111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 II DI IIi
`
`US007298327B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Dupray et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.: (cid:9)
`(45) Date of Patent: (cid:9)
`
`US 7,298,327 B2
`Nov. 20, 2007
`
`(54) GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION USING
`MULTIPLE LOCATION ESTIMATORS
`
`(75) Inventors: Dennis J. Dupray, Golden, CO (US);
`Charles L. Karr, Tuscaloosa, AL (US)
`(73) Assignee: TracBeam LLC, Golden, CO (US)
`(*) Notice: (cid:9)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`(21) Appl. No.: 10/262,413
`Sep. 30, 2002
`(22) Filed: (cid:9)
`Prior Publication Data
`(65) (cid:9)
`
`Dec. 4, 2003
`US 2003/0222820 Al (cid:9)
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(63) Continuation of application No. 09/194,367, filed as
`application No. PCT/U597/15892 on Sep. 8, 1997.
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/056,590, filed onAug.
`20, 1997, provisional application No. 60/044,821,
`filed on Apr. 25, 1997, provisional application No.
`60/025,855, filed on Sep. 9, 1996.
`(51) Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`G01S 3/02 (cid:9)
`(52) U.S. Cl ........................................ 342/451; 342/457
`(58) Field of Classification Search ................ 342/450,
`342/451, 453, 457, 463; 455/456.1, 456.2,
`455/456.6
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56) (cid:9)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`3,646,580 A (cid:9)
`2/1972 Fuller et al . .................. 325/53
`(Continued)
`
`EP (cid:9)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`0 177 203 A2 (cid:9)
`9/1985
`(Continued)
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Before the Federal Communications Commission, in the Matter of
`Revision of the Commission's Rules to Ensure Compatibility with
`
`Enhanced 911 Emergency Calling Systems; "Comments of Harris
`Government Communication Systems Division A Division of Har-
`ris Corporation", filed Sep. 25, 1996.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner Dao Phan
`
`(57) (cid:9)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A location system is disclosed for commercial wireless
`telecommunication infrastructures. The system is an end-to-
`end solution having one or more location centers for out-
`putting requested locations of commercially available hand-
`sets or mobile stations (MS) based on, e.g., CDMA, AMPS,
`NAMPS or TDMA communication standards, for process-
`ing both local MS location requests and more global MS
`location requests via, e.g., Internet communication between
`a distributed network of location centers. The system uses a
`plurality of MS locating technologies including those based
`on: (1) two-way TOA and TDOA; (2) pattern recognition;
`(3) distributed antenna provisioning; and (4) supplemental
`information from various types of very low cost non-
`infrastructure base stations for communicating via a typical
`commercial wireless base station infrastructure or a public
`telephone switching network. Accordingly, the traditional
`MS location difficulties, such as multipath, poor location
`accuracy and poor coverage are alleviated via such tech-
`nologies in combination with strategies for: (a) automati-
`cally adapting and calibrating system performance accord-
`ing to environmental and geographical changes; (b)
`automatically capturing location signal data for continual
`enhancement of a self-maintaining historical data base
`retaining predictive location signal data; (c) evaluating MS
`locations according to both heuristics and constraints related
`to, e.g., terrain, MS velocity and MS path extrapolation from
`tracking and (d) adjusting likely MS locations adaptively
`and statistically so that the system becomes progressively
`more comprehensive and accurate. Further, the system can
`be modularly configured for use in location signaling envi-
`ronments ranging from urban, dense urban, suburban, rural,
`mountain to low traffic or isolated roadways. Accordingly,
`the system is useful for 911 emergency calls, tracking,
`routing, people and animal location including applications
`for confinement to and exclusion from certain areas.
`
`80 Claims, 62 Drawing Sheets
`
`1TION CENTER 142
`_OCATION ENGINE 189
`
`123
`
`LOCATION (cid:9)
`INFORMATION
`DA A ES
`
`HYPOTH" ENGINE 1382
`FIRST
`ODEL&
`
`HESIS EVALUATOR 1
`iT LIKELY" LOCATION
`HESIS DETERMINATION)
`OUTPUT GATEWAY
`FOR DESK:NATED
`LOCATION
`APPLICATIONS
`
`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1001 Page 1
`
`

`
`US 7,298,327 B2
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`
`Apple, Inc. Exhibit 1001 Page 2
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`

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`US 7,298,327 B2
`Page 3
`
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