Solaris 2.4 Introduction
`
`2550 Garcia Avenue
`Mountain View CA 94043
`.S.A
`
`Sun MiansySems Inc Buness
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 1
`
`

`
`Pfifmnr T/1rrcrff
`
`Pv
`
`ALIS
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 2
`
`

`
`1994 Sun Microsystems Inc
`2550 Garcia Avenue Mountain View California 94043-1100 U.S.A
`
`All rights reserved This product and related documentation are protected by copyright and distributed under licenses
`restricting its use copying distribution and decompilation No part of this product or related documentation may be
`reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors if any
`Portions of this product may be derived from the UNIX and Berkeley 4.3 BSD systems licensed from UNIX System
`Inc and the University of California respectively Third-party font
`Laboratories Inc wholly owned subsidiary of Novell
`software in this product is protected by copyright and licensed from Suns font suppliers
`
`RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject
`set forth in DFARS 252.227-7013
`ii and FAR 52.227-19
`
`to the restrictions
`
`The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S patents foreign patents or pending applications
`TRADEMARKS
`Sun Sun Microsystems the Sun logo Sun Microsystems Computer Corporation the Sun Microsystems Computer
`logo SunExpress SunSolve Solaris SunOS OpenWindows DeskSet ONC ONC
`Corporation logo SunSoft
`the SunSoft
`NFS Direct Xlib Solaris PEX AnswerBook AccessX ToolTalk SunCD SunVideo SunDials SunButtons SunDiag
`SunSHIELD SHIELD XGL and XIL are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems Inc in the U.S and certain
`other countries UNIX and OPEN LOOK are registered trademarks of UNIX System Laboratories Inc wholly owned
`subsidiary of Novell
`Inc Motif and OSF/Motif are registered trademarks of Open Software Foundation Inc Pentium is
`trademark of Eastman Kodak Company PostScript and Display PostScript are
`trademark of Intel Corporation PhotoCD is
`trademarks of Adobe Systems Inc All other product names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners
`
`All SPARC trademarks including the SCD Compliant Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International
`Inc SPARCstation SPARCserver SPARCengine SPARCstorage SPARCware SPARCcenter SPARCclassic SPARCcluster
`SPARCdesign SPARC8 11 SPARCprinter U1traSPARC microSPARC SPARCworks and SPARCompiler are licensed
`exclusively to Sun Microsystems Inc Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun
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`Sun acknowledges
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`license from Xerox to the Xerox Graphical User Interface
`non-exclusive
`which license also covers Suns licensees who implement OPEN LOOK GUIs and otherwise comply with Suns written license
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`THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
`INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR
`PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT
`
`THIS PUBLICATION COULD INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS CHANGES ARE
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`EDITIONS OF THE PUBLICATION SUN MICROSYSTEMS
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`AND/OR CHANGES IN
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`
`Please
`
`Recycle
`
`MobePoslSctt
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 3
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Preface
`
`ix
`
`Introduction to Solaris 2.4
`
`The Solaris 2.4 Software Environment
`
`New Features in Solaris 2.4
`
`Differences Between SPARC and x86
`
`How Solaris is Packaged
`
`Installing Solaris Software
`
`The OpenWindows
`
`3.4 Environment
`
`AccessX
`
`Motif 1.2.3 Runtime Environment
`
`Solaris 2.4 Enhancements
`
`The Solaris 2.4 Release
`
`The Solaris 2.3 Release
`
`The Solaris 2.2 Release
`
`XIL 1.2 Runtime Environment
`
`10
`
`111
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`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 4
`
`

`
`Solaris PEX 2.2 Runtime Environment
`
`Supported Devices and Features
`
`Installation Requirements
`
`XGL 3.1 Runtime Environment
`
`SPARC Supported Devices and Features
`
`Installing the XGL RTE and Reference Pipelines
`Solaris Security and Accessing Direct Graphic Access DGA
`SPARC Direct Xlib 3.1
`
`Upgrading from Direct Xlib 3.0 to 3.1
`
`ImageTool Enhancements
`
`Making the Transition to Solaris 2.4
`
`SPARC Making the Transition From SunOS 4.x
`
`SPARC Changes Affecting SunOS 4.x Users
`
`11
`
`12
`
`12
`
`12
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`14
`
`14
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`15
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`16
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`17
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`17
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`19
`
`20
`
`20
`
`SPARC Changes Affecting SunOS 4.x System Administrators 20
`
`SPARC Compatibility with SunOS 4.x Releases for SPARC
`Systems
`
`22
`
`SPARC The SunOS/BSD Source Compatibility Package 23
`
`SPARC The SunOS Binary Compatibility Package
`
`Making the Transition from Solaris 2.1 for x86
`
`Solaris 2.4 System Administration Tools
`
`Since the Solaris 2.3 Release
`
`Since the Solaris 2.1 Release
`
`System Administration in Solaris 2.4
`
`Starting the OpenWindows Software
`
`23
`
`24
`
`25
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`25
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`25
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`27
`
`27
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`iv
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`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 5
`
`

`
`Shell and Command Tools
`
`Common Administration Tasks
`
`Setting Up Printers and Printing
`ip Feature Transition
`
`Print Spooler
`
`Setting Up Mail
`
`ToolTalk Service
`
`Administering Realtime Applications
`
`Administering Files and File Systems
`
`Setting Up File Systems
`
`Administering Systems and Networks
`
`Dynamic Kernel
`
`Adding Devices or Kernel Modules During Boot
`
`Volume Management
`
`Displaying System Definitions
`
`Initializing and Changing Run Levels
`
`Administration Tool admintool
`
`Database Manager
`
`Host Manager
`
`Printer Manager
`
`Serial Port Manager
`
`User Account Manager
`
`Securing Systems and Networks
`
`Administration Tool Security
`
`The Shadow Password File
`
`Contents
`
`28
`
`28
`
`29
`
`29
`
`31
`
`31
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`32
`
`32
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`33
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`35
`
`35
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`36
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`37
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`38
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`38
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`39
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`39
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`40
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`40
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`40
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`41
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`41
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`41
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`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 6
`
`

`
`Automated Security Enhancement Tool ASET
`
`Setting Up Network Communication Services
`
`Administering Name Services
`NIS Network Security
`
`Solaris Documentation
`
`About AnswerBook On-Line Documentation
`
`Other Solaris AnswerBooks
`
`Printed Documents
`
`User AnswerBook
`
`Additional AnswerBook Documentation
`
`System Administrator AnswerBook Documents
`
`Reference Manual AnswerBook Documents
`
`Software and Driver Developer Documentation
`
`Software Developers
`
`Driver Developers
`
`Additional Information
`
`41
`
`42
`
`42
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`42
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`43
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`43
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`44
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`44
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`45
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`46
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`46
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`49
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`49
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`50
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`50
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`vi
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 7
`
`

`
`Tables
`
`Table P-i
`
`Typographic Conventions
`
`Table i-i
`
`New Features in Solaris 2.4
`
`Table i-2
`
`Motif
`
`i.2.3 Runtime Environment Package
`
`Table 2-i
`
`Enhanced Features in Solaris 2.4
`
`Table 2-2
`
`Features of Solaris 2.3
`
`Table 2-3
`
`Features of Solaris 2.2
`
`Table 2-4
`
`XIL i.2 Runtime Environment Packages
`
`Table 2-5
`
`Solaris PEX 2.2 RTE Packages
`
`Table 2-6
`
`XGL 3.i Runtime Packages
`
`Table 2-7
`
`ImageTool Photo CD Formats
`
`Table 4-i
`
`ip Administrative Commands
`
`Table 4-2
`
`Default Directories and Mount Points
`
`Table 4-3
`
`Location of CD and Diskette With
`
`File System
`
`Table 4-4
`
`Location of CD and Diskette Without
`
`File System
`
`Table 4-5
`
`Run Levels
`
`xi
`
`ii
`
`i2
`
`i3
`
`i7
`
`29
`
`33
`
`37
`
`37
`
`38
`
`vii
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 8
`
`

`
`viii
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 9
`
`

`
`Preface
`
`This manual describes those aspects of the SolarisTM 2.4 version of the System
`SVR4 UNIX that are of interest to users and system
`Release
`administrators
`
`information quickly this manual directs you to
`To help you find additional
`other sources for details Use this book primarily as an overview and
`pointer
`
`How This Manual Is Organized
`
`This manual
`
`is organized into the following chapters
`
`Introduction to Solaris 2.4 provides
`brief introduction to
`Chapter
`Solaris 2.4 lists new features in the release and gives
`other Solaris topics
`
`brief overview of
`
`Solaris 2.4 Enhancements
`describes the enhancements made
`Chapter
`to Solaris 2.4 including XILTM 1.2 Solaris PEXTM 2.2 XGLTM 3.1 Direct X1ibTM
`3.1 and more
`Chapter Making the Transition to Solaris 24 describes issues for those
`making the transition from earlier Solaris releases to Solaris 2.4
`
`Chapter System Administration in Solaris 2.4 summarizes the process
`of administering SunOSTM 5.x systems and ONCTM networks
`in the Solaris
`2.4 environment
`
`Solaris Documentation describes available Solaris 2.4 printed
`Chapter
`and AnswerBook on-line documentation and lists additional Solaris
`resource information
`
`ix
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 10
`
`

`
`Related Books
`
`See the following manuals to get
`
`broader overview of the Solaris 2.4 release
`
`SPARC Installing Solaris Software
`x86 Installing Solaris Software
`Solaris 2.4 Open Issues and Late-Breaking News
`Solaris Lx to Solaris 2.x Transition Guide
`Solaris Users Guide
`
`For additional
`
`information on hardware topics see the following documents
`
`SPARC Hardware Compatibility List
`Solaris 2.4 x86 Hardware Compatibility List
`x86 Device Configuration Guide
`
`For additional
`documents
`
`information on system administration topics see the following
`
`User Accounts Printers and Mail Administration
`Security Performance and Accounting Administration
`Peripherals Administration
`File System Administration
`Administration Application Reference Manual
`Common Administration Tasks
`Software and AnswerBook Packages Administration Guide
`SunSHIELD Basic Security Module Guide
`TCP/IP Network Administration Guide
`Name Services Administration Guide
`NFS Administration Guide
`SunDiag Users Guide
`Name Services Configuration Guide
`Direct Xlib Users Guide
`
`For additional
`information on software and driver development
`following documents
`
`topics see the
`
`Software Developer Kit Introduction
`Software Developer Kit Open Issues and Late-Breaking News
`Driver Developer Kit Introduction
`Driver Developer Kit Open Issues and Late-Breaking News
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 11
`
`

`
`What Typographic Changes and Symbols Mean
`
`Table P-i describes the type changes and symbols used in this book
`
`Table P-I
`
`Typographic Conventions
`
`Typeface or
`
`Symbol
`
`Meaning
`
`AaBbCcl23
`
`The names of commands files
`and directories on-screen
`
`computer output
`
`Example
`
`Edit your
`login file
`Use ls -a to list all files
`system You have mail
`
`AaBbCcl23
`
`AaBbCcI23
`
`What you type contrasted with
`on-screen computer output
`
`system su
`Password
`
`Command-line placeholder
`real name or
`replace with
`value
`
`To delete
`
`file type rm filename
`
`AaBbCcI23
`
`Book titles new words or terms
`or words to be emphasized
`
`in Users Guide
`
`Read Chapter
`These are called class options
`You must be root to do this
`
`Code samples are included in boxes and may display the following
`
`shell prompt
`
`system%
`
`Superuser prompt
`
`shell
`
`system
`
`Bourne and Korn shell prompt
`
`Superuser prompt Bourne and
`Korn shells
`
`Platform-Specific Conventions
`
`are used to indicate that
`The following conventions
`table or figure discussed in text applies only to
`either SPARC or x86 but not both
`
`section note bullet
`specific platform that is to
`
`Section or Procedure Title
`
`The following symbols are used to indicate that
`only to the named platform
`
`section or procedure applies
`
`SPARC
`
`Denotes
`
`SPARC platform-specific section or procedure
`Denotes an x86 platform-specific section or procedure
`
`Preface
`
`xi
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 12
`
`

`
`Notes
`
`The following notations are used to indicate that
`only to the named platform
`
`section or procedure applies
`
`SPARC
`
`This note is specific to the SPARC platform
`
`x86
`
`This note is specific to the x86 platform
`
`Bullet Items
`
`The following items are used to indicate that
`platform
`SPARC This bullet is specific to the SPARC platform
`x86 This bullet is specific to the x86 platform
`
`bullet applies only to the named
`
`Code Samples Thbles and Figures
`
`The following notations are used to indicate that
`applies only to the named platform
`
`code sample table or figure
`
`Table 1-1
`
`Table 1-2
`
`SPARC Title Specific to SPARC Platform
`x86 Title Specific to x86 Platform
`
`xii
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 13
`
`

`
`Introduction to Solaris 2.4
`
`is meant
`to answer the
`This book provides an introduction to Solaris 2.4 It
`general questions that users and system administrators may have about
`features enhancements
`and latest changes
`to Solaris 2.4
`
`the
`
`This manual briefly covers the following topics
`
`New features in the Solaris 2.4 release
`
`Enhancements to previous Solaris features
`
`SPARC and x86 platforms and how to install and support Solaris on both
`
`The transition from previous Solaris releases to Solaris 2.4
`
`System administration including printing electronic mail file systems
`networks naming services Administration Tool and more
`
`Solaris documentation including AnswerBook on-line documents and
`printed books
`
`robust and sophisticated software environment There are many
`Solaris 2.4 is
`Solaris topics that cannot be touched upon or covered in this book For more
`information on the Solaris documentation that covers these topics and for
`resources see Chapter Solaris Documentation
`information on additional
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 14
`
`

`
`The Solaris 2.4 Software Environment
`
`The Solaris 2.4 software environment provides users and system
`administrators with the following
`
`SPARC and x86 cross-functional
`compatibility enabling the Solaris 2.4
`operating system to run on SPARC as well as Intel 386 486 and PentiumTM
`hardware
`
`32-bit Solaris 2.4 operating system
`
`Release
`
`SVR4 and the ONC family
`
`Industry standards UNIX System
`of networking protocols
`in the OPEN LOOK
`OpenWindowsTM 3.4 graphical user interface GUI
`Window Manager and DeskSetTM environment
`for increased productivity
`OPEN LOOK Administration Tool as the base for object-oriented
`administration
`
`system
`
`New Features in Solaris 2.4
`
`The Solaris 2.4 release includes some new features as well as enhancements to
`previously provided Solaris features For information about Solaris 2.4
`enhancements
`see Chapter Solaris 2.4 Enhancements
`
`Table 1-1 New Features in Solaris 2.4
`
`Solaris 2.4 New Features
`
`Description
`
`AccessXTM enabling
`technology
`
`OSF/Motil Runtime
`Environment
`
`Motif installation GUI
`
`Transparent Overlays
`
`to provide handicapped
`Enabling technology
`variety of keyboard modifications
`
`with
`
`access
`
`Runtime Environment used to run Motif
`
`applications
`
`new graphical user interface GUIprovides step
`by-step instructions for installing Solaris software
`
`graphics application programmer interface API
`imagery in application
`allowing temporary graphical
`windows
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 15
`
`

`
`Differences Between SPARC andx86
`
`-t
`
`Solaris 2.4 runs on both SPARC and x86 platforms In most cases the
`differences between these two environments are minimal However
`differences do exist These are
`
`few
`
`x86 hard disks have standard PC fdisk partitioning as well as standard Sun
`label partitioning
`
`Many x86 peripherals require manual hardware and software configuration
`the variety of hardware is greater with x86
`In general
`
`x86 systems have more pointing devices and display devices available
`
`x86 keyboards do not have Meta or L-keys key sequences
`provide the same functions
`
`are used to
`
`boot diskette in addition to
`x86 systems require
`CD-ROM drive to install
`
`local or remote
`
`x86 secondary boot ufsboot
`interface
`
`inetboot has
`
`shell-like interpreter
`
`How Solaris is Packaged
`
`The Solaris 2.4 release is shipped on
`systems For x86 systems there is both
`
`single CD compact disc for SPARC
`CD and
`single boot diskette
`
`Installing Solaris Software
`
`Before installing Solaris software you should have
`
`Supported hardwaresee SPARC Hardware Compatibility List or Solaris 2.4
`x86 Hardware Compatibility List
`
`Minimum required hardwaresee SPARC Installing Solaris Software and
`x86 Installing Solaris Software
`
`If you are making the transition to Solaris 2.4 from SunOS 4.x for
`Note
`SPARC or from Solaris 2.1 for x86 see Chapter Making the Transition to
`Solaris 2.4 before installing Solaris software
`
`Introduction to Solaris 2.4
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 16
`
`

`
`For step-by-step instructions on installing Solaris software on systems using
`interactive or custom JumpStart methods see
`the JumpStart
`
`SPARC Installing Solaris Software
`x86 Installing Solaris Software
`
`after Solaris is installed you can use
`To add or remove software packages
`pkgadd 1M and pkgrm 1M command-line utilities that are described in
`the Software and AnswerBook Packages Administration Guide
`Software Manager swmtool 1M an OPEN LOOK graphical user interface
`Packages Administration Guide
`
`is described in Software and AnswerBook
`
`that
`
`The Open Windows 3.4 Environment
`
`The OpenWindows
`Version 3.4 environment provides the following features
`The OPEN LOOK Window Manager OLWM client
`server manages the following
`Window placement
`Workspace Programs menu
`Window and icon opening and closing
`Application starting and exiting
`
`to the OpenWindows
`
`Internationalization which enables you to select
`language time
`format and numeric format for the workspace and the DeskSet applications
`
`the local
`
`localized version of the Solaris 2.4 release you can install
`If you have
`for European or Asian locales
`localization packages that provide support
`
`The OpenWindows
`server the platform of the OpenWindows
`for window applications
`
`environment
`
`is
`
`is the foundation for the
`The OpenWindows
`program that
`server
`environment
`is the X11R5 sample server with Display
`OpenWindows
`PostScript DPS imaging system extension and considerable SunSoft
`added value The OpenWindows
`extensions
`server also includes several
`and DPS font enhancements
`
`It
`
`Solaris 2.4 AnswerBook software
`documentation
`
`document viewing system for on-line
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 17
`
`

`
`-t
`
`.L
`
`AccessX
`
`users to customize their
`The Solaris AccessX software allows handicapped
`keyboard behavior
`for easier access to the Solaris operating environment
`fully described in Solaris Users Guide
`
`It
`
`is
`
`Motif 1.2.3 Runtime Environment
`
`the Motif runtime environment RTE if users at your site
`You should install
`that were developed and linked with Suns version of
`run Motif applications
`OSF/Motif
`1.2.3 dynamic libraries
`
`The Motif 1.2.3 runtime environment
`
`includes
`
`The Motif widget
`
`library libxm
`
`The Motif resource manager
`
`library
`
`ibMrm
`
`The Motif User Interface Language library libuil
`
`Header
`
`files for Xm uil Mrm and bitmaps
`
`Default key bindings for Motif on Sun
`An executable xmbind which allows you to change your keybindings
`restarting olwm
`without
`
`The Motif 1.2.3 RTE lets you run Motif applications and is delivered
`Note
`with Solaris software To develop Motif 1.2.3 applications you need the Solaris
`Software Developer Kit SDK Solaris option that must be purchased
`
`separately
`
`Introduction to Solaris 2.4
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 18
`
`

`
`The Motif 1.2.3 RTE package
`
`contents are listed in Table 1-2
`
`Table 1-2 Motif 1.2.3 Runtime Environment Package
`
`Package
`Name
`
`SUNWmf run
`
`Package Contents
`
`Default
`
`Installation Location
`
`Motif dynamic libraries
`and Motif keybindings
`
`Header
`
`files for Motif
`
`libraries
`
`xmbind
`
`/usr/dt/lib
`
`/usr/dt/include
`
`/usr/dt/bin
`
`Man page for xmbind
`
`/usr/dt/man/manl
`
`the Motif RTE select the entire distribution software group or select
`To install
`another software group and add the SUNWmf run package
`
`For more information on using Motif in your environment see OSF Application
`Environment Specification AES User Environment Volume Revision
`PTR
`Prentice Hall
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 19
`
`

`
`The Solaris 2.4 Release
`
`Solaris 2.4 Enhancements
`
`For the benefit of users and systems administrators updating from earlier
`Solaris releases this chapter describes the features that were added or
`enhanced in Solaris software from releases 2.2 to 2.4
`
`Table 2-1 lists the features enhanced in Solaris 2.4
`
`Table 2-1
`
`Enhanced Features in Solaris 2.4
`
`Solaris 2.4 Features
`
`Description
`
`XIL1.2 Imaging Library
`Runtime Environment
`
`SolarisPEX 2.2 Runtime
`Environment
`
`XGL 3.1 Runtime
`Environment
`
`foundation imaging library suitable for libraries or
`applications requiring imaging or digital video such as
`document
`imaging color prepress or digital video
`and playback
`
`generation
`
`An application programmer interface API
`that
`provides application portability across platforms and
`3-D graphics rendering on local and remote displays
`
`2-D and 3-D immediate-mode application
`programmer interface API
`that provides portability
`across hardware platforms and optimal performance
`from graphics acceleration
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 20
`
`

`
`The Solaris 2.3 Release
`
`Table 2-1
`
`Enhanced Features in Solaris 2.4
`
`Solaris 2.4 Features
`
`Description
`
`Direct Xlib 3.1
`
`Expanded localization
`OpenWindows 3.4
`
`graphics application that uses the new DGA
`Drawable Interface and supports systems with multiple
`frame buffers It provides modified versions of the
`standard Xli libraries to accelerate Xlib rendering
`performance
`
`The operating system is now available for desktop and
`workgroup server product configurations in four
`European languages and four Asian languages as well
`as Latin American Spanish and U.S English
`
`ImageTool enhancements
`
`Functionality enhanced so the user can read Kodak
`images from Ph0t0CDTM disc using Image Tool
`
`Enhanced hardware
`
`support
`
`wider range of new hardware configurations are
`supported refer to SPARC Hardware Compatibility List
`or Solaris 2.4 x86 Hardware Compatibility List for
`specific details
`
`Table 2-2 lists the features that were added in the Solaris 2.3 release
`
`Table 2-2
`
`Features of Solaris 2.3
`
`Solaris 2.3 Features
`
`Description
`
`Direct Xlib 3.0
`
`The first
`
`release of Direct Xlib that utilized MIT DDX
`loadable modules to perform Xli
`device-dependent
`
`graphics rendering
`
`Serial Port Manager
`
`tool
`
`that enables you to quickly setup and modify
`serial port software for terminals and modems
`
`Autofs
`
`PPP
`
`new kernel virtual
`file system that supports
`automatic mounting of file systems
`
`An asynchronous
`implementation of the standard data
`link level Point-to-Point Protocol PPP included in the
`Internet protocol suite that enables communications
`links using modems and telephone lines
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 21
`
`

`
`The Solaris 2.2 Release
`
`Table 2-2
`
`Features of Solaris 2.3
`
`Solaris 2.3 Features
`
`Description
`
`Cache File System
`CacheFS
`
`NIS
`
`nonvolatile caching mechanism to improve
`of certain file systems by utilizing
`performance
`local disk
`
`fast
`
`small
`
`Three additional scripts to enable you to more easily
`set up an NIS domain
`
`SolarisPEX Runtime
`Environment RTE
`
`An implementation of the MIT PEX specification
`Window System to support 3D
`an extension to the
`
`that
`
`is
`
`graphics
`
`Table 2-3 lists the features that were added in the Solaris 2.2 release
`
`Table 2-3
`
`Features of Solaris 2.2
`
`Solaris 2.2 Features
`
`Description
`
`XIL 1.0 Imaging Library
`Runtime Environment
`
`Imaging library runtime environment
`to use with
`imaging and video applications developed with the
`XIL 1.0 Imaging Library Software Developers kit
`
`Direct Xlib 2.0
`
`The first
`
`release of Direct Xlib available for Solaris 2.x
`
`Volume Management
`
`Software that automatically mounts and unmounts
`CDs and diskettes
`
`Multithreaded Library
`Interface
`
`An interface that allows developers access to MIT
`applications
`
`User Installation Interfaces
`
`User interfaces that make it easy to install and upgrade
`Solaris
`
`AnswerBook
`
`Improvements
`
`Enhanced OpenWindows
`
`New AnswerBook administrators utility
`abadmin
`and Library-based user
`interface that
`allows easy access to AnswerBook
`sets located over
`networks
`
`enhancements
`OpenWindows
`include Image Tool an
`improved Properties Tool
`integrated international
`capabilities and many ease-of-use improvements
`
`Solaris 2.4 Enhancements
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 22
`
`

`
`XIL 1.2 Runtime Environment
`
`is automatically installed if you select either
`
`The XIL 1.2 Runtime Environment
`of the following software groups
`
`End user system support
`
`Developer system support
`
`Entire distribution
`
`Note
`The Solaris installation program lets you edit the selection of packages
`however if you do not want the XIL 1.2 runtime environment RTE you must
`explicitly deselect
`
`it
`
`the XIL 1.2 RTE if users at your site run image-processing
`You should install
`applications that were developed with XIL For example ImageTool
`DeskSet
`requires the XIL runtime environment
`component
`
`The XIL 1.2 library includes several new features that were not available in the
`new XilDevice object that can
`XIL 1.1 library For example it contains
`new
`devices attributes and
`atomically initialize
`XillnterpolationTable object
`that permits vertical and horizontal kernel
`sampling on source-image pixels XIL 1.2 applications that
`take advantage of
`these and other new XIL 1.2 features will not run in the XIL 1.1 RTE
`
`The XIL 1.2 RTE supports
`
`and 24 bit visuals
`
`The XIL 1.2 RTE lets you run XIL applications and is delivered with
`Note
`Solaris software To develop XIL applications you need the Solaris Software
`Developer Kit SDK which is
`Solaris option that must be purchased
`
`separately
`
`10
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 23
`
`

`
`The XIL 1.2 RTE packages are listed in Table 2-4
`
`Table 2-4 XIL 1.2 Runtime Environment Packages
`
`Package
`Name
`
`SUNWxildg
`
`Package Contents
`
`XIL Loadable Pipeline
`Libraries
`
`Default
`
`Installation Location
`
`/opt/SUNWits/Graphics-
`
`sw/xil
`
`SUNWxiler
`
`XIL English Localization
`
`/opt/SUNWits/Graphics-
`
`sw/xil
`
`SUNWxilrt
`
`SUNWxilow
`
`XIL Runtime
`
`Environment
`
`/opt/SUNWits/Graphics-
`
`sw/xil
`
`XIL Loadable Pipeline
`Libraries
`
`/usr/openwin/SUNWits/Graphics
`-sw/xil
`
`SUNWxilrt SUNWxiler SUNWx11dg and SUNWx110w make up the XIL
`runtime environment SUNWxilrt contains the core XIL library and
`configuration files SUNWxI1dg and SUNWxI10w
`contain the XIL loadable
`pipelines and SUNWxiler contains the XIL English language error messages
`to be
`Applications built with the XIL library require these four packages
`installed for example ImageTool cannot
`run unless all
`four of these packages
`are installed
`
`Solaris PEX 2.2 Run time Environment
`
`Solaris PEX 2.2 RTE consists of PEX client-side runtime library PEX1ib and
`PEX server-extension
`file Solaris PEX server PEX1ib is an
`shared-object
`application programmer interface API to PEX protocol as Xlib is to core
`protocol PEX1ib provides application portability across hardware platforms
`and enables 3D graphics rendering on local and remote displays The
`Version 3.4 Xli server automatically loads the PEX shared-
`OpenWindows
`object extension when incoming PEX requests are sent from PEX client
`
`and
`The PEX1ib implementation for Solaris 2.4 is based on PEXlib
`Specification
`Language Binding Version 5.1 available from the Massachusetts Institute of
`Technology MIT The PEX server extension is based on PEX Protocol
`JP
`Specification Version
`
`Solaris 2.4 Enhancements
`
`11
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 24
`
`

`
`Solaris PEX 2.2 RTE is included in the Solaris 2.4 release for your convenience
`and should be installed if you are planning to
`
`Run PEX1ib-based graphics client applications
`
`Display any 3D graphics from client applications that perform rendering on
`remote displays through the PEX protocol
`
`To install PEX choose the entire distribution software group when installing
`Solaris 2.4
`
`Supported Devices and Features
`
`the devices that are supported in XGL 3.1
`Solaris PEX 2.2 RTE supports all
`through Direct Graphics Access DGA and Xlib
`
`Installation Requirements
`
`Solaris PEX 2.2 RTE requires OpenWindows Version 3.4 and XGL 3.1 RTE
`packages The PEX RTE packages
`are installed with the Entire Distribution
`option in Sun Install
`If you want to use Custom Install
`in either Developer
`System Support or End User System Support you need to select SunPEX
`the PEX RTE packages
`Runtime Environment explicitly in install
`
`The Solaris PEX 2.2 RTE packages
`
`are listed in Table 2-5
`
`Table 2-5 Solaris PEX 2.2 RTE Packages
`
`Package Name
`
`SUNWpexcl
`
`SUNwpexsv
`
`Package Content
`
`PEX Runtime Client
`
`Libraries
`
`PEX Runtime Server
`Extension
`
`Default
`
`Installation Location
`
`/usr/openwin
`
`/usr/openwin
`
`XGL 3.1 Run time Environment
`
`The Solaris 2.4 release includes the XGL 3.1 runtime environment RTE The
`XGL product
`2-D and 3-D immediate-mode application programmer
`interface APi that provides application portability across hardware platforms
`and enables graphics applications to get optimal performance from graphics
`accelerators
`
`is
`
`12
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 25
`
`

`
`The XGL 3.1 RTE lets you run XGL applications
`Note
`and is delivered with
`Solaris software To develop XGL applications you need the Solaris Software
`Developer Kit SDK Solaris option that must be purchased separately
`
`You should install XGL if users at your site are running
`graphics application
`SPARCstation system since the application may reference the XGL
`on
`is not always obvious whether an application requires the XGL
`libraries It
`RTE Therefore we recommend that you install
`the XGL RTE if you are
`installing OpenWindows Version 3.4 software on
`color SPARCstation system
`
`Applications built with the XGL library require these four packages
`installed The default installation location for these packages
`/opt/SUNW1ts/Graphics
`sw/xgi
`
`is
`
`to be
`
`The XGL 3.1 RTE packages
`
`are listed inTable 2-6
`
`Table 2-6 XGL 3.1 Runtime Packages
`
`Package Name
`
`Package Contents
`
`SUNWxglrt
`
`SUNWxgler
`
`SUNWxgldg
`
`XGL runtime library and the RomanM stroke font
`
`Localized error message files for SUNWxglrt
`
`Loadable pipeline libraries for generic drivers with specific
`error message files when applicable The generic drivers
`include cg6 GX GXplus TurboGX and TurboGXplus cfb
`color frame buffers such as cg3 and cg8 mem
`non-accelerated
`memory xpex combined Xlib and PEXlib pipelines swp
`software pipeline and cgm CGM Stream device XGL
`loadable libraries for other devices are included in the
`
`packages distributed with each device
`
`SUNWxglft
`
`XGL stroke fonts
`
`The Solaris 2.4 XGL runtime library libxgl so which is shipped as part of
`the SUNWxglrt package must be used with the Solaris 2.4 versions of the XGL
`reference pipelines in the SUNWxgldg package Users cannot use Solaris 2.3
`ibxgl so If users try to
`reference pipelines with the Solaris 2.4 version of
`Solaris 2.3 or older version of the reference pipelines with the Solaris 2.4
`use
`ibxgl so XGL will
`from within the runtime loader with unresolved
`reference errors
`external
`
`fail
`
`Solaris 2.4 Enhancements
`
`13
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 26
`
`

`
`SPARC Supported Devices and Features
`
`Any graphics device supported by Solaris 2.4 is supported by the XGL RTE
`through Xlib or PEX1ib
`
`x86 All x86 display adapters are supported through Xlib rendering
`
`The XGL 3.1 RTE provides support via Direct Graphics Access DGA for the
`following SBus graphics devices
`GX GXplus TurboGX TurboGXplus
`CG3 CG8 TC
`
`The XGL 3.1 RTE uses PEX the 3-D extension to
`whenever possible to
`render on remote displays If the display doesnt support PEX then Xlib is
`used for rendering With this release not all XGL primitives are accelerated
`through PEX Those that arent are rendered via Xlib
`
`Note
`
`If window raster is created on
`remote server that supports PEX but
`ibPEX5 so cannot be found on the local machine XGL
`the PEX1ib library
`issues an error message and uses Xlib to communicate with the remote
`window raster To eliminate the error either install
`the PEX1ib library or
`disable PEX on the remote server
`
`In stalling the XGL RTE and Reference Pipelines
`
`The XGL RTE packages
`are automatically installed if you select any of the
`following software groups
`
`Entire distribution
`
`Developer system support
`
`End user system support
`
`the XGL RTE is included in the End user system support package it
`Note that
`installs automatically when you choose the initial upgrade option
`
`The XGL packages
`are not deselected from the list of available software
`so the XGL RTE is installed unless you explicitly deselect
`packages
`
`it
`
`14
`
`Solaris 2.4 IntroductionAugust
`
`1994
`
`Petitioner IBM – Ex. 1045, p. 27
`
`

`
`-I
`
`If you installed the XGL libraries at
`previous release and follow the
`Note
`normal upgrade procedure to install new packages
`for the current
`release the
`new versions of the XGL packages
`are installed correctly However
`if you
`explicitly delete XGL packages pkgrm may not remove all
`the files and
`directories that were created by other packages
`or by third party software If
`you then add the SUNwxglrt package using pkgadd the SUNwxglrt
`package
`symbolic link on top of the existing directories and the disk space
`will