`
`Technical Specification
`
`Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+);
`Location Services (LCS);
`(Functional description) - Stage 2
`(GSM 03.71 version 7.3.0 Release 1998)
`
`
`
`
`
`R
`
`
`
`GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR
`MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
`
`
`
`
`
`Apple Inc. Exhibit 1005 Page 1
`
`
`
`Reference
`RTS/SMG-030371Q7R1 (xxxxxxxx.PDF)
`
`Keywords
`GSM, LCS
`
`ETSI
`
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`Copyright Notification
`
`No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
`The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
`
`© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2000.
`All rights reserved.
`
`
`Apple Inc. Exhibit 1005 Page 2
`
`
`
`Table of Contents
`
`Intellectual Property Rights ................................................................................................................................ 8
`Foreword............................................................................................................................................................. 8
`1
`Scope ........................................................................................................................................................ 9
`2
`Normative references ............................................................................................................................... 9
`3
`Definitions, abbreviations and symbols ................................................................................................. 10
`3.1
`Definitions ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
`3.2
`Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................... 11
`3.3
`Symbols ........................................................................................................................................................... 12
`4
`Main concepts ........................................................................................................................................ 12
`4.1
`Assumptions .................................................................................................................................................... 12
`4.2
`Timing Advance (TA) ..................................................................................................................................... 13
`4.3
`Time of Arrival (TOA) positioning mechanism .............................................................................................. 13
`4.4
`Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD) positioning mechanism......................................................... 13
`4.5
`Global Positioning System (GPS) positioning mechanism .............................................................................. 13
`5
`General LCS architecture ....................................................................................................................... 13
`5.1
`LCS access interfaces and reference points ..................................................................................................... 13
`5.2
`LCS Functional diagram .................................................................................................................................. 14
`5.3
`LCS CLIENT ................................................................................................................................................... 15
`5.3.1
`LCS Component ......................................................................................................................................... 15
`5.3.1.1
`Location Client Function (LCF) ........................................................................................................... 15
`5.4
`LCS Server....................................................................................................................................................... 15
`5.4.1
`Client handling component ........................................................................................................................ 15
`5.4.1.1
`Location Client Control Function (LCCF) ........................................................................................... 15
`Location Client Authorization Function (LCAF) ................................................................................. 15
`5.4.1.2
`5.4.1.2.1
`Access Subfunction ......................................................................................................................... 15
`5.4.1.2.2
`Subscription Subfunction ................................................................................................................ 15
`5.4.2
`System handling component ...................................................................................................................... 16
`5.4.2.1
`LMU Mobility Management Function (LMMF) .................................................................................. 16
`5.4.2.2
`Location System Control Function (LSCF) .......................................................................................... 16
`5.4.2.3
`Location System Billing Function (LSBF) ........................................................................................... 16
`5.4.2.4
`Location Client Coordinate Transformation Function (LCCTF) .......................................................... 16
`5.4.2.5
`Location System Operations Function (LSOF) .................................................................................... 16
`5.4.2.6
`Location System Broadcast Function (LSBcF) .................................................................................... 17
`5.4.3
`Subscriber Component .............................................................................................................................. 17
`5.4.3.1
`Location Subscriber Authorization Function (LSAF) .......................................................................... 17
`5.4.3.2
`Location Subscriber Privacy Function (LSPF) ..................................................................................... 17
`5.4.4
`Positioning component .............................................................................................................................. 17
`5.4.4.1
`Positioning Radio Coordination Function (PRCF) ............................................................................... 17
`5.4.4.2
`Positioning Radio Assistance Function (PRAF) ................................................................................... 17
`5.4.4.3
`Positioning Calculation Function (PCF) ............................................................................................... 17
`5.4.4.4
`Positioning Signal Measurement Function (PSMF) ............................................................................. 17
`5.5
`Information Flows between Client and Server................................................................................................. 17
`5.5.1
`Location Service Request ........................................................................................................................... 18
`5.5.2
`Location Service Response ........................................................................................................................ 18
`5.6
`Logical architecture ......................................................................................................................................... 18
`5.6.1
`BSS............................................................................................................................................................. 19
`5.6.2
`LCS Client .................................................................................................................................................. 19
`GMLC ........................................................................................................................................................ 19
`5.6.3
`5.6.4
`SMLC ......................................................................................................................................................... 19
`5.6.5
`MS .............................................................................................................................................................. 20
`5.6.6
`LMU ........................................................................................................................................................... 20
`5.6.7
`MSC ........................................................................................................................................................... 21
`5.6.8
`HLR ............................................................................................................................................................ 21
`
`Apple Inc. Exhibit 1005 Page 3
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`
`
`5.6.9
`5.6.10
`5.7
`5.8
`6
`6.1
`6.1.1
`6.1.2
`6.1.2.1
`6.1.2.2
`6.2
`6.3
`6.4
`6.4.1
`6.4.2
`6.5
`6.6
`7
`7.1
`7.1.1
`7.1.1.1
`7.1.1.2
`7.1.1.3
`7.1.2
`7.1.2.1
`7.1.2.2
`7.1.2.3
`7.2
`7.2.1
`7.2.1.1
`7.2.1.2
`7.2.2
`7.2.2.1
`7.2.2.2
`7.3
`7.3.1
`7.3.1.1
`7.3.1.2
`7.3.2
`7.3.2.1
`7.3.2.2
`7.4
`7.4.1
`7.4.1.1
`7.4.1.2
`7.4.2
`7.4.2.1
`7.4.2.2
`7.5
`7.5.1
`7.5.2
`7.6
`7.6.1
`7.6.1.1
`7.6.1.2
`7.6.1.3
`7.6.2
`7.6.3
`7.6.3.1
`7.6.3.2
`
`gsmSCF ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
`LMU and SMLC association ...................................................................................................................... 21
`Embedded Architecture ................................................................................................................................... 22
`Assignment of functions to general logical architecture .................................................................................. 23
`Signalling Protocols and Interfaces ........................................................................................................ 23
`Generic Signalling Model for LCS .................................................................................................................. 23
`Protocol layering ........................................................................................................................................ 23
`Message Segmentation ............................................................................................................................... 24
`Intermediate Level Segmentation ......................................................................................................... 24
`Network Level Segmentation ............................................................................................................... 25
`Signalling between an SMLC, MSC and BSC................................................................................................. 25
`SMLC Signaling to a Target MS ..................................................................................................................... 26
`SMLC Signalling to a Type A LMU ............................................................................................................... 26
`Signalling using an SDCCH ....................................................................................................................... 26
`Signalling using a TCH .............................................................................................................................. 27
`SMLC signaling to a Type B LMU ................................................................................................................. 28
`SMLC Signalling to a peer SMLC ................................................................................................................... 29
`General Network Location Procedures .................................................................................................. 31
`State Description for the GMLC ...................................................................................................................... 31
`GMLC States .............................................................................................................................................. 31
`NULL State .......................................................................................................................................... 31
`INTERROGATION State ..................................................................................................................... 31
`LOCATION State ................................................................................................................................. 31
`State Functionality ..................................................................................................................................... 31
`State Transitions ................................................................................................................................... 31
`INTERROGATION Timer Function .................................................................................................... 32
`LOCATION Timer Function ................................................................................................................ 32
`State Description for the VMSC ...................................................................................................................... 32
`VMSC States .............................................................................................................................................. 32
`IDLE State ............................................................................................................................................ 32
`LOCATION State ................................................................................................................................. 32
`State Functionality ..................................................................................................................................... 33
`State Transitions ................................................................................................................................... 33
`LOCATION Timer Function ................................................................................................................ 33
`State Description for the BSC .......................................................................................................................... 33
`BSC States .................................................................................................................................................. 33
`IDLE State ............................................................................................................................................ 33
`LOCATION State ................................................................................................................................. 34
`State Functionality ..................................................................................................................................... 34
`State Transitions ................................................................................................................................... 34
`LOCATION Timer Function ................................................................................................................ 34
`State Description for the SMLC ...................................................................................................................... 35
`SMLC States .............................................................................................................................................. 35
`NULL State .......................................................................................................................................... 35
`LOCATION State ................................................................................................................................. 35
`State Functionality ..................................................................................................................................... 35
`State Transitions ................................................................................................................................... 35
`LOCATION Timer Function ................................................................................................................ 36
`Usage of SCCP Connections on the Ls and Lb interfaces ............................................................................... 36
`SCCP connection for positioning of a target MS ....................................................................................... 36
`SCCP connection to access a type A LMU ................................................................................................ 37
`General Network Positioning Procedures ........................................................................................................ 37
`Mobile Terminating Location Request (MT-LR) ....................................................................................... 38
`Location Preparation Procedure ........................................................................................................... 38
`Positioning Measurement Establishment Procedure ............................................................................. 40
`Location Calculation and Release Procedure ....................................................................................... 40
`MT-LR without HLR Query - applicable to North America Emergency Calls only ................................. 40
`MT-LR for a previously obtained location estimate .................................................................................. 41
`Initial Location ..................................................................................................................................... 41
`Current Location ................................................................................................................................... 42
`
`Apple Inc. Exhibit 1005 Page 4
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`
`
`7.6.3.3
`7.6.3.4
`7.6.3.5
`7.6.3.5.1
`7.6.3.5.2
`7.6.3.5.3
`7.6.3.5.4
`7.6.4
`7.6.4.1
`7.6.4.2
`7.6.4.3
`7.6.5
`7.6.5.1
`7.6.5.2
`7.6.5.3
`7.6.6
`7.6.6.1
`7.6.6.2
`7.6.6.3
`7.7
`7.7.1
`7.7.2
`7.7.3
`7.7.4
`7.8
`7.8.1
`7.8.1.1
`7.8.1.2
`7.8.2
`7.8.3
`7.8.4
`7.8.4.1
`7.8.4.2
`7.8.5
`7.8.6
`7.9
`7.9.1
`7.9.2
`7.9.3
`7.10
`7.10.1
`7.11
`7.11.1
`7.11.2
`7.11.3
`7.11.4
`7.11.4.1
`7.11.4.2
`7.11.4.3
`7.11.4.4
`7.11.4.5
`7.11.4.6
`7.11.4.7
`7.11.5
`7.11.6
`7.11.6.1
`7.11.6.2
`7.12
`7.12.1
`7.12.2
`7.12.3
`7.13
`
`Last known Location ............................................................................................................................ 42
`Security and Privacy ............................................................................................................................. 42
`Failing to locate the target MS.............................................................................................................. 42
`Target MS is 'Not Reachable' .......................................................................................................... 42
`Target MS is 'Detached' .................................................................................................................. 42
`Target MS is Reachable but Positioning Fails ................................................................................ 43
`Target MS is 'Purged' ...................................................................................................................... 43
`Network Induced Location Request (NI-LR) ............................................................................................. 43
`Location Preparation Procedure ........................................................................................................... 44
`Positioning Measurement Establishment Procedure ............................................................................. 44
`Location Calculation and Release Procedure ....................................................................................... 44
`Network Induced Location Request (NI-LR) from a Serving BSC for a target MS in dedicated mode .... 45
`Location Preparation Procedure ........................................................................................................... 45
`Positioning Measurement Establishment Procedure ............................................................................. 45
`Location Calculation and Release Procedure ....................................................................................... 46
`Mobile Originating Location Request (MO-LR)........................................................................................ 46
`Location Preparation Procedure ........................................................................................................... 47
`Positioning Measurement Establishment Procedure ............................................................................. 47
`Location Calculation and Release Procedure ....................................................................................... 47
`Common Procedures to Support Positioning ................................................................................................... 48
`Information Transfer between an NSS based SMLC and a Target MS ...................................................... 48
`Information Transfer between a BSS based SMLC and a Target MS ........................................................ 49
`Information Transfer between an NSS based SMLC and a BSC ............................................................... 50
`Information Transfer between a BSS based SMLC and a BSC ................................................................. 51
`Common Procedures to Support Access to an LMU ....................................................................................... 51
`Information Transfer between an NSS based SMLC and a Type A LMU ................................................. 52
`Information Transfer using an SDCCH ................................................................................................ 52
`Information Transfer using a TCH ....................................................................................................... 53
`Location Update Procedure between a BSS based SMLC and a Type A LMU ......................................... 54
`IMSI Detach Procedure between a BSS based SMLC and a Type A LMU ............................................... 55
`LCS Information Transfer between a BSS based SMLC and a Type A LMU ........................................... 56
`Information Transfer using an SDCCH ................................................................................................ 56
`Information Transfer using a TCH ....................................................................................................... 57
`Information Transfer between an NSS based SMLC and a Type B LMU ................................................. 58
`Information Transfer between a BSS based SMLC and a Type B LMU ................................................... 59
`Common Control Procedures for LMUs .......................................................................................................... 59
`Reset Procedure .......................................................................................................................................... 60
`Status Query Procedure .............................................................................................................................. 60
`Status Update Procedure ............................................................................................................................ 60
`Common Procedures supporting Interaction between Peer SMLCs ................................................................ 61
`Information Transfer between Peer SMLCs ............................................................................................... 61
`Exception Procedures ...................................................................................................................................... 62
`Procedures in the SMLC ............................................................................................................................ 62
`Procedures in the VMSC ............................................................................................................................ 63
`Procedures in an LMU ............................................................................................................................... 63
`Procedures in the BSC................................................................................................................................ 63
`General Procedures ............................................................................................................................... 63
`Rejection of an SMLC Positioning Request ......................................................................................... 64
`Interaction with Inter-BSC or Inter-MSC Handover ............................................................................ 64
`Interaction with Intra-BSC Handover and other RR Management Procedures .................................... 64
`Priority of Handover and Other RR Management Procedures ............................................................. 64
`Interaction with Segmentation .............................................................................................................. 64
`Overload ............................................................................................................................................... 65
`Procedures in the Target MS ...................................................................................................................... 65
`Further Procedures for Handover ............................................................................................................... 65
`MSC procedure for Inter-MSC Handover ............................................................................................ 65
`Handling of an ongoing handover while a request for positioning arrives at MSC/VLR ..................... 65
`Privacy ............................................................................................................................................................. 65
`Privacy Override Indicator (POI) ............................................................................................................... 65
`Privacy Procedures ..................................................................................................................................... 66
`MS Privacy Options ................................................................................................................................... 66
`Mobile Originating Location ........................................................................................................................... 68
`
`Apple Inc. Exhibit 1005 Page 5
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`
`
`7.14
`7.14.1
`7.14.2
`7.15
`7.15.1
`7.15.2
`7.15.3
`8
`8.1
`8.1.1
`8.1.2
`8.2
`8.3
`8.4
`9
`9.1
`9.1.1
`9.1.2
`9.1.3
`10
`10.1
`10.2
`10.3
`10.4
`10.5
`10.6
`10.6.1
`10.6.2
`10.7
`10.7.1
`10.7.2
`10.7.3
`10.7.4
`11
`11.1
`11.2
`11.3
`11.4
`12
`12.1
`12.2
`12.3
`12.4
`12.5
`
`CM Procedures ................................................................................................................................................ 68
`Location request for a mobile in idle-mode ............................................................................................... 68
`Location request for a mobile in dedicated-mode ...................................................................................... 68
`Radio Interface Timing Procedures ................................................................................................................. 68
`LMU Functions .......................................................................................................................................... 68
`SMLC Functions ........................................................................................................................................ 69
`LMU-SMLC Interactions ........................................................................................................................... 69
`TA based Positioning ............................................................................................................................. 70
`Definition of TA states .................................................................................................................................... 70
`MS in IDLE State ....................................................................................................................................... 70
`MS in DEDICATED State ......................................................................................................................... 70
`TA Positioning Procedure for an NSS based SMLC ....................................................................................... 71
`TA Positioning Procedure for a BSS based SMLC ......................................................................................... 71
`Unsuccessful TA positioning procedure in BSC ............................................................................................. 72
`TOA based positioning........................................................................................................................... 73
`TOA procedures ............................................................................................................................................... 73
`Successful TOA Positioning Procedure for NSS based SMLC .................................................................. 73
`Successful TOA Positioning Procedure for BSS based SMLC .................................................................. 75
`Successful TOA positioning procedure in BSC ......................................................................................... 76
`E-OTD and GPS Positioning Procedures ............................................................................................... 77
`General Procedures .......................................................................................................................................... 77
`Positioning for BSS based SMLC .................................................................................................................... 77
`Positioning for NSS based SMLC ................................................................................................................... 77
`Assistance Data Delivery from BSS based SMLC .......................................................................................... 79
`Assistance Data Delivery from NSS based SMLC ......................................................................................... 79
`Error Handling for E-OTD and GPS............................................................................................................... 80
`NSS based SMLC ...................................................................................................................................... 81
`BSS b