Europaisches Patentamt
`European Patent Office
`Office europeen des brevets
`
`© Publication number:
`
`0 4 9 9 0 1 2 A 2
`
`EUROPEAN PATENT A P P L I C A T I O N
`
`© Application number: 91810977.8
`977.8
`
`@> int. CI* H04M 1/72, H04M 1 1/06
`
`@ Date of filing: 13.12.91
`
`® Priority: 13.02.91 US 654541
`
`@ Date of publication of application:
`19.08.92 Bulletin 92/34
`
`© Designated Contracting States:
`AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE
`
`© Applicant: OIS OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEMS,
`Inc.
`1896 Barrett Street
`Troy, Michigan 48084(US)
`
`@ Inventor: Yaniv, Zvi
`
`30257 High Valley Road
`Farmington Hills, Michigan 48331 (US)
`Inventor: Hoffman, Robert
`5015 Caraway Street
`Sterling Heights, Michigan 4831 0(US)
`Inventor: Catchpole, Clive
`31050 Stafford Drive
`Birmingham, Michigan 4801 0(US)
`
`© Representative: Kugele, Bernhard et al
`c/o NOVAPAT-CABINET CHEREAU 9, Rue du
`Valais
`CH-1202 Geneve(CH)
`
`© Portable, compact voice and data telecommunications apparatus.
`
`© Disclosed is a portable, compact telecommuni-
`cations system (1) adapted to send and receive
`information in either voice or facsimile fashion. The
`telecommunications system can transmitted and re-
`ceive information over the standard or mobile tele-
`phone networks, and stores received facsimile in-
`formation in on board memory devices (926), while
`displaying the message on a information display
`(920).
`
`CM
`<
`CM
`
`Rank Xerox (UK) Business Services
`
`TCL EXHIBIT 1009
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`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention generally relates to an
`apparatus adapted to receive and transmit voice
`and facsimile data. The present invention more
`particularly relates to a portable, compact tele-
`communications apparatus intended to transmit, re-
`ceive, store, display and archive data and image
`information and transmit and receive voice informa-
`tion over either the switched telephone network or
`through the cellular telephone network. As the in-
`stant device is portable and compact, it is battery
`operated for operation in locations remote from
`standard electric power sources, and is integrally
`housed in a low profile, ergonomic case.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`The transmission and receipt of information,
`voice, graphic and text, has become an integral
`part of the way increasing numbers of people con-
`duct their business and personal affairs. Mobile
`telephone service has only recently become readily
`accessible to the general public. This accessibility
`has greatly increased the efficiency of managing
`information flow by allowing individuals to commu-
`nicate during drive times which were heretofore
`unproductive. This accessibility has also opened up
`the possibility of transmitting and receiving fac-
`simile information to and from remote locations, not
`having standard telephone service.
`However, while portable cellular telephone de-
`vices have only recently become truly compact
`and portable, facsimile machine while arguably por-
`table, can be by no means considered compact.
`Moreover, there has heretofore been no device
`which incorporates both voice and facsimile com-
`munications capabilities into a single light weight,
`low profile housing easily fitting into a brief case or
`automobile glove compartment. Additionally, the in-
`dividual facsimile machines heretofore known in the
`field have not possessed easily removable memory
`means for use in other office systems.
`Accordingly, there is and has been a need for
`an integrated voice and facsimile transmission and
`receiving telecommunications system which is light
`weight, low profile and easily portable, which has
`not been addressed by the devices known in the
`prior art.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`The shortcomings of the prior art are obviated
`by the portable, compact voice and facsimile in-
`formation
`telecommunications system disclosed
`herein and adapted to communicate over the pub-
`lic, switched telephone network and the cellular
`telephone network. The system is adapted to be
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`used as a normal telephone for voice messages
`and to transmit and receive facsimile images. As
`the device is portable and compact, it is battery
`operated and is small enough to be easily carried
`in a brief case. It is to be understood by compact
`and portable, it is intended that the telecommunica-
`tions system have dimensions of approximately 15
`inches by 5 inches by 2 inches and weigh less
`than about 5 lbs. While the telecommunications
`system is small and portable, it comprises a num-
`ber of components critical to its unique operation.
`The telecommunications system consists of
`several major components which each contribute to
`the operation of the device. The first such compo-
`nent is a scanning mechanism for digitizing in-
`formation, i.e., for providing electrical signals repre-
`sentative of an image having light and dark or
`multi-colored portions carried on an image bearing
`member. In practice, this component will digitize
`information, either graphic or text, which will be
`subsequently sent in facsimile form.
`In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the
`scanning mechanism is a thin film image scanning
`device, such as a contact image sensor, which
`comprises an array of at least one column of light
`sensitive elements disposed upon a substrate. The
`light sensitive elements can be, for example,
`photovoltaic cells or photoresistors formed of de-
`posited semiconductor material such as an amor-
`phous silicon alloy. The thin film scanning device
`typically further includes a light source for illu-
`minating portions of the image bearing member
`immediately adjacent to the device for detecting
`the differences in the light, dark or color portions of
`the image thereon. The image scanning device
`may further include an optical element, such as a
`selfoc lens so as refine device resolution.
`The second major component of the telecom-
`munications system is a display device, which is
`adapted to perform at least two functions; to op-
`erate as a dynamically varying control panel for
`operator interaction with the system; and to display
`is 1)
`information, either graphic or text, which
`scanned into the system either by the scanning
`45 mechanism 2) which is received by facsimile trans-
`mission; or 3) which is stored in the memory de-
`vice, described
`in greater detail hereinafter. In
`practice, the display is typically selected from the
`group including cathode ray tubes, liquid crystal
`displays, active matrix liquid crystal displays, pas-
`sive displays, electroluminescent displays, gas
`plasma displays, and displays employing twisted
`nematic or supertwist liquid crystal material.
`Integrally formed with the display is the third
`55 major component of the telecommunications de-
`vice; a transparent, touch sensitive control panel.
`The control panel, which can be, for example a thin
`membrane touch sensitive switch panel or a solid
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`state touch sensitive position sensor, overlays the
`display for inputting information into the telecom-
`munications system in response to the prompts
`displayed by the dynamically varying display.
`Included in the telecommunications system is a
`modem integrated circuit and associated interfaces
`for effecting communication with the general tele-
`phone network, either through a direct access ar-
`rangement or through the mobile cellular network.
`In practice, the modem integrated circuit performs
`the protocol conversions which enable the tele-
`communications system to communicate with other
`facsimile machines.
`The fifth major component of the instant sys-
`tem is one or more long-term memory devices for
`storing information 1) received by the system; 2)
`information scanned into the system by the thin
`film image scanning device; and 3) information
`programmed into the system through the touch
`sensitive control panel. It is also contemplated that
`with sufficient on-board memory, voice information
`may also be stored. In a preferred embodiment,
`the memory device is erasable, programmable and
`that
`information stored
`removable memory so
`therein can be taken from the system and input
`into other devices such as a laser printer so as to
`print a hard copy of the information stored therein,
`or into a personal computer so that the stored
`information can be accessed and manipulated or
`printed. In a further preferred embodiment, the
`memory device is a serial access random access
`memory. In a second and equally preferred em-
`bodiment, the memory device is a flash memory
`card.
`The system further includes a compression
`expansion engine integrated circuit for quickly per-
`forming the algorithms required to transmit and
`receive compressed information in communication
`with another facsimile machine. Of course each of
`the above-referenced components requires control
`and coordination instructions in order to operate as
`a fully integrated telecommunications system. This
`function is satisfied by the inclusion in the system
`of a microprocessor control circuit having a real
`time clock and associated memory. This micropro-
`cessor circuit is a standard circuit of the type well
`known in the art.
`As the system is intended to be small, com-
`pact and easily transportable, each of the above-
`recited elements
`is
`into an er-
`incorporated
`gonomically designed housing. This housing
`is
`adapted to allow the image scanning device to
`operate as a hand held scanner. This is accom-
`plished by having via or a slit formed through the
`housing on the side thereof opposite the scanner
`so that the housing may be moved over an image
`bearing member to scan the image present there-
`on. As the system is intended to provide for easy,
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`hands-free operation, it may further include a voice
`recognition integrated circuit to allow for voice ac-
`tivated operation.
`As can be discerned from the description of
`telecommunications
`the
`provided
`system
`hereinabove, the system does not include a printer
`mechanism
`integrally associated therewith. This
`has the advantage of eliminating the size, weight
`and power constraints imposed by such a mecha-
`nism. Additionally, the problems associated with
`paper handling and storage are eliminated. The
`power requirements are of particular importance, as
`the device is intended to be compact and portable,
`thus demanding a light weight, low profile device.
`Rather than using a printer mechanism, images
`stored in the telecommunications system are view-
`ed on the display provided. These images can be
`converted into hard copy in at least two ways; first,
`the system can directly interface with a printer
`through a standard printer connection, and can thus
`be instructed through the control panel to output a
`stored image; or the memory device itself can be
`removed, as in the case of a flash memory card,
`and inserted into any computer with the appro-
`priate software, so as to be printed out on the
`associated printer. Of course these images could
`also be used as input files for word processing or
`similar programs. Similarly, information generated
`on a computer and stored on the flash memory
`card could be used as the input file to be subse-
`quently sent out by facsimile from the telecom-
`munications system.
`As the telecommunications system is adapted
`to operate in several distinct operating modes, op-
`eration must be controlled by the touch sensitive
`switch or control panel. This panel can be used for
`every operation of the device from selecting the
`operating mode to dialing the desired phone num-
`ber. The simplest operation of the device is its use
`as a telephone for voice communication. A micro-
`phone and speaker are provided in the device and
`either hand-held or speaker phone operation can
`be selected. Additionally, the system is adapted to
`be voice actuated, i.e., respond to the voice com-
`45 mands of the operator. Provision is also made to
`accommodate
`automatic
`of
`dialing
`pre-pro-
`grammed telephone numbers, and transmission of
`previously stored facsimile images. Further, when
`the operator is not present, the telecommunications
`system can be put into an automatic mode in
`which incoming messages, primarily facsimile, will
`be stored in the memory. Such stored messages
`can then be retrieved at the operators leisure and
`restored, if desired, for later printing.
`As the telecommunications system places a
`premium on light weight and portability, it is neces-
`sary to reduce the power requirements and thus
`avoid the need for a large battery. The battery
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`power source provided is made appropriate for
`each of the components by an efficient, integrated
`switching circuit. Power is supplied to each of
`these components for the absolute minimum time
`required for that component to accomplish its func-
`tion. In this regard, the microprocessor includes a
`reduced function mode to conserve power and the
`flash card memory does not require a battery to
`preserve information stored thereon. A small long-
`life battery can be provided to power the real-time
`clock and the memory of the microprocessor. Oth-
`erwise, the telecommunications system is powered
`by a rechargeable battery pack, or one or more
`non-rechargeable batteries. Of course, the system
`is adapted to run off of standard household cur-
`rents.
`These and other advantages and objects of the
`telecommunications system of the instant invention
`will be detailed in the following paragraphs.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`Figure 1 is a perspective view of the telecom-
`munications system of the instant invention, in-
`cluding a display and voice communication
`means;
`Figure 2 is a partial side view, partially in cross
`section, of a thin film image scanning device of
`the type employed in the instant invention;
`Figure 3 is a top plan view of the thin film
`contact image scanning device of Figure 2;
`Figure 4 is a perspective view of a touch sen-
`sitive position sensor of a type usable in the
`telecommunications system of Figure 1 ;
`Figure 5 is a cross-sectional side view of a
`liquid crystal display of the type usable in the
`telecommunications system of Figure 1 ;
`Figure 6 is a top plan view as seen along lines
`6-6 of Figure 5;
`Figure 7 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrat-
`ing the equivalent circuit of the liquid crystal
`display of Figure 5;
`Figures 8a and 8b are perspective, partially ex-
`ploded, partially cutaway illustrations of an in-
`tegrated touch sensitive position sensor and dis-
`play; and
`Figure 9 is a block diagram illustrating the rela-
`tionship between the various components of the
`instant telecommunications system.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`
`The telecommunications system of the instant
`invention allows, for the first time, the integration of
`a number of information transmitting and receiving
`input/output elements so as to provide for a truly
`telecommunication
`compact,
`system. Referring
`now to Figure 1, there is illustrated therein the
`
`compact, portable telecommunication system 1 of
`the instant invention. The telecommunications sys-
`tem 1, includes a number of different components
`integrated into a single compact, portable package.
`in
`Each discrete component will be discussed
`greater detail hereinbelow. The telecommunication
`system 1 includes a contact-type document scan-
`ner 2 integrated into the telecommunication sys-
`tem's housing 3. As may be appreciated from a
`perusal of Figure 1, the document scanner 2 is
`designed so as to traverse, for example, the entire
`width dimension of an image bearing member,
`such as a standard sheet of paper. The document
`scanner 2 digitizes the image carried on the image
`bearing member for transmittance per standard
`facsimile transfer (either cellular or standard tele-
`phone line).
`The telecommunication system 1 further in-
`cludes a touch-sensitive display 4 integrated into
`the housing 3. The touch-sensitive display 4 is
`adapted to be a dynamically varying display to
`provide for menu-driven operation of the various
`functions of the telecommunications system, as
`well as being adapted to display incoming and/or
`stored
`Incoming facsimile
`facsimile messages.
`messages are also stored in an on-board memory
`device (not shown) of the kind known in the art.
`Accordingly, incoming facsimile messages can be
`received on the display 4 and stored in the device
`by the telecommunication system user. Important
`messages can then be subsequently recalled from
`memory so as to make hard copies by down
`loading the stored information via the printer inter-
`face 5. The printer interface 5 allows the tele-
`communication system 1 to communicate with a
`standard desktop facsimile machine or laser jet
`printer so as to provide for a printed copy of the
`fax message. Alternatively, the memory itself is
`removed from the telecommunications system 1,
`and inserted into a computer having appropriate
`software to input the information stored thereon.
`The telecommunication system 1 also includes
`telephone receiver 6a and transmitter 6b compo-
`nents to allow the telecommunication system 1 to
`operate as a telephone for voice communication.
`Accordingly, the system 1 includes a telecommuni-
`cation input/output plug 7 adapted to transmit and
`receive both analog (voice) and digital (data) in-
`formation from the standard wire accessed tele-
`phone network as well as through the mobile cel-
`lular telephone network. Finally, as the telecom-
`munication system 1 is meant to be portable, the
`system must include an on board power source.
`The power source (not shown) is a rechargeable
`battery of pack including, for example, one or more
`rechargeable cells such as , for example NiCad,
`metal hydride or lithium cells of the type know in
`the art. The battery pack includes a power input
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`port 8 adapted to allow the telecommunication sys-
`tem 1 to either recharge while not in use, or to run
`off of common sources of power such as are found
`in the home, office or standard automotive elec-
`trical systems.
`As one of the principle advantages of the in-
`stant telecommunication system 1 is portability, the
`system is designed to fit easily into brief cases, or
`portfolios while presenting a low profile, package
`which fits easily on a car dashboard, in the utility
`tray or in the glove compartment. Accordingly, it
`may be appreciated that the system 1 have dimen-
`sions of no more than, (and preferable less than)
`about 16 inches in length, 6 inches in width and 3
`inches in thickness, and less than about 5 lbs in
`overall weight.
`In order to gain an appreciation for the tele-
`communication system disclosed herein, it is help-
`ful to understand the individual components in-
`tegrated thereinto. Accordingly, each component is
`described in greater detail hereinbelow.
`
`A. CONTACT TYPE DOCUMENT SCANNER
`
`FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate a thin film image scan-
`ning device of the type typically employed in the
`present invention. The system 10 illustrated in FIG.
`2 generally includes an apparatus 12 capable of
`providing electrical signals representative of an im-
`age carried by an image-bearing member such as
`a document 14 disposed thereover, and a light
`source 16.
`The apparatus 12 includes a transparent sub-
`strate 18, a first set of X address lines including
`address lines 20, 22, and 24, a second set of Y
`address lines including address lines 26, 28, and
`30,and a plurality of light sensitive elements 32, 34,
`36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, and 48. The apparatus 12
`further includes an isolation device 50, 52, 54, 56,
`58, 60, 62, 64, and 66 associated with each light
`sensitive element, and, a transparent cover means
`68.
`
`As can be noted in FIG. 3 the X address lines
`20, 22, and 24 and the Y address lines 26, 28, and
`30 cross at an angle, and, as will be more apparent
`hereinafter, are spaced from one another to form a
`plurality of crossover points 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80,
`82, 84, and 86. Associated with each of the cros-
`sover points is a respective one of the light sen-
`sitive elements. The light sensitive elements 32-48
`are formed on the substrate 18 and are distributed
`thereover in spaced apart relation to form spaces
`88 between the light sensitive elements. The light
`sensitive elements 32-48 are further of the type
`which effect a detectable electrical characteristic in
`response to the receipt of light thereon. As will be
`more fully described hereinafter, the light sensitive
`elements 32-48 can comprise photovoltaic cells or
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`photoresistors which effect a detectable change in
`electrical conductivity in response to the receipt of
`incident light thereon. The light sensitive elements
`are preferably formed from a deposited semicon-
`ductor material, such as an amorphous semicon-
`ductor alloy. Preferably, the amorphous semicon-
`ductor alloy. Preferably, the amorphous semicon-
`ductor alloy includes silicon and hydrogen and/or
`fluorine. Such alloys can be deposited by plasma
`assisted chemical vapor deposition, i.e., glow dis-
`charge, as disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No.
`4,226,898 which issued on Oct. 7, 1980 in the
`names of Stanford R. Ovshinsky and Arun Madan
`for Amorphous Semiconductors Equivalent to Cry-
`stalline Semiconductors Produced By A Glow Dis-
`charge Process.
`Each of the isolating devices 50-66 is asso-
`ciated with a respective one of the light sensitive
`elements 32-48. The isolation devices are also
`preferably formed from a deposited semiconductor
`material, and most preferably, an amorphous semi-
`conductor alloy including silicon. The amorphous
`silicon alloy can also include hydrogen and/or flu-
`orine and can be deposited by plasma-assisted
`in the
`chemical vapor deposition as disclosed
`aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,226,898. As can be
`noted in FIG. 2, each of the isolation devices 50-66
`is coupled in series relation with its associated light
`sensitive element 32-48 between respective paris
`of the X address lines 20, 22, and 24 and the Y
`address lines 26, 28, and 30. As a result, the
`isolation devices facilitate the selective addressing
`and detection of the electrical conductivity of each
`of the light sensitive elements by the application of
`read potentials to respective pairs of the X an Y
`address lines.
`Referring now more particularly to FIG. 2 as
`can there be noted, the light source 16 comprises
`a plurality of individual light sources 90, 92, and 94.
`40 Associated with each of the sources 90, 92, and 94
`is a reflector 96, 98, and 100. The light sources 90,
`92, and 94 and the reflectors 96, 98, and 100 are
`arranged to provide diffuse light indicated by the
`arrows 102 which is projected onto the apparatus
`12 on the side of the substrate 18 opposite the
`light sensitive elements and the document 14 to be
`scanned. The document 14 is disposed adjacent a
`transparent cover 68 which includes a substantially
`planar surface 104. The document 14 includes at
`least one portion 106 of high optical density,
`hereinafter referred to as the dark portions of the
`document, and portions 108 which are low optical
`density, and are hereinafter referred to as the light
`portions of the document. The cover 68 is prefer-
`ably relatively thin so that the document 14 is
`closely spaced in juxtaposed relation to the light
`sensitive elements, such as the light sensitive ele-
`ments 44, 46, and 48 illustrated in FIG. 2 for
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`proximity focusing the image on document 14 onto
`the
`the
`light sensitive elements. Alternatively,
`image-bearing member may be spacedly disposed
`from the light sensitive elements, and the image on
`the image bearing member can be focused on the
`light sensitive elements by means of an optical
`elements such as a selfoc lens. The thickness of
`the cover 68 is chosen to give maximum useable
`signal consistent with a number of other variable
`parameters. These parameters include the angular
`distribution of the diffuse light intensity, the width of
`the light sensitive elements, and the spacing be-
`tween the light sensitive elements. Preferably, the
`thickness of the cover 68, the width of the light
`sensitive elements, and the spacing between the
`light sensitive elements are all of comparable di-
`mension.
`When the document is to be scanned, it is first
`placed adjacent the planar surface 104 of the trans-
`parent cover 68 so that the document is disposed
`in closely spaced juxtaposed relation to the light
`sensitive elements. Then, the light source 16 is
`energized for projecting the diffuse light 102 onto
`the back side of the apparatus 12. The diffuse light
`is hereby projected onto the surface of the docu-
`ment 14 adjacent the planar surface 14. In the dark
`portions 106 of the document 14, the light will be
`substantially absorbed so that very little of the light
`impinging upon the dark portions 106 will be re-
`flected back onto the light sensitive elements adja-
`cent thereto, for example, light sensitive elements
`44 and 46. However, the light striking the light
`portions 108 will not be substantially absorbed and
`a substantially greater portion of the light impinging
`upon the light portions 108 of the document will be
`reflected back onto the light sensitive elements
`adjacent thereto, such as light sensitive element
`48. The light sensitive elements adjacent the light
`portions 108 of the document will thereby effect a
`detectable change in their electrical conductivity.
`When the light sensitive elements are formed from
`photovoltaic cells, they will not only effect a change
`in electrical conductivity, but will also generate
`current. When the
`light sensitive elements are
`photoresistors, they will effect an increased elec-
`trical conductivity which can be detected by the
`application of read potentials to the respective pairs
`of the X address lines 20, 22, and 24, and the Y
`address lines 26, 28, and 30.
`Electrical signals representing a faithful repro-
`duction of the document 14 can be obtained be-
`cause the light sensitive elements 32-48 can be
`made very small. For example, the light sensitive
`elements can be made to have dimensions of
`approximately 90 microns on a side. The isolating
`devices 50-66 can be formed to have a dimension
`of about 10-40 microns on a side and preferably 20
`microns on a side. Also, the light sensitive ele-
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`ments 32-48 can be spaced apart so that they
`cover only a portion of the substrate 12 to permit
`the light to be projected onto the document to be
`scanned. For example, the light sensitive elements
`can be spaced so that they cover about 25-50% of
`the overall surface area of the substrate 18. Also,
`the light sensitive elements can be arranged in
`substantially coplanar relation so that each will be
`equally spaced from the document to be scanned.
`io Although FIG. 3 illustrates a 3 x 3 matrix of light
`sensitive elements, it can be appreciated that a
`much larger array of elements would be required in
`actual practice for scanning a document.
`in accor-
`The electrical characteristic, and,
`dance with this preferred embodiment, the elec-
`trical conductivity of the light sensitive elements
`can be detected by applying read potentials to
`respective pairs of the X and Y address lines in
`series, and one at a time. However, and most
`preferably, the light sensitive elements can be di-
`vided into groups of elements and the read poten-
`tials can be applied to each group of elements in
`parallel to facilitate more rapid scanning of the
`document. Within each group of elements, the ele-
`25 ments can be scanned in series.
`Further, electrical signals can be provided
`which represent the color hues of an image. For
`example, each of the light sources 96, 98, and 100
`can include three separate light sources each be-
`ing arranged to emit light of a different primary
`color of red, green, and blue. To generate the
`electrical signals representative of the color hues of
`the image, the image-bearing member 14 can be
`sequentially exposed to red, green, and blue light.
`35 During each exposure, the light sensitive elements
`can be addressed. For example, when the docu-
`ment 14 is exposed to the red light, those image
`portions thereof which include a red color compo-
`nent will reflect red light onto the light sensitive
`elements adjacent thereto. T