata commmunication
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`with the
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`o o
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`d p c
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`15
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`Patent 8,781,839
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`the speech
`input via
`receive a digitized speech
`digitization apparatus, the input relating to an organization or
`entity which a user wishes to locate;
`based at least in part on the input, causing recognition of
`at least one word therein relating to the organization or entity,
`and identification of a location associated with the organization
`or entity based at least in part on the at least one recognized
`word, the location being inside of the building or structure; and
`provide a graphical or visual representation of the
`location on the touch screen input and display device in order
`to aid a user in finding the organization or entity, the graphical
`or visual representation of the location also comprising a
`graphical or visual representation of at least the immediate
`surroundings of the organization or entity, the immediate
`surroundings being inside the building or structure.
`
`10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the computerized
`apparatus is mounted on or proximate to a surface of a land-mobile
`transport apparatus such that an operator of the transport apparatus
`can view and access a touch screen of the touch screen input and
`display device, and make input to the speech digitization apparatus,
`while operating the transport apparatus.
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`
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`
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`11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the identification of the
`location comprises accessing a remote server via a network in data
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`16
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`communication with the computerized apparatus via the wireless
`interface.
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`16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the computerized
`apparatus is further configured to display advertising content selected
`by one or more remote servers accessed via a network in data
`communication with the computerized apparatus via the wireless
`interface.
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`
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`
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`22. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one computer
`program is further configured to generate on the touch-screen input
`and display device a plurality of soft function keys or icons, at least
`one of the soft function keys or icons having a function associated
`therewith relating to obtaining directions, and at least one of the soft
`function keys or icons having a function associated therewith relating
`to points of interest.
`
`23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one of the
`soft function keys or icons having a function associated therewith
`relating to directions comprises a function for obtaining directions
`from a current location of the user.
`
`29. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising video data
`apparatus in data communication with the processing apparatus and
`configured to enable video data to be generated and displayed on the
`display device.
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`17
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`35. Computerized apparatus comprising:
`a wireless interface;
`data processing apparatus;
`a touch-screen input and display device;
`a speech recognition apparatus in data communication with the
`data processing apparatus; and
`a storage apparatus in data communication with the data
`processing apparatus, said storage apparatus comprising at least one
`computer program, said at least one program being configured to:
`receive a digitized speech
`input via
`the speech
`recognition apparatus, the input relating to an organization or
`entity disposed within a building or structure which a user
`wishes to locate;
`based at least in part on the input, cause identification of
`a location inside of the building or structure associated with the
`organization or entity; and
`provide a graphical or visual representation of the
`location on the touch screen input and display device in order
`to aid a user in finding the organization or entity, the graphical
`or visual representation of the location comprising a map
`graphic showing the location of the organization or entity
`relative to other organizations or entities proximate thereto
`inside of the building or structure;
`wherein the digitized speech is generated based at least in part
`on user speech received via a microphone in communication with the
`
`
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`18
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`Case IPR2016-00177
`Patent 8,781,839
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`
`speech recognition apparatus, the microphone being mounted within
`the computerized apparatus proximate the touch-screen input and
`display device so that the user can speak into the microphone while
`viewing the touch-screen input and display device; and
`wherein the computerized apparatus:
`is further configured to provide a user a graphical
`representation of directions from their current location to the
`organization or entity,
`the graphical representation of
`directions comprising the map graphic displayed on the touch-
`screen input and display device having at least one arrow
`showing the path for the user to follow inside of the building or
`structure; and
`comprises an interface compliant with an IEEE 802.11
`standard.
`
`Id. at 26:10-40, 27:14-24, 27:41-45, 28:9-20, 28:43-46, 29:1-45.
`
`III. Patent Owner’s Response to Petitioner’s Statement of Facts
`Patent Owner first provides the following responses to various statements set
`
`forth by Petitioner in Section III.A of the Petition.
`
`Petitioner’s Characterization of the Invention
`
`A.
`Petitioner characterizes the invention as follows:
`
`The ’839 patent describes an interactive display in an elevator that is
`responsive to verbal commands.
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`19
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`Case IPR2016-00177
`Patent 8,781,839
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`Pet. at 3. However, the foregoing characterization of the invention is incomplete,
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`and has substantive omissions so as to be misleading. Specifically, the ’839 Patent
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`specification states:
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`The present invention relates to the field of personnel transport
`apparatus, and specifically to elevators and similar devices for
`transporting people from one location to another which incorporate
`various information technologies.
`
`Ex. 1001 at 2:32-35.
`
` It is noted that while the system and methods of the invention
`disclosed herein are described primarily with respect to an elevator
`car, certain aspects of the invention may be useful in other
`applications, including, without limitation, other types of personnel
`transport devices such as trams or shuttles…
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`Id. at 6:61-65. Hence, the specification as originally filed clearly contemplated
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`application of the various aspects of the invention(s) to, inter alia, other types of
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`transport apparatus and transport devices.
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`IV.
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` Petitioner Has Failed to Meet Its Burden of Showing a “Reasonable
`Likelihood” That Any Challenged Claim of the ’839 Patent is
`Unpatentable Due to Obviousness.
`The Board may only grant a petition for inter partes review where “the
`
`information presented in the petition … shows that there is a reasonable likelihood
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`that the petitioner would prevail with respect to at least 1 of the claims challenged
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`20
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`in the petition.” 35 U.S.C. § 314(a); 37 C.F.R. § 42.108(c). Petitioner bears the
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`burden of showing that this statutory threshold has been met. See Office Patent
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`Trial Practice Guide, 77 Fed. Reg. 48,756, (Aug. 14, 2012) [hereinafter “Practice
`
`Guide”] (“The Board … may institute a trial where the petitioner establishes that
`
`the standards for instituting the requested trial are met….”). For each of the
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`following reasons, the petition is fatally deficient and should be denied in full.
`
`A.
`Petitioner Has Failed to Provide Claim Constructions for Several
`Key Terms, Hence the Petition is Fatally Deficient.
`
`Petitioner recites the legal framework within which the claims of the ’839
`
`Patent are to be construed, but thereafter fails to provide construction for several
`
`key terms of the claims, instead stating only that “all claim terms should be given
`
`their broadest reasonable construction.” Pet. at 5. This failure to provide
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`constructions for several key terms of the claims is a fatal defect in the Petition, for
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`it is contrary to the requirement that the petition “identify … [h]ow the challenged
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`claim is to be construed.” 37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(3). Accordingly, the Board should
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`deny institution of this IPR.
`
`More than just an administrative item in the checklist for assembling an inter
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`partes review petition, the need to set forth a proposed construction of the claims is
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`a necessary requirement for any analysis of the claims vis-à-vis the prior art. See,
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`e.g., Blackberry Corp. v. MobileMedia Ideas, LLC, IPR2013-00036, Paper 65 at 20
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`
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`21
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`(Mar. 7, 2014) (recognizing that one cannot conduct a necessary factual inquiry for
`
`determining obviousness—ascertaining differences between the claimed subject
`
`matter and the prior art—without arriving at a proper construction of the claims). A
`
`proper construction includes viewing the claims from the perspective of “a person
`
`of ordinary skill in the art in question at the time of the invention.” Phillips v. AWH
`
`Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 1312-13 (Fed. Cir. 2005) (en banc). “[C]laims must be read
`
`in view of the specification, of which they are a part. … [T]he specification is
`
`always highly relevant to the claim construction analysis. U
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