throbber
From the Institute ofPharmacy at the Friedrich-Schiller University Jena
`
`(Director: Prof. Dr. H. Brauniger)
`
`About the Hydrolytic Decomposition of IMET 3393
`
`By W. Furst, E. Biedermann, W. Ross, S. Hentschel, and M. Hahnel*)
`With 5 illustrations
`
`(Received 05/27/1969)
`
`The cytostatically effective compound ]1\/[ET 3393,32-[l-methyl-5-bis-(fl-chloroethyl)-amino-
`
`benzimidazolyl-(2)]-butanoic acid hydrochloride was presented by W. Ozegowski and D.
`Krebsl) at the Institute for Microbiology and Experimental Therapy in Jena from the perspective
`
`of combining purine and amino acid antagonism as well as the alkylating effect of nitrogen
`
`mustard compounds in one molecule. There are already studies available by H. Baufeld, P.
`Hesse, P. Kohler, and G. Angerz) about the clinical application. Recently, this substance has also
`
`been attributed with an immunosuppressive effect.
`11%
`'-~U‘H
`
`~r:iWH,u— ~»—€;”H.g
`
`;.
`,
`it/“N
`
`)~(’5lI1==»—CH,-—{,3I*I.3—CJmZl1~I
`-HUI
`
`35;,
`IKE» 3.393
`
`At first, the study of the hydrolytic decomposition products which appear under different
`
`conditions was of interest both for the pharmaceutical processing of ]1\/[ET 3393 and the
`
`clarification of the metabolism as well as the further behavior under physiological conditions. It
`
`was already possible to paper chromatographically detect a quick hydrolytic splitting of the Cl
`
`atoms as well as the appearance of several hydrolysis products while preparing a monograph
`
`proposal for DAB 7. While, for example, only one hydrolysis product can be detected with
`
`cyclophosphamide during alkaline hydrolysis, with ]1\/[ET 3393, it was always possible to detect
`
`several compounds in the reaction products obtained under different conditions. For the paper
`
`chromatographic detection, the strong fluorescence of ]1\/[ET 3393 and its decomposition
`
`products under the quartz lamp, which can be attributed to the benzimidazole ring, was
`
`particularly favorable. With other detection agents, particularly potassium iodobismuthate
`
`solution, it was only possible to always detect the same fluorescent substances. Since the
`
`fluorescence is intertwined with the unchanged benzimidazole ring, it can be inferred that there
`
`is no breakdown of this ring system during hydrolysis, and only the nitrogen mustard structure is
`
`involved in this process.
`
`The speed of the Cl splitting both in purely aqueous solution and buffer solution of
`
`different pH values is multiple times that of cyclophosphamide. The forming of the hydrolysis
`
`products depends greatly on the pH value and further components in the solution. In the purely
`
`aqueous solution of the substance, which has a pH value of approximately 3, it is possible, by
`
`*) Students W. Ross, S. Hentschel, and M. Hahnel participated in these studies within the course of the student
`competition.
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-OOO1
`
`

`
`1) W. Ozegowski and D. Krebs, J. prakt. Chem. [4] 20, 178 (1963).
`2) H. Baufeld, P. Hesse, P. Kohler, and G. Anger, Dtsch. Gesd. Wes. 22, 1979 (1967).
`
`
`,2-.s»:»}.:ssr
`I11. 1
`
`Paper chromatogram of the reaction products of 11\/[ET 3393 in aqueous solution after a reaction time of 1-7 days
`
`
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-OOO2
`
`

`
`Quantitative analysis (fluorometric) of the hydrolysis products of IMET 3393 in aqueous solution
`
`immediately executing the chromatography to already detect in ]1\/[ET 3393 (l) a further
`
`fluorescent sub stance (ll) with a slightly lower R1: value in addition to the substance with the
`
`highest R1: value. After leaving the aqueous solution for several hours at room temperature, a
`
`further substance (III) with an even lower R1: value emerges. After letting the aqueous solution
`
`rest further, I and subsequently ll disappear from the solution, so that it eventually only contains
`III.
`
`Comparison with authentic material has shown that in lll, both Cl atoms of ]l\/[ET 3393 are
`
`replaced by OH groups, thus resulting in y-[l-methyl-bis-(,6-chloroethyl)-amino-benzimidazolyl-
`
`(2)]-butanoic acid hydrochloride. As a structure for ll, the formulas established by H. Arnold and
`H. Klose3) as well as H. M. Rauen, A. Reisch, and H Schriever4) for the hydrolytic
`
`decomposition of cyclophosphamide and/or bis-(,6-chloroethyl)-amine, an appropriate
`
`monohydroxy compound of ]1\/[ET 3393 came particularly into consideration. According to H.
`
`M. Rauen and associates, the hydrolytic decomposition of bis-(,6-chloroethyl)-amine takes places
`
`in accordance with the following formula
`
`Q1 ' flflaiafllkma
`.g1,gHa. gfiga/’
`
`anlmelil
`
`E2
`
`1‘;
`\,‘ GH%
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`in mi“ GH">:tqH
`fig .{;$‘$.Q}§|fE
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`.
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`langaam
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`schnell=fast
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`langsam = slow
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`*':-'‘‘‘‘“‘3H
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`31
`
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`1
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`langanm
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`..
`
`1.
`
`.
`
`___ H” CH“? 0H=\>N.H
`H0 . Qfl‘ . 311:!
`
`whereby the aziridines must be viewed as the effective alkylating intermediate stages.
`
`With quantitative analysis of the hydrolysis products of I, it was possible to show that ll
`
`initially grows at the expense of I, that it subsequently reaches a maximum and that eventually
`
`everything passes into III. For the quantitative determinations, the fluorescent spots obtained
`
`during chromatography were cut out, eluted and fluorometrically analyzed. Since an isolation of
`
`ll in substance appeared not to be possible from a preparative point of view due to the overall
`
`insufficient quantities even with the use of several paper chromatograms, another path was
`
`chosen for demonstrating the structure of ll as a monohydroxy compound of ]l\/[ET 3393. ll is
`
`sufficiently stable, so that an elution from the chromatograms is possible. ll was isolated from
`
`several paper chromatograms, which were produced from a preparative perspective, and treated
`
`with a mixture of pyridine and acetic anhydride. This resulted in the compound lla which moved
`
`on the chromatogram with the solvent front. llla, obtained by acetylation of III, also showed a
`
`similar paper chromatographic behavior. After leaving lla in an aqueous solution for several
`
`hours, a further substance llb was paper chromatographically detected, while llla under these
`
`conditions remained unchanged. An alkaline hydrolysis of lla, llb, and llla each resulted in III.
`
`This result supports the conclusion that the free OH group is initially acetylated by ll, forming
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-OOO3
`
`

`
`IIa. IIa is subsequently again subject to a hydrolytic splitting into IIb in the aqueous solution and
`
`eventually changes into III during alkaline hydrolysis.
`
`3) H. Arnold and H. Klose, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 11, 159 (1961).
`4) H. M. Rauen, A, Reisch, and H. Schnever, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 14, 176 (1964).
`
`.0»?!-——GH.
`9
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`11.3.
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`H0-—CH .—cH.
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`I-IE3:-—-iii-3£.;,— arm
`H1
`
`If the hydrolysis is executed in buffer solutions with pH Values between 5 and 10, a number
`
`of further compounds with significantly lower R1: Values are detectable in the reaction product in
`
`addition to the aforementioned compounds II and III. Particularly the compounds IV, V, and VI,
`
`when observed with a UV lamp, show strong fluorescence. In addition, a number of further
`
`compounds can also be detected, but at significantly smaller quantities. In 0.1 n lye, only the two
`
`compounds II and III, which are also present in acidic solutions, can be found. Of course, the
`
`hydrolysis speed is significantly increased in alkaline solution when compared to the purely
`
`_ I D
`fir
`5:]
`
`{:3 Q
`U11»
`5:!
`
`Cf:
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`E
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`I
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`J-1QI:a-.n....g-ua......
`
`-F...)
`
`I
`
`in
`
`up
`
`.5:
`
`0
`
`c
`
`.9’
`I11. 3
`
`:3‘
`
`Paper chromatogram of the reaction products of IMET 3393
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-OOO4
`
`

`
`a) aqueous solution b) 0.1 npotash lye
`
`c) phosphate buffer pH 7.2 after 1 day d) same solution after 2 days
`e) same solution after 11 days
`
`aqueous solution. Attempts to isolate particularly substance IV, which is present at the relatively
`
`greatest quantity, from several paper chromatograms in crystallized form have not yet lead to
`
`success. The compound is sufficiently stable and proved to be chromatographically pure;
`
`however, so far, it has not yet led to defined compounds with the precipitating agents applied. It
`
`is very difficult to extract VI through organic solvents from aqueous phases. A certain
`
`distribution effect can be achieved with higher alcohols. The first assumption that it is a
`
`substance with quaternary nitrogen was not confirmed by a paper electrophoretic examination.
`
`During electrophoresis, the compounds I, III, and VI showed the same behavior with regard to
`
`the isoelectric point. At pH value 4, all three substances did not migrate in the electric field,
`
`while at a lower pH value, they flowed as cation, and at a higher pH value, they flowed as anion.
`
`Contrary to paper chromatographic separation, whereby VI has a significantly lower R1: value
`
`than I and III, the migration speed of VI in the electric field is higher. It can be assumed that the
`
`aziridines present are instrumental in forming the substances IV-VI which are also present in
`
`]1\/lET—similar to formula 1. For them, such conditions are only present within a specific pH
`
`range, which allow for a reaction with each other or with I itself and subsequently lead to the
`
`compounds IV, V, and VI.
`
`Tests with the addition of sodium thiosulfate resulted in a further significant clue about the
`mechanisms of the hydrolysis. According to C. Golumbic, J. S. Fruton, and M. Bergmann5) as
`well as B. Brock and H. Hohorst6), the interrnediately appearing aziridines react with thiosulfate
`
`ions. This is a direct substitution on the ,6-C-atom by the nucleophilic ion. From this perspective,
`
`the titrimetric determination of the alkylating activity of the cyclophosphamide was executed by
`
`N. Brock and H. Hohorst. When the activity was compared in accordance with this method,
`
`]1\/[ET 3393 proved to be many times more effective than cyclophosphamide and bis-(,6-
`
`chloroethyl)-amine.
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-OOO5
`
`

`
`5'
`
`5
`
`ml
`
`Wm Afar: ~5‘_;=~b§?,= -My
`
`5
`
`,5
`
`4»
`
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`
`A
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`
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`ram 0 33wwwwwwwwwwii 4::
`111. 4
`
`it
`
`A
`aw min
`
`50
`
`Alkylating activity of A = cyclophosphamide, B = bis-(fl-chloroethyl)-amine, C = IMET 3393
`Lsg : Solution
`
`5) C. Golumbic, J. S. Fmton, and M. Bermann, J. org. Chem. 11, 536 (1946).
`6) B. Brock and H. Hohorst, Arzneirnittel-Forsch. 11, 164 (1961).
`
`The forming of oxazolidone derivatives during the reaction of cyclophosphamide with
`hydrogen carbonations, as described by H. Beckel and H. Arnold7), was at first not observable
`
`with ]1\/[ET 3393. Paper chromatographically, no other reaction products were detectable after
`
`the addition of sodium hydrogen carbonate than were with the execution of the hydrolysis in an
`
`aqueous phosphate buffer solution with comparable pH value.
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0006
`
`

`
`Paper chromatogram of the reaction products of IMET 3393
`
`Ill. 5
`
`a) in aqueous solution, b) with the addition of sodium thiosulfate,
`buffer pH value z 7 .2
`
`c) with the addition of glycine in phosphate
`
`First orientating examinations regarding the behavior of lI\/[ET 3393 in blood serum resulted
`
`in distinct differences from the behavior in aqueous solution with comparable pH value. In blood
`
`serum, only the compounds II and III as hydrolysis products were found in addition to the
`
`unchanged I, while the substances IV-VI generated at a pH value of approximately 7.2 were
`
`absent. Furthermore, ]1\/IET 3393 is quickly bonded to the blood proteins during the incubation
`
`with blood serum. On the paper chromatogram, fluorescent substances remained to an increasing
`
`extent at the starting spot, depending on the duration of the incubation. Said substances were not
`
`observable during hydrolysis in aqueous solution. In all likelihood, they are proteins that reacted
`
`with ]1\/[ET 3393. It was also possible to detect the quick reaction of ]1\/[ET 3393 with amino
`
`7) H. Beckel and H. Arnold, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 14, 759 (1964).
`
`acids with the addition of glycine to aqueous buffer solutions with different pH values. Once
`
`again, the compounds IV-VI, otherwise to be found in such reaction products, were absent. In
`
`contrast, several new compounds in the range of the R1: values of the compounds II and III were
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-OOO7
`
`

`
`detected, whereby it was not clearly distinguishable whether 11 and III themselves were among
`
`those or whether they were exclusively reaction products with glycine.
`
`Further examination of these compounds as well as clarification of the entire hydrolytic
`
`decomposition will continue.
`
`Test components
`
`1. Paper chromatographic examinations
`
`According to the ascending method, the chromatography was executed on Schleicher-Schuell
`
`paper 2040 b and the solvent butanol-glacial acetic acid-water (4 + l + 5). After an incubation
`
`period of approximately 15 h, the solvent was removed and detection under the UV lamp
`
`undertaken. The overall exposure under these conditions with punctiform application can be
`
`approximately 50 ug. For the preparative extraction of the hydrolysis products, it is possible to
`
`apply as lines approximately 1 mg substance on a sheet of paper with a width of approximately
`
`40 cm. The resulting paper chromatographic separation is subsequently sufficiently sharp under
`the same conditions.
`
`2. Fluorometric determination
`
`For the elution of ]1\/[ET 3393, as well as its hydrolysis products, an intensive extraction with
`
`methanol is required. Fur such purpose, the cut out paper strips were extracted twice with 2 ml
`
`methanol each while being heated, as well as replacing the evaporating methanol on the water
`
`bath. The combined methanol extracts were filled with methanol to 5 ml, and the solution was
`
`measured in the Spekol with fluorescence approach at an excitation wavelength of 363 nm.
`
`3. Paper electrophoretic examination
`
`The hydrolysis products previously isolated by preparative paper chromatography were
`
`examined with the use of different Britton-Robinson buffers (pH values 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0,
`
`7.0). At a test duration of 12 h and a voltage of 240 V, migration distances of 3-6 cm were
`reached.
`
`4. Determination of the alkylating activity
`
`0.3 mmol ]1\/[ET 3393, bis-(,6-chloroethyl)-amine as well as cyclophosphamide were each
`
`dissolved in 30 ml water with an addition of 60 ml 0.01 n Na2S2O3 solution and 30 ml phosphate
`
`buffer, pH value = 7.36. The mixture was stored for 60 min at 37 °C, and every 15 min, an
`
`aliquot part was titrated with 0.01 n iodine solution. A blank experiment was arranged in the
`
`same way. The differences in consumption were used as index of the alkylating activity.
`
`This is a report about the hydrolysis products of the new cytostatic ]1\/[ET 3393. It was
`
`Conclusion
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-OOO8
`
`

`
`possible to observe significant differences during the course of the hydrolysis on the basis of pH
`
`value and composition of the solution. It was possible to more closely analyze some hydrolysis
`
`products with regard to their formation and kinetics.
`
`Address: Docent Dr. W. Furst, 69 Jena, Neugasse 24
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0009
`
`

`
`
`
`Momingside
`
`Trcmslations
`
`TRANSLATION CERTIFICATION
`
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`
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`State of New York
`
`Date: October 22, 2015
`
`To whom it may concern:
`
`This is to certify that the attached translation from German into English is an accurate
`
`representation ofthe documents received by this office.
`
`The documents are designated as:
`0
`Furst article
`
`Austin Lowe, Project Manager in this company, attests to the following:
`
`”To the best of my knowledge, the aforementioned documents are a true, full and accurate
`
`translation ofthe specified documents.”
`
`Signature of Austin Lowe
`
`W"44' 6/25/2°15’ Re"°
`
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`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0010
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`

`
`._._____¢.... ..... -_. -- ..._ ........ ___.-,.~.. , ..
`._. _._...,....
`_—..—..—_..f.._..__._.... ._ - .*...:_
`608
`_
`1 Pharma:e2m'sche Zentralhalle, Bd.108. Heft!)
`
`Aux rim): P/Inrlimzeuti-Sr/zen Institut der Fr'ied1'ich-Schiller-TIm'vers2Itt‘i! Jana
`
`(Direktor: Prof. Dr. H. Brb'.unige r)
`
`Uber den hydrolytischen Abbau von IMET 3393
`
`VonW.Fi'1rst.E. Biulcx-numn. W. Roos. S. Hentschel und M. Hb‘.hnol*)
`
`.\[it 15 Abbildungen
`
`(Ehlganng 27. 5. 1969)
`
`cytostatisclu wirk.~<zune Verbindung IMET 3393,)»-[1-Methy1—5~bis-(fi’-chlor5.thyl)~
`Die
`amino-1)enzimidav.zolyl~(2)]-buttersiiureh ydroc-lxlorid wurde von W. Ozegowslcl untl D.
`Kr ebsl) im Institut fur Mikrobmlogne und expermleutelle Thempie in Jena. unter dem Ge-
`sichtzspunkt dargestellt, Purin- und Ami;xoséiureantagonisxxxus sowie die alkylierende Wirkung
`von N-Lost-Verbindungen in einem Molekiil zu vereinigen. Uber die lclinische Anwendung
`dicset Substanz als Cytosta,ticum1iege11 bereits Uutersuchungen von I-I. Baufeld , P. Hess e ,
`I’. K6 hler unrl G. Ange 1*‘) var. Neuerdings xvird dieser Substzmz uuch eine innnunopressive
`Wirkung 7.11gesc11riel)en.
`
`c1—u2c~4 UH_, \
`
`(.‘1-—-H._,_(.‘- --CH2”
`
`'
`
`.L\'___/ \/N \
`
`1,
`
`>——~(%H,-—CH,—(.'H.3——C.'()0H
`\/‘N -HCI
`$3,,
`IMET 339:3
`
`(such fiir die
`Sowohl fiit die wcnzere pl1u1'nm.zeut:1.sac11e Bezwbeiturig von IMET 3393 «L18
`Kliiruug dea Metubollsmua sowie des weiterexx Verhaltens umber physiologmchen Gregcbem
`heiten war zunéichs'b the Uni.-ersuchung der unter verschwdenen Betlingungeu mlftretenden
`hydrolytlschen Abbauprodnkte von Interesse. Be:-eits bei der Au [sbellung eines Monographie-
`vorschlages fiir «las DAB 7 kounlze eine schnelle hydrolytische Abspaltung der G1-Atome. uowie
`dus Auftrebeu mehrerer Hydrolyseprodukte papierchrommtographisoh nachgewiesen warden.
`Wfihrend z. B. beim Cyclop]1ospl1amid bei der allcalischen Hydrolyse praktisch nur ein I-Iydro~
`lyseprorlukt 11a.uh\veisba.r1st, Wa.1'e11 bex IMET 3393 stats mehrere Verbindungen in den unter
`verscluedenen Bedingungeu erlmltenen Rea.ktio11sprodukten zulfzuiinden. Als besmnders
`gilnstig erwms sich dabei fiir den papierclu-omatographismhen Naohweis die stnrke Flnorescenz
`von IMET 3393 unrl semen Abbauprodukten unter der Qua.rz1a.mpe, die 9.111 den Benzin1ida.—
`zolring zuriickzufxihren ist. Mit underen Detektionsmitteln, insbesondere Ka.liumjodowismu-
`tatlfisung, konnten stets um: die gleichen Eluorescierenclen Substanzen nawhgewiesen werden.
`D8. die Fluorescenz mit dem unveriinderten Benzimidazoh-ing verkniipfb ist, kann daraua
`geschlosseu werdeu, da.I3 bei der Hydrolyae keme Aufspaltuxlg dieses Ringsystexns erfolgt,
`sonclern nur die N-Lost-Struktur an dlesem Prozefi beteiligt isb.
`,
`Die Geschwindigkeib der C1-Abspultung sowohl in rain wia‘.I3riger Liisung wie in Pu[fe1'16su11-
`gen verschietleneu pH—Wer1.es betreigb gegeniiber Cyclophosphmnid ein 111elu'fuches. Die Bil-
`dung der Hydrolyseprodukte ist stark vom pH-Wert und weiteren Komponenten In der L6-
`sung nbhialngig. In rein wii.I31*iger Ldsung cler Substmxz, (lie otwa. einen pH-Wart von 3 aut-
`weiat, kmm 1)eis0fo1‘t.ige1‘ D1u‘ch[L'Lh1-ung den Chroxnatogmphie bereibs nebeu der Su1)sta.nz mit
`dem gr‘df3ten R;.»—We1't dem IMET 3393 (I) eine weitere fluoresoierenrle b‘ubstnnz (U) mic
`
`*) Dxe Sbudenten W. Boos, S. IIentsc«he1 und M. Hnlhnel wzmren 1m Rnxlnnen dcs St.udm1t.eu-
`Wettstreibs an dieeen Unbe1'suchuuge11 beteiligt.
`‘) W. Ozegowaki uud D. Krebs, J. prakt. Chem. [4] 20, 178 (1963).
`3) H. Baufeld, P. Hesse, P. Kohler und G. Anger, Dtsch. Gesd. Wes. 22, 1079 (1967).
`
`Kople von subno e V , geheferl fur Helm Pharmaceuhcals GmbH (COM02X0O220)
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0011
`
`

`
`Fit:-st 21 Mitarb.: Uber den hydrolytischen Abbau non IMET 3393
`
`
`609
`
`
`
`6
`
`
`
`7
`
`7
`
`Pa.pierohroma,tog1-atnm der Remktio
`
`2
`
`1/
`
`5
`
`.3
`Abb. 1
`nap:-odukte von IMET 3393 in wiiflrigcr Léaung naoh einer Rank-
`tions<1n.11e1' V01’). 1——'7 Tmgen
`
`
`7
`2
`3
`-{I
`.5
`6'
`7
`3
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`Z‘
`Abb. 2
`
`Quzmtitubive Auawcrbung (fluoxnmetriach)
`
`(1% ]:Iyr1rolyseprodukLe von IMET3393 in wiiflriger
`
`dsung
`
`Kopwe Von substo e V . geueferl fur Helm Pharmaceuticals GmbH (COM02X0O220)
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0012
`
`

`
`51¢)
`
`Pharmazeutische Zentralhalle. Bd.108, He1’t9
`
`_;j__....
`
`et,\vz1.~x geringerem RI.--Wert nachgewiesen warden. Nach einigen Stunden Stehen der w5i.13rige11
`Ldsung bei Zinnnertempemtur tritt dann eine weitere Substanz (III) mit noch geringerem
`R1:-Wert. nuf. Bc-im welteren Stehen versohwindet zuniichst I und nnschliefiend II aus der
`Liisxmg. so (1113 schliefilich nur noch III dméin enthalten ist.
`Dutch Vergleich mit authentischem Material konnte gezeigt Worden, daJ3 in III beide Cl-
`Atome von IMET 3393 clureh OH—Gruppen ersetzb sind und damit dos y—[1-Met11y1—bis-(,3-
`11ydroxyaithyl)-amino~benzimida.zo1yl—(2)]-buttersiiurehydrochlorid vorliegt. Fiir II kam als
`Struktur besonders durch die Von H. Arnold und H. Klose3) Howie V011 H. M. Rauen,
`A. Reisch und H. Sc11riever4) fiir den hydrolytischen Abbuu V011 Cyclophosphmnid bzw.
`Bis-(fl-chlorfithyl)-amin aufgestellten Schemata eine entsprechende Monoh ydroxyverbmdung
`dos IMET 3393 in Betracht. Nuch H. M. Rauen und Mitarbeitern erfolgt der hydrolytische
`Abbau Von Bis-(6-cblorblthyl)-am1n nach folgendem Schema
`
`C1 ' CH2 '
`01.0112 . CH2/
`
`__C]9 _+
`langsam
`
`CI « on - CH
`
`_’
`
`+ HBO —>
`langsam
`
`_
`
`_
`
`CH2
`H0 .0112 . CH2
`
`2
`2 fir
`H20 _/_ \ CH2
`schnell
`H C~—-*—CH
`2
`HO-H30 - Hal‘,
`
`2
`
`_* H0-CH2
`H0 .0119. CH2!
`
`langsnm
`
`wobei die Aziridine als die wirksamen alkylierenden Zwisclmnstufen anzusehen smd.
`Durch quantitative Analyse der Hyrlrolyseprodukte von I liefl sich zeigen, (1213 II zuniichst‘.
`auf Kosten von I anwiichst, damn ein Maximum erreicht und schliefilich alles in III iibergeht.
`Zu den quantitativen Bestimmungen wurden die bei der Chromatogmphie erhaltenen fluores-
`ciereuden Flecke uusgeschnitten, eluiert und fluorometrisch ausgewertzet. Du eine Isolierung
`von II in Subshsmz wegen der insgesamt zu geringen Mengen ouch beim Einsatz mehrerer
`Pa.pierc1n'omo.togra.mme unter priiparativen Gesiohtspunkten nicht mijglich erschien, Wurde
`zum Beweis der Struktur von II 3.19 Monohydroxyverbindung dos IMET 3393 am anderer
`Weg beschritteu. II ist ausreichend stabil, so da.I3 eine Elution von den Chromatogrammen
`mbglich ist. Aus mehreren unter pmparativell Gesichtspunkten hergestellten Pa.piercl1romn.—
`togrammen wurde II isoliert und mit einer Mischung von Pyridin und Essigsiiureanhydrid
`behandelt. Dabei entstand die Verbindung IIa, die sich auf dem Ohromamogmmm mit der
`Laufmittelfront bewegte. Ein ahnliches papierchromatographiaches Verhalten zeigtc much
`das aus III dutch Acetylierung erhaltenc IIIa. Beim Stehenlassen Von H3, in wiifiriger Lijsung
`konnte nnch mehreren Stunden papie1'ohromatogra.phisc11 eine weitere Substanz IIb nach-
`gewiesen warden, wiihrend IIIa unter diesen Bedingungen unveriamderb blieb. Bei allmlischer
`Hydrolyse Von IIa., IIb und IIIa entstand jeweils III. Diese Ergebnisse lassen den Schlufl zu,'
`da.B zuniichst die fraie OI~I-Gruppe von II acetyliert wird unter Bildung Von Ila. I19, unter-
`liegt damn in wiifiriger Ltisung erneut einer hydrolyfiachen Spaltung zu Ilb und geht dmm bei
`der alkalischen Hydrolyse in III fiber.
`_ x _
`,OC—CH
`HO (.3, cH.,,\N_R O\0C__CH:
`
`Pyridin
`C1——CH2——CH2/
`II
`\
`\
`I
`-9 cH.,——coo—~cH2~cH,\NHR __0§:__) Ho—_cH2——cH,\/NhR
`H0~CH2—-CH,/
`I—I0—— JH2— 0112/
`III:
`H1
`
`_« _ _
`CH3 coo CH, CH2\N~R
`Cl-CH2-—CH/I
`I19.
`
`0 H20
`
`9) H.A1'nold und I-I. Klose, Arzneimittel-Forsoh. 11, 159 (1961).
`‘) H. M. Rauen, A. Reisoh und H. Schriever, Arzneimittel-Forsoh. 14, 176 (1964).
`
`Kople von subno e V , geluefert fur Helm Pharmaceuticals GmbH (COM02X00220\
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0013
`
`

`
`
`
`F111-st zc. Mita1'b.: Uber den hydrolytischen Abbau van IMET 3393 611
`
`Wird the Hydrolyse in Pufferifisungen V011 pH-Werten zwisohen 5 11nd 10 durchgefi'Llu-t, so
`sind in dem Reaktionsprodukt; neben den oben geutmnten Verbindungen II und III eine Reihe
`weiterer Verbindungen mit wesentlich niedrigeren R1:--Werten naohweisbar. Insbesondere die
`Verbmdungen IV, V und VI zeigen beim Betmchten unter der UV—LsLmpe cine atarke Fluores-
`cenz. Da.11ebeI1 sind noch eine Reihe welterer Verbindungeu, allerdings in wesentlich geringerer
`Mange, nac11weisba.r. In 0,1 nLauge treten um‘ die beirlen {Lush in saurer Lijsungen vorl1and.e-
`nen Verbindungen II und III am‘. Die Hydrolysegeschwindigkeit ist in allzalisclxer Liisuug
`na.b1'ir1ich Wesentlioh erhéht; gegeniiber der rein Iviiflrigen Lfisung. Versuche, insbesondere die
`in 1-elativ gr6f.%be1' Menge nuftretende Substanz VI aus mehreren Papierchromatogmllutleu in
`
`III
`IIIII
`IIIII
`
`3$I
`
`II'1‘I
`
`
`
`I———--_-_.....’_-.--..__..—_._o—..._
`
`-;-_-__----I‘IIIJ4’
`
`a
`
`0
`
`c
`
`a’
`Abb. 3
`
`6‘
`
`Papiercllroznatqgrmnnl der Reuktionsprodukte von IM ET 3393
`I1) wiiflrigo Liisung,
`b) 0,1 n Kaltlrmge
`(2) Plmsplxtttptlffer pH 7,2 nach 1 Tag
`nach 2 Tagen e) glexclxe Lbsung ntwh ll Tagexx
`
`(1) gleiche Ldsung
`
`lmstzzllisierter Form 211 isolieren, ffihrten bisher noch nicht zum Erfolg. Die Vcrbinrlung ist
`a.usIreIchend stabil und crwies sich nls c11mIna+.ogI‘np11isch rein ; sie ergzzb jerloch mit bisher am-
`gewzmdten Fiilluxzgsreagexxtien noch keine definierten Verbindungen. VI isnt nur sehr sohwer
`(lurch orgamische Lmungsmittel M13 wu.ssc1‘lw.ltigen Plmsen a.usschiitte1ba.1'. Ein gewisser Ver-
`teiluI1gse£[ekt ist mit héheren Allcoholen zu erreichen. Die ersfze AunIIl1me, dafi es sich um eino
`Substanz mib quarterniimexn Sbickstofi lmndeln kiinnte, bestaitigte aich dm'(-.11 einc papie1'elek—
`t;rophore(.isohe Untersuohung uicht. Die Vex-bflxduzlgen I, III, und VT zeigfsen bei rler Pa.pI'er-
`elektrophorese hinsichtlich des iaoe1el:trische11 Punkbes ein gleiclms Ve1'1w.1ten. Allc drei Sub-
`stanzexx wanderten bet pI-I—Wer13 4 nic]1t.1'm e1ekt7I:iscl1en Feld, wiilII:eI1d sic uIIteI'lIa1b dieses
`pI-I-Wertes als Kantian uncl oberlmlb des pI‘I—Wertes sich snls Anion be.weg1;en. Im Gegetlsatz
`zur pempierr-.hroInu.1;ogrILphisc[1en Trennung, wobei VI amen wo.~Ient2lich gcI‘1nge1'en fRp«We1't
`uh; I und II1 aufwcist, ist die Wu.11deruug.~Igesc}1Ivindigkeib Von VI im elektrirsclxexn Feld g1'6BeL'.
`
`Kopuc Von subllo e V , gehefert tur Helm Pharmaceuticals GmbH (COM02X00220)
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0014
`
`

`
`612
`-V-~——..¢_._._......._.-
`
`Pharmazeutische Zentralhalle, Ed. 108, Heft .9
`_._,._._._ _.______....,.\,_._ ._ .é..
`
`Es ist an zuneluueu, dad} .111 der Bildung der Substamzen IV——VI die auch beimIM_ET -— éihnlich
`wie in Schema 1 uus;zedr1ic-lat. —— vorhandenen Aziridine Inafigeblich beteiligt sind. Filr diese
`liegen nm in einem hesbimmten pH-Bcreich solche Bedingungen vor, die eine Reaktion untex-~
`einander oder mit- 1 selbst gestntte11 und Llann zu den Verbindungen IV, V und VI f1‘ih1'e11.
`Einen weiteren wesentlichen Hinwels fiber den Mechzmismus cler Hydrolyse e1'ga.'benUn1:er-
`suchungen unter Zusatz von Natriumthioaulfat. Nach .A.nga.be11 von 0. Golumbi c, J. S.
`Fr u 1: on und M. B ergm a 21:15) smvie N. Br 0 ck und H. H ohorsffi) reagieren die internnedifiu‘
`auftretendeu Aziridine mit Thiosulfationen. Es handelt sich dabei um cine direkte Substitu-
`
`tnon. am ,6’-C~Atom durch dns nucleopluie Ion. Unbor diesem Gesichtspunkt wurde die tiLrime-
`trische Besbilmnung (ler alkylierenden Alztivitiit beim Cyclophosphamid V011 N. Brock und
`I-I. Hohors t durchgefiihrtz. Beim Vergleich der Aktivitélt nach dieser Methode erwies sich
`IMET 3393 um emmehrfacl1es wirksamer nls Cyclophosphamid und Bis-(13-ohIoriLb11y1)~a.min.
`
`ml
`
`/7/zoo /V03 .92 03 — My
`
`
`
`70
`
`20
`
`30
`
`40
`Ab b. 4
`
`50
`
`60 min
`
`Alkylierende Aktivithlb von A = Cyclophosphumid, B = Bis-(13-ohlordthyl)-amin, C = IMET 3393
`
`Bei cler papierchronmtogmphischen Untersuchung der Reaktionsprodukte Von IMET 3393
`mit Natriumthiosulfat bei pH 7,2 zeigte sich iiberra.sc11enderweise, c1aI3 Verbindung III, die
`sonst regelméifiig auch bei unterschiedlichen pH-Werten und verschiedenen Pufferlfisungcn
`im Reaktionsgemisch enthalten War, hier nicht auftrat. Demgegeniiber waren zwei andere
`Verbindungen, deren R1:-Werte gegeniiber II und III zwur nur wenig, aber clennoch a.usrei~
`chend deutlich verschoben sind, vorhanden. Diese Erscheinung kann so gekliirt warden, (12113
`die a.1s Zwischenverbindungen a.uftretenden Aziridine so sclmcll mit dem Thiosulfntion rea,gie-
`ren, dafl Iceiue Bildung der Hyclroxylverbindung eintreteu lmnn. Die 'I‘hiosu1fa.tverbindung
`Wircl claun nicht weiter hydrolytisch gespalten. Inwieweit n eben einem Thi os111fats11bstituen-
`ten rlann noch ein unver§.ndertcs 01-Atom vorliegen kann orler die Bildung einer Monohydro—
`xyverbindung e1-folgt, konnte bisher noch nicht eindeutig gekléirt werden.
`
`5) C. Golumbic, J. S. Fruton und M. Bergmann, J. org. Chern.11, 536 (1946).
`3) N. Brock und H. Eohorst, Arzneimittel-Forach. 11, 164 (1961).
`
`Kopne von aublto e V . gehefert fux Helm Phauma<.eul<caIs GmbH (COM02)<00220)
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0015
`
`

`
`
`Fu'rst u. M2‘tarb.: Uber den hyd1'olytischen Abbau van IMET 3393
`
`613
`
`Die Von I-I. Beckel und H. Arno1d") besohriebene Bildung von Oxazolidolmderivaten bei
`der Reaktion Von Cyolophosphamid mit Hydrogencambonationen konnte beim IMET $393
`vorerst nicht beobachtet werden. Pnpierchromatogmphisch waren mach Zusadsz von Nabr1um—
`hydrogencarbonat keine zmderen Reaktionsprodukte nachweisbnr als bei der D111-chfifllrung
`der Hydrolyse in einer wiifirigelx Phospha,tpuffer16sung vergleichbaren pH-Wer5J68.
`
`Papie1'chromu.togra.mm der Rcaktiollaprodttlctc von 1ME'J‘ 3393
`n) in w‘riBrigor Ldisung, b) unter Zuszvtz von Natriumblxiosulfat,
`n) untorZusn.t7. vcm Glykokoll in
`Phosphatpuffer pl-I-‘Wart. = 7,2
`
`Abb. 5
`
`Erste o1~ien1;ierenc1e Untersuchungen fiber das Verlmlten von IMET 3393 im Blutscrum
`ergnben deutliche Unterschiede zum Verhsnlten in wiifiriger Ltisung vergleichburen pH-Werten.
`Im Blutserum traizen neben unveriimdertem I nur die Verbindungen 11 untl III £1.18 I—Iydro1yHe-
`produkte auf, wiihrencl die sonst bei einem pH—Wert von otwa. 7 ,2 entstehtmden Substaxxzarl
`IV-VI fehlten. Weiterhin wird IMET 3398 w'a‘.hrend d an Inkubntion mil; Blmzncm-11111 sclmtsll an
`die Bltxteiweilikbrper gebunden. A111‘ clem Papierclxronmzxtogrmnxn bliebcn jc xmch 1)m1m~ «lcr
`Inkubntion in steigendem Urnfung Iluoreacierende Stoffe am Startfleclc zurfick, die bui «lcr
`Hydrolyse in wfifiriger Ltisung nioht zu beobachten waran. Es handelt; sink Llazlmi mit. gmflol:
`Wzmrsclxeinlichkeib um Eiwcifiktirper, die mit dem IMET 3393 in Rtmktitm gr-.1'.I'cLc11 xind.
`
`7) I-I. Beokel und H. Arnold, Arzneimittol-Forsoh. 14-, 759 (19%).
`
`Kopne Von subllo e V . gehefert fur Helm Phaumaceutvcals GmbH (COM02X0O220)
`
`FRESENIUS KABI 1025-0016
`
`

`
`514
`
`Pharmazeutische Zentralhalle, Bd.108, Heft9
`
`Die schiielln Rmalctiuii vrm IMET 3393 mit Ami11os$3'.111'e11 liefi sich auch nachweisen beim Zu-
`satz vnn Glykokoll zu wa'iI3rigen Pufferbsungen verschiedenen pH—Wertes. Es fehlten wiede1'-
`um in sololien Reaktinnsprodukten die sonst auft;ret.enr1en Verbuidungen IV—-VI. Deingegeiv
`iiher trnten mehrere neue Verbindungen im Bereich der R5-—Werte der Verbindungen II und
`III nuf. wobei uicht cleutlich zu entscheideu War, ob II mid III selbst unter ilmen waren oder
`ob es sich i1llS~K‘i1liCB1iCi1 um Reaktionsprodukte mit dem Glykokoll haaidelte.
`Die niihere Untcrsuchung dieser Verbindungen sowie die \\'ei’oe1'e Kliimiig des geszunten
`hydrolytisciieii Ahbnus wird weiter verfolgt.
`
`Versuchsleil
`
`1. Pupi91'o}iror11atographische Untersuchungen
`
`Nnch der aufsteigenden Methode wurde auf Schleicher-Schiiil-Papier 20401) und clam Luufmittel
`Buimnol-Eisessig-Wnsser («L + 1 + 5) die Chromatographic durchgefiihrt. No.0}: einer EnbwickIungs-
`zeit vou etwo. 15 h wurde das Laufmibtel eiitfernt und die Detekbion unter der UV~Ln.mpe vorgenom-
`men. Die Gesanicbelastung kzmn unter clieseu Bedingungen bei punlcbférinigem Auftragen etwa 50 pg
`betragen. Zur prapurutiven Gewiunung der Hydroiyseprodukte ist es méglioh, etwn. 1 mg Substanz
`nuf ainem etwo. 40 cm breiten Papierbogeu sbrichféirmig mifzutrugezi. Die papierclirolimtogrztphisclie
`Trennung erfolgt damn uuter gleichen Beclingungen misreichend schnrf.
`
`:2. Fluoi-olnetrisolle Bestimiuung
`
`Zur Elation von IMET 3393 sowie seiner Hydrolyseprodukte ist eine intensive Extruktion mit Mo-
`tlitmol erfordcriich. Duzu wurden die auagesolmittenen Papierstreifen mehrere Stundeu zweimal mit
`jeweils 2 mi Methamol unter Erwin-men sowie Ersatz des verdu.mpfendeu Metliaaxols uuf dem Wasser-
`bad extmliiert. Die vereimgten Metlmnolexti-u.kte wurden mil: Methanol nuf 5 ml aufgefiillb und die
`Léisung im Spekoi mit Fluorescenzansntz bel dei Anregungswellenliinge 363 nm gemessen.
`
`3. Papierelektrophoretische Uni-crsuchung
`
`Die zuvor durch pi'iipm'o.tive Pap1erchromn.bogmpl1ie isoiierhen Hydrolyseprodukte wiwdeu unter
`Verwrentlung vcrschiedener Britton-R0binso

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