IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`In Re the Application of:
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`Charles L. Karr
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`Serial No.: 12/014,092
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`Filed: 01-14-2008
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`Atty. File No.: 1003-6
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`Entitled: "MULTIPLE LOCATION ESTIMATORS
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`FOR WIRELESS LOCATION"
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`Group Art Unit: 2617
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`Confirmation No.: 9897
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`Examiner: Jama, Isaak R.
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`AFTER ALLOWANCE
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`AMENDMENT
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`Electronically Submitted
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`Commissioner for Patents
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`P.O. Box 1450
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`Alexandria, VA22313-1450
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`Dear Sir:
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`Applicants appreciate the Examiner's allowance of the present application. It is herein
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`requested that the amendments herein be entered into the present application as an after allowance
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`amendment.
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`New subclaims 3-44 are provided herein together with support for these subclaims in the
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`Remarks section. Minor amendments to Claim 1 have been made to better define the claimed
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`invention. No new matter has been added to present application. An additional "apparatus"
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`version of independent Claim 1 has been added as well as a Claim 43. It is believed that Claim 43
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`provides no burden on the Examiner to allow. The fees for the additional 42 claims are being paid
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`with the electronic filing of this paper.
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`In the event that the Examiner has any questions or concerns, it is requested that the
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`Examiner contact the undersigned Applicant.
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`Applicants further request entry of substitute drawing sheets for Figs. 8(1) and 8(2)
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`provided herewith. The present application is identified as a continuation of U.S. Patent
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`Application No. 09/194,367 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,764,231); however, the originally filed drawings
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`for Figs. 8(1) and 8(2) for the present application were unintentionally obtained from another
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`1
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 1
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`related patent application wherein these originally filed figures included additional information not
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`in the corresponding Figs. 8(1) and 8(2) of U.S. Patent Application No. 09/194,367. Accordingly,
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`it is requested that Figs. 8(1), and 8(2) as originally entered in the present application be replaced
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`with the corresponding figures provided herewith which correspond to the originally filed figures
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`of U.S. Patent Application No. 09/194,367.
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`Applicants note that in the publication of the present application, U.S. Publication No.
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`2008/0113672, that Appendices A, B, C, and D were not printed. It is respectfully requested that
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`all Appendices to the present application be published when the present application issues. Note
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`that these Appendices are not "program listings" as per 3 7 CFR § 1. 96 in that the "code" presented
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`is pseudo-code providing high level descriptions software code that could be provided to make
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`such pseudo-code operative. Moreover, the descriptions of these appendices provide descriptions
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`of specific functionality and operations performed and claimed by the claimed invention. In
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`particular, these Appendices do NOT include "printouts" of computer instructions. Accordingly,
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`such Appendices are an integral part of the specification that is provided as appendices in order to
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`make the application more easy to follow. If the Examiner (or anyone else at the Office) believes
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`such Appendices should not be printed, then it is respectfully requested that the Applicant
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`undersigned be contacted immediately.
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`2
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 2
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`IN THE CLAIMS.
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`1. (Currently Amended)
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`A method for locating, from a plurality of wireless mobile stations,
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`one of the wireless mobile stations using measurements of wireless signals, wherein at least one of:
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`(i) said measurements and (ii) said wireless signals are transmitted between said one wireless
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`mobile station and at least one of a plurality of fixed location communication stations, each
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`communication station capable of at least one of receiving wireless signals from, and transmitting
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`wireless signals to said one wireless mobile station, comprising the following steps at A and B
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`which are performed by computational machinery:
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`.(Al_ receiving, from each of at least first and second mobile station location estimators,
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`corresponding first and second information related to likely geographical approximations for a
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`location of said one wireless mobile station, wherein (a) and (b) following are satisfied:
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`(a)
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`for determining a likely geographical approximation, GAA, for a location, LA, of a
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`second of the wireless mobile stations at a time TA, said first mobile station
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`location estimator generates GAA without requiring a prior likely geographical
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`location approximation generated by said second mobile station location estimator
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`for locating the second wireless mobile station at substantially the location LA at
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`substantially the time TA, and,
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`(b)
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`for estimating a likely geographical approximation, GAB, for a location, LB, of a
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`third one of the wireless mobile stations at a time TB, said second mobile station
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`location estimator generates GAB without requiring a prior likely geographical
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`location approximation generated by said first mobile station location estimator for
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`locating the third wireless mobile station at the location LB at substantially the time
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`TB;
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`ill}_ determining a resulting location estimate of said one wireless mobile station, wherein
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`said step of determining includes at least one of the substeps (B 1) through (B2) following:
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`(B 1) when said first and second information include, respectively, first and second likely
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`geographical approximations, combining said first and second likely geographical
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`approximations so that said resulting location estimate is dependent on each of said
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`first and second location likely geographical approximations; and
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`(B2) selecting one of said first and second information for receiving preference in
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`determining said resulting location estimate, wherein said selecting is dependent
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`upon location related data in at least one of said first and second information.
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`3
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 3
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`2. (Currently Amended) The method of Claim 1, further including a step of providing display
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`information for: (a) displaying a representation of said resulting location estimate, wherein said
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`display information is for displaying with a map of an area having the resulting location estimate,
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`and (b) ©@n©Mf'f©ntly at a same time displaying information indicative of an accuracy of the
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`resulting location estimate.
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`3. (New)
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`The method of Claim 1, wherein the first and second mobile station location
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`estimators comprise hardware and software that perform different location determining
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`computational techniques for locating the one wireless mobile station.
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`4. (New)
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`The method of Claim 3, wherein for an unknown location L, of the one wireless
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`mobile station M, from which location related data is obtained for locating M, wherein the location
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`related data is obtained from values of one or more wireless signal characteristics, the values
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`dependent upon signal transmission of wireless signals to or from the one mobile station M:
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`for estimating the location L from the location related data at least one of (1) and (2) hold:
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`(1)
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`a first collection oflocation determining computational machinery instructions is
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`performed by an activation of the first mobile station location estimator, the first collection being
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`an operational representation of a first location determining technique;
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`wherein the first location technique: (i) is representable independently of all actual
`
`geographical locations, and (ii) identifies, for use in determining each unknown mobile station
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`location (U1) of a plurality of unknown mobile station locations, a first predetermined set of at least
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`one of the wireless signal characteristics whose values are dependent upon signal transmission of
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`wireless signals to or from the one unknown mobile station location U 1;
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`wherein the performance of the first collection determines a first location estimate of L,
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`wherein an operational representation of the first location determining technique is not performed
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`by the second mobile station location estimator for determining a location estimation of L, or
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`(2)
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`a second collection of location determining computational machinery instructions
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`is performed by an activation of the second mobile station location estimator, the second collection
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`being an operational representation of a second location determining technique;
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`wherein the second location determining technique: (i) is representable independently of all
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`actual geographical locations, and (ii) identifies, for use in determining each unknown mobile
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`station location (U2) one of a plurality of unknown mobile station locations, a second
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`predetermined set of at least one of the wireless signal characteristics whose values are dependent
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`4
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 4
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`upon signal transmission of wireless signals to or from the one unknown mobile station location
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`U2;
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`wherein the performance of the second collection determines a second location estimate of
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`L, wherein an operational representation of the second location determining technique is not
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`performed by the first mobile station location estimator for determining a location estimation of L.
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`5. (New)
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`The method of Claim 4, wherein the one or more wireless signal characteristics for
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`locating an unknown mobile location includes at least one of: a time of arrival of a wireless signal
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`transmitted from the unknown mobile location to one of the communication stations attached to the
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`Earth, a time of arrival of a wireless signal transmitted to the unknown mobile location from a
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`satellite, and a signal strength of a wireless signal transmitted from the unknown mobile location to
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`one of the communication stations attached to the Earth.
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`6. (New)
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`The method of Claim 3, wherein for locating the one wireless mobile station, M
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`herein, the first and second mobile station location estimators perform different location
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`determining computational techniques for locating M such that if, for each of the first and second
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`mobile station location estimators, identical data were available for providing all input for locating
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`M, then upon activating each of the first and second location estimators with their input for locating
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`M obtained from the identical data, (1) a location related computation is performed by the
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`activation of the first mobile station location estimator that is not performed by the activation of the
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`second location estimator, or, (2) a location related computation is performed by the activation of
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`the second mobile station location estimator that is not performed by the activation of the first
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`location estimator.
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`7. (New)
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`The method of Claim 1, wherein the first mobile station location estimator
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`determines the first information via a computational machinery implementation of a first location
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`determining technique such that for data, obtained from values of first predetermined wireless
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`transmission characteristics of wireless signal communication with the one mobile station, being
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`available as input to the first mobile station location estimator, the first mobile station location
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`estimator outputs a likely geographical approximation of the one mobile station, the likely
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`geographical approximation being the first likely geographical approximation when (B 1) of Claim
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`1 holds;
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`wherein the second mobile station location estimator determines the second information
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`via a computational machinery implementation of a second location determining technique such
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`5
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 5
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`that for data, obtained from values of second predetermined wireless transmission characteristics of
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`wireless signal communication with the one mobile station, being available as input to the second
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`mobile station location estimator, the second mobile station location estimator outputs a second
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`likely geographical approximation of the one mobile station, the likely geographical approximation
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`being the second likely geographical approximation when (B 1) of Claim 1 holds;
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`wherein at least one of: (1) a computational machinery implementation of the second
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`location determining technique is not performed by the first mobile station location estimator in
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`determining the first information, or (2) a computational machinery implementation of the first
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`location determining technique is not performed by the second mobile station location estimator in
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`determining the second information.
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`8. (New)
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`The method of Claim 7 wherein for each wireless mobile station (N) of the
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`wireless mobile stations, N is an instance of the one wireless mobile station.
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`9. (New)
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`The method of Claim 7, wherein for each wireless mobile station (N) of a
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`multiplicity of the wireless mobile stations, wherein N is the instance of the one wireless mobile
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`station, the substep B 1 is performed.
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`10. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 4, wherein for each wireless mobile station (N) of a
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`multiplicity of the wireless mobile stations, wherein N is the instance of the one wireless mobile
`
`station, the substep B 1 is performed.
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`11. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 3, wherein for each wireless mobile station (N) of a
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`multiplicity of the wireless mobile stations, wherein N is the instance of the one wireless mobile
`
`station, the substep B 1 is performed.
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`12. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 3, wherein for each wireless mobile station (M) of a
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`multiplicity of the wireless mobile stations, wherein M is the instance of the one wireless mobile
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`station, the substep B2 is performed.
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`13. (New)
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`The method of Claim 4, wherein for each wireless mobile station (M) of a
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`multiplicity of the wireless mobile stations, wherein M is the instance of the one wireless mobile
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`station, the substep B2 is performed.
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`6
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 6
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`14. (New)
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`The method of Claim 7, wherein for each wireless mobile station (M) of a
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`multiplicity of the wireless mobile stations, wherein M is the instance of the one wireless mobile
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`station, the substep B2 is performed.
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`15. (New)
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`The method of Claim 1, wherein the first mobile station location estimator is a
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`collection of one or more computational machinery modules that include, or are operationally
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`dependent upon, a signal processing technique, provided by computational machinery, the first
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`mobile station location estimator for estimating a location of the one wireless mobile station when
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`computational machinery for the signal processing technique is supplied with data obtained from
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`wireless signals (S) received by the one mobile station from one or more transmitting stations not
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`attached to the Earth, wherein said wireless signals S provide time values, and the computational
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`machinery for the signal processing technique uses at least one differential between a time of
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`transmission and a time of arrival for the wireless signals S transmitted by a plurality of the
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`transmitting stations;
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`wherein the first information is dependent upon an output from the signal processing
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`technique.
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`16. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 15, wherein the second mobile station location estimator is
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`dependent upon a time difference of arrival of a wireless signal between the one wireless mobile
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`station and at least one of the communication stations.
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`17. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 15, wherein the second mobile station location estimator is
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`dependent upon a pattern recognition location technique, performed by computational machinery,
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`for estimating a location of the one wireless mobile station by recognizing a pattern of
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`characteristics of wireless signals communicated between the one wireless mobile station and one
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`or more of the communication stations.
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`18. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 17, wherein the pattern recognition location technique uses
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`characteristics of wireless signals from at least first and second wireless transmission paths of
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`wireless transmissions between the one wireless mobile station and at least one of the
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`communication stations.
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`19. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 15, wherein the second mobile station location estimator is
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`dependent upon a direction of arrival technique, performed by computational machinery, wherein
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`7
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 7
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`the direction of arrival technique determines a geographic estimation for a location of the one
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`wireless mobile station by using a direction from which wireless signals arrive at one of the
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`communication stations from the one wireless mobile station.
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`20. (New)
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`The method of Claim 15, wherein the second mobile station location estimator is
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`dependent upon location data indicative of a coverage area of at least one of the communication
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`stations, wherein the location data is used as a location estimate for the second information.
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`21. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 15, wherein when the first location information is
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`unavailable at a location, L, for the one wireless mobile station, the location estimate for the second
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`information is used for determining the resulting location estimate.
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`22. (New)
`
`The method as claimed in Claim 1, further including a step of transmitting, through
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`a telecommunications network, the first mobile station location estimator from a source site to an
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`activation site for generating the first information;
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`wherein the step of transmitting includes transmitting a representation of programmatic
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`instructions for the first mobile station location estimator via a communications network.
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`23. (New)
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`The method as claimed in Claim 1, further including, for a geographical indication,
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`GI, of one of the first and second information, a step of obtaining data indicative of a correctness
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`that the at least one geographical indication GI represents a location that includes the one wireless
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`mobile station.
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`24. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 23, wherein the data indicative of a correctness that is
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`obtained using previously obtained geographical indications for locating one or more mobile
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`station locations.
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`25. (New)
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`The method of Claim 23, wherein in performing the step B 1 of combining, the data
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`indicative of a correctness is used in determining an importance of the one of the first and second
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`information in the resulting location estimate.
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`26. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 23, wherein in performing the step of selecting, the data
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`indicative of a correctness is used in determining an importance of the one of the first and second
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`information in the resulting location estimate.
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`8
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 8
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`27. (New)
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`The method of Claim 1, wherein the first and second mobile station location
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`estimators use different wireless signal location related data for determining the resulting location
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`estimate.
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`28. (New)
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`The method of Claim 27, wherein for determining the resulting location estimate:
`
`(A)
`
`the first mobile station location estimator uses data indicative of a time difference
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`between: (1) a time of a wireless signal transmission from a transmitting station not attached to the
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`Earth, and (2) a time of arrival of the wireless signal;
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`(B)
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`the second mobile station location estimator does not use the data indicative of the
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`time difference; and
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`(C)
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`each of the first and second information includes a location estimate of the one
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`wireless mobile station.
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`29. (New)
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`The method of Claim 27, wherein for determining the resulting location estimate:
`
`(A)
`
`the first mobile station location estimator uses data indicative of a time difference
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`of arrival of wireless signal communications between: (1) the one wireless mobile station, and (2) a
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`plurality of the communication stations attached to the Earth;
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`(B)
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`the second mobile station location estimator does not use the data indicative of the
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`time difference of arrival, and
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`(C)
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`each of the first and second information includes a location estimate of the one
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`wireless mobile station.
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`30. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 27, wherein for determining the resulting location estimate:
`
`(A)
`
`the first mobile station location estimator uses data indicative of a time of arrival
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`of wireless signal communications between: (1) one of the communication stations, and (2) the one
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`wireless mobile station;
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`(B)
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`the second mobile station location estimator does not use the data indicative of the
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`time of arrival, and
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`(C)
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`each of the first and second information includes a location estimate of the one
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`wireless mobile station.
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`31. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 27, wherein for determining the resulting location estimate:
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`9
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 9
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`(A)
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`the first mobile station location estimator uses data indicative of a signal strength
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`of wireless signal communications between: (1) one of the communication stations, and (2) the one
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`wireless mobile station;
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`(B)
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`the second mobile station location estimator does not use the data indicative of the
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`signal strength, and
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`(C)
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`each of the first and second information includes a location estimate of the one
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`wireless mobile station.
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`32. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 3, further including a step of outputting display information
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`for, at a same time: (1) displaying a representation of a location estimate, LE, of the one first
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`mobile station obtained from the resulting location estimate, and, (2) displaying information
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`indicating one of: (i) an accuracy of the location estimate LE, and (ii) a confidence or reliability in
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`the location estimate LE.
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`33. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 32, wherein the display information is displayed on a map of
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`an area having the location estimate LE, and displayed at a same time therewith is the information
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`indicative of the accuracy of the location estimate.
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`34. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 5, wherein said first information is selected over said second
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`information unless there is information indicating a likelihood of the first information providing
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`reduced performance in locating the one wireless mobile station, wherein the first information is
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`dependent upon a signal processing technique, performed by computational machinery, for
`
`estimating a location of the one wireless mobile station when the signal processing technique is
`
`supplied with data obtained from wireless signals S received by the one wireless mobile station
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`from one or more transmitting stations not attached to the Earth, wherein the wireless signals S
`
`provide time values, and the signal processing technique uses at least one differential between a
`
`time of transmission and a time of arrival for the wireless signals S transmitted by a plurality of the
`
`transmitting stations.
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`35. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 3, further including the steps:
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`for the first mobile station location estimator, a step of determining the first information for
`
`locating the one wireless mobile station, wherein the first information includes one or more
`
`location estimates of a geographical location L of the one wireless mobile station, and wherein for
`
`determining at least one of the location estimates, there is (Al) - (A4) following:
`
`10
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 10
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`(Al)
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`a non-transient data storage of a collection, C, of wireless location related data
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`based upon: a plurality of data collections, wherein, for each geographical
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`location, G, of a plurality geographical locations, there is one of the data
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`collections having (i) and (ii) following:
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`(i) a representation of the geographical location G, and
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`(ii) wireless signal transmission information for a wireless signal, WS,
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`transmitted from one of: one of the mobile stations, M, and at least one of
`
`the communication stations and received by the other of the mobile station
`
`M or the at least one communication station, wherein the wireless signal
`
`transmission information includes effects from one or more objects along
`
`a wireless transmission path of the wireless signal WS when the objects
`
`affect the wireless signal prior to being received, and wherein the mobile
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`station M is approximately at the geographical location G; and
`
`(A2)
`
`for first wireless signal data indicative of a wireless communication between the
`
`one wireless mobile station and a first of the communication stations, there is an
`
`identification of the first communication station for accessing a first subcollection
`
`of the collection, C, of wireless location related data, and, for second wireless
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`signal data indicative of a wireless communication between the one wireless
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`mobile station and a second of the communication stations, there is an
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`identification of the second communication station for accessing a second
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`subcollection of the collection, C, of wireless location related data;
`
`(A3)
`
`a first value indicative of a discrepancy between wireless signal values for the first
`
`wireless signal data and the first subcollection of wireless location related data;
`
`(A4)
`
`a second value indicative of a discrepancy between wireless signal values for the
`
`second wireless signal data and the second subcollection of wireless location
`
`related data; and
`
`the step of determining the first information further including determining the at least one
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`location estimate dependent upon the first and second values.
`
`36. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 35, further including for the at least one location estimate, a
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`step of determining a confidence therefor, wherein the confidence is indicative of a likelihood of
`
`the of the one wireless mobile station having an actual location represented by the at least one
`
`location estimate.
`
`11
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`37. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 35, further including obtaining wireless signal strengths for
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`the one wireless mobile station wirelessly communicating with the communication stations,
`
`wherein each of the first and second values are dependent upon data for at least some of the
`
`wireless signal strengths.
`
`38. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 35, wherein the step of determining the first information
`
`includes a step of interpolating data (D) from the first subcollection, wherein the data D is used to
`
`determine the discrepancy in obtaining the first value collection C.
`
`39. (New) The method of Claim 35, further including a step of determining one or more
`
`intermediate location estimates of the one wireless mobile station, wherein at least one of the
`
`intermediate location estimates is adjusted according to at least one environmental characteristic.
`
`40. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 36, wherein the resulting location estimate includes data
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`indicative of the confidence, and further including a step of providing the resulting location
`
`estimate for presentation on a computational machine display, the display presenting a wireless
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`coverage area, wherein colors are provided on the display such that for portions of the coverage
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`area whose corresponding representations are displayed in different ones of the colors, each
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`different color represents a different corresponding likelihood of the one wireless mobile station
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`being located in the portion of the coverage area represented by the color.
`
`41. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 35, further including a step of selecting the first
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`communication station by the computational machinery.
`
`42. (New)
`
`The method of Claim 35, further including a step of obtaining, from wireless
`
`signal detection equipment, wireless signal location related data from at least some of the
`
`communication stations for performing a step of calibrating of one or more wireless location
`
`models that perform location estimations of the mobile stations, the calibration performed by the
`
`computational machinery.
`
`43. (New)
`
`An apparatus for locating, from a plurality of wireless mobile stations, one of the
`
`wireless mobile stations using measurements of wireless signals, wherein at least one of: (i) said
`
`measurements and (ii) said wireless signals are transmitted between said one wireless mobile
`
`station and at least one of a plurality of fixed location communication stations, each
`
`communication station capable of at least one of receiving wireless signals from, and transmitting
`
`wireless signals to said one wireless mobile station, comprising:
`
`first and second mobile station location estimators provided by computational machinery;
`
`12
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 12
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`wherein the apparatus is operative to accomplish (A) and (B) following:
`
`(A) receive, from each of at least first and second mobile station location estimators,
`
`corresponding first and second information related to likely geographical approximations for a
`
`location of said one wireless mobile station, wherein (a) and (b) following are satisfied:
`
`(a)
`
`for determining a likely geographical approximation, GAA, for a location, LA, of a
`
`second of the mobile stations at a time TA, said first mobile station location
`
`estimator generates GAA without requiring a prior likely geographical location
`
`approximation generated by said second mobile station location estimator for
`
`locating the second mobile station at substantially the location LA at substantially
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`the time TA, and,
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`(b)
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`for estimating a likely geographical approximation, GAB, for a location, LB, of a
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`third one of the mobile stations at a time TB, said second mobile station location
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`estimator generates GAB without requiring a prior likely geographical location
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`approximation generated by said first mobile station location estimator for locating
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`the third mobile station at the location LB at substantially the time TB;
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`(B) determine a resulting location estimate of said one wireless mobile station, wherein
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`said step of determining includes at least one of the substeps (B 1) through (B2) following:
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`(B 1) when said first and second information include, respectively, first and second likely
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`geographical approximations, combining said first and second likely geographical
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`approximations so that said resulting location estimate is dependent on each of said
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`first and second location likely geographical approximations; and
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`(B2) selecting one of said first and second information for receiving preference in
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`determining said resulting location estimate, wherein said selecting is dependent
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`upon location related data in at least one of said first and second information.
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`44. (New)
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`The apparatus of Claim 43, wherein the first mobile station location estimator is a
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`collection of one or more computational machinery modules that include, or are operationally
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`dependent upon, a signal processing technique, provided by computational machinery, the first
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`mobile station location estimator for estimating a location of the one wireless mobile station when
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`computational machinery for the signal processing technique is supplied with data obtained from
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`wireless signals (S) received by the one mobile station from one or more transmitting stations not
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`attached to the Earth, wherein said wireless signals S provide time values, and the computational
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`machinery for the signal processing technique uses at least one differential between a time of
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`13
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 13
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`

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`transmission and a time of arrival for the wireless signals S transmitted by a plurality of the
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`transmitting stations;
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`wherein the first information is dependent upon an output from the signal processing
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`technique.
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`14
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1033 Page 14
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`REGARDING NEW DRAWINGS
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`REMARKS
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`It is believed worthwhile to clarify that Fig. 8(1) of the present application, as originally
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`filed, included the following boxes identified as: (a) YOST FIRST ORDER MODEL(S); (b)
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`WATTERS FIRST ORDER MODEL(S); ( c) JOINT PROBABILITY FIRST ORDER MODEL;
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`and (d) GPS BASED FIRST ORDER MODEL. These boxes were not in the patent application
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`09/194,367 from which the present application is a continuation. Moreover, the subject matter for
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`boxes for (a) - (c) above are not described in specification or in any other figures of the present
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`application. However, it is believed that ( d) above adds no additional material to the present
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`application in that the specification provides the following passages:
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`1. There is a GPS location estimator (Specification page 91, line 29): "In order to
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`display an MBS computed location of a target MS 140, a location of the MBS must be
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`known or determined. Accordingly, each MBS 148 has a plurality of MBS location
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`estimators (or