Words are included in this Dictionary on the basis of their
`usage. Words that are known to have current trademark reg-
`istrations are shown with an irtitial capital and are also iden-
`tified as trademarks. No investigation has been made of
`common~1aw trademark rights i.n any word, because such in-
`vestigation is impracticable. The inclusion of any word in this
`Dictionary is not, however, an expression of the Publisher’s
`opinion as to whether or not it is subject to pro rietary rights.
`Indeed, no definition in this Dictionary is to e regarded as
`affecting the validity of "any trademark.
`
`American Heritage® and the eagle logo are registered trade-
`marks of Forbes Inc. Their use is pursuant to a license agree-
`ment with Forbes Inc.
`
`Copyright © 1997, 1993 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
`All rights reserved.
`
`No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any
`form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
`including
`photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or
`retrieval system without the prior written permission of
`Hougbton Mifflin Company unless such copying is expressl
`permitted by federal copyright law. Address inquiries to Re -
`erence Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Company, 222 Berkeley
`Street, Boston MA 02116.
`
`0-395-67161-2 (UPC)
`
`Library of Congress Catalog1'ng-in-Publication Data
`The American heritage college dictionary. —3rd ed.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 0-395-66917-0 (plain edge) . —lSBN 0-395-4463 8-4
`(thumb edge). —ISBN 0-3 95 -6691 8-9 (deluxe binding).
`1. English language —Dictionaries.
`2. Americanisms.
`PE16Z8 A6227 1993
`423—dc20
`
`92-42124
`CIP
`
`'
`
`.
`
`7' Manufactured in the United States of America
`
`For information about this and other Houghton Miffliu trade
`and reference books and multimedia products, visit The
`Bookstore at Houghton Ivfifflin on the World Wide Web at
`http://www;hmco.corru'trade.".
`
`

`
`I)
`.7 _1_
`" -. Ire is frequently encoun-
`of LI patient mam
`
`S2
`angle of incidence :1. Phys. The angle forrned by a ray incidm
`
`'
`escape His irei'Is_, not to
`England,
`LES
`l'_€F"Fl
`irI_l""
`on a surface and a perpendicular to the surface at the point“!
`incidence.
`-
`,
`., An'glo‘}'Jh‘
`Wrath applies especially
`.. _
`_
`
`
`an-gin-smow
`punishment: the wrath
`to fervid anger that sccics mg‘
`angle of reflection rt. Plays. The angle formed by :1 refleggé
`angerly
`l“.I1gl!Sl‘L—S1.)l?Jl\'-
`
`
`of God. Resentment refers to ill will and smoldering anger
`ray and a perpendicular to the surface at the point of teflm
`tron.
`
`
`more lzmguag
`generated by a sense of grievance: Ti).-3 workers’ resentment
`angle Of refraction 11. Plays. The angle formed by 3 tefrag;
`An-glo-Sax°9|'
`led to a strike. indignation is righteous anger at something
`Kl‘H.‘ Ct-rn1:Lnic
`wrongful, unjust, or evil: "public indignation about takeovers
`ray and a perpendicular to the refracting surface at the pup,
`slxfll cenmrie:
`of refraction.
`,
`causing people to lose their jobs” (Allan Sloan).
`were tlornina
`angle of yaw n. The angle between an airci-aft’s longituclin
`an-ger-ly [ii1g"g;u:-lél
`tztlv. Arclmic. Angrily.
`illfifi. 3. See ‘
`axis and its line of travel, as seen from above.
`An-gets (infjarz, iN—zl12'if). A city ofW France ENE of Nanr—
`
`_ ,.-tlj. Oi, rel.
`es‘, historical cap. of‘Anjou. Pop. 136,038.
`angle plate 2:. A right-angled metal bracket that is used Dnth
`dtsceridaiirs,
`i
`
`faceplate of a lathe to hold the pieces that are being worked
`An-ge-Vin (anfjawin) adj. 1. Of or relating to the historical
`an vgo« la (ang-
`an-gler {2'tng"glar) n. 1. One who fishes with a hook. 2_
`region and former province of Anjou, France. 2. Of or relat-
`ldlllii Ocean;
`schemer. 3. An anglerfish.
`ing to the House of Anion, esp. the Plantagencts, who de-
`
`Cap. Luanda.
`an-gier-fish (angfglar-fish’) n., pl. anglerfish or -fish-es,
`scended from Geoffrey, Count of Anjou (died 1151). Fr. <
`.Eu1-go- ra‘ {fin
`O]-‘r. < Med.Lat. Andegtwinus < Andegavitr, Anjou, France.]
`marine fish of the order Lophiiformes or Pediculati, having
`
`gin-go-vraz tins
`
`long dorsal fin ray suspended over the mouth that serves,
`an-gi-na (fin-jifna, in-'j::e) n. 1. Angina pectotis. Z. A condi-
`of the Aiigorl
`
`attract prey.
`tion, Such as severe sore throat, marked by spasmodic attacks
`§'.1n‘.i or fabric
`An-gle-say or An-gle-sea (éng-'g::;l-sél. An island of N1;
`of suffocating pain. [Lat., quinsy < Gk. ambboné, a stran-
`L'.Ii[. 3. An An
`
`Wales in the Irish Sea; site of druidic ruins, esp. dolmens_
`gling. See angh-*4 —an-gifnal adj. —anfgl-nose’ (-ja-
`iAi1lcar.1), ‘ill:
`an-gle-site i('2ingFgl‘i-sit’) n. A lead sulfate mineral, Pbso
`nds’) adj.
`
`Angora cat ii.
`occurring in colorless or tinted crystals and formed by gig.
`angina pet:-to-ris (példtar-is) rs. Severe paroxysmal pain in
`
`Angora goat I1
`weathering of lead ore. [After A.NoLssEY.]
`the chest associated with an insufficient blood supply to the
`Angora rabbit
`anagle-worm (§ingl'galewfirm’) n. A worm used as bait,
`white hair.
`heart.
`‘,NLat.
`: Lat. angina, quinsy + pectoris, genitive of
`Ant-gll-a (zinglglé-9). England.
`pectus, chest}
`an-gos-twra
`.iri':m.iti<. b.1rl<
`angio— pref‘.
`'1. Blood and lymph vessel: mzgiogmm. 2. [feti-
`An-gii-an (ting-' glean) adj. Of or relating to East Anglia or
`e. Z. The Old English dialectsi;
`the Angles. —n. 1. An Angl
`cnrp: zmgiosperm. [NLat. < Gk. angeio-' < tmgeion, vessel,
`ofl}t'l.~:ali's or (
`Mercia and Northumbria.
`blood vessel, dim. of arzgos, Vessel.]
`.u1t',l:l§;1[<)E1lC
`An-gli-can (angfgli-ken) adj. 1. Of, rclziting to, or character
`an-gi-o-car-cli-cg-Ia-phy (:i.n'jé-6-kéir'dE-6g-’ra~fé) n. Ex—
`Anvgou-mols
`amination of the heart and associated blood vessels using
`.
`istic of the Church of England or any related church, such
`province of I
`the Protestant Episcopal Church. 2. Of or relating to Englar
`l<orn-an rirncs
`X-rays following the injection of a radiopaque substance.
`or the English. — it. A member of the Church of Englandu
`—an’gi-o-car"di-o°graph'ic (-argriflik) adj.
`arvsry (§ng’t'.r
`augt-r;
`|nCL‘£lS{
`of any related church. [Med.Lat. Anglicdnus, English < Alli
`an-gi-cwgram (E11-'jé—:;—gr5m')
`11. Au X—ray by angiography
`glictts < LLat. Angli, the Angles. See A.NGt£.]
`_
`used in diagnosing pathological conditions of the cartljovuse
`oi or resulting
`cular system.
`Anglican Church 1:. The Church of England and other church:
`acing E.l:pt.'LI;
`in complete agreement with it as to doctrine and disciplimi
`ii. Examination of the
`an-gi-og-raph-y (anfjé-c“>g’rs—fé)
`ihmactl anti pg
`and in communion with the Archbishop of Canterbury,
`Set;
`.aN('.fI<.l
`blood vessels using x—rays following the injection of a radio-
`An-gli-can-ism (ang1'gH~l<2~niz’am) n. The faith, docrris
`angry young tr
`paque substance. —an’gi-o-graphfic l-gréfllkl adj.
`'
`system, and practice of the Anglican Church.
`of
`linglisli wr
`an-gi-ol-o-gy (‘:in’jé-ol"3—jé)
`‘Ft. The study of blood and
`An-gli-Ce (angfglisél) min. In the English form: Flrenze, lui
`lymph vessels.
`Et.L‘Ll by social
`NRC.
`glice Florence. [Med.Lat. Anglicé < Artglictas, English. See At
`an-gi-o-ma (an’jé—o»'rua) n., pl. -mas or -ma-ta (—n:.:i—ta). A
`G11caN.]
`angst‘ izuiglmj
`tumor composed chiefly of lymph and blood vessels. — an’-
`Ari-gli-cism also an-gli-cism (‘Eng-'gll-siz':an1) rt. 1. A woté
`gi-ofma-tous l~(_)’Il'l3-I35, —om"a—) adj.
`.Ht.'L‘()IILp:1I1lL‘Cl
`('il'i(.t-r. rmgti
`a phrase, or an idiom peculiar to English, esp. as spoken"
`an-gi-op-a-thy {:“m’je-op’;-tlié) 22., pl. -tliies. Any of several
`England; a Briticism. 2. A typically English quality. [< Me
`diseases of the blood or lymph vessels.
`angst? ilillflf. A
`8l1§.]"SlCl"OfTl 01'
`Lat. Angiicus, English. See A.NGuCAN.]
`an-gi-o-plas-ty lanljé-o—pl-.‘ts’té) 71., pl. —ties. A procedure in
`input! In one
`which a catheter with a tiny balloon is inserted into an artery
`An-g|l'Cl5‘t (angfgl_i—sist) n. A specialist in English linguistio
`An-gli-cize also an-gli-cize (:§.ng»'g.l‘1’—siz')
`-22. -cized.
`i
`csgi. lo spccifi
`narrowed by fatty deposits that clear when the balloon is in-
`IT19I'}i£. [Aiu-t
`ing. -ciz-es. — tr. To make English or similar to English
`flated to widen the artery.
`Ang-strorn [in
`form, idiom, style, or character. — intr. To become English ‘
`an-gi-o-sat-co-ma (sn'je-5-ssr-karma) ‘Pt. A malignant tu—
`form or character. —An’gli-ci-:a’tion (—si—zi|'shon) rt.
`C74.
`.‘awt‘clis|1 5
`mor arising from vascular tissue.
`mt: oi spt-t*r<
`an-gi-o-sperm (2“inl'je~:;-spfirrn’) n. A plant whose ovules are
`8 TD .
`an-gliiriig (iinglglhg) rt. Fishing with a hook and line and list
`angszrom unit
`enclosed in an ovary; a flowering plant.
`An-guilila (Cini
`An-glo also an-gin (éugrgloj n., pl. -glos. 1. Informal. ls
`an-gi-o-ten-sin (:“in'jE—o—ténfsin) 1:. Any of three polypeptide
`«lies in llic N
`Anglo-American. Z. An English—speal<_ing person, esp. a will
`hormones, one of which is at powerful vasoconsrricror, that
`cent.
`r\
`[mi
`l
`North American who is not of Hispanic or French descent
`function in the body in controlling arterial pressure.
`[ANGIO—
`ii:.»tip:.
`in We
`[Short for AVGL0-AMERICAN] — Anfglo adj.
`'
`+ i'i~;Ns(1oN) + —IN.j
`arl-guish izingl
`Anglo— pref. England; English: Anglo-Saxon. [NLat. < Merl
`Angtkor lingfkor, -kor). A region in NW Cambodia including
`to:'II:t'rtl
`l‘>L'E2
`Lat. Angli, the English people < LLat., the Angles. See A
`two Hindu temple complexes, Angkor Wat (12th cent.) and
`gulshtes.
`GLE.]
`Angkor Thom (13th cent.).
`lccl or sI.Il'l'L‘1'_:
`An-glo-A-mer-1-can (2ingl'glo—a—mérl'iAkan) n. An Arneticar
`Angl. abbr. Anglican.
`Iillpjtlslltlé‘, dis
`esp. one from the United States, whose language and ancrsuv
`an-glel langlgal) intro. -gled. -gling. —gles. 1. To fish with a
`an~guished [Sir
`hook and line. 2. To try to get something by artful means:
`are English. — adj. 1. Of, relating to, or between England Mi
`-<”'l?.;'Ul‘tll.
`(d’!‘E>‘-‘l
`America, esp. the United States; 2. Of or relating to Angler
`angle for ti promotion. — 71. Obsolete. A fishhook or fishing
`Americans.
`-‘
`an-gut lair (mg
`tackle. [ME tmglen < angel, fishhook < OE.]
`oi as: utigic L11
`Ana glo-Cath-0-lic (angfglo-kathflik, -l<athl'a—lik) rvz. An All
`an-glea (arigfgal) n. ‘I. Marla. a. The figure formed by two lines
`ml At‘: arc. 3.1
`diverging from a common point. 13. The figure formed by two
`glican whose convictions stress sacramental worship. ——l-‘ml
`trig y,r.icr or is
`glo-Cathie-lie adj.
`_
`planes diverging from a common line. C. The rotation re—
`.i:Iii.'m.s "
`ring;
`“RS6 rl.
`An-glo-French (Eng! glo—frEnch|') adj. Of, relating to, or
`quircd to superitnpose either of two such lines or plants on
`the other. cl. The space between such lines or surfaces. e. A
`tween England and France or their peoples; English all
`angular accelel
`French. -71. See Anglo-Norrnan 2.
`_
`solid angle. 2. A sharp or projecting corner, as of a building.
`\sall:1't‘»pti_ti[
`3.3.. The place, position, or direction from which an object is
`An-glo-In-di-an linglglo-inldé-on) adj. Of, relating to, Oil”
`m1~gu~lar—i~t1
`tween England and india.
`-12. 1. A person of Englishil
`presented to view. b. An aspect, as of a problem, seen from a
`Hi writlatitm ij
`Indian descent. Z. A person of English birth or ancestry lirlfll
`lHl1ll[lL'~i,ol'Ci
`specific point of view. 4. Slang. A devious method; a scheme.
`in India. 3. The variety of English used in lndia.
`'
`Wu. —gled, —gling, -gies. —tr. 1. To turn or direct (some:
`arugula: moms
`An-glo-I-rish (éng»'glo—i"rIsh) :1. 1. An English native livingI_
`tor and lln,
`if:
`thing) at an angle: zmgied the chair toward Ilse window. 2. In-
`formal. To impart a biased point of view to: angled the story
`lreland. Z. An Irish native living in Englzmd. 3. One of
`angular velocli
`so as to criticize. — intr. To continue along or turn at an angle
`Irish and English ancestry. 4. See ll'l.5l'l English.
`-+1‘-lfllglfi
`will‘:
`lL\§)lLli.:'l
`lfrish adj.
`_ :1,
`or by angles: The path angled throng}: the woods. [ME <
`an~gu- late in
`OFr. < Lat. mzgttlzm]
`An-glo—Nor-man (z'1ng'gl6-noflman) rt. 1. One of the N913
`lo: f:l1,1[)('_
`'
`m.1.ltc or Eucn
`mans who lived in England after the Norman Conquest ;.
`An-gle ling’ gal) rt. A member of a Germanic people that mi-
`
`England in 1066 or a descendant of these settlers. 2.8.
`an-go-la-tlor:
`grated to England from southern Jutland in the fifth and sixth
`centuries A.D. [< Lat, /lngii, the Angles, of Clnic. urig.l
`§g’.it‘.s- 2.
`.-in is
`dialect of Old French, derived chiefly from Norman French
`angle bracket 11. 1. Either of a pair of symbols. < >, used to
`that was used by the Anglo—Normans. b. The form of
`amhin-ga
`
`nu lard bu.
`enclose written material. 2. Math. Either of these symbols,
`dialect used in English law until the 17th century. -Anlglal
`Norfman adj.
`3
`"'.l.ll"l‘Ij(S§‘K
`used esp. together to indicate the average of :1 contained t;uan—
`A,_n~hu
`, 2"
`city.
`Anagio-prise (ang"gla-fIl') also An-glo-phil (-111) n. One will
`
`l‘
`;'¢.‘.!tL¥.2.l ( ht:
`anglaz
`angle iron :1. A length of steel or iron bent at a right angle
`admires England, its people, and its culture. — Anfglo'Ph'lf‘
`Top: Acute angle
`l'it=.’-i.':
`Fug‘
`
`along its long side, used as a support or structural framework.
`e—:a
`rt.
`.-
`An')'glo-pl1i|’ic (a'mg"gla-fil'il<) mg. —~An’gIo-philfi-a t-fl
`Center: Obruse angle
`a.n'hy*<.1r'i<1e
`angle of attack 21. The acute angle between the chord of an
`
`Bottom: Right angle
`airfoil and a line representing the undisturbed relative airflow.
`An-glo-phobe finglglaefob’) n. One who dislikes or E
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Anglophobe
`
`angiograrn
`Showing an aneurysm
`and hemorrhaging
`in the basal artery
`
`-15’
`
`135‘
`
`90‘
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`
`Z34
`
`changeable
`
`Chapel Hill
`
`chanterelle
`Cnuthnrellrrs cfbarfus
`
`chapel
`Restored chapel,
`Fort Ross, California
`
`'
`
`become different or undergo alteration. 2. To undergo trans-
`formation or transition. 3. To go from one phase to another,
`as the moon. 4. To make an exchange. 5. To transfer from
`one conveyance to another. 6. To put on other clothing. 1. To
`become deeper in tone. —n. 1. The act, process, or result of
`altering ormodifying. 2. The replacing of one thing for an—
`other; substitution. 3. A transformation or transition from
`one state, condition, or phase to another. 4. Something di_f—
`ferent-, variety. 5. A different or fresh set of clothing.
`6.a. Money of smaller denomination given or received in ex—
`change for money of higher denomination. b. The balance of
`money returned when an amount given is more than what is
`due. C. Coins. 7. Mus. A pattern or order in which bells are
`rung. 8. A market or exchange where business is transacted.
`- phrasal verb. change of-f. ‘l . To alternate with another per-
`son in performing a task. Z. Toperform two tasks at once by
`alternating or a single task by alternate means. —id1'oms.
`change hands. To pass from one owner to another. change
`(one's) mind. To reverse a previously held Opinion or an ear-
`lier decision. change (ones) tune. To alter one’s approach or
`attitude.
`[M]-I changer: < Norman Fr, thmmger < Lat. cam—
`bizire, camhire, to exchange, prob. of Celt. orig.) -- changfer
`T13.
`‘l. Liable to change; capri-
`change-a-ble (cl1anl'j;I—b;Il) adj.
`cious. 2. Being such that alteration is possible. 3. Varying in
`color or appearance from different viewpoints. —changB' a-
`bilii-ty, changefa-ble-ness 2:. — change la-bly adv.
`change-ful (chanj-'f;l) adj. Having the tendency or ability to
`change. — changelful-ly adv. — changefful-ness n.
`change-less lchanjllis.) adj. Unchanging; constant.
`change-ling (ehanjfling) 1:. 1. A child secretly exchanged for
`another. 2. Archaic. A changeable, fickle person. 3. Archaic.
`A person of deficient intelligence.
`change of heart 21., pl. changes of heart. A reversal of one’s
`opinion, attitude, or feelings.
`change of life :1. Menopause.
`_
`change-o-ver (chanjlifivar) 11. A conversion to a different
`purpose or fromorie system to another, as in equipment.
`change ring-ing (tingling) rz. Mus. The ringing of a set of
`chimes or bells with every possible unrepeated variation.
`change-up lchanjfupll :1. Baseball. A pitch that looks like a
`fastball but actually moves more slowly, thereby prompting a
`premature swing. {Alteration of chcmge-of-pace]
`Chang Jiang (changf jy'a'ng»']. See Yangtze River.
`Chang-she lchtingfshalj. A city of 5 China on the Xiang Jiang
`WSW of Shanghai; cap. of Hunan province. Pop. 1,123,900.
`Chang-zhou also Chang-chow (changljoll. A city of E China
`on the Grand Canal VVNW of Shanghai. Pop. 425,000.
`Chan-kiang lcliéinllcyéingl, jdnfjyangl). See Zhanjiang.
`chan-nell (chdrflel) n. 1. The bed of a stream or river. 2. The
`deeper part of a river or harbor, esp. a deep navigable pas-
`sage. 3. A broad strait, esp. one that connects two seas. 4. A
`trench, furrow, or groove. 5. A tubular passage for liquids; a
`conduit. 5. A course or passage through which something
`may move or be directed: channels of thought. 7. A route of
`communication or access. Often used in the plural.
`8. Electron. A specified frequency band for the transmission
`and reception of electromagnetic signals, as for television.
`9. The medium through which a spirit guide purportedly
`communicates. 10. A rolled metal bar with a bracl<et—shaped
`section. mm tvuu. -neled. —nal-ing, -nels also —nelled. -nel-ling,
`-nels. 1. To make or Cut Channels in. 2. To form a groove or
`flute in. 3. To direct or guide along some desired course. 4. To
`serve as a medium for (a spirit guide). [ME Chanel < OFr. <
`Lat. cancilis. See CANAL.) —r:han-'nel-er n.
`chan-nelz lchtlnfal) n. Nrmt. A ledge projecting from a sailing
`ship’s sides to spread the shrouds and keep them clear of the
`gunwales. [Alteration of obsolete chztmwttle : CHAIN + Write.)
`channel bass :1. See red drum.
`channel black n. A type of carbon black formed by exposing an
`iron plate to a natural gas flame. [< CI-IAN'NIL1.]
`channel catfish 21. A freshwater food fish (lctzzlums puncmtus)
`common to the cenuai United States.
`chart-nel-ing (clian-Vavliiig) n. Purporred communication by a
`disembodied entity through a living person.
`Chan-nel Islands lchanlalj. A group of British islands in the
`English Channel off the coast of Normandy, France; orig.
`settled by Norse mariners.
`Chan-net-ize (chanfa~liz') f?'.1/. -ized, —iz-ing, -iz-es. 1. To
`make, form, or cut channels in. 2. To direct through a chan-
`nel. — chan'nei-l-zaltlon (chanla-li-z:'a’shan) n.
`Chan-nel-View (chanTal—vycTo'). A community of SE TX, a
`suburb of Houston. Pop. 25,564.
`Chan-ning (chanlingj, William Ellery. 1780-1842. Amer. re-
`ligious leader and a founder of Unitarianism.
`cha-no °yu (cha'n6—yo‘ol') n. An ancient Iapanese ritual for the
`preparation, serving, and drinking of tea. [I.
`: aha, tea + no,
`possessive particle + ya, hot water.]
`chan-son (Shaw-56N’) n., pl. —5ons (sow, -séwz’). Mus. A
`song, esp. a French cabaret song. [Fr. < OFr. < Lat. cantifi,
`ca.’-Itiom < csmtus, p.part. of crmrrire, to sing. See CHAN'1'.l
`chanson de geste (do zhestf) n., pl. chansons de geste. An
`
`,
`
`.
`
`,
`
`1
`
`Old French epic poem of the 11th to the 14th (:3
`brating the deeds of historical or legendary figuigusw
`chanson, song + de, of + geste, heroic exploir.]
`'_
`chant (chant) n.
`‘l. Mus. a. A short simple melody ‘U,
`syllables or words are sung on or zntoned to the same .
`b; A canncle or prayer sung or lritoned inlthis mama
`song or melody. Z. A monotonous ‘rhythmic call or 3;,
`of a slogan. — v. chant-ed, chant-mg, chants. ‘ ;,_ 1
`To sing or intone to a chant. 2. Mus. To celebrate "1
`3. To say in the manner of a chant. — inn". 1. Mus, To .
`esp. in the manner of a chant. 2. To speak lnonutom
`[1>roAb. < FL, song < OFr. < Lat. ccmtus < p.part. oft
`to sing. Seevkan- .} — chantfing-[y adv.
`chant-err (chanltar) vi. 1. Mus. _A person who c_hants,3
`The pipe of ‘a bagpipe on which the melody is played
`priest who sings in a chantry.
`chan-te-relle (shah-i’ta—rell', shan’—) 11. A tnnnpe:.5].mP-
`ible mushroom (Gtmthzrrellus cibarius) that is yellow to.
`ange in color.
`[Fr._ < NLat, crmtharefla, fem. dim,
`ccmthams, cup (< its shape) < Gk.
`.laomtfaaro5.]
`chan-teuse (sh'2iN—rnezf) rz. Mus. A woman singer, Esp, Wm.
`club singer. [Fr., fern. of chmireur, singer < chnzmter,
`;
`5“ “‘““"“l
`'
`-
`_
`.
`chan-tevy also chan -ty (shanrte, ‘Chan!-) or Sha_1-iotey or
`.
`ty (shanftc) 72., pl. -teys also -ties. Mus. A sailors’ gm,
`to the rhythm of their work movements. [Prob. < F1-..:l,,%'
`tmpcr. pl. of changer, ‘E0 srng < QFr. See Cl-l'A.NT.]
`chan-ti -cleer (chanl't1—kl1r’, shank) rt. . A roostm
`chrmntecler < OFr. chtmtecler, the rooster 1n the tale 0
`nard the Fox.]
`. Chan-til-ly (shin-t‘d’E, shI2iN—tE—yE’). A village of N PM i
`of Paris; long noted for its delicate lace. Pop. 10,065.
`chanvtry lcliénftré) n., pl. -tries. Eccles. 1. An endowzm
`cover expenses for the saying of masses and prayers, us
`the soul of the founder of the endowment. Z. An a
`chapel endowed for the saying of such masses and pm}
`[ME chcmterie <"OFr. < chcmter, to sing. See C]-l.AN‘J',) "
`Cha-nu-Rah (Kt-iiallna-ka, ha!-J n. Var. of Hanukkah.
`Chao K'uang-yin ljoul kwiinglyinf). See Zhau Kllangy
`Chao Phra-ya (Chou prii-ya’). A river of Thailand form
`the Nan and Ping rivers and flowing C. 225 km (140 m
`' the Gulf of Thailand.
`.
`cha-as (kafosll n. ‘l. A condition or place of great disar
`confusion. 2. A disorderly mass; a jumble. 3. Often Ch
`The disordered state of unforrned matter and infinite
`supposed in some cosmogonic views to-have existed
`the ordered universe. 4. Phys. The aperiodic, unpredi
`behavior arising in a system extremely sensitive to vari
`in initial conditions; phenomena and that exhibited by
`include turbulent fluid flow, low~range weather pattern
`cardiac arrhythrnias. S. Obsolete. An abyss; a chasm.
`formless primordial space < Lat. < Gk. Hines.) — clia-'0
`(—:‘:‘at|'il<) adj. —cha-otfi-cal-ly adv.
`Chao 'l‘zu-yang (jou-' dzo”o-yang’). See Zhao Ziyang.
`chap‘ (chap) :2. chapped. chap-ping, chaps. —tr.
`(the skin) to chap. — intr. To split or become rough and
`—n. A chapping of the skin. [ME chcppeml
`.
`chap? (chap) 11. In-formal. A man or boy; a fellow. [She
`Cl-1APN1A.\I.]
`cha . abbr. Cha ter.
`Chaizpa-la (chcrgii-'12), A lake of W-central Mexico SE ul_ '
`dalajara.
`_.
`chap-ar-ral (sliép'9-rill‘) n. 1. Ecol. A biome characteriz
`hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters and dominal
`a dense growth of mostly small-leaved evergreen shrubs
`dense Lhickct of shrubs and small trees. [Sp. < chapatr
`ergrccn oak < Basque txrzpar, dint. of saphar, thicket
`chaparra] bird 7:. See roadrunner.
`-
`'
`cha arral cock fl. See roadrunner.
`chai-Jpa-ti also cha-pat.-ti (ch:;—pa’té) n. A flat dislc-511
`breactli of northern India, made of Wheat flour, water, an
`[Hin icrzpfitii]
`chap-book (ch2'ipl'boT3l<') rt. A small book or pamphlet
`ems, ballads, stories, or religious tracts.
`[CHAP(MiLl\ll
`‘*'-
`chape (chap, chip) in. A metal tip or mounting on a stali
`or sheath. [ME < OFr., hood, head covering < LL91!‘ 5
`hooded Cloak]
`cha-peau (aha-per) n., pl. -peaus or -peaux (rpfiz-').
`hooded cloak.
`[Fr. < OFr. chapel < VLat. ccppelius, dim. of LL35.
`chap=el (chapfiwl) 71.
`'l.a. A place of worship that is _S'
`than and subordinate to a church. b. A place of worslilll
`institution, such as a hospital. 1:. A recess or room in a
`set apart for special or small services. cl. A place of W’.
`for those not belonging to an established church. 2. Th‘
`ices held at a chapel. 2.. Mus. A choir or orchestra com
`with a place of worship at a royal court. 3.a. A funeralé,
`b. A room in a funeral home for services. ME shape 9 ..
`< Mcd.Lat. capella, cape, canopy, chap[e1, dim. Of 5
`LLat. cuppa, hooded cloak.]
`Chap-el Hill (chip-'91). A town of N-central NC at that
`die Piedmont WNW of Raleigh. Pop. 35,719.
`-
`
`5.“.
`
`,
`-
`3? eiqoggorr$1,-l:E,,1,£,
`'
`ariigd fvcmamn
`soda] gatherin
`w]1,;,g-5 Purpoi
`mo") “,1, _°ned _
`. S-Ce SW5 at am;
`-
`
`1“
`
`'
`
`"
`
`-
`
`'
`
`pgfallfl‘-H
`_
`_
`‘
`g in low spirits.
`;
`3 “M. (ch._~,P,v;_t9E
`‘IE Cwpffley Chapte‘
`l‘ _la-In rchgplfin) ,z_
`£5 5‘:-hapclv 2_a_ Amemr
`(es for an 1-“Smut
`_d I who is con
`eu:1.E,}:,5e},o1d_ 3,
`_
`"inch m: the at-mcdj
`-Med Lat Capeflfi
`- "ha ,«'|a;n'.,_-y, chap
`leg rchiprjm ya,
`2 Ram. Crtth. ca a.
`0 Hail Ma,.yS_ b_ The
`- mg of beads,
`[ME
`W'em§,_ 5,36 cmu:5_su_]
`mg-P-.1,-n (ch§_Pr1j_u)_ 5;
`;iy_ B,-iU‘_5h.bgm act.
`;
`tramp in baggy t
`chap man lchép’manl
`' air. A dealer or in
`'
`trade; see Cl-!EA1' + mt
`chap-man lcliéipfmon),
`d dramatist noted f
`pljqan, John, “John;
`"ear who was legend:
`'
`.
`Va|]¢V_
`"maps" (chaps, ships) )7.
`5ga[" worn over ordin;
`heir legs. [Short for
`5 aparral, See cnamrm
`'ap.Stjc|( (ch5P)_ A gr;
`mm for the preventinr
`' ctgapi-ter (chaplterj n.
`(rely lengthy piece 0
`_ urnbered or titled. 2. .
`A local branch of a
`nity. -4. Eccles. a. Ar
`. all the members of a r
`‘hutch or the member:
`'
`
`'
`
`‘
`
`_
`
`-
`
`_
`
`if rrrput, head. See kai
`chapter house 2:. 1. A
`hutch or religious resi
`haptcr of a fraternii
`_
`,1 exico; site 0
`I
`Clriyipulgitejpec lcha-pr‘
`.1347) during the Mexi
`char‘ (char) II. charred. I
`'5ll1'l€|C€
`Qf; scorch. 2.
`_ cmplete combustion
`lfitcpnic reduced [0 car:
`. Elflnte. [Back-forniatioi
`.€_h3l'z-
`3-150 chaff (chiir)
`‘
`'
`5.l‘3F"5- IAU)’
`S6V6Eal
`‘W3 “at .A
`' mar’ (EMF) chiefly 5*
`Fred. char-ring. ch:
`..
`a‘°c:b%f Wgltlk < OE ca
`*'-
`arter.
`..
`3'l3iil'lC (sh§rl'a—b;‘u
`"E b'-15- [< Ft. chm’
`'l'_bfl77¢f. hem-'h€S
`--
`_aLa'Cl1:l lkarla-sin) 3.
`'_ ill. C-Ijarrrciuidae,
`f
`"l""l‘s 1 kugd of fish.
`-
`3
`15““8“15
`g;;:fe‘st§: (tl<7c:\ir";_:l<-tor)}
`"glen Z. A disringuis
`ml". “alt “ EFOUP. Or 3
`”’ a””b"“.e dam“
`-
`éorfll 01' ethical strr
`,0;
`“E5: trait?» Of flhll
`-§m:l°‘“P5‘5flCY and dl‘-‘Pl
`I-m:fj'n:mPl0YfC;_a reg
`-
`; WP“ 3t1°fl-
`‘
`mila Ear ‘i"*H'k“‘?W1'l PE
`$1-1°. 15 PECU-hall 0’ ‘
`d f'5“C piece, such as
`“‘‘m- 11- A mark
`
`'
`
`

`
`tr...
`An intermittent kiln
`
`H
`
`(fitypgshfj n., pl: killifish or--fish-es. Anv of nu—
`“.fi5[-[es of the family Cyprinodontidae, including
`and mosquito fish, inhabiting chiefly fresh and
`"ms in warm regions. [Perh. KILLZ + nsn.]
`fig; ,1, 1. lvlurclct; homicide. Z. A loll; a quarry.
`iarge Profit: made a killing on the market. wadj.
`£150]; apt to kill; fatal. 2. Thoroughly exhausting: a
`,- Informal. Hilarious. — killiing-ly. adv.
`.
`:",i_i) ,.,_ One who spoils the fun of others.
`sports. A shot in various games, esp. racquet games,
`placed that it cannot be returned.
`-y,i'n'.,;,;), (Alfred) Joyce. 1336-1918. Amer. poet
`kl-;a~.».:n work is “Trees” (1913).
`,.Any of various ovens for hardening, burning,
`-551"-arlces such as grain, meal, or clay, esp. a brick—
`5'ed.ro bakc or fire ceramics. — rm». kilned. kiln-
`0_p[0CESS in one of these ovens. [ME feline < OF.
`gulfml, kitchen, stove. Sec pel(“’-".[
`‘I pl‘. -105. 1. A kilogram. Z. A kilometer.
`Em hohsand (103): kilowatt.
`[FL < Gk. lahilioi,
`Ce gheslo-*.l
`_
`§;_1[r;—blt’) 71. Comp. Sci. 1. A unit of information
`1,024 :2”) bits. 2. One thousand bits.
`“[r3.b{:’) it. Comp. Sci. 1. A unit of measurement
`-mm-Y capacity of a computer, equal to 1,024 (lw)
`i_-thousand bytes.
`'
`tie‘ [l(El"a—kal";i-ré) It. See calorie 3-a.
`'“[-'::-lcyo‘or-E‘, -lcycfiflré) it. One thousand cu—
`
`.
`
`-
`
`(k‘1'l'la~si'kal) #1. Kilohertz.
`(kills-gous’) H. A unit of Inognetic induction
`,'()U0 (103) gauss.
`kIl';;—gr§m’) 11.
`‘I. The base unit of mass in the
`gal System, equal to 1.000 grams (22046 pounds).
`easurement. 2. Kilogram force.
`e :2. See calorie 3a.
`area; rt. A force equal to a kilogram weight or a
`gun-lass times the acceleration of gravity.
`-1!hE'tel‘ (l<.ll'o-grim-mE’tar) :1. A unit of Work in
`onal system, equal to the work performed by a one-
`Ce acting through a distance of one meter.
`ldlla-hurts’) n. A unit of frequency equal to
`'
`_
`_E[-(
`iomll-tar, liilla-mE’tur) 11. A metric 11nit of
`to 1,000 meters (0.62 mile). See table at meas-
`E'o-rnetfric (l<.Tl’a-métlrilrl adj.
`fa-tun’) rt. 1. A unit of weight or capacity equal
`Z. An explosive force equivalent to that of
`_-ic tons of TNT.
`kills-Wot’) n. A unit of power equal to 1,000
`._
`our (kills-Wot-our’) n. A unit of electric power
`ork done by one kilowatt acting for one hour.
`. A knee-length skirt with deep pleats, usu. of a
`lJl,'WGrn as part of the dress for men in the Scottish
`Asimilar skirt worn by women, girls, and boys.
`.l(i]t-ing. kllts. To ruck up (something) around
`_
`l<'lzilI, to tuck up < ME kilten, of Scand. orig]
`El 11. Good condition, proper form.
`[?]
`EY"ll<iTII’h91'—lé). A city of central South Africa
`Bloenifontein; founded 1871. Pop. 70,920,
`3-ll<lm'h21'wlIt") :1. A rock formation in South Af-
`_ ng Peridotite,
`in which diamonds are formed.
`EjILEY.] —kim’ber-litfic (—l'ntfll<) adj.
`mil‘ lkim-boEinFdo‘o) 7:. Sec Mburlclu 4.
`l<'
`0'59, -no) 21., pi. -nos. 1. A long wideesleeved
`rhlcc dress worn with an obi and often elabo—
`ted. 2. A loosc robe worn chiefly by women. L].
`mono, object]
`(used with a pl. 1/.) One.’s relatives; family; kin—
`_l€lns|:uan or lcinswoman. — adj. Related; akin. [ME
`‘IN 568 gena-*.]
`"ff. Little one: dcviikiir.
`-
`'
`Mpl. kina or -nas. See table at currency. [ln-
`Qltird In Papua New Guinc-a.l
`' H153’. -H512’,
`l<_iu’§s’, 52.’) mt. Any of various ene
`talyle the transfer of a phosphate group from a
`3,5 ADP, to an acceptor.
`[i<m(s'r1c) + —Asa.l
`h"fd_£l-
`l‘«'il'lCl'El', kind-est. 1. Of a friendly, generous,
`“Tied nilturc. 2. Sympathetic or understanding;
`.
`- Bumanc; considerate. 4. Horbearing; tolerant.
`mi 111351-‘Ell. G. Agreeable, beneficial.
`[M E, natural,
`_ Sefyfldc, natural. See gene-"‘.]
`'
`1. A group of individuals linked by traits held
`' A Particular variety; a sort. 3. Fundamental
`ggjfharacter as a determinant of the class to which a
`“E3; uature or essence. 4. A doubtful or borderline
`Elven Category: built :1 kind of sr':ic.lte'r. 5. Ar—
`er" ‘idioms. all Kinds of. Informal. Plenty of;
`-.nd' 1- with produce or conunodities rather than
`2- in the same manner or With an equivalent.
`
`,
`
`_
`
`[Ml-1_. prob. < MDu.
`
`'
`
`3
`
`~
`
`'
`
`.
`
`:. Slang. 1. Something suitable on[),_.f
`ling very easy or uncompl_icated_
`\ City of N Germany on Klel Ba_y_ an
`5 chartered 1242. Pop. 245,751.
`.
`_
`(kil-balsa, 1021-) 72. A spicy smoked pd,
`iasa < East and West Slav.
`‘larllbasa <
`grilled cutlct < Turkic Iaiil basil‘ ; kg‘,
`)r€SS€L1
`(meat) [< basmaq. to press)_]
`also liord-Dst-see Ka-nal
`-(niirt-éstfz
`:1] wateiway, 98.1 km (61 mi), of N G
`e North Sea with the Baltic Sea; built‘
`El-'tsE). A City of SE-central Poland_§j_
`.173. Pop. 200,500.
`'
`lard (kIrl'ki—gz'ird", —gor’), Staten A3
`ligious philosopher and precursor of m
`whose works include Eitl7crlOr (18433
`hr (kél'zal—goor') rs. Soc diatomite. [G5
`leblillfi (< MHGer.
`iaisel < OHGer. clii
`ment, earthy deposit from Water (<
`1d of MHGcr.;iEsan < OHGer.,ar1dM]-E
`0 ferment < Ol-lGer. fcrian; see yes!
`! (kelze-tit’) n. A whitish to yellow;
`n sulfate mineral,
`.'\rlgSO,;-H10, four:
`er Dietrich Georg Kieser (1'.'~"79a1gg
`]
`-
`.
`_
`éf,
`-Ev, kyefyif). The cap. of Ukra
`part‘ on the Drueper R.; center of thefi
`. 2,448,000.
`also kef(lref,l<e£,l<2'1f) .1. 1. snm1<a..g'..._.,
`hemp, used esp.
`in the Magllrcb. 2 I},
`smoking kif. [An kayf,
`leaf. pleasure,
`¥ga'l'lé, ké~). The cap. of Rwanda, in the
`Kivu. Pop. 156,700.
`. Ofifcnsii/a Slang. Used as a disparaging
`5 (l<e—k1;~i!ri:Es). See Cyclades.
`-_
`(lce—k6ng'go) :2. See Kongo 2.
`l(lvl(O7)’YffiJ) also Gi-ku-.yl.1 (g'i—l(r)7)l!ym§
`‘L15 also Glkuyu or -yus. 1. A melnberrif
`d southern Kenya. 2. Their Bantu lari "
`(ké’lou—al'a). An active volcanic crater
`rlatma 1.09. in S-central Hawaii I.
`.
`(ki_lFtlar—l<irl) rt. 1. A cask. 2. An obsti
`if capacity equal to about 13 gallons‘
`tarion of MFlem. laindarlein (var. of
`1tel,.‘qm‘r:tlcin, quintal (< Med.I_at.-q
`-
`-kijri, dim. suff.]
`-
`Em’, kilflml 11. A tapestry-woven Tut
`lie with geometric design: in rich hr"
`Pers. giIz'm.]
`‘ja'l'O (kil’o-man-jiirfol, Mount. A‘
`lfllfl near the Kenya border rising
`aks to 5,898.? m (19,340 ft).
`killed. kill-ing. Kills. — tr.
`‘La. Topu
`rive of life: The Black Death killed lmll
`d to-, extinguish. 3.a. To destroy a vi
`b_- To cause to cease operating; turn of
`etely; exhaust. 4. To pass (time) in ail1'.l__
`some entirely, finish off. 5. To cause '6
`fort to. 7. To mark for deletion; flllel.
`ssagc of; veto. 9. Informal. To overwh
`lsure, or admiration. 10. Sports. 5-
`force. 1]. To hit (a ball) with SlJCl1f0fl'-'C_
`inposséblc, esp.
`in a racquet game '
`th or extinction; be fatal. 2. To com
`re act of killing. 2.a. An animal lcilled;'E5
`person killed or to be killed. c. An e_
`missile that Has been attacked anfl:
`A kill shot. —phra.-sat verb. kill off. T9
`numbers as to render extinct. —.‘£llQ{!1r
`ill. Present at the inoment of triumph
`)E tcyllrm. See gwele-*.]
`New York State. See creek 1. See B
`. run. [Du leil < MDn. hilla]
`-
`(kl-larfné), Lakes of. Three small lak '
`the market town of Killarney (pop. 7,
`.ilFdir') 11., pl.
`lrllldeer or —deBl‘5. A-_'_
`Earadrius iiuciferus) having 5' distlljlcl-IV
`laclc bands across its breast. [Prob.1I1‘l.\_
`-1611’). A city of central TX SW of W“?
`t. 63,535.
`'
`ar) :1. 1. One that kills. 2. Slang. 59-
`fficulr to deal with or withstand.
`. -Sce Afrlcanized bee.
`'
`.-
`A large differentiated '1' cell that a