'
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`·-·
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`In Re the Application of:
`
`DUPRAY et al.
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`PA TENT APPLICATION
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`Prior Group Art Unit:
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`Prior Examiner:
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`Serial No.: Not Yet Assigned
`
`FIRST PRELIMINARY AMENDMENT
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`Express Mail Label: EL822599407US
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`Filed: Herewith
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`Atty. File No.: 1003-2
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`For:
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`"WIRELESS LOCATION USING
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`MULTIPLE SIMULTANEOUS
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`LOCATION ESTIMATORS"
`
`Assistant Commissioner for Patents
`
`Washington, D.C. 20231
`
`Dear Sir:
`
`Please enter the following amendments. Note that the amendments to the specification provided
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`herein, with the exception of the new title, ~re an exact duplicate of the specification amendments entered
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`and allowed by the Examiner in the U.S. patent application (Serial No. 09/194,367 filed November 24,
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`1998) of which the present application is a continuation.
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`IN THE TITLE:
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`Please replace the title with the following new title:
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`"WIRELESS LOCATION USING HYBRID TECHNIQUES"
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`IN THE SPECIFICATION:
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 8, line 3 with the following paragraph:
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`Loss due to slow fading includes shadowing due to clutter blockage (sometimes included in Lp).
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`Fast fading is composed of multipath reflections which cause: 1) delay spread; 2) random phase shift or
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`Rayleigh fading; and 3) random frequency modulation due to different Doppler shifts on different paths.
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`l
`~-
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`Document: "First Preliminary
`~ndment"
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 10, line 3 through page 10, line 20 with the
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`following paragraphs:
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`It is an objective of the present invention to provide a system and method for to wireless
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`telecommunication systems for accurately locating people and/or objects in a cost effective manner.
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`Additionally, it is an objective of the present invention to provide such location capabilities using the
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`measurements from wireless signals communicated between mobile stations and a network of base
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`stations, wherein the same communication standard or protocol is utilized for location as is used by the
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`network of base stations for providing wireless communications with mobile stations for other purposes
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`such as voice communication and/or visual communication (such as text paging, graphical or video
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`communications). Related objectives for various embodiments of the present invention include providing
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`a system and method that:
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`( 1.1)
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`can be readily incorporated into existing commercial wireless telephony systems with few, if any,
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`modifications of a typical telephony wireless infrastructure;
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`( 1.2}
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`can use the native electronics of typical commercially available, or likely to be available,·
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`telephony wireless mobile stations (e.g., handsets) as location devices;
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`( 1.3)
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`can be used for effectively locating people and/or objects wherein there are few (if any) line-of-
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`sight wireless receivers for receiving location signals from a mobile station (herein also denoted MS);
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`(1.4)
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`can be used not only for decreasing location determining difficulties due to multipath phenomena
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`but in fact uses such multipath for providing more accurate location estimates;
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`( 1.5)
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`can be used for integrating a wide variety of location techniques in a straight-forward manner;
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`( 1.6)
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`can substantially automatically adapt and/or (re)train and/or (re )calibrate itself according to
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`changes in the environment and/or terrain of a geographical area where the present invention is utilized;
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`( 1. 7)
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`can utilize a plurality of wireless location estimators based on different wireless location
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`technologies (e.g., GPS location techniques, terrestrial base station signal timing techniques for
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`triangulation and/or trilateration, wireless signal angle of arrival location techniques, techniques for
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`determining a wireless location within a building, techniques for determining a mobile station location
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`using wireless location data collected from the wireless coverage area for, e.g., location techniques using
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`base station signal coverage areas, signal pattern matching location techniques and/or stochastic
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`techniques), wherein each such estimator may be activated independently of one another, whenever
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`suitable data is provided thereto and/or certain conditions, e.g., specific to the estimator are met;
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`(1.8)
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`can provide a common interface module from which a plurality of the location estimators can be
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`activated and/or provided with input;
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`jl tl""ll ":11 · . .e :::ii ;ii 11 jL -"•
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`.. ,11,;1 ,c; u;;:n JJ:::. '"'if'_
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`Express Mail label No.: El82,,..7US
`Document: "First Preliminary II
`amen/"
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`(1.9)
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`provides resulting mobile station location estimates to location requesting applications (e.g., for
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`911 emergency, the fire or police departments, taxi services, vehicle location, etc.) via an output gateway,
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`wherein this gateway:
`
`(a)
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`routes the mobile station location estimates to the appropriate location application(s) via
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`a communications network such as a wireless network, a public switched telephone
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`network, a short messaging service (SMS), and the Internet,
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`(b)
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`determines the location granularity and representation desired by each location application
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`requesting a location of a mobile station, and/or
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`( c)
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`enhances the received location estimates by, e.g., performing additional processing
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`such as "snap to street" functions for mobile stations known to reside in a vehicle.
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 11, line 15 with the following paragraph:
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`(3.3) The term, "infrastructure", denotes the network of telephony communi.cation services, and more
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`particularly, that portion of such a network that receives and processes wireless communications with
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`wireless mobile stations. In particular, this infrastructure includes telephony wireless base stations (BS)
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`such as those for radio mobile communication systems based on CDMA, AMPS, NAMPS, TDMA, and
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`GSM wherein the base stations provide a network of cooperative communication channels with an air
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`interface with the MS, and a conventional telecommunications interface with a Mobile Switch Center
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`(MSC). Thus, an MS user within an area serviced by the base stations may be provided with wireless
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`communication throughout the area by user transparent communication transfers (i.e., "handoffs")
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`between the user's MS and these base stations in order to maintain effective telephony service. The
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`mobile switch center (MSC) provides communications and control connectivity among base stations and
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`the public telephone network 124.
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 12, line 6 with the following paragraphs:
`-----------·----·--''------------------
`The present invention relates to a wireless mobile station location system, and in particular,
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`various subsystems related thereto such as a wireless location gateway, and the combining or hybriding of
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`a plurality of wireless location techniques.
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`Regarding a wireless location gateway, this term refers to a communications network node
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`whereat a plurality of location requests are received for locating various mobile stations from various
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`sources (e.g., for E9l1 requests, for stolen vehicle location, for tracking of vehicles traveling cross
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`country, etc.), and for each such request and the corresponding mobile station to be located, this node: (a)
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`activates one or more wireless location estimators for locating the mobile station, (b) receives one or more
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`location estimates of the mobile station from the location estimators, and (c) transmits a resulting location
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`estimate(s) to, e.g., an application which made the request. Moreover, such a gateway typically will likely
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`activate location estimators according to the particulars of each individual wireless location request, e.g.,
`
`the availability of input data needed by particular location estimators. Additionally, such a gateway will
`
`typically have sufficiently well defined uniform interfaces so that such location estimators can be added
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`\
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`and/or deleted to, e.g., provide different location estimators for performing wireless location different
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`coverage areas.
`
`The present invention encompasses such wireless location gateways. Thus, for locating an
`
`identified mobile station, the location gateway embodiments of the present invention may activate one or
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`more of a plurality of location estimators depending on, e.g., (a) the availability of particular types of
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`wireless location data for locating the mobile station, and (b) the location estimators accessable by the
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`location gateway. Moreover, a plurality of location estimators may be activated for locating the mobile
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`station in a single location, or different ones of such location estimators may be activated to locate the
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`mobile station at different locations. Moreover, the location gateway of the present invention may have
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`incorporated therein one or more of the location estimators, and/or may access geographically distributed
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`location estimators via requests through a communications network such as the Internet.
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`In particular, the location gateway of the present invention .may access, in various instances of
`
`locating mobile stations, various location.estimators that utilize one or more of the following wireless
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`location techniques:
`
`(a)
`
`(b)
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`A GPS location technique such as, e.g., one of the GPS location techniques as
`
`described in the Background section hereinabove;
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`A technique for computing a mobile station location that is dependent upon
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`geographical offsets of the mobile station from one or more terrestrial
`
`transceivers (e.g., base stations of a commercial radio service provider). Such
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`offsets may be determined from signal time defays between such transceivers and
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`the mobile station, such as by time of arrival (TOA) and/or time difference of
`
`arrival (TDOA) techniques as is discussed further hereinbelow. Moreover, such
`
`offsets may be determined using both the forward and reverse wireless signal
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`timing measurements of transmissions between the mobile station and such
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`terrestrial transceivers. Additionally, such offsets may be directional offsets,
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`wherein a direction is determined from such a transceiver to the mobile station;
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`( c)
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`Various wireless signal pattern matching, associative, and/or stochastic
`
`techniques for performing comparisons and/or using a learned association
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`between:
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`(i)
`
`characteristics of wireless signals communicated between a mobile
`
`station to be located and a network of wireless transceivers (e.g., base
`
`stations), and
`
`(ii)
`
`previously obtained sets of characteristics of wireless signals (from each
`
`of a plurality of locations), wherein each set was communicated, e.g.,
`
`between a network of transceivers (e.g., the fixed location base stations
`
`of a commercial radio service provider), and, some one of the mobile
`
`stations available for communicating with the network;
`
`Indoor location techniques using a distributed antenna system;
`
`Techniques for locating a mobile station, wherein, e.g., wireless coverage areas
`
`of individual fixed location transceivers (e.g., fixed location base stations) are
`
`utilized for determining the mobile station's location (e.g., intersecting such
`
`coverage areas for determining a location);
`
`Location techniques that use communications from low power, low functionality
`
`base stations (denoted "location base stations"); and
`
`Any other location techniques that may be deemed worthwhile to incorporate into
`
`an embodiment of the present invention.
`
`(d)
`
`(e)
`
`(f)
`
`(g)
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`Accordingly, some embodiments of the present invention may be viewed as platforms for
`
`integrating wireless location techniques in that wireless location computational models (denoted "first
`
`order models" or "FOMs" hereinbelow) may be added and/or deleted from such embodiments of the
`
`invention without changing the interface to further downstream processes. That is, one aspect of the
`
`invention is the specification of a common data interface between such computational models and
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`subsequent location processing such as processes for combining of location estimates, tracking mobile
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`stations, and/or outputting location estimates to location requesting applications.
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`Moreover, it should be noted that the present invention also encompasses various hybrid
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`approaches to wireless location, wherein various combinations of two or more of the location techniques
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`(a) through (g) immediately above may be used in locating a mobile station at substantially a single
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`location. Thus, location information may be obtained from a plurality of the above location techniques
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`for locating a mobile station, and the output from such techniques can be synergistically used for deriving
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`therefrom an enhanced location estimate of the mobile station.
`
`It is a further aspect of the present invention that it may be used to wirelessly locate a mobile
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`station: (a) from which a 911 emergency call is performed, (b) for tracking a mobile station (e.g., a truck
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`traveling across country), (c) for routing a mobile station, and (d) locating people and/or animals,
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`including applications for confinement to (and/or exclusion from) certain areas.
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`dment"
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`It is a further aspect of the present invention that it may be decomposed into: (i) a first low level
`
`wireless signal processing subsystem for receiving, organizing and conditioning low level wireless signal
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`measurements from a network of base stations cooperatively linked for providing wireless
`
`communications with mobile stations (MSs); and (ii) a second high level signal processing subsystem for
`
`performing high level data processing for providing most likelihood location estimates for mobile
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`stations.
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 12, line 11 with the following paragraph:
`
`Thus, the present invention may be considered as a novel signal processor that includes at least
`
`the functionality for the high signal processing subsystem mentioned hereinabove. Accordingly,
`
`assuming an appropriate ensemble of wireless signal measurements characterizing the wireless signal
`
`communications between a particular MS and a networked wireless base station infrastructure have been
`
`received and appropriately filtered of noise and transitory values (such as by an embodiment of the low
`
`level signal processing subsystem disclosed in a copending PCT patent application PCT/US97/15933
`
`titled, "Wireless Location Using A Plurality of Commercial Network Infrastmctures," by F. W. LeBlanc et
`
`al., filed September 8, 1997 from which U.S. Patent 6,236,365, filed July 8, 1999 is the U.S. national
`
`counterpart; these two references being herein fully incorporated by reference), the present invention uses
`
`the output from such a low level signal processing system for determining a most likely location estimate
`
`of an MS.
`--------·-"'·----------~---M - ~~-·-----..... ••·---------.-.. ·---·-·-------~-•·'-'-"--....------__..,,-,.-.-- -· ~~-H•~<• -.. ·--~-~--..... ___ ~_ .. _,,_. -···-· ,_
`
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 12, line 19 (and ending on this same line 19) with
`
`the following paragraph:
`
`That is, once the following steps are appropriately performed (e.g., by the LeBlanc U.S. Patent
`
`6,236,365):
`---------·-----------~ .. -----------·----------· --.. ---··---·---------.. •·
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 12, line 28 has been replaced with the following
`
`paragraph:
`
`(4.3)
`
`providing the composite signal characteristic values to one or more MS location hypothesizing
`
`computational models (also denoted herein as "first order models" and also "location estimating
`
`models"), wherein each such model subsequently determines one or more initial estimates of the location
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`of the target MS based on, for example, the signal processing techniques 2.1 through 2.3 above.
`
`Moreover, each of the models output MS location estimates having substantially identical data structures
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1031 Page 6
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`i1-111n '""" a·J ;I"'! ~1
`UJ ~ ~ ~I i[,. . . fJJJ 4t=,
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`Express Mail label No.: El82·· 7US
`Document: "First Preliminary
`dment"
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`(each such data structure denoted a "location hypothesis"). Additionally, each location hypothesis may
`
`also include a confidence value indicating the likelihood or probability that the target MS whose location
`
`is desired resides in a corresponding location estimate for the target MS;
`
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 13, line 14 with the following paragraph:
`
`Referring now to ( 4.3) above, the filtered and aggregated wireless signal characteristic values are
`
`provided to a ~umber of location hypothesizing models (denoted First Order Models, or FOMs), each of
`
`which yields a location estimate or location hypothesis related to the location of the target MS. In
`
`particular, there are location hypotheses for both providing estimates of where the target MS is likely to
`
`be and where the target MS is not likely to be. Moreover, it is an aspect of the present invention that
`
`confidence values of the location hypotheses are provided as a continuous range of real numbers from,
`
`e.g., - I to 1, wherein the most unlikely areas for locating the target MS are given a confidence value of -1,
`
`and the most likely areas for locating the target MS are given a confidence value of 1. That is, confidence
`
`values that are larger indicate a higher likelihood that the target MS is in the corresponding MS estimated
`
`area, wherein -1 indicates that the target MS is absolutely NOT in the estimated area, 0 indicates a
`
`substantially neutral or unknown likelihood of the target MS being in the corresponding estimated area,
`
`and 1 indicates that the target MS is absolutely within the corTe~;ponctmg estimated area.
`
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 15, line 22 with the following paragraph:
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`It is a further aspect of the present invention that the personal communication system (PCS)
`
`infrastructures currently being developed by telecommunication providers offer an appropriate localized
`
`infrastructure base upon which to build various personal location systems (PLS) employing the present
`
`invention and/or utilizing the techniques disclosed herein. In particular, the present invention is
`
`especially suitable for the location of people and/or objects using code division multiple access (CDMA)
`
`wireless infrastructures, although other wireless infrastructures, such as, time division multiple access
`
`(TDMA) infrastructures and GSM are al~o contemplated. Note that CDMA personal communications
`
`systems are described in the Telephone Industries Association standard IS-95, for frequencies below I
`
`GHz, and in the Wideband Spread- Spectrum Digital Cellular System Dual-Mode Mobile Station-Base
`
`Station Compatibility Standard, for frequencies in the 1.8-1.9 GHz frequency bands, both of which are
`
`incorporated herein by reference. Furthermore, CDMA general principles have also been described, for
`
`example, in U.S. Patent 5,109,390, to Gilhausen, et al, filed November 7, 1989, and CDMA Network.
`
`Engineering Handbook by Qualcomm, Inc., each of which is also incorporated herein by reference.
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`1. tl=JI ':::::ll n:::.. -·J~ :fi n -u -~·
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`.1r~. llo.tt iJ;'_,
`
`• . • .
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`Express Mail label No.: El82... 7US
`Document: "First Preliminary
`dment"
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`The paragraph beginning on page 16, line 6 has been replaced with the following paragraph:
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`As mentioned in the discussion of classification FOMs above, the present invention can
`
`substantially automatically retrain and/or recalibrate itself to compensate for variations in wireless signal
`
`characteristics (e.g., multipath) due to environmental and/or topographic changes to a geographic area
`
`serviced by the present invention. For example, in one embodiment, the present invention optionally
`
`includes low cost, low power base stations, denoted location base stations (LBS) above, providing, for
`
`example, CDMA pilot channels to a very limited area about each such LBS. The location base stations
`
`may provide limited voice traffic capabilities, but each is capable of gathering sufficient wireless signal
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`characteristics from an MS within the location base station's range to facilitate locating the MS. Thus, by
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`positioning the location base stations at known locations in a geographic region such as, for instance, on
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`street lamp poles and road signs, additional MS location accuracy can be obtained. That is, due to the low
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`power signal output by such location base stations, for there to be signaling control communication (e.g.,
`
`pilot signaling and other control signals) between a location base station and a target MS, the MS must be
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`relatively near the
`
`location base station. Additionally, for each
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`location base station not
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`in
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`communication with the target MS, it is likely that the MS is not near to this location base station. Thus,
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`by utilizing information received from both location base stations in communication with the target MS
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`and those that are not in communication with the target MS, the present invention can substantially
`
`narrow the possible geographic areas within which the target MS is likely to be. Further, by providing
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`each location base station (LBS) with a co-located stationary wireless transceiver (denoted a built-in MS
`
`above) having similar functionality to an MS, the following advantages are provided:
`
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 17, line 12 with the following paragraph:
`
`It is also an aspect of the present invention to automatically (re)calibrate as in (6.3) above with
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`~ignal characteristics from other known or verified locations. In one embodiment of the present invention,
`
`portable location verifying electronics are provided so that when such electronics are sufficiently near a
`
`located target MS, the electronics: (i) detect the proximity of the target MS; (ii) determine a highly
`
`reliable measurement of the location of the target MS; (iii) provide this measurement to other location
`
`determining components of the present invention so that the location measurement can be associated and
`
`archived with related signal characteristic data received from the target MS at the location where the
`
`location measurement is performed. Thus, the use of such portable location verifying electronics allows
`
`the present invention to capture and utilize signal characteristic data from verified, substantially random
`
`locations for location system calibration as in (6.3) above. Moreover, it is important to note that such
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`location verifying electronics can verify locations automatically wherein it is unnecessary for manual
`
`activation of a location verifying process.
`
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 18, line 6 with the following paragraph:
`
`Furthermore, a mobile location base station includes modules for integrating or reconciling
`
`distinct mobile location base station location estimates that, for example, can be obtained using the
`
`components and devices of (7 .1) through (7.4) above. That is, location estimates for the mobile location
`
`base station may be obtained from: GPS satellite data, mobile location base station data provided by the
`
`location processing center, deadreckoning data obtained from the mobile location base station vehicle
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`dead reckoning devices, and location data manually input by an operator of the mobile location base
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`station.
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 18, line 11 with the following paragraph:
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`The location estimating system of the present invention offers many advantages over existing
`
`location systems. The system of the present invention, for example, is readily adaptable to existing
`
`wireless communication systems and can accurately locate people and/or objects in a cost effective
`
`manner. In particular, the present invention requires few, if any, modifications to commercial wireless
`
`communication systems for implementation. Thus, existing personal communication system
`
`infrastructure base stations and other components of, for example, commercial CDMA infrastructures are
`
`readily adapted to the present invention. The present invention can be used to locate people and/or
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`objects that are not in the line-of-sight of a wireless receiver or transmitter, can reduce the detrimental
`
`effects of multipath on the accuracy of the location estimate, can potentially locate people and/or objects
`
`located indoors as well as outdoors, and uses a number of wireless stationary transceivers for location.
`
`The present invention employs a number of distinctly different location computational models for
`
`location which provides a greater degree of accuracy, robustness and versatility than is possible with
`
`existing systems. For instance, the location models provided include not only the radius-radius/TOA and
`
`TDOA techniques but also adaptive artificial neural net techniques. Further, the present invention is able
`
`to adapt to the topography of an area in which location service is desired. The present invention is also
`
`able to adapt to environmental changes substantially as frequently as desired. Thus, the present inven.tion
`
`is able to take into account changes in the location topography over time without extensive manual data
`
`manipulation. Moreover, the present invention can be utilized with varying amounts of signal
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`measurement inputs. Thus, if a location estimate is desired in a very short time interval (e.g., less than
`
`approximately one to two seconds), then the present location estimating system can be used with only as
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`much signal measurement data as is possible to acquire during an initial portion of this time interval.
`
`Subsequently, after a greater amount of signal measurement data has been acquired, additional more
`
`accurate location estimates may be obtained. Note that this capability can be useful in the context of 911
`
`emergency response in that a first quick coarse wireless mobile station location estimate can be used to
`
`route a 911 call from the mobile station to a 911 emergency response center that has responsibility for the
`
`area containing the mobile station and the 911 caller. Subsequently, once the 911 call has been routed
`
`according to this first quick location estimate, by continuing to receive additional wireless signal
`
`measurements, more reliable and accurate location estimates of the mobile station can be obtained.
`
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 19, line 5 through page 19, line 19 with the
`
`following paragraph:
`
`At a more general level, it is an aspect of the present invention to demonstrate the utilization of
`
`various novel computational paradigms such as:
`
`(8.1) providing a multiple hypothesis computational architecture (as illustrated best in Figs. 8) wherein
`
`the hypotheses are:
`
`(8.1.1) generated by modular independent hypothesizing computational models;
`
`(8.1.2) the models are embedded in the computational architecture in a manner wherein the
`
`architecture allows for substantial amounts of application specific processing common or generic to a
`
`plurality of the models to be straightforwardly incorporated into the computational architecture;
`
`(8.1.3) the computational architecture enhances the hypotheses generated by the models both
`
`according to past performance of the models and according to application specific constraints and
`
`heuristics without requiring feedback loops for adjusting the models;
`
`(8.1.4) the models are relatively easily integrated into, modified and extracted from the
`
`computational architecture;
`
`(8.2)
`
`providing a computational paradigm for enhancing an initial estimated solution to a problem by
`
`using this initial estimated solution as, effectively, a query or index into an historical data base of
`
`previous solution estimates and corresponding actual solutions for deriving an enhanced solution estimate
`
`based on past performance of the module that generated the initial estimated solution.
`
`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 20, line 19 with the following paragraph:
`
`In other embodiments of the present invention, a fast, albeit less accurate location estimate may
`
`\\b
`be initially performed for very time critical location applications where approximate location information
`~ may be required. For example, less than l second response for a mobile station location embodiment of
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`Document: "First Preliminary ~ment"
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`the present invention may be desired for 911 emergency response location requests. Subsequently, once a
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`relatively coarse location estimate has been provided, a more accurate most likely location estimate can
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`be performed by repeating the location estimation processing a second time with, e.g., additional with
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`measurements of wireless signals transmitted between a mobile station to be located and a network of
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`base sta#ons with which the mobile station is communicating, thus providing a second, more accurate
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`location estimate of the mobile station.
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 21, line 1 with the following paragraph:
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`Note that in some embodiments of the present invention, since there is a lack of sequencing
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`between the FOMs and subsequent processing of location hypotheses, the FOMs can be incorporated into
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`an expert system, if desired. For example; each FOM rriay be activated from an antecedent of an expert
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`system rule. Thus, the antecedent for such a rule can evaluate to TRUE if the FOM outputs a location
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`hypothesis, and the consequent portion of such a rule may put the output location hypothesis on a list of
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`location hypotheses occurring in a particular time window for subsequent processing by the location
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`center. Alternatively, activation of the FOMs may be in the consequents of such expert system rules.
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`That is, the antecedent of such an expert system rule may determine if the conditions are appropriate for
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`invoking the FOM(s) in the rule's consequent.
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 21, line 8 with the following two paragraphs. Note
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`that the only difference here is the commencement of a new paragraph at -Further features and
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`advantages--.
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`Of course, other software architectures may also to used in implementing the processing of the
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`location center without departing from scope of the present invention_. In particular, object-oriented
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`architectures are also within the scope of the present invention. For example, the FOMs may be object
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`methods on an MS location estimator object, wherein the estimator object receives substantially all target
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`MS location signal data output by the signal filtering subsystem. Alternatively, software bus architectures
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`are contemplated by the present invention, as one skilled in the art will understand, wherein the software
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`architecture may be modular and facilitate parallel processing.
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`Further features and advantages of the present invention are provided by the figures and detailed
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`description accompanying this invention summary.
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`11 of 183
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`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1031 Page 11
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`Express Mail Label No.: EL82~7US
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`Document: "First Preliminar/1!!fl!tment"
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 22, line 5 with the following paragraph:
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`0.' DI
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`Fig. 3 provides a typical example of how the statistical power budget is calculated in design of a
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`Commercial Mobile Radio Service Provider (CMRS) network.
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`Please replace the paragraph beginning on page 22, line 14 with the following paragraph:
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`Figs. 9And 9B is a high level data structure diagram describing t