[11]
`
`[45]
`
`4,346,227
`
`Aug. 24, 1982
`
`on
`
`0’
`
`HOOC
`HO
`
`CH3
`
`Cl-I3
`
`on
`
`R
`
`(wherein R represents a group of formula
`
`0l
`
`l
`H3C 0
`CH3
`
`no
`
`or
`
`0
`II
`H3CZY\ O
`CH3
`
`and the corresponding ring-closed lactones, salts (espe-
`cially alkali metal salts) and esters (especially C1-C5
`alkyl esters) thereof may be prepared by subjecting
`ML-236B, or ML-236B carboxylic acid or a salt or ester
`thereof to enzymatic hydroxylation, which may be
`effected by means of microorganisms of the genera
`Mucor, Rhizopus, Zygofynchus, Circinella, Actinomu-
`cor, Gongronella, Phycomyces, Mattie-re-Ila, Pyo-
`noporus, Rhizoctonia, Absidia, Cunninghamella, Syn-
`cephalastrum and Streptomyces, or cell-free, enzyme-
`containing extracts from said microorganisms. The
`compounds are capable of inhibiting biosynthesis of
`cholesterol and are thus useful
`in the treatment of
`hypercholesteraemia.
`
`25 Claims, '5 Drawing Figures
`
`United States Patent
`
`[191
`
`Terahara et at.
`
`[54] ML-236B DERIVATIVES AND THEIR
`PREPARATION
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: Akira Terahara; Minoru Tanaka,
`both of Hiromachi, Japan
`
`[73] Assignee:
`
`Sankyo Company, Limited, Tokyo,
`Japan
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 270.846
`
`[22] Filed:
`
`Jun. 5, 1981
`
`Foreign Application Priority Date
`[30]
`Jun. 6, 1930 [JP]
`Japan
`Aug. 22. 1930 [JP]
`Japan
`Sep. 3, 193::
`[JP]
`Japan
`Sep. 19. 1930 [JP]
`Japan
`
`
`
`55-76127
`. S5-H5483
`55-124335
`55-130311
`
`Int. Cl.3 .......................................... .. 0070 69/013
`[51]
`[52] U.S. Cl.
`............................... .. 560/119: 560/256;
`424/305; 435/ 135; 549/292
`[53] Field of Search ................................ 550/119, 256
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,137,322
`
`1/19179 Endo et. al.
`
`424/273
`
`Primary Exem:’ner—Robert Gerstl
`Attorney, Agent, or F1'rm—Frishauf, Holtz, Goodman &
`Woodward
`
`ABSTRACT
`[57]
`Compounds of formula (I):
`
`Iof23
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`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 24, "1932
`
`Sheet 1 of3
`
`4,346,227
`
`Fig I
`
`8.0
`
`7.0
`
`6.0
`
`.0
`
`40
`
`' .0
`
`2.0
`
`1.0
`
`PPM
`
`
`
`2 of 23
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`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 24, 1982
`
`Sheet 2 of3
`
`4,346,227
`
`Fig 3
`
`IOOJ
`
`30
`
`$700
`260
`
`="= 1E50
`40I-
`so
`
`32
`
`20
`
`IO
`
`D4000
`3600
`
`2600
`
`I800
`
`I400
`
`I000
`
`2000
`
`I600
`
`1000
`
`000
`
`500 400
`cm"
`
`
`
`3 of 23
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`PENN EX. 2189
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`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 24, 1982
`
`Sheet 3 of 3
`
`4,346,227
`
`Fig 5
`
`3600
`
`I330
`
`I600
`
`I400
`
`1000
`
`| 200
`
`500 400
`cm-'
`
`600
`
`4uf23
`
`PENN EX. 2189
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`CFAD V. UPENN
`lPR20l5-01836
`
`

`
`1
`
`_
`
`4, 346,227
`
`2
`
`ML-23613 DERIVATIVES AND THEIR
`
`PREPARATION
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`5
`
`H
`Hac/V 0
`
`The present invention relates to a series of new deriv-
`
`atives of the known compound ML-236B, to processes
`for their preparation and to pharmaceutical composi- ,0
`tions containing them.
`ML-236B, which has the following chemical struc«
`ture:
`
`H0
`
`=0
`
`CH3
`
`)
`
`OH
`
`20
`
`and ring-closed lacto-nes, salts and esters thereof.
`
`The invention also provides a process for preparing a
`compound of formula (I), or a ring-closed lactone, salt
`25 or ester thereof by the enzymatic hydroxylation of ML-
`236B, or ML-236B carboxylic acid, or a salt or ester
`thereof.
`M1f236B carboxylic acid has the formula
`
`OH
`
`HOOC
`H0 '
`
`'
`
`H3
`
`40
`
`50
`
`It has IJCCII iS0-
`is disclosed in U.S. Pat. ND.
`lated and purified from the metabolic products of mi- 39
`croorganisms of the genus Penicillium, especially Peru'-
`ciflfum c:’m‘m.im,- a species of blue mould. It has been
`shown to inhibit the biosynthesis of cholesterol by en-
`zvmes or cultured cells separated from experimental 35
`animals by competing with the rate-limiting enzyme
`F
`active in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, namely 3- M
`hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A rcductase and,
`H36
`C
`as a result, significantly reduces serum cholesterol Iev-
`els of animals [Journal of Antibiotics, 29, 1346 (l9'.«'6)].
`A number of compounds structurally related to ML-
`23613 have also been discovered and found to possess
`'
`the ability to inhibit the biosynthesis oi‘. cholesterol.
`We have now discovered a series of new compounds, 45 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
`Which me)’ be Prepared by the enzymatic hyelfoxylatlon
`One cla of compounds of the present invention are
`of ML-236B or of derivatives thereof, and which 1305-
`those compounds of formuh (H):
`sess an ability to inhibit the biosynthesis of cholesterol
`which is at least comparable with, and in some instances
`substantially exceeds, that of ML-236B itself.
`
`CH3
`
`(11)
`
`
`
`0
`
`BRIEF SUMMARY OF INVENTION
`
`The compounds of the present invention are those 55
`hydroxycarboxylic acids of formula (I):
`
`no
`
`on
`'
`
`HOOC/\
`
`(D
`
`60
`
`F.
`
`(in which R represents a group of formula
`
`(in which R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C5
`55 alkyl group), pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the
`acid wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom,.and the
`corresponding lactone of formula (III):
`
`5 of 23
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`4,346,227
`
`4
`hydrogen atom and the corresponding lactone of for-
`rnula (VII):
`
`(Ill)
`
`H3Cj\‘T_/\
`
`10
`
`_
`
`(V11)
`
`In view of the number of asymmetric carbon atoms in 15
`these compounds, a variety of geometric isomers are
`possible. Of these, the most important isomers are as
`follows:
`'
`
`in
`The hydroxy-carboxylic acid of formula (IV)
`which R‘ represents a hydrogen atom is herein referred
`20 to as M-4 and derivatives of this acid, specifically the
`salts and esters, are named as derivatives of M4, whilst
`the corresponding lactone of formula (V) is herein re-
`ferred to as M-4 lactone. Similarly, the hydroxy-car-
`boxylic acid of formula (VI) in which R‘ represents a
`hydrogen atom is referred to as M-4’ and derivatives of
`this acid are referred to as derivatives of M-4’, whilst
`the corresponding lactone of formula (VII) is referred
`to as M-4’ lactone.
`
`Compounds of formula (IV):
`
`(W)
`
`25
`
`30 Another prcfcrrcd class of compounds of the inven-
`tion are those compounds of formula (VIII):
`
`(in which R‘ is as defined above) and pharmaceutically
`acceptable salts of the acid wherein R1 represents a 35
`hydrogen atom, and the corresponding lactone of for-
`mula (V):
`_
`
`-
`
`1
`R 00‘:
`H0
`
`0
`
`on
`
`M")
`
`(V) 40 me/\/\ 0
`
`CH3
`
`(in which R‘ is as defined above), and pharmaceutically
`acceptable salts of the acid in which R1 represents a
`hydrogen atom, and the corresponding lactone of for-
`
`so mula (IX):
`
`(IX)
`
`45
`
`OH
`
`(VI) 55
`
`(in which R1 is as defined above), and pharmaceutically
`acceptable salts of the acid wherein R1 represents 3
`
`65
`
`A variety of geometric isomers of these compounds
`are also possible, the most important being the follow-
`ingt
`Compounds '-of formula (X):
`
`6 of 23
`
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`
`(X)
`
`
`
`
`||I||||0
`
`
`OH
`
`(in which R1 is as defined above), and pharmaceutically
`acceptable salts of the acid in which R‘ represents a
`hydrogen atom and the corresponding lactone of for-
`mula (XI):
`
`.(xn
`
`(X11)
`
`“OH
`
`0
`
`g ll
`H3C CH3
`
`
`
`
`(in which R1 is as defined above), and pharmaceutically
`acceptable salts of the acid in which R1 represents a
`hydrogen atom and the corresponding lactone of for-
`mula (XIII):
`
`CXHD
`
`
`
`The acid of formula (X) is herein referred to as IsoM-
`4 and its derivatives, such as salts and esters, are named
`as derivatives of IsoM-4, whilst the corresponding lac-
`tone of formula (X1) is herein referred to as IsoM-4
`lactone. The acid of formula (XII) in which R.‘ repre-
`
`6
`sents a hydrogen atom is herein referred to IsoM-4’, and
`its derivatives are named as derivatives of lsoM-4',
`whilst its corresponding lactone of formula (XIII) is
`herein referred to as ISOM-4’ lactone.
`Of the esters of the hydroxy-carboxylic acids of for-
`mula (I), the C1-C5 alkyl esters are preferred. These
`alkyl groups may be straight or branched-chain groups
`and include, for example the methyl, ethyl, propyl,
`isopropyl, butyl and isobutyl groups, of which the
`methyl group is particularly preferred.
`The hydroxy-carboxylic acids will also form salts
`with a variety of cations, particularly metals and most
`preferably alkali metals, such as sodium or potassium.
`The sodium salts are most preferred.
`Of the compounds of the invention, the most pre-
`ferred compounds are M-4 lactone, M-4 sodium salt,
`M-4 methyl ester, IsoM-4-’lactone, IsoM-4-‘sodium salt
`and IsoM-4’methyl ester, M-4 sodium salt being particu-
`larly preferred.
`-
`The compounds of the invention may be prepared by
`the enzymatic hydroxylation of ML-236B or of a deriv-
`ative thereof, specifically ML-23613 carboxylic acid or a
`mlt or ester thereof.
`'
`‘
`-
`_
`- This enzymatic hydroxylation may be effected as part
`of the mammalian metabolism of ML-23613 or a deriva-
`tive thereof, for example by administering Ml.r236B to
`a suitable animal, collecting a metabolic product, eg.
`urine, and then separating the desired compound or
`compounds of the invention from the urine. Alterna-
`tively, the liver or an enzyme-containing extract from
`the liver may be used instead of the living animal. How-
`ever, processes employing the animal metabolism or
`- animal products have a relatively low productivity and
`35
`are difficult to effect reproducibly. Accordingly, we
`prefer to employ microorganisms or enzyme-containing
`extracts from the microorganisms.
`Accordingly, the process of the Plesent invention is
`preferably effected using a microorganism capable of
`converting ML-236B or a derivative thereof to a com-
`pound of the present invention or using an enzyrne-con-
`taining extract of such a microorganism. Particularly
`preferred microorganisms are those of the following
`genera: Mucor, Rhizopus, Zygorynchus, Circinclla,
`Actinomucor, Gongronella, Phycomyces, Martierella,
`Pycnoporus, Rhizoctonia, Absidia, Cunningharnella,
`Syncephalaspcrum and Streptomyces. In Pfmticular the
`following species are preferred:
`Absidfa caerulea
`Cummrnghamefla ecftirmlara
`Syncephal strum racemasum
`Streptomyces raseocliromogemxs
`Mnmr hiemalirfi hfentaiis
`Mucor bacfflifbrmis
`Mucor circfnellofdes J5 ci'rci'nel!oi‘de.s
`Mumr hlemulisf c0rticoi't:s
`Mm.-or a'i'moip}iasporas
`Mucorfmgfftk
`Mm.-or gen evertsis
`Mm.-or globes-as
`Mucor circinelloidas f.’ griseo-cyarms
`Mm.-or heterosparur
`Mucor spinescens
`Rizieopus chfnensis
`Rhizopus ci’rci‘mm.s
`Rineopus arrhiztts
`Zygoryuchus moellerf
`Crrcinella muscae
`
`4,346,227
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`65
`
`7of23
`
`PENN EX. 2189
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`
`

`
`Circineiia rrgfdn
`C1'rcir:eH:r umbellatc
`Acrfnomucor elegcms
`Phycomyces blnkesleeanus
`Martierelfa fsabellfna
`Gangranelia burferf
`.Rw:nopoms caccineus
`Rhfzactonia salary‘
`Syncephalastrum nfgrfcans
`-
`Absfdia glam-a var. pnmdoxa
`Amongst strains of the above species, the following
`are particularly preferred:
`Ablcfdfa cnemlea IFO-4423
`Cumtfnghamefla ecizinzalata IFO-4445
`Cmzmhglzamella echfmdaza IFO-4444
`Cmrninghamella echinufata ATCC-9244
`Syncephnlastmm rncemnsnm IFO-4814
`Syrzcepfzalastrum racemosum IFO-4828
`Streptomyces mseochramogemrs NRRL1233
`Srrepramyces rnseochromogerms IFO-3363
`Srreptomyces mseochromogerms IFO—341l
`Maser hlemaffs f hfemalis IFO-5834
`Mucor hiemafis f hiemalis IFO-5303
`Mucor hiemalfirf Iifemalis IFO-8567
`Mucor hiemalfs f Iifemalfs IFO-844-9
`Mucor hiemafls jf hfemalfs IFCI-844-B
`Mucar hiemafis _£ }11'emm':'s IFO-8565
`Mucar hiemaltisf hfemaftis CBS-117.08
`Mucar fziemalzls _,€ hfemalfs CBS-109.19
`Mtrcnr iziemahls ji hfemalis CBS-200.28
`Muc0r_hiemaffs f hr'emaI:'s' CBS-242.35
`Mm-or hiemalfs f hfemaiis CBS-110.19
`Mu_cor hiemafis f hfemalfs CBS-201.65
`Mucor bacillfnrmis NRRL2346
`Mucor cr'rc1’ne!z'a:'des f c:'rt'J’nelIofdes IFO—4554
`Mucor c:‘rc£neHo:'des f.‘ cz‘rcine:'Io:'des IFO-5775
`Mac-or hiemafis Jr‘. corticolus NRRL-12473
`Mnmr dtmarphosaoms IFO-4556
`Mucar frngflfs CBS-236.35
`Mticar geneverisfs IFO~4-585
`Mucar glabosus NRRL 12474
`Mucor cfrcfnellofdesf griseo-cyamrs IFO-4563
`Mucor ketemspoms NRRL-3154
`Mucor spinescens IAM-6071
`Rhfzopus cfzfnensfs IFO-4Tl2
`Rhfzapus circfnans ATCC-1225
`R hizopus arrhizus ATCC-11145
`Zygorynciws moefleri IFO-4833
`Cfrcinefln muscae IFO-4457
`Cfrcfnelia rigida NRRL—2341
`Circfnefia umbellam NRRL-I 71 3
`C:‘rcfr:eH:r zxmbeflata IFO-4452
`Cr‘rc.fPteH:‘:‘ umbellara IFO-5842
`Phycamyces blakesleeamzs NRRL-12475
`Marrferella tscbelffna IFO-6'.~'39
`Gangmnelfa lmtlerr’ IFO-3080
`Rpcnaporus caccineus NRRL-12476
`Rhfznctonia Salem‘ NRRL-124??
`Syrrcepkalaszmm nfgrfcans NRRL-12478
`Syncephalastmm nfgricrms NRRL-12479 '
`Syncepimlasrmm m'gr:'car:s NRRL-12480
`Absidia glauca var. pamdaxa IFO-4431
`Actfnom ac-or eiegans ATCC-6476
`The microorganisms listed above are available from
`International Culture Collections, as indicated by the
`codes appended to their accession numbers, which
`codes have the following meanings.
`-
`'
`II-70: Institute for Fermentation, Osaka, Japan
`
`10
`
`20
`
`25
`
`35
`
`45
`
`65
`
`IAM=Institute of Applied Microbiology, Tokyo,
`Japan
`ATCC=American Type Culture Collection, Mary-
`land, USA.
`'
`Of the species noted above, the following are particu-
`larly preferred:
`Absfdrh‘ caendea
`Cunninghamefla echfnulata
`'Sym:epha!astmm rcrcemosum
`Mucor Memoirs _,€ hfemalfs
`Mucar bacfiigfiirmis
`Mumr circinelfcides _fi c:'rcr'neh'ar'¢z'e.r
`}|d'ur.-or hiemalfsjf corticofus
`Mucar dfmarpbaspams
`Mm-nrfragflfs
`Mm-or genevensfs
`Mucor gfobasus
`Mucar ct’rc:’neHo:'des f griseo-cyarms
`M'ucor hetemspoms
`.Mtrcor spfnescens
`Pycnopoms coccineus
`Rhizocmnfa Salem"
`Syncephaiasrrum Ptfgrfcans
`and the follovging are particularly preferred strains of
`the species:
`Absialriz caemlea IFO-4423
`Cunnfnghamella ecmnulara IFO-4445
`Cunm'ngha'me1'1rz eci:t'rzm'ata IFO-4444
`Cunnrhgliamefla echinufatn ATCC-9244
`Sjvzcephalaszmm racemasum IFO-4814
`Syncephaiasrrum racemasum IFO-4828
`Mucar hfemalris ,€ Memalis IFO-5834
`Mucar Frfemafis f hiemalfs IFO-"5303
`Mucar }n'ema:'r'.r_fi hfemalfs IFO-8567
`Mucar hfemaiis f.' hfemaffs IFO-8449
`Mucor kfemairls ff lziemalfs IFO-8448
`Mucor Memaffsf Jlfemalfs IFO-8565
`Mucar h:'emaI:'sf hfemalis CBS- l_17.08
`Mucor }u'emn'ir'.rj.' hiemaffs CBS~l09. 19
`Mucor iziemafis _/T Memoir‘: CBS-200.28
`Mncar hiemaffs ji }u'emaIr‘s CBS-242.35
`Mtrcor hfemalisfi hfemaffs CBS-110.19
`Mncor !r:'emaz':’s jf hfemalfs CBS-201.65
`Mncar bae:'Hrfi0rmr's NRRL-2346
`Mrrcnr cfrc:'ne."!o1'des _,€ c:‘rc:'r:eh'o:‘des IFO-4554
`Mucar cr'm‘neit'm"des f c:'rc1'nel!o.r'des IFO—5T’5
`Mucar hlemalfs f carricnlus NRRL-12473
`Mucor dime:-pfzasporus IFO-4556
`Mucorfmgflis CBS-236.35
`Mucar genevensfs IFO-4585
`Mncar globasus NRRL 12474
`Mucar c'r'rcineHrrr’a'es jf grfseo-cyamits IFO~4-563
`Mucar he rerasparus NRRL-3154
`Mucar spinescens IAM-60?]
`Pycnopams caccfneus NRRL-12476
`Rhfzactnnia salami NRRL-12477
`Syncephalaszmm nigriccrns NRRL-l24';'8
`Syncephaiastrum m'grr'u:an5 NRRL-12479
`Syncephalastmm nfgricarrs NRRL-12480
`For the preparation of compounds of formulae (IV)
`and (V) and their salts, the following species are pre-
`ferred:
`'
`'
`' Mucar hiemalfs
`
`' 4,-346,227
`
`. ' 8
`NRRL-——Novthern Utilization Research and Devel-
`' opment Division, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peo-
`ria, Illinois, USA
`CBS =Centraa1
`Netherlands
`
`bureau
`
`voor Schimmelcultures,
`
`Itiemalf
`
`8uf23
`
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`
`

`
`9
`Mucor circiuellofdes ff cfrcirtelfoides
`Mucor frugilfs
`Mucor geuevensfs
`Mucor cfrcfnellofdesf grfsec-cyantrs
`Pycn operas coccfneus
`Rhizocrcnia sofani.
`
`For the preparation of compounds of formula (VI)
`and (VIII) and their salts, the species Syucephalastrum
`m'grr'cuns and Syucephulusrmm racemosam are preferred.
`For the preparation of compounds of formula (V 111)
`and (IX) and their salts, the species Absidfa coerulea and
`Cuuuiughameflu eciifnulata are preferred.
`Of all of the species listed above, Mucor hiemalis ff
`hiemafis is particularly preferred since it is able to con-
`vert ML-236B and its derivatives to the desired Com-
`pounds of formula (I) at a conversion of 90% or even
`higher.
`'
`Conversion of ML-236B or derivatives thereof to
`compounds of formula (I) may be achieved by contact-
`ing the complete cellular microorganism or,
`in some
`cases, a cell-free extract from the microorganism with
`ML-236B or a derivative thereof. The form of the com-
`pound produced will depend upon the culture condi-
`tions and the form of microorganism employed. Thus,
`for example, if the complete cellular microorganism is
`cultivated in the presence of ML-236B or a derivative
`thereof,
`the product will be the carboxylic acid, the
`lactone or alkali metal salt, depending upon the culture
`conditions, particularly the pH. On the other hand, if
`the ML-236B or derivative thereof is simply contacted
`with a resting cellular system or with a cellwfrec extract,
`the compound of the invention is obtained in the form
`of an alkali metal salt.
`The progress of the conversion reaction may be de-
`termined by assaying samples of the reaction mixture
`during the course of the reaction to determine the de-
`gree of conversion. For example, the presence of M4
`lactone may be assayed by liquid chromatography em-
`ploying as a carrier p. Bondapak C13 (manufactured by
`Waters Co. USA) and as the solvent 62% v/v aqueous
`methanol at the rate of 1 ml/minute. When detected
`using its ultraviolet absorption at 23'.-' nm, M-4 gives a
`peak at a retention time of 10 minutes, and this may be
`used for the assay. Similar techniques are available for
`assaying the other compounds of the invention.
`Where the microorganisms are to be cultivated in the
`presence of ML-236B or a derivative thereof to product
`the compounds of the invention, the culture conditions
`and culture media employed will be chosen having
`regard to the particular microorganism to be cultivated.
`Since the species of microorganism proposed for use in
`the process of the present invention are well known,
`culture conditions and culture media for use with these
`microorganisms are also well known.
`The compounds of the invention may be separated
`from the reaction mixture by conventional means, for
`example by filtering off microbial cells (if necessary)
`and then subjecting the remaining mixture to any com-
`bination of thin layer chromatography, column chroma-
`tography or high performance liquid chromatography.
`The various compounds of the invention, where two or
`more are prepared together, may be separated from
`each other in the course of one or more of these chro-
`matographic purification steps.
`In addition to the compounds of the invention, there
`may, in some cases, also be prepared a compound which
`we have designated M—3 and which is known under the
`name 3’,5’-dihyclroxy(dihydro—ML—2.36B)- in a copend-
`
`4,346,227
`
`10
`ing application entitled “Hydronaphthalene Deriva-
`tives, their Preparation and Use". This may also be
`separated in the same way.
`We have found that the compounds of the invention
`give a 50% inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis at
`concentrations comparable with," or,
`in some cases,
`significantly less than, the concentrations required by
`ML-236B and certain other similar known compounds.
`The inhibitory activities of the compounds of the inven-
`tion, in terms of the concentration in pig,’ml required to
`inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis by 50% [measured by
`the method described in the Journal of Biological
`Chemistry, 234, 2835 0959)] are as follows:
`
`M-4 methyl ester
`0.001
`M4 sodium sail
`0.0008
`M4 lactone
`0.016
`IsoM4‘ methyl ester
`0.00‘?
`IsoM-4‘ Inctone
`0.013
`'
`M-4‘ lactone
`0.019
`M-4‘ sodium salt
`0.00049
`
`ML-236B 0.01
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`The invention is further illustrated by the following
`Examples.
`
`EXAMPLE 1
`
`Preparation of M4 lactone
`
`30
`
`Twenty 500 ml Sakaguchi flasks, each containing 100
`ml of a medium having the composition described be-
`low, were inoculated with spores of Absidia coerulea
`IFO 4423. The flasks were subjected to shaking culturc
`. at 26" C. and 120 Strokes/min (s.p.m.) for 2 days. At the
`end of this time, the sodium salt of ML-236B was added
`35
`to each of the flasks to a final concentration of 0.05%
`w/v. Cultivation was continued at 26" C. and 120 s.p.i:n.
`for a further 5 days.
`The composition of the medium was (percentages are
`w/v):
`
`Glucose
`2.0%
`KZHPO4
`0.15%
`MgSO4.7H20
`0.15%
`NH4'N03
`0.1%
`Peptone
`0.1%
`Com steep liquor
`0.2%
`Yeast extract
`0.1%
`ZnSO4.7H1O
`0.001%
`Tap water
`the balance
`(adjusted to pH in).
`
`45
`
`5U
`
`55
`
`65
`
`After completion of the cultivation, the reaction liquor
`was filtered, and the filtrate was adjusted with tril‘luoro~
`acetic acid to pH 3. Theresultin g mixture was extracted
`with three 1 liter portions of ethyl acetate, to give ex-
`tracts containing M-4. This compound shows an Rf
`value of 0.45 on thin layer chromatography (TLC)
`(Platc: Merck silica gel Art 5715; solvent: a 50:S0:3 by
`volume mixture of benzene, acetone and acetic acid).
`The combined extracts were washed with saturated
`aqueous sodium chloride, and then a catalytic amount
`of trifluoroacetic acid was added for lactonization. The
`resulting mixture was then washed with a 1% w/v
`aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, dried over
`anhydrous sodium sulphate and evaporated under re-
`duced pressnre to dryness. The residue was subjected to
`preparative liquid chromatography. System 500 using a
`Prep PAK-500/C|g cartridge manufactured by Waters
`
`9uf23
`
`PENN EX. 2189
`
`CFAD V. UPENN
`IPR20l5-01836
`
`

`
`11
`Associates (Prep PAK is a Trade Mark). Purification
`with a 55% V/v aqueous methanol system yielded 50.]
`mg of M-4 lactone.
`M»-4 -lactone has the following physical properties.
`(1) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum:
`The NMR spectrum measured at 60 MHz in deutero-
`chloroform using tetramethylsilane as the internal stan-
`dard is shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
`(2) Ultraviolet absorption spectrum (methanol solu-
`tion) Rmgmm: 230; 236.7; 244.6,.
`(3)
`Infrared absorption spectrum (liquid film) v
`curl: 34-00, 2950, 1725.
`(4) Thin layer chromatography:
`TLC plate: Merck silica gel Art 5715;
`Solvent: benzene, acetone, acetic acid (50:50:3 by 15
`volume);
`Rf value: 0.62.
`
`5
`
`to
`
`EXAMPLE 2
`
`43 mg of M-4 laetone were prepared following the 20
`same procedures as in Example 1, but using Cunning-
`hamelfa er-hfrmlont IFO 4445.
`
`'
`
`EXAMPLE 3 '
`
`30 mg of M4 lactone were prepared following the 25
`same procedures as in Example 1, but using Streptomy-
`ces raseochmmogemts NRRL 1233.
`EXAMPLE 4
`
`5 mg of M-4 lactone were prepared following the 30
`same procedures as in Example 1, but using Syr1ceph-
`aiastmm raremasum IFO 4814.
`
`EXAMPLE 5
`
`6 mg of M-4 laetone were prepared following the 35
`same procedures as in Example 1, but using Syncep}i-
`alastmm -rccemasum IFO 4828.
`
`EXAMPLE 6
`
`Preparation of IsoM-4’rnethyl ester
`
`45
`
`' Twenty 500 ml Sakaguchi flasks. each containing 100
`ml-of a medium having the composition described be-
`low, were inoculated with spores of Absi'd:'a coemlea
`IFO 4423. The flasks were subjected to shaking culture
`at 120 s.p.m. and 26° C. for 2 days. At the end of this
`time, the sodium salt of ML-23613 was added to each of
`the flasks to a final concentration of 0.05% w/v. Culti-
`vation was continued at 120 S.p.1'n. and 26° C. for a
`further 5 days".
`'
`The composition of the medium was (percentages are so
`w/v):
`
`Glucose
`2.0%
`KgHP04
`0.15%
`MgSO4.?H20
`9.15%
`NH4N03
`0.1%
`Pcptone
`0.1%
`Corn steep liquor
`0.2%
`Yeast extract
`0.1%
`Zl'.l504.TiH10
`01111 ‘ii:
`Tap water
`the balance
`(adjusted to pH 10).
`
`55
`
`50
`
`After completion of the cultivation, the reaction li-
`quor was filtered, and the filtrate was adjusted with
`tritluoroacetic acid to pH 3. The resulting mixture was 65
`extracted with three 1 liter portions of ethyl acetate to
`give extracts containing IsoM4’. This compound has an
`Rf value of 0.45 on thin layer chromatography (plate:
`
`4,346,227
`
`12
`Merck silica gel Art 51115; solvent: a 50:50:3 by volume
`mixture of benzene, acetone and acetic acid). The ex-
`tract was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of
`sodium chloride, and then an ethereal solution of diam-
`methane was added. The mixture was allowed to stand
`for 30 minutes and then evaporated under reduced pres-
`sure to dryness. The residue was placed on a Lobar
`column (Merck Si 60, Size A) and purified using as the
`solvent system a 1:1 by volume mixture of benzene and
`ethyl acetate. There were obtained 200 mg of an lsoM-
`4’methyl ester fraction. This fraction was further puri-
`fied on a Lobar-column (Merck RP-3, Size A) using
`35% v/v aqueous acetonitrile as the eluent to give 78
`mg of pure lsoM-4-‘methyl ester, having the following
`characteristics:
`(1) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum:
`The NMR spectrum measured at 100 MHZ in
`deuterochloroform using tetrarnethylsilane as the inter-
`nal standard is shown in FIG. 2 of the accompanying
`drawings.
`_
`(2) Mass spectrum:
`Measurement was made [after silylation with N,O«
`bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroac'etan-iide] using a mass spec-
`trometer, type D-300 manufactured by Nippon Elec-
`tronics.
`I
`M/e: 654 (M+), 552, 462, 3'.-'2, 272, 233. 231.
`(3) Ultraviolet absorption spectrum (methanol solu-
`tion) AmaxI3I1'l.I
`229; 234.8; 244.5.
`(4) Infrared absorption spectrum (liquid film):
`As shown in FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings.
`(5) Thin layer chromatography:
`TLC plate: Merck silica gel Art 5715;
`Solvent: benzene, acetone (l:l by volume);
`Rf value: 0.88.
`'
`
`By operating as described above but replacing the
`diazomethane by another appropriate diazoalkane, it is
`possible to produce other esters of IsoM-4'.
`EXAMPLE 7
`
`Preparation of IsoM-4'lactone
`
`The procedure described in Example 6 was repeated
`up to and including extraction with ethyl acetate to give
`extracts containing IsoM-4'. The combined extracts
`were washed with a saturated aqueous solution of so-
`dium chloride and then evaporated to dryness to give
`the lactone product. The resulting residue was placed
`on a Lobar column (Merck Si 60, Size A) and purified
`using as the solvent system a 1:1 by volume mixture of
`benzene and ethyl acetate, to afford 198 mg of IsoM-4'
`lactone. This product was further purified by means of
`a Lobar column (Merck RP-8, Size A) eluted with 35%
`v/v aqueous acetonitrile, to give 82 mg of pure IsoM-4
`lactone. having the following characteristics:
`(1) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum:
`The NMR spectrum measured at
`100 MHZ in
`deuterochloroform using tetramethylsilane as the inter-
`nal standard is shown in FIG. 4 of the accompanying
`drawings.
`(2) Ultraviolet absorption spectrum (methanol solu-
`tion) Amunm:
`229; 234.8; 244.5.
`(3) Infrared absorption spectrum (liquid film):
`As shown in FIG. 5 of the accompanying drawings.
`
`10 M23
`
`PENN EX. 2189
`
`CFAD V. UPENN
`lPR20l5-01836
`
`

`
`13
`EXAMPLE 3
`
`4,346,227
`
`14
`residue was placed on a Lobar column (Merck Si 60,
`Size A), and purification was effected using a 1:] by
`volume mixture of benzene and ethyl acetate, a fraction
`containing IsoM-4-'methyl ester and a fraction contain-
`ing M-4 methyl ester were separated. There were ob»
`tained l85.3 mg of the latter active fraction, from which
`20 mg of pure M-4 methyl ester were obtained as a
`colourless oil by using a Lobar column (Merck RP-8,
`Size A) and eluting with 35% v/v aqueous acetonitrile.
`M-4 methyl ester has the following characteristics:
`(1) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum:
`Measurement was made at 200 MHZ in deutero-
`
`chloroform using tetramethylsilane as the internal stan-
`dard.
`
`dppm:
`0.88 (3H, triplet, J =7.3 Hz);
`0.89 (3H, doublet, J =6.5 Hz);
`1.12 (3H, doublet, J =6.8 Hz);
`1.1-1.7 (l0H, multiplet);
`2.34 (1H, sextuplet, J =-7 Hz);
`2.3-2.5 (2H, multiplet);
`2.45} (2H, doublet, J =6.4 Hz); -
`2.53 (1H, multiplet);
`'
`3.72 (3H, singlet);
`3.78 (1H, multiplet);
`4.25 (1H, quintet, J =7 Hz);
`4.4 (1H, multiplet);
`5.42 (1H, rnultiplet);
`5.56 (1H, multiplet);
`5.90 (1H, doubled doublet, J =9.8 and 5.6 Hz);
`5.99 (lH, doublet, J =9.8 Hz).
`(2) Mass spectrum:
`Measurement was made [after silylation with N,O—
`bis(trimethylsilyl)trilluoroacetamide] using a mass spec-
`trometer, type D-300 manufactured by Nippon Elec-
`tronics.
`-
`M/e: 654 (NH), 552, 462, 372, 290, 272, 233, 231.
`(3) Ultraviolet absorption spectrum (ethanol solution)
`7\m.xnr_n=
`-
`230.]; 237.3; 246.4.
`(4)1 Infrared absorption spectrum (liquid film)
`cm‘ :
`3400, 2950, 1730.
`[5] Thin layer chromatography:
`TLC plate: Merck silica gel Art 5715;
`Solvent: benzene and acetone (l:l by volume);
`Rf value: 0.88.
`' By operating‘ as described above but replacing the
`diazomethane by another appropriate diazoalkane, it is
`possible to produce other esters of M-4.
`EXAMPLE 14
`
`is
`
`Preparation of Sodium Salts of M-4 and IsoM-4'
`The procedure described in Example 1 except that
`Na'2HP04 was used instead of the K2HP04 was re-
`peated up to and including filtration of the reaction
`liquor. The filtrate was then adsorbed on an HP-20
`column (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Indus-
`tries). After washing the column with water, fractions
`containing M-4 sodium salt, IsoM-4’sodium salt and
`M-3 sodium salt were eluted with 50% v/v aqueous
`acetone. The active fractions were freeze-dried, giving
`330 mg of a freeze-dried product, which was purified by
`repeatedly subjecting it
`to high-performance liquid
`chromatography (column: at Bondapak C15, 40% v/v
`
`63 mg of IsoM-4‘lactone were prepared, following
`the same procedures as in Example 7, but using Cun-
`nnzghamclla cchinulata IFO 4445.
`EXAMPLE 9
`
`24 mg of IsoM-4'lactone were prepared, following
`the same procedures as in Example 7, but using Sym:ep}2-
`alcsrrum racemosum IFO 4814.
`
`EXAMPLE 10
`
`35 mg of isoM«4'lactone were prepared, following
`the same procedures as in Example 7, but using Synceph-
`afastmm racemosum IFO 4828.
`
`EXAMPLE 1 l
`
`12 mg of lsoM-4’lactone were produced according to
`the process described in Example 7, but using Strepto-
`myces roscochromogerms NRRL 1233.
`EXAMPLE 12
`
`Preparation of IsoM-4-‘sodium salt
`In a small amount of acetone were dissolved 10 mg of
`lsoM-4‘lactone. To the solution was added an equiva-
`lent amount of sodium hydroxide and the mixture was
`allowed to stand for I hour. The pH of the resulting
`mixture was adjusted with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid to a
`value of 8.0. The acetone was then distilled off, and the
`residue was placed on an XAD-Z0 column (about 20
`ml). The column was washed with distilled water and
`then eluted. with 50 ml of 50% v/v aqueous acetone.
`The acetone was again distilled off, and the residue was
`freeze-dried to afford 6 mg of IsoM-4-‘sodium salt, hav-
`ing the following characteristics:
`(1) Ultraviolet absorption spectrum (methanol solu-
`tion) Amxnm: 229 (shoulder); 235; 245 (shoulder).
`(2) Infrared absorption spectrum (KBr) v cm-1:
`3400, 2850, 1710, 1580.
`(3) Thin layer chromatography:
`TLC plate: Merck silica gel Art 5715;
`Solvent: benzene, acetone, acetic acid (50:50:3 by
`volume);
`Rf value: 0.45.
`
`EXAMPLE 13
`
`l0
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`Preparation of M-4 methyl ester
`Twenty 500 ml Sakaguchi flasks, each containing [00
`ml of a medium of the same composition as shown in
`Example 1, were inoculated -with spores of AbLs'idfa' coe-
`mleu IFO 4423. The flasks were subjected to shaking
`culture at 26° C. and 120 s.p.m. for 2 days. The sodium
`salt of ML236E was then added to each of the flasks to
`a final concentration of 0.05% w/v. Cultivation was
`continued at 26° C. and 120 s.p.m. for a further 5 days.
`After completion of the cultivation, the reaction li-
`quor was filtered. and the filtrate was adjusted with
`trifluoroacetic acid to pH 3. The resulting mixture was
`extracted with three 1 liter portions of ethyl acetate, to
`give extracts containing M~3, M-4 and IsoM-4'. Both 60.
`M-4 and IsoM-4’show an Rf value of 0.45 on thin layer
`chromatography (Plate: Merck silica gel Art 5715; sol-
`vent: a 50:50:3 by volume mixture of benzene, acetone
`and acetic acid). The combined extracts were washed
`with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then an
`ethereal solution of diazomethane was added. The mix-
`ture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes and then evap-
`orated under reduced pressure to dryness. Wlten the
`
`65
`
`11 M23
`
`PENN EX. 2189
`
`CFAD V. UPENN
`lPR20l5-01836
`
`

`
`4,346,227
`
`15
`1 ml/min.) to give 32 mg of M—4
`aqueous methanol
`sodium salt and 280 mg of lsoM-4’sodium salt.
`The properties of the IsoM-'sodium salt were identi-
`cal to those of the product of Example 12 and the prop-
`erties of the 'M—4 sodium salt are as follows:
`(1) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum:
`Measurement was made at 200 MHz in deuterome-
`thanol using tetrarnethylsilane as the internal standard.
`fippm:
`0.91 (3H, triplet, J=7.5 Hz);
`0.92 (3H, doublet J=7 Hz);
`1.12 (3H, doublet, J=7 Hz);
`1.1-1.8 (l0H, multiplet);
`2.25 (1H, doubled doublet, J: 15 and 7.6 Hz);
`2.34 (1H, doubled doublet, .3: l5 and 5.5 Hz);
`2.2-2.4 (3H, multiplet);
`2.48 (1H, multiplet):
`3.68 (1H, multiplet);
`4.07 (1H, multiplet);
`4.28 (1H, multiplet);
`5.36 (1H, multiplet);
`5.48 (1H, doubled doublet, J=3 and 2 Hz);
`5.88 (1H, doubled doublet, J=9.6 and 5.3 Hz);
`5.98 (1H, doublet, .J=9.8 Hz).
`(2) Ultraviolet absorption spectrum (methanol solu-
`tion) Amxnm:
`230.0; 237.2; 245.0.
`(3) Infrared absorption spectrum (KBr) 1: cm—‘:
`34-00, 2900, 1725, 1580.
`(4) Thin layer chromatography:
`TLC plate: Merck silica gel Art 5715;
`Solvent: benzene, acetone and acetic acid (50:50:3 by
`volume);
`Rf-value: 0.45.
`
`EXAMPLE 15
`
`i 18 mg of M-4 methyl ester were prepared,