Petitioners‘ Exhibit 1024, Page 1 of4Petitioners‘ Exhibit 1024, Page 1 of4
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`Petitioners' Exhibit 1024, Page 1 of 4
`
`

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`3 3711 000212285
`
`Hawley’S
`
`Condensed Chemical
`
`Dictionary
`
`THIRTEENTH EDITION
`
`Revised by
`
`Richard J. Lewis, Sr.
`
`For Reference
`
`Not to be taken from this room
`
`JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
`NewYork - Chichester ° Weinheim 0 Brisbane 0 Singapore 0 Toronto
`
`Petitioners' Exhibit 1024, Page 2 of 4
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`

`
`This text is printed on acid-free paper.
`
`Copyright © l997 by John Wiley & Sons, inc,
`
`No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
`transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
`recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or l08
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`MA 01923, (978) 750~8400, fax (978) 7504744. Requests to the Publisher
`for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department,
`John Wiley & Sons, lnc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012,
`(212) 850-6011, fax (212) 850-6008, E-mail: PERMREQ@WlLEY.COM.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-inPublication Data
`
`Condensed chemical dictionary.
`Hawley’s condensed chemical dicLi0nary.—~l3th ed./revised by
`Richard J. Lewis. Sr.
`p,
`cm.
`ISBN 0—471—29205—2 (hardcover)
`l. Chemistry—Dictionaries.
`I. Haw1ey.Ge5sner Goodrich. 19054983.
`II. Lewis. Richard J.. Sr.
`Ill. Title.
`QD5.C5
`I997
`540'.3—-dcll
`
`9735762
`CIP
`
`Printed in the United States of America
`
`10987654
`
`Petitioners' Exhibit 1024, Page 3 of 4
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`

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`ARMS’l‘RONG’S ACID
`
`Use: Sequestering agent for iron, calcium, and mag-
`nesium ions; soap builder; detergent mixtures; de-
`fiocculator in drilling muds, paper, ceramics and
`textiles.
`\ ,
`
`acid.
`Armstrong’s
`acid). C,(,lvl6(SO3l-l),.
`Properties: White, crystalline solid. Soluble in wa-
`ter.
`
`(naphthalerre l ,5-disulfonic
`
`Derivation: Sulfonation of naphthalene with fuming
`sulfuric acid at low temperature followed by sepa-
`ration from the l,6—isomer.
`Use: Dye intermediate.
`
`Procedure for convert-
`Arndt—Eistert synthesis.
`ing an acid to its next higher hornolog.
`
`TM for an ace-
`“Arnel” [iloechst Celanese].
`tate fiber made from cellulose tnacetatc. It has a
`higher melting point, and is less soluble than cel-
`lulose acetate.
`See acetate fiber: cellulose triacetate.
`
`(arene). A major group of unsaturated
`aromatic.
`cyclic hydrocarbons containing one or more rings,
`typified by benzene, which has a 6-carbon ring con-
`taining three double bonds. The vast number of
`compounds of this important group, derived chiefly
`from petroleum and coal tar, are rather highly re-
`active and chemically versatile. The name is due to
`the strong and not unpleasant odor characteristic of
`most substances of this nature. Certain 5—membered
`cyclic compounds such as the furan group (heter-
`ocyclic) are analogous to aromatic compounds.
`Note: The term “aromatic” is often used in the per-
`fume and fragrance industries to describe essential
`oils that are not aromatic in the chemical sense.
`
`aromaticity. A stable electron shell configuration
`in organic molecules, especially those related to
`benzene.
`See resonance; orbital theory.
`
`arornatization.
`
`See hydroforming.
`
`(distea1'yldi-
`
`[Witco].
`TA100”
`“Arosurf
`methylammoniurn chloride).
`CAS:
`lO7—64—2. TM for powder cationic-quateit
`nary fabric softener.
`Use: For retail powdered detergent—softener. indus-
`trial laundry and pap—softening formulas, and cos-
`metic formulations.
`
`arrack. An oriental distilled liquor which is ob-
`tained from palm or rice juice.
`
`arrest point. The temperature at which a system
`of more than one component, being heated or
`cooled, absorbs or yields heat without changing
`temperature.
`
`(1859-1927). A native of
`Arrhenius, Svante.
`Sweden, he won the Nobel prize in chemistry in
`1903. He is best known for his fundamental inves-
`tigations on electrolytic dissociation of compounds
`in water and other solvents, and for his basic equa-
`tion stating the increase in the rate of a chemical
`reaction with rise in temperature:
`
`dlnk*_A_
`an "R72
`
`in which k is the specific reaction velocity, T is the
`absolute temperature, A is a constant usually re—
`ferred to as the energy of activation of the reaction,
`and R is the gas-law constant.
`
`(rnaranta). The starch that is obtained
`arrowroot.
`from the roots of the maranta plant, which has many
`uses, including food ingredients, cosmetics, glues,
`and starches.
`
`sodium p-~
`
`(sodium acetylarsanilate;
`arsacetin.
`acetyl aminophenylarsonate).
`CH3CONHC6l-l,,AsO(OH)ONa.
`Properties: White, crystalline powder; odorless;
`tasteless. Free of arsenous or arsenic acid. Solutions
`will admit of thorough sterilization. Soluble in cold
`water, but more so in warm water.
`Use: Medicine (antisyphilitic).
`
`(atoxylic acid; p-aminobenzenean
`arsanilic acid.
`sonic acid; p—aminophenylarsonic acid).
`C6i{4-C6H8AsND3¢
`Properties: White, crystalline powder; practically
`odorless. Mp 232C. Soluble in hot water; slightly
`soluble in cold water, alcohol, and acetic acid; in-
`soluble in acetone, benzene, chloroform, and ether.
`Derivation: By condensing aniline with arsenic
`acid, removing the excess of aniline by steam dis-
`tillation in alkaline solution, and setting the acid
`free using hydrochloric acid.
`Hazard: A poison. Yields flammable vapors on
`heating above melting point.
`Use: Arsanilates, manufacture of arsenical medicinal
`compounds such as arsphenamine, veterinary med-
`icine, grasshopper bait.
`
`arsenic.
`CAS: 7440-38-2. As. A nonmetallic element of
`atomic number 33, group Va of periodic table, aw
`74.9216; valences of 2, 3, S; no stable isotopes.
`Properties: Si1ver—gray, brittle, crystalline solid that
`darkens in moist air. Allotropic forms: black, amor-
`phous solid (fi—arsenic); yellow, crystalline solid. d
`5.72 (commercial product ranges from 5.6 to 5.9),
`mp 814C (36 atm), sublimes at 61 3C (1 atm), Mohs
`hardness 3.5. Insoluble in water and in caustic and
`nonoxidizing acids. Attacked by hydrochloric acid
`in presence of oxidant. Reacts with nitric acid. Low
`thermal conductivity; a semiconductor.
`Derivation: Flue dust of copper and lead smelters
`from which it is obtained as white arsenic (arsenic
`
`Petitioners' Exhibit 1024, Page 4 of 4