VWGoA - Ex. 1005
`Volkswagen Group of America, Inc., Petitioner
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jan. 14,1992
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`Sheet 1 of46
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`SYSTEM FOR INTEGRATING A CELLULAR
`TELEPHONE WITH A VEHICLE SECURITY
`SYSTEM
`
`This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.
`07/345,654, filed 5-1-89, (Abandoned) entitled “System
`for Integrating a Cellular Telephone With a Vehicle
`Security System”.
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention relates to cellular telephone
`systems, automobile security systems and associated
`apparatus.
`~
`Cellular telephone usage has grown rapidly in recent
`years out of a recognition of the value of ambulatory
`voice and data communication capabilities. There has
`been an associated growth in products and services
`related to the cellular telephone. Many manufacturers
`have introduced and continue the introduction of a
`myriad of cellular telephones with varied features, func-
`tions and protocols. Presently, with an appropriate in-
`terface, a cellular telephone may be interconnected to a
`facsimile machine, an answering machine, or an autodi-
`aler to name a few. While the capability of the typical
`cellular telephone system has grown, cellular tele-
`phones have not heretofore been adequately adapted to
`enhance the security of the host vehicle. This task has
`remained almost exclusively in the province of vehicle
`security systems.
`Vehicle security systems have been available for a
`longer period of time relative to cellular telephones.
`Nonetheless, vehicle security systems have also grown
`in capability and sophistication in recent years. For
`example, systems currently on the market provide for
`remote arming and disarming of the alarm, locking and
`unlocking of the vehicle’s doors, controlling the win-
`dows, or opening the trunk. An exemplary security
`system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,887,064. How-
`ever, the remote capability of a typical conventional
`security system is limited. These remote controls have a
`typical operating range of less than one hundred yards
`since they generally rely on a radio or infrared link of
`very limited range. Further, these systems generally
`provided simple on, off, or status indications, yet there
`are many situations that require a broader, more versa-
`tile, and more powerful communication link.
`U.S. Pat. Nos. Re 32,856, reissued Feb. 7, 1989, to
`Millsap et al.; 4,809,316 issued Feb. 28, 1989,
`to
`Namekawa; and 4,821,309,
`issued Apr. 11, 1989,
`to
`Namekawa show systems integrating cellular telephone
`systems with alarm systems. Millsap’s system is adapted
`to provide an alarm system for protected premises at a
`fixed location and is therefore not applicable to vehicle
`protection. The Namekawa systems require the use of a
`proprietary cellular telephone system and therefore do
`not allow for use with cellular telephones manufactured
`by others. Thus, none of the large variety of cellular
`telephone systems already installed in vehicles will
`readily accept the system described in U.S. Pat. Nos.
`4,809,316 and 4,821,309.
`Thus, there is a need in the art for a versatile cellular
`security system which is compatible with a wide variety
`of cellular telephones.
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`The need in the art is addressed by the present inven-
`tion which provides a system that interfaces between a
`
`2
`variety of vehicle security systems and most cellular
`communication systems whether already sold and in-
`stalled in vehicles or yet to be marketed. The system
`includes a system controller and an interfacing arrange-
`ment. The interfacing arrangement includes a first li-
`brary, stored in memory, having a plurality of unique
`translation tables corresponding to the protocols of a
`plurality of unique cellular communication systems.
`The interfacing arrangement further includes an initial-
`izing capability for selecting an operating protocol for
`the interfacing system from the first
`library means
`which is compatible with the protocol of the cellular
`communication system. The library may be updated by
`adding to it the protocol of new cellular communication
`systems as they become available. Hardware and soft-
`ware are included for interfacing the vehicle security
`system to the controller and for interfacing the control-
`ler to the vehicle. In a specific embodiment, the selec-
`tion of the desired cellular ‘telephone type or make is
`made from the keypad of the cellular telephone by
`spelling the telephone type in English via the telephone
`keypad’s buttons.
`Other features of the system include an ability to
`expand and "update the system’s library with a protocol
`of new types and models of cellular phones. The system
`further includes means for starting the vehicle engine
`and verifying the engine’s status from any direct dial
`telephone anywhere in the world. Another feature ena-
`bles the vehicle’s owner to telephone the vehicle once it
`has been discovered that the vehicle has been stolen and
`
`stop the engine. If the vehicle is being driven while the
`command to stop the engine is received, the command
`will be registered. However, the execution of the com-
`mand will take place only when the engine’s RPM or
`vehicle speed are below a preset level, at which point
`the engine will be disabled and the lights will flash. The
`system further includes means to electronically lock the
`telephone keypad preventing an intruder from inter-
`rupting or terminating ‘any incoming or outgoing com-
`mand or calls.
`'
`Another feature allows the owner to listen in or have
`a two-way voice communication with an intruder, even
`though the telephone’s handset is resting in its cradle.
`Another feature of the system enables the vehicle’s
`owner to call the system from any direct dial telephone
`in the world and program into the system either a pager
`number or a telephone number at which the owner can
`be reached and notified in case of intrusion into the
`vehicle.
`Another feature of the invention activates a naviga-
`tion system when the alarm is triggered and repeatedly
`transmits at certain time intervals over the communica-
`tion system the coordinates identifying the vehicle loca-
`tion.
`Another feature of the invention provides synthe-
`sized voice guiding and prompting for the operation
`and control of the system. Another feature of the inven-
`tion provides for programming through the cellular
`telephone keypad such features as entry delay, valet
`mode enabling, horn sounding and sound loudness con-
`trol. These and other features and advantages will be-
`come more apparent from the following description and
`claims.
`
`65
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`These and other features and advantages of the pres-
`ent invention will become more apparent from the fol-
`lowing detailed description of an exemplary embodi-
`
`48
`
`

`
`3
`ment thereof, as illustrated in the accompanying draw-
`ings, in which:
`FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of the system for
`integrating a communication system with a security
`system of the present invention.
`FIG. 2(a) is a top level flow diagram of the fore-
`ground routines of the program of the present inven-
`tion.
`
`FIG. 2(b) is a top level flow diagram of the back-
`ground routines of the program of the present inven-
`tion.
`
`10
`
`FIG. 3(a) is a flow diagram of the Initialization rou-
`tine of the program of the present invention.
`FIG. 3(b) is a flow diagram of the Telephone Set-Up
`subroutine called by the Initialization routine of the
`program of the present invention.
`FIG. 4(a) and 4(b) are flow diagrams of the State
`Control Module of the program of the present inven-
`tion.
`
`FIG. 4(c) through 401) are flow diagrams of the sub-
`routines called by the State Control Module of the
`program of the present invention.
`FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of the Idle foreground rou-
`tine of the program of the present invention.
`FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are flow diagrams of the Receive
`foreground routine of the program of the present inven-
`tion.
`'
`
`FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the Arm foreground
`routine of the program of the present invention.
`FIGS. 8(a) through 8(e) are flow diagrams of the
`Outgoing foreground routines of the program of the
`present invention.
`'
`FIGS. 9(a) through 9(1) are flow diagrams of the
`Program foreground routines of the program of the
`present invention.
`FIGS. 10(0) and l0(b) are flow diagrams of the Peri-
`odic Timer background routine of the program of the
`present invention.
`FIGS. 10(c) through l0(m) are flow diagrams of the
`subroutines called by the Periodic Timer background
`routine of the program of the present invention.
`FIG. l0(n) is a flow diagram of the tracking back-
`ground routine of the program of the present invention.
`FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of the Serial Telephone
`Receiver Buffer background routine of the program of
`the present invention.
`FIG. 12 is a flow diagram of the Tachometer back-
`ground routine of the program of the present invention.
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
`
`Illustrative embodiments and exemplary applications
`will now be described with reference to the accompa-
`nying drawings to disclose the advantageous teachings
`of the present invention.
`Hardware
`
`FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of the system for
`integrating a communication system with a security
`system of the present invention. In the preferred em-
`bodiment, the system 10 is adapted for use with a cellu-
`lar telephone system 12. The system 10 is interposed
`between the handset unit 14 and the transceiver 16 of
`the cellular telephone system 12. That is, the cable 18,
`which would ordinarily connect the handset 14 to the
`transceiver 12, is connected to a cable breakout or ter-
`minating strip 19. Cable breakout 19 includes relays and
`other switching elements for providing digital and
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`audio interfacing. A second cable 22 is connected be-
`tween the cable breakout 19 and the transceiver 16. The
`cables 18 and 22 are terminated at the cellular ends with
`connectors to fit various cellular telephone types. The
`transceiver 16 is connected to a conventional cellular
`telephone antenna 24. The cellular telephone communi-
`cation link passes through the system 10 unimpeded
`while the system 10 is idle. When the system 10 is ac-
`tive, it utilizes audio and digital signals from the cellular
`system 12 and generates audio and digital signals
`thereto.
`The system 10 includes a controller 20 which, in the
`preferred embodiment,
`is implemented with a micro-
`processor. As discussed below, the cable breakout 19
`provides interconnection of the cellular telephone sys-
`tem 12 to the controller 20 via plural interface units
`including a dual tone multiple frequency (DTMF) de-
`coder 26, a call-in-progress interface 28, an external
`telephone interface 30, and an external speech interface
`32. The DTMF decoder 26 is connected to the cable
`breakout 19. The DTMF decoder 26 is a commercially
`available device, such as a type CD22204 IC chip,
`which decodes touch tones from the cellular system 12.
`The call-in-progress interface 28 detects ringing, busy
`signals, etc. The call-in-progress interface 28 is also a‘
`commercially available device, such as a type NE5900
`IC chip. The external telephone interface unit 30 listens
`for audio in both directions, detects the telephone on/-
`off status, and provides access thereto for the controller
`20. The unit 30 also performs the functions of signal
`level conversion, buffering and filtering. The external
`telephone interface unit 30 also provides access for
`sending digital commands from the system 10 to the
`cellular transceivers so that the system 10 may com-
`mand operation of the telephone. An external speech
`interface 32 cooperates with a speech synthesizer 34 to
`provide audio from the synthesizer on command after
`receiving digital output from the controller 20. The
`external speech interface 32 also outputs to an external
`speaker (not shown). The external telephone and speech
`interfaces 30 and 32, respectively, and the speech syn-
`thesizer 34 are constructed using commercially avail-
`able devices.
`
`Inputs from a conventional vehicle security system
`13, from a host vehicle (not shown), and from a global
`positioning tracker (not shown) are received by the
`system controller 20 via level conversion and filtering
`circuits 36. As may be necessary for a particular input,
`the level conversion and filtering circuits 36 filter, con-
`vert from analog-to-digital, and adjust the level of the
`signals received from the vehicle and its security system
`in a manner well known to those of ordinary skill in the
`art. Thus, from the vehicle, the system controller 20 of
`the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 1 receives:
`1)
`TACH signal which indicates the rate of revolution of
`the engine or speed of the vehicle; 2) an IGNITION
`input which depends on the state of the vehicle ignition
`switch or accessories switches; 3) a DOOR TRIGGER
`input from the door switch which indicates whether it is
`open or closed; and 4) a HORN signal which represents
`the state of the horn relay of the vehicle. Likewise, from
`the security system, if any, the system controller 20
`receives ARM, SIREN and LED (light emitting diode)
`signals. Additionally, an input system 10 kill override
`exists so that a separate auto accessory designed by the
`assignee of this invention, a remote vehicle starter sys-
`tem, may work in conjunction with the system 10, while
`not interfering with or reducing the system 10 in any
`
`49
`
`

`
`5,081,667
`
`5
`way. This input allows the remote starter system to start
`the car while the system 10 prevents the ignition switch
`from doing so.
`The TACH signal may simply take the form of a
`signal indicating pulses from the ignition system coil or
`a spark plug. Alternative arrangements can provide
`tachometer or speedometer readout signals, for exam-
`ple.
`The tracking data input is provided by a global posi-
`tioning system (such as LORAN or TRAVELPILOT
`by Blaupunkt) so that, upon demand, e.g., when the
`security system is tripped or position data is requested
`by the user via a touchtone telephone, the system 10
`processes the tracking data (translates the electronic
`inputs to a location on a map using a lookup table or
`other suitable technique) and outputs its location via a
`voice synthesizer.
`'
`The external interface 38 performs a similar functions
`as the level conversion and filtering circuits 36. That is,
`the external interface 38 converts the digital (CMOS)
`signals, e.g., 5 volts, from the controller 20 to signal
`levels necessary for the vehicle and the cellular tele-
`phone system 12, e.g., 12 volts. Through the external
`interface,
`the
`controller
`20
`sends REMOTE
`STARTER signals to start the engine if the vehicle is so
`equipped; an ENGINE KILL signal to disable the en-
`gine; a HAZARD LIGHTS signal to activate the ha-
`zard lights; and a telephone ignition sense signal to
`activate and deactivate the cellular telephone system 12.
`The system 10 may be set up to send and receive other
`signals without departing from the scope of the inven-
`tion.
`The system 10 also includes a memory 40, a real time
`clock 42, and a power supply 44. The clock 42 has
`‘ battery backed-up memory in which engine kill status is
`stored to maintain the engine in a disabled state in the
`event the vehicle battery or power is removed from the
`system 10 and then reinstated. Other selected data is
`also locked up (stored in the clock memory) as required
`for operation of the system. Particularly, as discussed
`more fully below, the telephone type is stored in the
`clock memory:
`In the illustrative embodiment, the memory is imple-
`mented as a conventional programmable read-only
`memory or PROM. The PROM 40 also stores certain
`telephone specific codes as discussed more fully below.
`As discussed below, the operation of the system 10 is
`controlled by the controller 20 through the execution of
`a program 100 stored in the PROM 40. In the best
`mode, the program is written in assembly language.
`Software
`
`FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) provide top level flow diagrams
`of the program 100 of the present invention. The pro-
`gram includes a number of executive (foreground) rou-
`tines 110 shown in FIG. 2(a) and a number of utility
`(background) routines 120 shown in FIG. 2(b). The
`' executive routines 110 are selected by a State Control
`Module (STCM) 160 and include Idle 200, Receive 300,
`Arm 400, Program 500, and Outgoing 600 foreground
`routines. The utility routines 120 run in the background
`of the executive routines 110 and include periodic timer
`(TICK), serial telephone buffer (S10), and tachometer
`(TAK) subroutines 700, 800, and 900, respectively.
`As shown in FIG. 2(a), the program starts with an
`initialization routine 130. The initialization routine is
`shown in greater detail in FIG. 3(a). As is evident from
`FIG. 3(a), the initialization routine 130 includes dedi-
`
`6
`cated subroutines 134-150 (even numbers only), 151,
`and 152-156 (even numbers only) for setting up the
`program stack pointers (134); setting up RAM vector
`register (136); setting up configuration registers in the
`controller 20 (138); initializing timers, ports and random
`access memories (RAM) (140); initializing the speech
`synthesizer 34 (142);
`initializing the call-in-progress
`circuit 28 (144); initializing the external output buffer 38
`(146); initializing the real time clock 42 (148); setting up
`user programmable defaults (150); performing tele-
`phone set-up (discussed below) (151); setting the State
`Control Module (discussed below) in an idle state (152);
`and enabling interrupts (154) respectively.
`A particularly novel aspect of the invention is the
`provision of a library within which translation tables are
`provided for the protocols of a wide variety of specific,
`typically unique, cellular
`telephone communication
`systems. The telephone set-up subroutine 151 of the ‘
`initialization routine 130 selects an operation protocol
`for the interfacing system from the library which is
`compatible with the protocol of the host cellular com-
`munication system. Reference is now made to the Tele-
`phone Set-Up routine 151 illustrated in the flow chart of
`FIG. 3(b) for the following description of the telephone
`set-up process:
`I. First the system 10 is rapidly initialized to a known
`state at 1510 so that the user sees no transitory aberra-
`tions in the operation of the vehicle, telephone, and/or
`security system.
`2. Next at 1512, the system 10 checks to see if a tele- _
`phone is attached and turned on. If a telephone-on con-
`dition is detected, the system 10 assumes that the tele-
`phone type has been previously set and so jumps to 1526
`(step #6 below).
`3. At this point (1514), since the telephone-off condi-
`tion was detected, the system 10 prompts “Enter Your
`Cellular Telephone Type” 1516 via the speech synthe-
`sizer 34 and looks for a response from the telephone
`keypad. Since at this point, the system 10 does not know
`what telephone protocol to use and therefore does not
`know how to interpret telephone key codes, it looks
`only at the telephone DTMF tones for identification of
`each key, see 1518. Examples of legitimate entries are
`OKI6, equivalent to 6546 (for OKI model 600 series
`telephones) or NOVA, equivalent to 6682 (for all Nova-
`tel telephones).
`4. If no response is detected that matches any one of
`the telephone protocols currently in the library, after a
`pause of five seconds, the program goes back to Step #3
`(1514) above.
`5. When the system 10 detects a response that
`matches one of the library possibilities, it first stores the
`corresponding telephone type in the Real Time Clock
`nonvolatile memory at 1520 and then responds with the
`prompt “Entry Accepted” via the speech synthesizer 34
`at 1522.
`
`6. Next, at 1524, the pointers for the proper telephone
`library segment are set and at 1528 the timers and serial
`input/output routines are reinitialized (reconfigured)
`for the specific telephone type.
`7. The balance of the initialization routine is then
`
`processed at 1530.
`The above initialization telephone set-up process is
`necessary to identify the proper telephone type and key
`code library vector. However, once the program has
`identified the telephone to be used, it need not be set
`again, even if the system has been powered down and
`reset, until a different telephone type is to be used. To
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`45
`
`50
`
`‘
`
`55
`
`65
`
`50
`
`

`
`5,081,667
`
`7
`change telephone types, the existing telephone cable set
`is replaced with a set specific to the new telephone type
`and the telephone set-up procedure described above is
`followed.
`The initialization routine 130 then activates the State
`Control Module 160 (see FIG. 2(a). As shown in FIGS.
`4(a) and 4(b), the State Control Module 160 is the high-
`est of the executive level routines 110. It decides the
`mode or state of the system 10 by activating the appro-
`priate routine, e.g, Idle 200, Receiver 300, Arm 400,
`Program 500, and Outgoing 600. As shown in FIGS.
`4(a) and 4(1)), the State Control Module 160 begins by
`checking a data fresh flag at a decision point 164. Ini-
`tially, the flag is not set so the routine waits in a loop.
`Eventually, e.g., every 10 milliseconds, an interrupt or
`tick will be sent from the periodic timer 700. The con-
`troller 20 then executes the low level utilities, i.e., it
`takes care of the telephone, lights, reads and processes
`tracking data as necessary, updates utilities, status flags,
`etc. The controller 20 then sets a data fresh flag and
`returns to the STCM module 160. Now, with a fresh
`input data, the STCM module 160 then calls several
`dedicated subroutines to test for alarm tripped or panic
`state (166), to check LED diagnostics from the vehicle
`security system 13 (168), to check for a need for auto-
`matic shutdown after the user has inadvertently left the
`telephone activated (170), to execute a passive engine
`kill (172), and at 167 to call the SEC subroutine 167
`(FIG. 40:) to dete