`Date: August 7, 2015
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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`COALITION FOR AFFORDABLE DRUGS VII LLC,
`Petitioner,
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`v.
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`POZEN INC.,
`Patent Owner.
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I.
`
`Introduction .................................................................................................... 1
`
`II. Mandatory Notices Per 37 C.F.R. § 42.8 ..................................................... 1
`
`A.
`
`B.
`
`C.
`
`Real Party-In-Interest ............................................................................ 1
`
`Notice of Related Matters ..................................................................... 2
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`Lead and Back-Up Counsel and Service Information .......................... 3
`
`III. Payment of Fees ............................................................................................. 4
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`IV. Requirements Per 37 C.F.R. § 42.104 .......................................................... 4
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`A. Grounds for Standing ............................................................................ 4
`
`B.
`
`C.
`
`D.
`
`Identification of Challenge and Precise Relief Requested .................... 4
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`Evidence Relied Upon to Support the Challenge .................................. 5
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`The Grounds Are Not Redundant or Duplicative ................................. 5
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`V.
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`Background .................................................................................................... 6
`
`A.
`
`B.
`
`C.
`
`State of the Art ...................................................................................... 6
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`Prosecution History of the ’636 Patent ................................................. 8
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`Person of Ordinary Skill in the Art (POSA) ......................................... 9
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`VI. Claim Construction ....................................................................................... 9
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`A.
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`B.
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`“Unit Dose Form” and “Unit Dosage Form” ........................................ 9
`
`All Remaining Terms .......................................................................... 10
`
`VII. Ground 1: Goldman in view of Remington in further view of
`Lindberg Renders Obvious Claims 1-18 ................................................... 10
`
`A. A POSA Would Have Combined Goldman, Remington, and
`Lindberg .............................................................................................. 10
`
`i
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`Patent 8,852,636
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`B.
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`Claim 1: ............................................................................................... 12
`
`1.
`
`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`A pharmaceutical composition in unit dose form suitable
`for oral administration to a patient, comprising: ...................... 13
`
`(a) esomeprazole present in an amount effective to raise
`the gastric pH of said patient to at least 3.5 upon the
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms; ........ 13
`
`(b) naproxen present in an amount effective to reduce or
`eliminate pain or inflammation in said patient upon
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms;
`and wherein: .............................................................................. 14
`
`i) said unit dosage form is a tablet in which said naproxen
`is present in a core;.................................................................... 14
`
`ii) said tablet comprises a coating, wherein said coating
`surrounds said core and does not release said naproxen
`until the pH of the surrounding medium is 3.5 or higher;
`and ............................................................................................. 15
`
`iii) said esomeprazole is in one or more layers outside
`said core, wherein said one or more layers: .............................. 16
`
`A) do not include an naproxen; ................................................. 16
`
`B) are not surrounded by an enteric coating; and ..................... 17
`
`C) upon ingestion of said tablet by a patient, release said
`esomeprazole into said patient’s stomach. ................................ 17
`
`C.
`
`D.
`
`E.
`
`Claim 2: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein
`there is a single core comprising said naproxen. ................................ 18
`
`Claim 3: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein
`said esomeprazole is present in said unit dosage form in an
`amount of between 5 mg and 100 mg. ................................................ 18
`
`Claim 4: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein
`naproxen is present in said unit dosage form in an amount of
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`ii
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`Patent 8,852,636
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`200-600 mg. ......................................................................................... 19
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`F.
`
`G.
`
`Claim 5: A method of treating a patient for pain or
`inflammation, comprising administering to said patient a
`therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical
`composition of claim 1. ....................................................................... 20
`
`Claim 6: The method of claim 5, wherein said pain or
`inflammation is due to either osteoarthritis or rheumatoid
`arthritis. ................................................................................................ 20
`
`H.
`
`Claim 7: ............................................................................................... 21
`
`1.
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`2.
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`3.
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`4.
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`5.
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`6.
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`7.
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`8.
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`9.
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`A pharmaceutical composition in unit dose form suitable
`for oral administration to a patient, comprising: ...................... 21
`
`(a) esomeprazole present in an amount effective to raise
`the gastric pH of said patient to at least 3.5 upon the
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms; ........ 21
`
`(b) naproxen present in an amount effective to reduce or
`eliminate pain or inflammation in said patient upon
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms;
`and wherein: .............................................................................. 22
`
`i) said unit dosage form is a capsule in which said
`naproxen is present in a core; .................................................... 23
`
`ii) said capsule comprises a coating, wherein said coating
`surrounds said core containing said naproxen and does
`not release said naproxen until the pH of the surrounding
`medium is 3.5 or higher; and .................................................... 24
`
`iii) said esomeprazole is in one or more layers outside
`said core, wherein said one or more layers: .............................. 25
`
`A) do not include an naproxen; ................................................. 26
`
`B) are not surrounded by an enteric coating; and ..................... 26
`
`C) upon ingestion of said capsule by a patient, release
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`iii
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`I.
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`J.
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`K.
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`L.
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`said esomeprazole into said patient’s stomach. ........................ 27
`
`Claim 8: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, wherein
`there are multiple particles of said naproxen each constituting a
`core surrounded by said coating that does not release said
`naproxen until the pH of the surrounding medium is 3.5 or
`higher. .................................................................................................. 27
`
`Claim 9: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein
`said esomeprazole is present in said unit dosage form in an
`amount of between 5 mg and 100 mg. ................................................ 29
`
`Claim 10: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein
`naproxen is present in said unit dosage form in an amount of
`200-600 mg. ......................................................................................... 30
`
`Claim 11: A method of treating a patient for pain or
`inflammation, comprising administering to said patient a
`therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical
`composition of claim 7. ....................................................................... 30
`
`M. Claim 12: The method of claim 11, wherein said pain or
`inflammation is due to either osteoarthritis or rheumatoid
`arthritis. ................................................................................................ 31
`
`N.
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`O.
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`P.
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`Q.
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`Claim 13: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further
`comprising at least one carrier. ........................................................... 31
`
`Claim 14: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further
`comprising at least one auxiliary agent chosen from the group
`consisting of lubricants, preservatives, disintegrants, stabilizers,
`wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts, buffers, coloring agents,
`flavoring agents, and aromatic substances. ......................................... 32
`
`Claim 15: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further
`comprising at least one ingredient to adjust pH. ................................. 32
`
`Claim 16: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further
`comprising at least one carrier. ........................................................... 33
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`iv
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`R.
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`Claim 17: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further
`comprising at least one auxiliary agent chosen from the group
`consisting of lubricants, preservatives, disintegrants, stabilizers,
`wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts, buffers, coloring agents,
`flavoring agents, and aromatic substances. ......................................... 33
`
`S.
`
`Claim 18: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further
`comprising at least one ingredient to adjust pH. ................................. 34
`
`VIII. Ground 2: Gimet in view of Goldman and Lindberg Renders
`Obvious Claims 1-6 and 13-15 .................................................................... 34
`
`A. A POSA Would Have Combined Gimet, Goldman, and
`Lindberg .............................................................................................. 34
`
`B.
`
`Claim 1: ............................................................................................... 37
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`4.
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`5.
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`A pharmaceutical composition in unit dose form suitable
`for oral administration to a patient, comprising: ...................... 37
`
`(a) esomeprazole present in an amount effective to raise
`the gastric pH of said patient to at least 3.5 upon the
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms; ........ 37
`
`(b) naproxen present in an amount effective to reduce or
`eliminate pain or inflammation in said patient upon
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms;
`and wherein: .............................................................................. 38
`
`i) said unit dosage form is a tablet in which said naproxen
`is present in a core;.................................................................... 40
`
`ii) said tablet comprises a coating, wherein said coating
`surrounds said core and does not release said naproxen
`until the pH of the surrounding medium is 3.5 or higher;
`and ............................................................................................. 40
`
`iii) said esomeprazole is in one or more layers outside
`said core, wherein said one or more layers: .............................. 41
`
`A) do not include an naproxen; ................................................. 41
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`v
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`C.
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`D.
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`E.
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`F.
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`G.
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`H.
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`I.
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`8.
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`9.
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`B) are not surrounded by an enteric coating; and ..................... 42
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`C) upon ingestion of said tablet by a patient, release said
`esomeprazole into said patient’s stomach. ................................ 42
`
`Claim 2: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein
`there is a single core comprising said naproxen. ................................ 43
`
`Claim 3: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein
`said esomeprazole is present in said unit dosage form in an
`amount of between 5 mg and 100 mg. ................................................ 43
`
`Claim 4: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, wherein
`naproxen is present in said unit dosage form in an amount of
`200-600 mg. ......................................................................................... 44
`
`Claim 5: A method of treating a patient for pain or
`inflammation, comprising administering to said patient a
`therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical
`composition of claim 1. ....................................................................... 45
`
`Claim 6: The method of claim 5, wherein said pain or
`inflammation is due to either osteoarthritis or rheumatoid
`arthritis. ................................................................................................ 45
`
`Claim 13: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further
`comprising at least one carrier. ........................................................... 46
`
`Claim 14: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further
`comprising at least one auxiliary agent chosen from the group
`consisting of lubricants, preservatives, disintegrants, stabilizers,
`wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts, buffers, coloring agents,
`flavoring agents, and aromatic substances. ......................................... 46
`
`J.
`
`Claim 15: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further
`comprising at least one ingredient to adjust pH. ................................. 47
`
`IX. Ground 3: Ouali in view of Lindberg Renders Obvious Claims 7-
`12 and 16-18 .................................................................................................. 47
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`A. A POSA Would Have Combined Ouali and Lindberg ....................... 47
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`A.
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`Claim 7: ............................................................................................... 49
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`5.
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`A pharmaceutical composition in unit dose form suitable
`for oral administration to a patient, comprising: ...................... 49
`
`(a) esomeprazole present in an amount effective to raise
`the gastric pH of said patient to at least 3.5 upon the
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms; ........ 49
`
`(b) naproxen present in an amount effective to reduce or
`eliminate pain or inflammation in said patient upon
`administration of one or more of said unit dosage forms;
`and wherein: .............................................................................. 51
`
`i) said unit dosage form is a capsule in which said
`naproxen is present in a core; .................................................... 51
`
`ii) said capsule comprises a coating, wherein said coating
`surrounds said core containing said naproxen and does
`not release said naproxen until the pH of the surrounding
`medium is 3.5 or higher; and .................................................... 52
`
`iii) said esomeprazole is in one or more layers outside
`said core, wherein said one or more layers: .............................. 53
`
`A) do not include an naproxen; ................................................. 54
`
`B) are not surrounded by an enteric coating; and ..................... 54
`
`C) upon ingestion of said capsule by a patient, release
`said esomeprazole into said patient’s stomach. ........................ 55
`
`B.
`
`C.
`
`Claim 8: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, wherein
`there are multiple particles of said naproxen each constituting a
`core surrounded by said coating that does not release said
`naproxen until the pH of the surrounding medium is 3.5 or
`higher. .................................................................................................. 56
`
`Claim 9: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein
`said esomeprazole is present in said unit dosage form in an
`amount of between 5 mg and 100 mg. ................................................ 57
`
`vii
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`Patent 8,852,636
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`D.
`
`E.
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`F.
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`G.
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`H.
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`Claim 10: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein
`naproxen is present in said unit dosage form in an amount of
`200-600 mg. ......................................................................................... 58
`
`Claim 11: A method of treating a patient for pain or
`inflammation, comprising administering to said patient a
`therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical
`composition of claim 7. ....................................................................... 58
`
`Claim 12: The method of claim 11, wherein said pain or
`inflammation is due to either osteoarthritis or rheumatoid
`arthritis. ................................................................................................ 59
`
`Claim 16: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further
`comprising at least one carrier. ........................................................... 59
`
`Claim 17: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further
`comprising at least one auxiliary agent chosen from the group
`consisting of lubricants, preservatives, disintegrants, stabilizers,
`wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts, buffers, coloring agents,
`flavoring agents, and aromatic substances. ......................................... 60
`
`I.
`
`Claim 18: The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further
`comprising at least one ingredient to adjust pH. ................................. 60
`
`X. Any Secondary Considerations of Nonobviousness Would Fail ............. 60
`
`XI. Conclusion .................................................................................................... 60
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`
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`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
`
`Cases
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`Iron Dome LLC v. Chinook Licensing DE LLC,
`IPR2014-00674, Paper 9 (Sept. 10, 2014) ............................................................. 4
`
`Statutes
`
`35 U.S.C. § 102(a) ..................................................................................................... 5
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`35 U.S.C. § 102(b) ..................................................................................................... 5
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`35 U.S.C. § 102(e) ..................................................................................................... 5
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`35 U.S.C. § 311(a) ..................................................................................................... 4
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`35 U.S.C. §§ 311-319 ................................................................................................ 1
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`Regulations
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.10(b) .................................................................................................. 4
`
`37 C.F.R. § 42.100 et seq. .......................................................................................... 1
`
`37 C.F.R. § 42.100(b) .............................................................................................. 10
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.104 ..................................................................................................... 4
`
`37 C.F.R. § 42.15(a) ................................................................................................... 4
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.6(c) ..................................................................................................... 5
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.63(e) ................................................................................................... 5
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.8 ......................................................................................................... 1
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`Patent 8,852,636Patent 8,852,636
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1) ................................................................................................ 1
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1) ................................................................................................ 137 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1) ................................................................................................ 1
`
`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2) ................................................................................................ 2
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2) ................................................................................................ 237 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2) ................................................................................................ 2
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3) ................................................................................................ 3
`
`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3) ................................................................................................ 337 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3) ................................................................................................ 3
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4) ................................................................................................ 3
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4) ................................................................................................ 337 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4) ................................................................................................ 3
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`EXHIBIT LIST
`
`Exhibit No. Description
`
`1001
`
`1002
`
`1003
`
`1004
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`1005
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`1006
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`1007
`
`1008
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`1009
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`1010
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`1011
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`1012
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`1013
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`1014
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`1015
`
`U.S. Patent No. 8,852,636 (“the ’636 Patent”)
`
`File History of the ’636 Patent, U.S. Patent App. No. 14/045,156
`(“the ’156 Application”)
`
`Declaration of Leon Shargel, Ph.D., R.Ph.
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`Malta College of Pharmacy Practice, Issue 10 (2005)
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`Patent 8,852,636
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`Exhibit No. Description
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`1016
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`1020
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`1021
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`1022
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`1023
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`xii
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`Exhibit No. Description
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`1027
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`1028
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`1029
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`1030
`
`1031
`
`1032
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`1033
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`1034
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`xiii
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`Exhibit No. Description
`
`1040
`
`1041
`
`1042
`
`1043
`
`1044
`
`1045
`
`1046
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`“Omeprazole,” Stephen P. Clissold, et al., Drugs, Vol. 32, Issue 1
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`
`“Clinical Trial: Evaluation of Gastric Acid Suppression with Three
`Doses of Immediate-Release Esomeprazole in the Fixed-Dose
`Combination of PN 400 (Naproxen/Esomeprazole Magnesium)
`Compared with Naproxen 500 mg and Enteric-Coated
`Esomeprazole 20 mg: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase I Study
`in Healthy Volunteers,” P. Miner, Jr., et al., Alimentary
`Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol. 32, Issue 3 (Aug. 2010)
`(“Miner”)
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`1047
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`FDA Response to Horizon’s Citizen Petition (July 3, 2014)
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`
`
`xiv
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`
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
`
`I.
`
`Introduction
`
`The Coalition for Affordable Drugs VII LLC (“CFAD” or “Petitioner”)
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`respectfully requests inter partes review of claims 1-18 of U.S. Patent No.
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`8,852,636 (“the ’636 Patent”) (Ex. 1001) in accordance with 35 U.S.C. §§ 311-319
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`and 37 C.F.R. § 42.100 et seq. The ’636 Patent is assigned to Pozen Inc.
`
`II. Mandatory Notices Per 37 C.F.R. § 42.8
`A. Real Party-In-Interest
`Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1), CFAD certifies that Coalition For
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`Affordable Drugs VII LLC; Hayman Credes Master Fund, L.P. (“Credes”);
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`Hayman Orange Fund SPC – Portfolio A (“HOF”); Hayman Capital Master Fund,
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`L.P. (“HCMF”); Hayman Capital Management, L.P. (“HCM”); Hayman Offshore
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`Management, Inc. (“HOM”); Hayman Investments, L.L.C. (“HI”); nXn Partners,
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`LLC (“nXnP”); IP Navigation Group, LLC (“IPNav”); J Kyle Bass; and Erich
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`Spangenberg (collectively, “RPI”) are the real parties-in-interest. The RPI certify
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`the following: CFAD is a wholly owned subsidiary of Credes. Credes is a limited
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`partnership. HOF is a segregated portfolio company. HCMF is a limited
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`partnership. HCM is the general partner and investment manager of Credes and
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`HCMF. HCM is the investment manager of HOF. HOM is the administrative
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`general partner of Credes and HCMF. HI is the general partner of HCM. J Kyle
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`Bass is the sole member of HI and sole shareholder of HOM. CFAD, Credes,
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`1
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`HOF, and HCMF act, directly or indirectly, through HCM as the general partner
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`and/or investment manager of Credes, HOF, and HCMF. nXnP is a paid
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`consultant to HCM. Erich Spangenberg is the Manager and majority member of
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`nXnP. IPNav is a paid consultant to nXnP. Erich Spangenberg is the Manager and
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`majority member of IPNav. Other than HCM and J Kyle Bass in his capacity as
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`the Chief Investment Officer of HCM and nXnP and Erich Spangenberg in his
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`capacity as the Manager/CEO of nXnP, no other person (including any investor,
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`limited partner, or member or any other person in any of CFAD, Credes, HOF,
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`HCMF, HCM, HOM, HI, nXnP, or IPNav) has authority to direct or control (i) the
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`timing of, filing of, content of, or any decisions or other activities relating to this
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`petition or (ii) any timing, future filings, content of, or any decisions or other
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`activities relating to the future proceedings related to this petition. All of the costs
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`associated with this petition are expected to be borne by HCM, CFAD, Credes,
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`HOF, and/or HCMF.
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`B. Notice of Related Matters
`Per 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2), CFAD is aware of the following judicial matters
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`involving the ’636 Patent: (1) Horizon Pharma, Inc. v. Actavis Labs. FL, Inc.,
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`3:15-cv-03322 (D.N.J.); (2) Horizon Pharma, Inc. v. Dr. Reddy’s Labs., Inc., 3:15-
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`cv-03324 (D.N.J.); (3) Horizon Pharma, Inc. v. Lupin Ltd., 3:15-cv-03326
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`(D.N.J.); and (4) Horizon Pharma, Inc., v. Mylan Pharmas., Inc. 3:15-cv-03327
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`(D.N.J.). In addition, CFAD is aware of the following judicial and administrative
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`matters involving patents related to the ’636 Patent: (1) AstraZeneca AB v. Dr.
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`Reddy’s Labs. Inc., 3:11-cv-02317 (D.N.J.); (2) AstraZeneca AB v. Dr. Reddy’s
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`Labs., Inc., 3:13-cv-00091 (D.N.J.); (3) AstraZeneca AB v. Watson Labs., Inc.-
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`Florida, 3:13-cv-03038 (D.N.J.); (4) AstraZeneca AB v. Mylan Pharmas., 3:13-cv-
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`04022 (D.N.J.); (5) Dr. Reddy’s Labs., Inc. v. Pozen Inc., IPR2015-00802
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`(P.T.A.B.); (6) Coalition for Affordable Drugs VII LLC v. Pozen Inc., IPR2015-
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`01241 (P.T.A.B.); and (7) Coalition for Affordable Drugs VII LLC v. Pozen Inc.,
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`IPR2015-01344 (P.T.A.B.).
`
`C. Lead and Back-Up Counsel and Service Information
`Per 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3), CFAD designates counsel as follows:
`
`Lead Counsel
`Amy E. LaValle (Reg. No. 51,092)
`alavalle@conleyrose.com
`Postal and Hand-Delivery Address:
`Conley Rose, P.C.
`5601 Granite Parkway, Suite 500
`Plano, Texas 75024
`(972) 731-2288 (phone)
`(972) 731-2289 (fax)
`
`Back-Up Counsel
`Jerry C. Harris, Jr. (Reg. No.
`66,822)
`jcharris@conleyrose.com
`Rodney B. Carroll (Reg. No.
`39,624)
`rcarroll@conleyrose.com
`Postal and Hand-Delivery Address:
`Conley Rose, P.C.
`5601 Granite Parkway, Suite 500
`Plano, Texas 75024
`(972) 731-2288 (phone)
`(972) 731-2289 (fax)
`
`
`Per 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4), CFAD may be served at the above addresses for Lead
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`and Back-Up Counsel. CFAD consents to electronic service by e-mail. Per 37
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`C.F.R. § 42.10(b), a Power of Attorney accompanies this Petition.
`
`III. Payment of Fees
`The undersigned authorizes the Office to charge the fee required by
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`37 C.F.R. § 42.15(a) for this Petition to Deposit Account No. 50-1515.
`
`IV. Requirements Per 37 C.F.R. § 42.104
`A. Grounds for Standing
`CFAD certifies that the ’636 Patent is available for inter partes review and
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`that CFAD is not barred or estopped from requesting inter partes review
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`challenging claims 1-18 of the ’636 Patent on the grounds identified in this
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`Petition. Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 311(a), any person or entity, including CFAD,
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`“who is not the owner of a patent may file with the Office a petition to institute an
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`inter partes review of the patent.” See Iron Dome LLC v. Chinook Licensing DE
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`LLC, IPR2014-00674, Paper 9 (Sept. 10, 2014) (allowing petition filed by third
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`party with no relationship to any parties to lawsuits involving patent owner to
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`proceed on the merits). Accordingly, CFAD has standing and is entitled to petition
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`the PTAB for review of the ’636 Patent.
`
`B.
`Identification of Challenge and Precise Relief Requested
`Ground 1: CFAD challenges claims 1-18 of the ’636 Patent and seeks a
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`ruling that those claims are unpatentable under 35 U.S.C. § 103(a) as obvious over
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`Goldman (Ex. 1004) in view of Remington (Ex. 1005) and in further view of
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`IPR2015-01680
`Patent 8,852,636
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`Lindberg (Ex. 1007). Goldman, Remington, and Lindberg are available as prior art
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`under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b).
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`Ground 2: CFAD challenges c