·1· · · ·UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`·2· · · · BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`·3
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`·4· ·NISSAN NORTH AMERICA, INC.,)· IPR 2015-01508
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`·5· · · · · ·Petitioner,· · · · )· IPR 2015-01509,
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`·6· · · · · ·v.· · · · · · · · ·)· IPR 2015-01585,
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`·7· ·JOAO CONTROL & MONITORING· )· IPR 2015-01545,
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`·8· ·SYSTEMS, LLC,· · · · · · · )· Patent No.
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`·9· · · · · ·Patent Owner.· · · )· · ·6,542,076 B1
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`10· · · · · · · · ·- - - - - - - - - - -
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`11
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`12· · · · · · DEPOSITION OF DAVID A. MCNAMARA
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`13· · · · · · · · · · · · VOLUME I
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`14
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`15· · · ·CONFIDENTIAL PURSUANT TO PROTECTIVE ORDER
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`17· · · · · · · · · · ·March 15, 2016
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`23· ·Reported by:· Lori J. Goodin, RPR, CLR, CRR,
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`24· · · · · · · · ·Realtime Systems Administrator
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`25· ·Assignment No. 117082
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`·2· · · · BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`·3
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`·4· ·NISSAN NORTH AMERICA, INC.,)· IPR 2015-01508
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`·5· · · · · ·Petitioner,· · · · )· IPR 2015-01509,
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`·6· · · · · ·v.· · · · · · · · ·)· IPR 2015-01585,
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`·7· ·JOAO CONTROL & MONITORING· )· IPR 2015-01545,
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`·8· ·SYSTEMS, LLC,· · · · · · · )· Patent No.
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`·9· · · · · ·Patent Owner.· · · )· · ·6,542,076 B1
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`10· · · · · · · · ·- - - - - - - - - - -
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`11
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`12· · · · · · DEPOSITION OF DAVID A. MCNAMARA
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`13· · · · · · · · · · · · VOLUME I
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`14
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`15· · · ·CONFIDENTIAL PURSUANT TO PROTECTIVE ORDER
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`17· · · · · · · · · · ·March 15, 2016
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`23· ·Reported by:· Lori J. Goodin, RPR, CLR, CRR,
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`24· · · · · · · · ·Realtime Systems Administrator
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`25· ·Assignment No. 117082
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`·2· · · · · · · · The deposition of DAVID A. MCNAMARA
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`·3· ·was convened on Tuesday, March 15, 2016,
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`·4· ·commencing at 9:32 a.m., at the offices of
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`·5
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`·6· · · KILPATRICK TOWNSEND & STOCKTON LLP
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`·7· · · Suite 900
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`·8· · · 607 14th Street, Northwest
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`·9· · · Washington, D.C.· 20005
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`11· ·before Lori J. Goodin, Registered Professional
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`12· ·Reporter, Certified LiveNote Reporter, Certified
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`13· ·Realtime Reporter, Realtime Systems Administrator,
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`14· ·and Notary Public in and for the District of
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`15· ·Columbia.
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`·1· · · · · · · · · · · APPEARANCES
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`·2
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`·3· ·For Petitioner:
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`·4· · · SHAYNE E. O'REILLY, Esquire
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`·5· · · KILPATRICK TOWNSEND & STOCKTON LLP
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`·6· · · Suite 2800
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`·7· · · 1100 Peachtree Street, Northeast
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`·8· · · Atlanta, Georgia· 30309
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`·9· · · 404-745-2545
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`10· · · SOReilly@kilparticktownsend.com
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`11
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`12· ·For Patent Owner:
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`13· · · STEVEN RITCHESON, Esquire
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`14· · · INSIGHT PLC
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`15· · · 9800-D Topanga Canyon Boulevard #347
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`16· · · Chatsworth, California· 91311
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`17· · · 818-882-1030
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`18· · · swritcheson@insight.com
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`20· ·-and-
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`·1· · · · · · · · ·APPEARANCES CONTINUED
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`·2
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`·3· · · MAUREEN V. ABBEY, Esquire
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`·4· · · HENINGER GARRISON DAVIS
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`·5· · · 220 St. Paul Street
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`·6· · · Westfield, New Jersey· 07090
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`·7· · · 908-379-8475
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`·8· · · maureen@hgdlawfirm.com
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`·9· · · (Via telephone)
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`10
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`11· ·-and-
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`13· · · RENÉ A. VASQUEZ, Esquire
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`14· · · SINERGIA TECHNOLOGY LAW GROUP, PLLC
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`15· · · 18326 Buccaneer Terrace
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`16· · · Leesburg, Virginia· 20176
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`17· · · (Via telephone)
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`18
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`19· ·Also present:
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`20· · · Raymond Joao, Joao Control and Monitoring
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`21· · · · · · · · · · System, LLC
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`·1· · · · · · · · · · · · CONTENTS
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`·2· ·EXAMINATION BY· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · PAGE
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`·3· ·Mr. Ritcheson· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 7
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`·4
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`·5
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`·6· · · · · · · · · ·MARKED FOR RULING
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`·7· · · · · · · · REQUEST OF MR. RITCHESON
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`·8· · · · · · · · · · ·PAGE· · ·LINE
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`·9· · · · · · · · · · · 101· · · ·11
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`10· · · · · · · · · · · 108· · · · 9
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`13· · · · · · · · · · · · EXHIBITS
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`14· ·MCNAMARA
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`15· ·NO.· · ·DESCRIPTION· · · · · · · · · · · · ·PAGE
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`16· ·Exhibit 1· ·Declaration of D. McNamara on· · ·14
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`17· · · · · · · ·6,542,076 patent
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`18· ·Exhibit 2· ·Declaration of D. McNamara on· · ·14
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`19· · · · · · · ·6,549,130 patent
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`20· ·Exhibit 3· ·Declaration of D. McNamara on· · ·14
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`21· · · · · · · ·5,917,405 patent
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`22· ·Exhibit 4· ·Declaration of D. McNamara on· · ·14
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`23· · · · · · · ·7,397,363 patent
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`24· ·Exhibit 5· ·CV of David McNamara· · · · · · · 37
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`25· ·Exhibit 6· ·US Patent 6,542,076· · · · · · · 118
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`·1· · · · · · · · · · · · EXHIBITS
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`·2· ·MCNAMARA
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`·3· ·EXHIBIT· · ·DESCRIPTION· · · · · · · · · · ·PAGE
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`·4· ·Exhibit 7· ·US Patent 6,549,130· · · · · · · 119
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`·5· ·Exhibit 8· ·US Patent 5,917,405· · · · · · · 119
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`·6· ·Exhibit 9· ·US Patent 7,397,363· · · · · · · 119
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`·7· ·Exhibit 10· Frossard European Patent· · · · ·180
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`·8· · · · · · · ·Application 92400712.3
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`·9· ·Exhibit 11· Pagliaroli US Patent 5,276,728· ·180
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`11· · · · · ·(Original Exhibits attached to the
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`12· ·original transcript.)
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`·1· · · · · · · · · · · PROCEEDINGS
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`·2· · · · · · · · · DAVID A. MCNAMARA,
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`·3· ·a witness called for examination, having been
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`·4· ·first duly sworn, was examined and testified as
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`·5· ·follows:
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`·6· · · · · · · · · · · EXAMINATION
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`·7· ·BY MR. RITCHESON:
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`·8· · · · · Q.· · Could you please state and spell
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`·9· ·your name, please.
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`10· · · · · A.· · David A. McNamara.· McNamara is
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`11· ·spelled M-C capital N-A-M-A-R-A.
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`12· · · · · Q.· · Thank you.· My name is Steven
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`13· ·Ritcheson, I introduced myself earlier.· I am one
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`14· ·of the attorneys representing the patent owner in
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`15· ·a series of inter partes reviews.· The name of
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`16· ·the case is Joao Control and Monitoring Systems.
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`17· · · · · · · · Do you understand that?
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`18· · · · · A.· · Yes.
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`19· · · · · Q.· · With me is Mr. Raymond Joao, who is
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`20· ·a principal of JCMS, seated to my right.
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`21· · · · · · · · Also on the phone are two
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`22· ·individuals also representing the patent owner,
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`23· ·René Vazquez and Maureen Abbey.
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`24· · · · · · · · I will be asking you a series of
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`25· ·questions today about four declarations that you
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`·1· ·provided in support of Nissan's inter partes
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`·2· ·review petitions.
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`·3· · · · · · · · Do you understand that?
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`·4· · · · · A.· · Yes, I do.
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`·5· · · · · Q.· · Have you ever been deposed before
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`·6· ·either in a District Court case or in an IPR
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`·7· ·proceeding?
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`·8· · · · · A.· · Yes, I have.
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`·9· · · · · Q.· · On roughly how many occasions?
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`10· · · · · A.· · I would say about four.· Four to
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`11· ·five.
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`12· · · · · Q.· · And were those four to five cases
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`13· ·District Court cases or were they IPR
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`14· ·proceedings?
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`15· · · · · A.· · They were both.
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`16· · · · · Q.· · Can you tell me about those four
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`17· ·instances in which you had previously been
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`18· ·deposed.
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`19· · · · · A.· · Yes.· Starting with my first was the
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`20· ·Infiniti case between Infiniti and BMW, and that
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`21· ·was deposed only.
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`22· · · · · Q.· · District Court?
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`23· · · · · A.· · Yes.· Texas.· Then the second one
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`24· ·was in Colorado District Court, Sellport versus
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`25· ·Piker.
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`·1· · · · · · · · And, then I had an I -- IPRs now,
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`·2· ·kind of changing the focus to IPRs.· Oblon
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`·3· ·Hagenbach versus Komatsu, that was actually with
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`·4· ·a different case, I'm sorry.
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`·5· · · · · · · · So, correct that.
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`·6· · · · · · · · It would be, I had my first IPR was
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`·7· ·Hagenbach versus Komatsu, and that was an IPR,
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`·8· ·not deposed.
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`·9· · · · · · · · And then a case with, I guess it
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`10· ·would be Oblon was the attorney, an IPR, I was
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`11· ·deposed a couple of times on that twice.
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`12· · · · · Q.· · Oblon was the attorney?
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`13· · · · · A.· · Oblon, O-B-L-O-N.
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`14· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· And what was the name of the
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`15· ·party?
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`16· · · · · A.· · Toyota on that one.· And then IPR
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`17· ·which I was not deposed with Sherman VCS versus
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`18· ·Mercedes, and I --
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`19· · · · · Q.· · VCS?
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`20· · · · · A.· · VCS versus Mercedes, and that was an
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`21· ·IPR.
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`22· · · · · Q.· · In each of the IPRs that you have
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`23· ·mentioned, are those instances where you have
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`24· ·provided a declaration?
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`25· · · · · A.· · That's correct.
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`·1· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· Just to help the court
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`·2· ·reporter, if we could spell a few of those names
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`·3· ·that would be helpful.
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`·4· · · · · · · · I've got Sellport versus Piker.
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`·5· · · · · A.· · Yes, Piker?
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`·6· · · · · Q.· · Sellport is one word?
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`·7· · · · · A.· · Yes.
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`·8· · · · · Q.· · S-E-L-L-P-O-R-T?
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`·9· · · · · A.· · That's correct.
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`10· · · · · Q.· · Hagenbach?
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`11· · · · · A.· · H-A-G-E-N-B-A-C-H.· Excuse me, I can
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`12· ·clarify the spelling.
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`13· · · · · Q.· · Are you referring to, would you like
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`14· ·to refer to something of that?
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`15· · · · · A.· · Yes, it is one of the documents.· My
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`16· ·declaration lists a paper by Hagenbach.
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`17· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· If you want to just
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`18· ·double-check, maybe at the break that is fine.
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`19· · · · · A.· · Okay, it seemed important so I
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`20· ·thought I would clarify it.
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`21· · · · · Q.· · No, it is, one of the things, you
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`22· ·have gone through the deposition experience
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`23· ·before, the examination experience.
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`24· · · · · · · · I will just remind you that the most
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`25· ·important thing from our perspective is that you
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`·1· ·are under oath and that means that your testimony
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`·2· ·needs to be full, complete, and accurate.· Do you
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`·3· ·understand that?
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`·4· · · · · A.· · Yes.
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`·5· · · · · Q.· · One of the limitations with this
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`·6· ·process is that everything you are saying is
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`·7· ·going to be written down by the court reporter,
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`·8· ·you understand that, correct?
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`·9· · · · · A.· · Yes.
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`10· · · · · Q.· · For her to be able to do that, she
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`11· ·needs to be able to not only understand what you
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`12· ·are saying, but in some instances she will need
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`13· ·to know what the spelling of certain terms are,
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`14· ·words are.· Okay?
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`15· · · · · A.· · Makes sense.
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`16· · · · · Q.· · If you don't understand a question,
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`17· ·please let me know.· My job is to ask a question
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`18· ·that you understand.
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`19· · · · · · · · But, if you answer the question, we
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`20· ·will assume that you understood it, okay?
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`21· · · · · A.· · Correct.
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`22· · · · · Q.· · All right.· With respect to the five
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`23· ·instances that you provided for us, were there
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`24· ·other occasions where you were retained as an
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`25· ·expert but didn't provide a declaration or expert
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`·1· ·report?· Or is this the totality of the occasions
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`·2· ·on which you have acted as an expert?
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`·3· · · · · A.· · I can't think of an instance where I
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`·4· ·did not give a report or declaration.
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`·5· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· So, this is the list?
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`·6· · · · · A.· · I believe it is the list.· From my
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`·7· ·memory.
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`·8· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· With respect to the Hagenbach
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`·9· ·matter, for example, you said that that was an
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`10· ·IPR, correct?
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`11· · · · · A.· · Correct.
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`12· · · · · Q.· · In that occasion, who was the patent
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`13· ·owner and who was the petitioner?
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`14· · · · · A.· · Hagenbach was the patent owner, and
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`15· ·in the Oblon case it was Toyota as the
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`16· ·petitioner.
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`17· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· Did you, you represented or
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`18· ·were involved in representing who in the
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`19· ·Hagenbach case?· The patent owner or the
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`20· ·petitioner?
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`21· · · · · A.· · The petitioner.
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`22· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· So you were representing, I'm
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`23· ·sorry, the petitioner's name in that case?
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`24· · · · · A.· · Was Toyota.
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`25· · · · · Q.· · I have definitely written this down
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`·1· ·wrong.· So, the Hagenbach matter?
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`·2· · · · · A.· · There were two Hagenbach matters.
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`·3· · · · · Q.· · That is what I have probably done
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`·4· ·wrong here.· Hagenbach versus Kingston, did I
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`·5· ·have that right?
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`·6· · · · · A.· · Once again, we need to clarify
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`·7· ·spellings at the break.
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`·8· · · · · Q.· · Good, okay.
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`·9· · · · · A.· · Which I can.· But Komatsu was the
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`10· ·petitioner and Fish & Richardson was the
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`11· ·attorney, and I think your question is you know,
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`12· ·who did I work for on behalf of the IPR; is that
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`13· ·correct?
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`14· · · · · Q.· · That's correct.
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`15· · · · · A.· · It is Komatsu and I, and also
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`16· ·Toyota, okay.
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`17· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· And then in the Mercedes
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`18· ·matter, Mercedes was the petitioner?
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`19· · · · · A.· · Correct.
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`20· · · · · Q.· · And you worked for Mercedes?
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`21· · · · · A.· · That's correct.
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`22· · · · · Q.· · What experts are you a field
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`23· ·in (sic)?
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`24· · · · · · · · MR. O'REILLY:· Objection, form.
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`25· ·BY MR. RITCHESON:
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`·1· · · · · Q.· · I can ask a foundational question.
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`·2· ·Are you an expert in any particular field?
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`·3· · · · · A.· · I feel I am an expert in several
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`·4· ·fields.
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`·5· · · · · Q.· · What fields are those?
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`·6· · · · · A.· · If I can turn to my declaration and
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`·7· ·I can, there is a list of areas.
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`·8· · · · · Q.· · Sure.· We have marked just for
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`·9· ·convenience, I know it may not be typical, but we
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`10· ·have marked the, your declarations in order with
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`11· ·the '076 being on top as 1 through 4.· So,
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`12· ·whichever one of those you would like to look at.
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`13· · · · · A.· · I'm looking at my declaration for
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`14· ·the '076.
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`15· · · · · Q.· · And it has been previously marked --
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`16· · · · · A.· · Exhibit 1.
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`17· · · · · · · · · · (McNamara Exhibit Numbers 1-4
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`18· · · · · · · · · · ·marked for identification.)
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`19· · · · · · · · THE WITNESS:· Reading from Page 2,
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`20· · · ·Paragraph 3, answering the question just in
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`21· · · ·the general domain of my expertise, I have
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`22· · · ·professional and academic experience in the
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`23· · · ·field of automotive electronics and
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`24· · · ·transportation systems.· My career has been
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`25· · · ·38 years.
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`·1· · · · · · I will move to where the areas where
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`·2· ·I talk about specific expert areas.
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`·3· · · · · · For example, I have been involved in
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`·4· ·the development of motor vehicle
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`·5· ·technologies, embedded vehicle controllers,
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`·6· ·sensors and actuators, as key elements in
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`·7· ·vehicle systems, engine control systems,
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`·8· ·diagnostic maintenance, algorithms multiplex,
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`·9· ·test and diagnostics, antitheft systems,
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`10· ·advanced driver assistance systems.
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`11· · · · · · In another place in the declaration
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`12· ·I describe some of the organizations I have
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`13· ·been involved in and more recently I have
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`14· ·been involved in automated driving systems
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`15· ·that use sensors for determining the lateral
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`16· ·and longitudinal control of the vehicle.
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`17· · · · · · And, also a new area called cyber
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`18· ·physical systems, where now you have vehicles
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`19· ·that are very complex electronic systems that
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`20· ·are now connected to the roadside, they are
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`21· ·connected to other cars and there is
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`22· ·opportunities for, I guess, the simple way to
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`23· ·put it hacking.
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`24· · · · · · So, I have had projects involved in
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`25· ·how to firewall those systems to protect
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`·1· · · ·those systems on vehicles, and also what is
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`·2· · · ·the risk to both the OEM and to the driver in
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`·3· · · ·having those kind of systems.
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`·4· · · · · · · · Then user interfaces and the
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`·5· · · ·software associated with those systems.
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`·6· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· Where are you reading from
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`·7· ·now?
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`·8· · · · · A.· · I am about five sentences from the
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`·9· ·bottom.
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`10· · · · · Q.· · Okay.
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`11· · · · · A.· · Okay.· I am using it in my outline,
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`12· ·essentially.
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`13· · · · · · · · Voice driven features, as my CV will
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`14· ·show, I have had a responsibility for developing
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`15· ·the hardware and software of voice driven systems
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`16· ·that went on the Jaguar S-type vehicle in the
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`17· ·'90s.
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`18· · · · · · · · Extensive experience with audio
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`19· ·systems, both the acoustics aspects of the audio
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`20· ·system as well as the system design and the
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`21· ·components, the speakers, the microphones, and
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`22· ·especially the head units, the, which you might
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`23· ·call the radios, both to support analog and
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`24· ·digital media.· Digital media being both brought
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`25· ·into the radio with an MP3 or any other digital
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`·1· ·format, and I have had some very interesting
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`·2· ·projects around connecting the vehicle to WiFi
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`·3· ·hot spots and using that wireless connection to
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`·4· ·be able to send data and music files to the radio
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`·5· ·in the car.
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`·6· · · · · · · · And then later on wireless
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`·7· ·communications is kind of a broad expert area.
`
`·8· ·But, that is probably where I need to describe
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`·9· ·that in more detail, because I have been involved
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`10· ·in both bringing cell phones into the vehicle, a
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`11· ·project called, with Jaguar, My Connected World.
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`12· · · · · · · · Jaguar was one of the first
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`13· ·companies to see the benefits of using the cell
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`14· ·phone in the car to bring data into the car.
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`15· · · · · · · · Others, of course, have recognized
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`16· ·that, but Jaguar was very much interested in
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`17· ·showing those kind of systems, of bringing a cell
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`18· ·phone into the car and using it as primary radio
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`19· ·to get data into the car.
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`20· · · · · · · · Also, embedded what I would call
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`21· ·embedded radio transceivers, whether they are
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`22· ·cell phone or other wireless networks.· But, this
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`23· ·building the radio into the car using various
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`24· ·protocols, whether it is cellular protocols, new
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`25· ·protocols like dedicated short range
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`·1· ·communications which is a WiFi-like technology,
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`·2· ·that allows you to have cars talk to cars, cars
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`·3· ·talk to the roadside, and my most recent work in
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`·4· ·my career has been working on demonstrating those
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`·5· ·technologies, the benefits, the, what you would
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`·6· ·say the customer benefits as well as the benefits
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`·7· ·to the car manufacturer.
`
`·8· · · · · · · · I was also involved in the very
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`·9· ·early days of Ford SYNC, which was Ford's
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`10· ·connectivity solution for bringing the cell phone
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`11· ·in the car.· I have had commercial success in the
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`12· ·sense of being on a lot of cars, on board cars,
`
`13· ·and I was involved in that kind of project of
`
`14· ·demonstrating how you can have affordable
`
`15· ·wireless connectivity solutions in a car that is
`
`16· ·available to everyone.· I think I am just about
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`17· ·done.
`
`18· · · · · · · · I would say that a lot of my career
`
`19· ·has been around sensors of all types.· Whether
`
`20· ·that be pressure sensors, being able to use
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`21· ·technology, affordable technology to have very
`
`22· ·accurate and precise measurements of barometric
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`23· ·pressure, and be able to measure that to be able
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`24· ·to do that reliably and accurately and cost
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`25· ·effectively.
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`·1· · · · · · · · That was one of the first sensor
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`·2· ·systems I worked on.· And we have tried to, we
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`·3· ·did apply that kind of thinking of affordability
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`·4· ·and robustness and quality to radar systems.
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`·5· · · · · · · · My team was one of the first teams
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`·6· ·to launch practical radar systems for adaptive
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`·7· ·cruise control on cars; we did that on the Jaguar
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`·8· ·car.· And my team received the Henry Ford
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`·9· ·Technology Award for their work.
`
`10· · · · · · · · So, we were very pleased that we
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`11· ·could cost reduce and make affordable, you know,
`
`12· ·a radar system for a car.
`
`13· · · · · · · · Recently my focus has been on
`
`14· ·cameras.· Cameras are, had a lot of opportunity
`
`15· ·for automated systems to be able to recognize
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`16· ·pedestrians, objects.· I have had clients who
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`17· ·have been involved in very important projects,
`
`18· ·the M City in Ann Arbor is, represents a test bed
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`19· ·for automated systems.
`
`20· · · · · · · · I have been involved in helping
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`21· ·clients get access to M City and be able to test
`
`22· ·these new camera systems and new sensors for
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`23· ·automated systems.
`
`24· · · · · · · · I think -- oh, and then lastly, an
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`25· ·area which I did not talk about earlier, but I
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`·1· ·have had experience throughout my career with
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`·2· ·antitheft systems launching Ford's antitheft
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`·3· ·system; what I call very early antitheft system
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`·4· ·which was a perimeter alarm system that would
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`·5· ·disable the starter and also initiate sirens.
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`·6· · · · · · · · I was the supervisor that released
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`·7· ·that product for the Mustang.· As you can imagine
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`·8· ·the Mustang would be a choice for thieves.· And
`
`·9· ·so we were concerned about that.
`
`10· · · · · · · · And then lastly, you know, in the
`
`11· ·area of antitheft, I worked on smart key
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`12· ·concepts, using a key with embedded digital
`
`13· ·electronics to be able to give an access code to
`
`14· ·the car and be able to add additional level of
`
`15· ·security to the steering column of the car.
`
`16· · · · · · · · At that time OEMs were relying on
`
`17· ·steering, mechanical aspects of the steering
`
`18· ·column to provide security that was being
`
`19· ·circumvented very simply by putting a big
`
`20· ·screwdriver in the ignition lock, you know, a
`
`21· ·wrench, and just put torque on the lock cylinder
`
`22· ·and break the lock cylinder.
`
`23· · · · · · · · So, on some of our cars, we were
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`24· ·very much looking at how to add a digital system
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`25· ·and add capability to be able to use the vehicle
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`·1· ·system components to disable the car.
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`·2· · · · · · · · And, I worked on the digital key
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`·3· ·side and have a patent in that area.
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`·4· · · · · · · · That system later on moved into
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`·5· ·Ford's production system that is on vehicles and
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`·6· ·it is, you know, the electronic means to disable
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`·7· ·Ford vehicles when you don't have the right key.
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`·8· · · · · · · · So, we no longer as an industry rely
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`·9· ·on the mechanical aspects of the lock cylinder.
`
`10· · · · · · · · Then lastly diagnostics and
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`11· ·prognostics, I have been involved in the
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`12· ·algorithm side of diagnostics as well as the
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`13· ·hardware side, sensors, communication systems.
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`14· · · · · · · · A lot of the communication systems I
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`15· ·have worked on in my career have been providing
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`16· ·the data to, from sensors to make decisions about
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`17· ·the capability of the vehicle; it is the vehicle
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`18· ·working as intended, and moved into an area where
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`19· ·we did prognostics, actually using data to be
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`20· ·able to predict that the car would fail and that
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`21· ·is, you know, work that has been continued.
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`22· · · · · · · · And also, I think as far as
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`23· ·important activities, I do follow consumer
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`24· ·electronic trends very carefully, and to answer
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`25· ·your question, I do think I am an expert as far
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`·1· ·as the potential and the range of technology and
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`·2· ·products that can come from the consumer
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`·3· ·electronics industry into a car.
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`·4· · · · · · · · And every year I go to CES the
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`·5· ·Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas and I
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`·6· ·write a report for my clients on those trends
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`·7· ·and, you know, very much watch that as part of
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`·8· ·Ford, in my responsibilities with Ford to watch
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`·9· ·those trends.
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`10· · · · · · · · And now that I am no longer with
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`11· ·Ford, I write a report about those things for my
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`12· ·client.
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`13· · · · · · · · So, I think that is, you know, most
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`14· ·of my areas of expertise.
`
`15· · · · · Q.· · Anything else?
`
`16· · · · · A.· · Not that comes to mind.
`
`17· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· I asked you what fields you
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`18· ·were an expert in and you provided us a fairly
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`19· ·detailed list of the experience that you have.
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`20· · · · · · · · My question is, in answering my
`
`21· ·question, did you understand that -- are you an
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`22· ·expert in every field where you have had
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`23· ·experience?
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`24· · · · · A.· · I would say most but not all, of
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`25· ·course.
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`·1· · · · · Q.· · So, some of the fields that you have
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`·2· ·identified for us in your response, you are not
`
`·3· ·an expert in, but you have experience in?· Or how
`
`·4· ·are you qualifying that?
`
`·5· · · · · A.· · Well, with a 38-year career, through
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`·6· ·the golden age of electronics, it is very
`
`·7· ·difficult to make that judgment of what I am an
`
`·8· ·expert on or not.
`
`·9· · · · · · · · I would say I have focus areas of
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`10· ·sensors, user interfaces, embedded control
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`11· ·systems, diagnostics, wireless communications,
`
`12· ·you know, those come to mind.
`
`13· · · · · Q.· · And which of those are relevant to
`
`14· ·these proceedings?
`
`15· · · · · A.· · I would say all of them.· They all,
`
`16· ·it is hard to make that judgment.
`
`17· · · · · · · · But, I would say all of the ones I
`
`18· ·mentioned.
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`19· · · · · Q.· · Now, some of your expertise is from
`
`20· ·your experience, correct?
`
`21· · · · · A.· · Yes.
`
`22· · · · · Q.· · And, is some of your expertise also
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`23· ·from your education?
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`24· · · · · A.· · I would say some of my knowledge is
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`25· ·from my education.
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`·1· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· With respect to, and you
`
`·2· ·have -- what degrees do you have?
`
`·3· · · · · A.· · I have a Masters in Electrical
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`·4· ·Engineering from the University of Florida in
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`·5· ·1973.· And then I have a masters from the
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`·6· ·University of Florida -- I hope I have said
`
`·7· ·Michigan for '73, and then I have Florida for
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`·8· ·'76.
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`·9· · · · · · · · So, then I have --
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`10· · · · · Q.· · Clean that up for me, I'm sorry, try
`
`11· ·one more time.
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`12· · · · · A.· · Okay.· Michigan 1973, bachelor's,
`
`13· ·double E.
`
`14· · · · · · · · And then Florida, 1976, Masters in
`
`15· ·solid state physics, mainly electrical
`
`16· ·engineering.
`
`17· · · · · Q.· · What is solid state physics?
`
`18· · · · · A.· · My masters thesis was on noise and
`
`19· ·ion implanted resistors, which is a type of
`
`20· ·electronic component manufactured for integrated
`
`21· ·circuits.
`
`22· · · · · · · · The manufacturing technique creates
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`23· ·disturbances in the material such that it
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`24· ·generates more noise and maybe some other
`
`25· ·processes.
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`·1· · · · · · · · So, that is, so, that is the area
`
`·2· ·that, you know, a lot of, worked on a lot of
`
`·3· ·instrumentation.
`
`·4· · · · · · · · But, the focus was integrated
`
`·5· ·circuits, I guess, is the simple way to answer
`
`·6· ·your question.
`
`·7· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· So just at a high level, just
`
`·8· ·for ease of understanding, what is solid state
`
`·9· ·physics?
`
`10· · · · · · · · MR. O'REILLY:· Objection, asked and
`
`11· · · ·answered.
`
`12· ·BY MR. RITCHESON:
`
`13· · · · · Q.· · Give an example of what would be
`
`14· ·included in it by virtue of your dissertation.
`
`15· · · · · A.· · Understanding how semiconductor
`
`16· ·devices work.
`
`17· · · · · Q.· · And that is your understanding of it
`
`18· ·as of 1976?
`
`19· · · · · A.· · As applied to my work, yes.
`
`20· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· With respect to your
`
`21· ·education, and I'm going to include both your
`
`22· ·degree from Michigan in '73 and your degree in
`
`23· ·Florida in '76.
`
`24· · · · · · · · Did your curriculum include study of
`
`25· ·the internet, for example?
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`·1· · · · · A.· · During the '73-'76 time frame?
`
`·2· · · · · Q.· · Up to your degree?
`
`·3· · · · · A.· · Or all of the education.
`
`·4· · · · · Q.· · All of the education up to '76.
`
`·5· · · · · A.· · Okay.· My education included, I
`
`·6· ·wanted to give a more complete answer to your
`
`·7· ·question on education because my education
`
`·8· ·continued after Florida.
`
`·9· · · · · · · · Ford was a very good company to work
`
`10· ·for and provided many opportunities for training
`
`11· ·that I took advantage of.
`
`12· · · · · · · · In the area of the internet, just to
`
`13· ·answer your question, we had numerous suppliers
`
`14· ·that would come in and provide training courses
`
`15· ·on various subjects.
`
`16· · · · · Q.· · I'm talking about through '76 at
`
`17· ·this point?
`
`18· · · · · · · · MR. O'REILLY:· You've got to let him
`
`19· · · ·answer the question.
`
`20· · · · · · · · MR. RITCHESON:· No, I don't.
`
`21· · · · · · · · MR. O'REILLY:· Yes, you do.
`
`22· · · · · · · · MR. RITCHESON:· The question, is
`
`23· · · ·this before '76?
`
`24· · · · · · · · MR. O'REILLY:· Okay.
`
`25· ·BY MR. RITCHESON:
`
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`·1· · · · · Q.· · Is this before '76?
`
`·2· · · · · A.· · No.
`
`·3· · · · · Q.· · All right.· I get to ask the
`
`·4· ·question, he gets to answer it.
`
`·5· · · · · · · · MR. O'REILLY:· He was starting to
`
`·6· · · ·answer your question.
`
`·7· ·BY MR. RITCHESON:
`
`·8· · · · · Q.· · This is until '76.· I will move on,
`
`·9· ·I promise.· You are going to have plenty of time
`
`10· ·to give as many long answers as you like.· But
`
`11· ·right now, I'm just trying to break it up in
`
`12· ·time.· Is that fair, yes?
`
`13· · · · · A.· · I don't know whether it is fair or
`
`14· ·not.· I don't have experience.
`
`15· · · · · Q.· · Good enough.
`
`16· · · · · A.· · Okay.
`
`17· · · · · Q.· · Up until 1976, have any of the
`
`18· ·curriculum, any of the education you have
`
`19· ·received relate to the internet?
`
`20· · · · · A.· · Relate to the internet, yes.
`
`21· · · · · Q.· · Okay.
`
`22· · · · · A.· · From the viewpoint of databases,
`
`23· ·software, computing, yes.
`
`24· · · · · Q.· · Okay.
`
`25· · · · · A.· · Relate to the internet.
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`·1· · · · · Q.· · It involved components used on
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`·2· ·today's internet, is that what you mean?
`
`·3· · · · · A.· · The basis for the internet.· I was
`
`·4· ·not aware of TCP/IP until after '76.· The
`
`·5· ·protocol.
`
`·6· · · · · Q.· · Were you aware of the internet prior
`
`·7· ·to 1976?
`
`·8· · · · · A.· · I don't think I used the word
`
`·9· ·internet, but I was very familiar with the, you
`
`10· ·know, the software and the components and the
`
`11· ·technologies that made up the internet.
`
`12· · · · · Q.· · Did you know of DARPA net at the
`
`13· ·time?
`
`14· · · · · A.· · I could have, I don't know.· I don't
`
`15· ·know if I paid attention to it.
`
`16· · · · · Q.· · Did any of your classes address the
`
`17· ·issues associated with worldwide web?
`
`18· · · · · A.· · I don't remember.
`
`19· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· Did any of the classes that
`
`20· ·you took prior to 1976, your degree in 1976,
`
`21· ·relate to distributed control and monitoring
`
`22· ·systems?
`
`23· · · · · A.· · Yes.
`
`24· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· Which classes were those?
`
`25· · · · · A.· · I don't remember the classes. I
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`·1· ·just remember that I had the digital, several
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`·2· ·digital electronics classes and embedded control
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`·3· ·classes in '73 as well as '76.
`
`·4· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· When you are talking about
`
`·5· ·embedded control, for example, are you talking
`
`·6· ·about necessarily in a distributed environment?
`
`·7· · · · · A.· · There were networks involved, yes.
`
`·8· · · · · Q.· · Okay.· Is it your understanding that
`
`·9· ·whenever a network is involved, necessarily,
`
`10· ·control and monitoring systems are distributed?
`
`11· · · · · A.· · They have to be distributed if they
`
`12· ·are separate and connected.
`
`13· · · · · · · · I just don't know if that, how I
`
`14· ·would interpret that.
`
`15· · · · · · · · If they are separate computing
`
`16· ·networks and they are connected in some way by a
`
`17· ·network, they are distributed computing systems.
`
`18· · · · · Q.· · Let me ask you this, and sometimes
`
`19· ·during the day I will ask you for what your
`
`20· ·understanding of a term is, just so we have the
`
`21· ·same common understanding.
`
`22· · · · · · · · What is your understanding of what a
`
`23· ·distributive control system is?· And that is as
`
`24· ·of today?
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`25· · · · · A.· · Simply that you have, first of all
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`·1· ·you have to define the system.· So, in other
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`·2· ·words, if -- let's use an example I'm familiar
`
`·3· ·with okay.· I have worked on engine control
`
`·4· ·system.
`
`·5· · · · · · · · In the early days of engine control
`
`·6· ·systems there would be one embedded controller,
`
`·7· ·the power train control module, and it would,
`
`·8· ·1978, would have a single module with many
`
`·9· ·sensors connected to it.· And it would run an
`
`10· ·algorithm called Speed Density algorithm, we will
`
`11· ·get into that, and that will determine from air
`
`12· ·coming into the carburetor, throttle body, how
`
`13· ·much air is coming in, it would measure the fuel
`
`14· ·coming in and it would make a calculation as to
`
`15· ·when to fire the spark, that was all
`
`16· ·self-contained in that module.
`
`17· · · · · · · · Then, about fiv
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