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`le’s Claim Chart regarding Apple’s Infringement of US. Patent No. 7,039,0331
`Claim 1
`
`
`
` A system for providing
`
`
`
`access to the Internet,
`
`
`comprising:
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Although the preamble to Claim 1 does not limit the scope of the claim, Apple provides systems and/or
`components of systems for providing access to the Internet. Accused systems include lntemet Devices.2 Apple
`Relevant Devices,J and WLAN Devicesd Apple Relevant Devices provide WLAN Devices with access to the
`Internet (i.e., lntemet Devices) via wireless short range radio signals (e.g., 802.1 1, Bluetooth) and cellular radio
`signals. WLAN Devices connect to Apple Relevant Devices via short distance radio waves using the 802.1 1
`andt'or Blnetooth protocol and use the Apple Relevant Device to access cellular networks and the Internet. For
`exam le, as shown below, the iPhone Ss5 includes Wireless Hots ot Features, which allow WLAN Devices to
`
`l [XI provides these infringement contentions for Defendant Apple. Inc. (“Apple"). These contentions contain diagrams. screenshots. and other documentary
`evidence by way ofexample and not by way of limitation. These contentions are based on publically available information and in the absence of complete
`discovery do not represent any claim construction position.
`[XI reserves the right to amend these contentions as discovery progresses. in response to Apple’s
`defenses, and in response to any claim construction rulings.
`3 "internet Devices" are computers or other devices that function as internet or application servers (c.g.. iTuncs server, iClond server). including those owned or
`operated by Apple or third parties.
`3 “Apple Relevant Devices" include the iPhone 3G, iPhonc 365. iPhone 4. iPhone 45. iPhone 5. iPhoneSs, iPhonc 5c, iPhonc 6, iPhone 6 Plus. iPad 2 (2nd
`Generation) (Wi-Fi + Cellular). iPad (3rd Generation) (Wi-Fi + Cellular). iPad with Retina display (4th Generation) (WinFi + Cellular). iPad Mini (Isl
`Generation) (Wi-Fi + Cellular). iPad Mini 2 (2nd Generation) (Wi-Fi + Cellular). iPad Mini 3 {3rd Generation}{Wi-Fi + Cellular). iPad Air(Wi-Fi + Cellular).
`and iPad Air 2 (Wi-Fi + Cellular). For furllter information regarding the hardware. software. applications. and features ol‘ Apple Relevant Devices refer to
`Exhibit A.
`
`" "WLAN Devices" include laptops (e.g.. MacBooks, including MacBook Airs), tablets (cg. iPads). stereos. speakers. smart watches (c.g.. Apple Watch). smart
`TVs. Apple TV. iPods. printers and other devices (including Apple and third party devices) that connect to Apple Relevant Devices via short range radio signals
`(e.g.. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth) for use of Wireless Hotspot Features andfor to provide or use Network Services. “Wireless Hotspot Features" include the "Personal
`Hotspot.“ “Internet tethering." and “Instant l-lotspot." “Network Services“ include services such as Wireless Hotspot Features. security. pairing management.
`DHC P server functions. DNS server functions. virtual private networks. firewalls. monitoring and statistics. health monitoring (cg. Apple Health). gaming.
`messaging. printing. media-sharing (c.g.. via AirPlay. Home Sharing. iTuncs {Wi-Fi Syncing). Plck. Googlc+. Facebook). Continuityr'Handof1‘ application
`sharing (c.g.. sharing applications. such as Calling. Mail. Safari. Maps. Messages. Reminders. Calendars. Contacts. Pages. Numbers. Keynote. and other device
`applications [including both Apple or third-party applications)). file sharing (cg. sharing files via Samba. File Explorer. FTP servers, secure shell sewers.
`Dropbox, iCloud), Apple Watch services, [ANA services. or other services provided to Apple Relevant Devices from WLAN Devices or vice versa over short
`distance radio signals. such as those compliant with Zero Configuration networking protocols. eonncct-to-scrvice API. Multipcer Connectivity Framework. Game
`Kit Framework. Real—time Streaming Protocol. Continuityfl‘landol'f‘ protocols (e.g.. NSUserAclivityDelcgate Protocol). Digital Audio Access Protocol (DAAP).
`Digital Photo Access Protocol. Digital Media Access Protocol. Airplay Protocol. Universal Plug and Play (UPnP). andfor Digital Living Network Alliance
`{DLNA).
`" The iPltone 55 contains similar cotnponents and features as other Apple Relevant Devices and is representative of the hardware components of these devices.
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`connect to the iPhone Ss via Wi-Fi andfor Bluetooth and “share [the iPhone 5s’s] Internet connection." {See
`iPhone User Guide {iOS Version 8.1) at 38)uan uses
`36 new to
`
`‘ access Iniemet
`(ti
`1))
`Pcmonm
`‘ more
`2.4 GHz
`HDlSnol
`WFlclmls
`cnan. ‘
`ammdmpm
`IPnone
`
`_,{,;__3‘.._
`.
`so New
`
`a first wireless device, in
`a short distance wireless
`
`network, having a
`software component to
`access information from
`
`Each Apple Relevant Device is a first wireless device in a short distance network. The Apple Relevant Devices
`each have a software component (e.g., Wireless Hotspot Feature software, iOS software, andfor other application
`software) used to access infonnation from the Internet by communicating with a cellular network in response to a
`first short-range Wi-Fi andfor Bluetooth radio frequency signal received from a WLAN Device.
`
`For example, the Wireless Hotspot Features of each Apple Relevant Device provide WLAN Devices with access
`to Internet Devices. The Apple Relevant Devices receive wireless short range radio signals (e.g., 802.1 1,
`Bluetooth} from WLAN Devices and in response to these signals retrieve information from the Internet (cg,
`website data] via cellular radio signals (cg, GSM, CDMA, LTE) for relay to the WLAN Devices,
`
`the Internet by
`communicating with a
`cellular network in
`response to a first short-
`range radio signal,
`wherein the first wireless
`device communicates
`with the cellular network
`and receives the first
`
`
`
`In addition, other Network Services provided by WLAN Devices to Apple Relevant Devices utilize the software
`components of Apple Relevant Devices to access information from the Internet Devices, such as account
`authentication, user preferences, cloud-based data (eg, synchronization, email, calendar, messages, media, etc),
`information requested by the Apple Watch (e.g., via Mail, Messages, Siri, health and fitness monitoring
`applications and other Apple Watch applications), and other information when they are connected to Apple
`short-range radio signal;
`and,
`Relevant Devices via Wireless Hotspot Features, AirPlay, Horne Sharing, Wi-Fi Direct (P2P), Bluetooth, or
`
`reasonabl
`similar
`rotocols.
`
`a second wireless device,
`in the short distance
`
`Each WLAN Device is the claimed second wireless device in a short distance wireless network (e. g, Wi—Fi
`802.1 I andJ'or Bluetooth network) that provides the first short-range radio signal to an Apple Relevant Device.
`wireless network, to
`WLAN Devices connect to Apple Relevant Devices via short distance radio waves using the 802.1 1 andfor
`Bluetooth protocol and use the Apple Reievant Device to access cellular networks and the Internet when using
`provide the first short-
`Wireless Hotspot Features or other Network Services via AirPlay, Wi-Fi Direct {P2P), Bluetooth, or reasonably
`range radio signal,
`
`similar protocols.
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`wherein the software
`
`Apple Relevant Devices include network address translator software components in iOS or other software for
`translating between a first IP addresses provided from the Internet Device over the cellular network and a second
`IP address for the WLAN Device provided over a Wi-Fi andfor Bluetooth network,
`
`For example, when the iPhone SS is connected to the Internet, it receives an TP address from the cellular network
`connected to the Internet. When the iPhone 5s using a Wireless Hotspot Feature, the iPhone 5s creates a Wi—Fi
`network A local area Wi-Fi network includes a plurality of private addresses; each is provided to a device
`connected to the Wi-F i network. One method to implement a mobile hotspot is via Network Address Translation
`(or NAT}, for example for an IP network. Software components in the Apple Relevant Devices include a network
`address translator software component to implement the NAT functionality. NAT, or more specifically Network
`Address and Port Translation (NAPT), involves translating a private IP address to a public IP address and vice
`versa. More specifically, NAPT involves translating between a public IP address and a plurality of private IP
`addresses connected to the wireless local area network.
`
`As shown below, Apple Relevant Devices include, for example, Bonjour, which provides built-in support for the
`NAT port mapping protocol (NAT-PM P). NAT-PMP translates between a public IP address and a plurality of
`private IP addresses connected to the wireless local area network.
`ln ()5 X and IDS, BOIIJDIII provrr‘les blllIT-lll support for (reatlng pelt mappings ll'uomjh firewalls. 'tlldl support NAT—PMP Dr
`UPnP. Services advertised rising wide-area Bonjour are automalicallv mapped. For servltes advertised In other ways. you can
`call .
`---:.\:-.- "'='-1-'1! ;--
`-- to create the mapping. and
`.
`-
`to destrovthe mapping.
`These mappings are also torn down automancallv when the process that created the mappings extts.
`
`(See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “Firewalls and Network Address Translation”)i
`Apple Relevant Devices include service repository software components for identifying one or more Network
`Services provided by the WLAN Devicets}. For example, Wireless Hotspot Features include a service repository
`software component that identifies connected WLAN Devices by SSID, IP address, and MAC address.
`
`In addition or alternatively, Apple Relevant Devices include iOS and Bonjour, which are or include a service
`repository software component. For example, iOS includes Bonjour, which provides a mechanism to identify and
`connect with WLAN Devices and Network Services.
`
`
`
`component includes a
`network address
`translator sofiware
`
`component to translate
`between a first Internet
`Protocol (“IP”) address
`provided to the first
`wireless device from the
`cellular network and a
`second address for the
`second wireless
`
`device provided by the
`first wireless device.
`
`wherein the software
`
`component includes a
`service repository
`software component to
`identify a service
`provided by the second
`wireless device.
`
`”SIM-111 I
`
`Semre Discovery
`The l'InJI element of Bunion! It. \elvlce tllstrwrrv. SOIVICQ dlKMrv allows lletullonS Ito I'm: all cwtablt- instances of a untulll “at III “In“ and I0 marnlcm a lull ol' Mill-Id “mu lrld voll
`numupn The Altpliunon um :lu-n innit-e the "ma huxlnqmr lo a I“: or IPv.’ and IM addresseL .u (leuilbed ll'l hm. run
`"he Int of «am sconce! elm“ a layer at InfltIKlloll between a source and In current 0N5 name and port number. Inclrectlun allows application we a nets-item In! or unable worms
`and resolve an annual new address just prior In using a some. The Itsl allows urinates to be Wand dynamically mlnoul generating a lot of network traffic mnounona the change.
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`Confidential - April 9, 2015
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`(See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “Bonjour Concepts")"
`
`As shown below, iOS andr’or Bonjour provide a mechanism for identifying Network Services, for example, via
`various APls and Frameworks including NSNETService AP], CFNetServices AP], DNS Service Discovery API,
`Game Kit Framework, Multipeer Connectivity Framework, Multicast DNS Service Discovery API, DNS Service
`Discovery C API, andr’or reasonably similar APIs and Frameworks.
`OS X and ‘05 provide four APIs for discovering and advertising network services:
`
`- NSNetServ ice—A high-level Objective-C nPI suitable for most app developers.
`~
`tFNetServ ice—A high-level C API suitable for use in Core Foundation code.
`- DNS Service Discovery—A Iowlevel C API suitable for cross-platfonn code. This API also offers more
`flexibility than the higher-level APIs.
`Game lfit framework—A high-level Objective-C API that provides peer-to-peer communication support
`for games. both locally (using infrastructure Win‘i and Bluetoothl and globally over the Internet.
`
`In addition to these APIs, iOS offers the Mdtipeer Connectivity Framewock. which provides support for
`discovering and communicating with instances ofyour app and related apps on nearby devices using
`infrastructure Wi«Fi, peerqopeer Wi-Fi, and Bluetocth.
`{See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “Networking Overview”)
`
`“mam“
`WC)
`
`_
`NSNeIServ-oe am .
`
`.
`
`Wm Foul-mm
`W
`
`[CMPI
`unique m
`m 05W
`
`m MI
`IW I
`
`IIW
`CFNarSar-vm
`
`nus Sum
`Dim c lull
`
`MSW”
`
`W Posur
`mm
`law
`
`
`
`{See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “About NSNetServices and CFNetServices”)i"
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`As shown below, Network Services, such as music sharing, photo sharing, chatting, file sharing, printing, and
`photographing, are also identified via the rnDNSResponder service.
`2. What is mDNSResponder?
`
`mDNSllespondei is a Banjour system senate thal implements Mullins: DNS service Drum lot (Hum 01' services on the local network, and Unicasl
`DMS sew-ice Discovery for discovery ol semces anywhere in me WOIId. MIME-Responder Is burlt min 05 a: and ios and can be downloaded as pan or
`amnion: In. windows. Walla!“ like I'l'unes. iPhoto. Messages and Safari usemm lo Harlem zero—coiflguration network music sharing.
`chow sharing. chalk-ii] and file shadno. and disco-my of me user Inlerlaces tor hardware M5 like printers and web (mast riiDNSRespnndei is
`also used Io discou-r and mini to Bunion: printers and U53 punters connected to die Nil’Oll Ex1rlrme and Express base stations. inDNSItesponoer is open
`source, and hardware device manufacturers are encouraged to embed the numskesmnflri sonic:- rode directly Into their products to benefit l'Iom zelo—
`commutation netiiiorking.
`
`(See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “Bonjour — Frequently Asked Questions”)"
`
`Borijour identifies Network Services, for example, as shown below:
`Here is a list of the common parameters required by [he DNS Service DISCOVEIY API.
`- Name—human readable name of the service. such as :-
`- Registration type—the service type followed by the protocol name and separated by a (lot (-I ,
`- Domain—the domain for [he service. l‘flJItalW
`
`
`-.
`
`-
`
`_
`
`-
`
`:5
`
`is an example.
`
`- Full domain name—the name Iliat unique» identifies a service. A fiill domain name is the concatenation ol the name. registration type. and domain.
`Because the dot {.3 character 'is used as a separator, amt clot characters In the name portion of a full domain name must he escaped by a backslash
`character m. If the name contains a literal backslash. the backslash must also he escaped by a backslash character. Here is an example of a [IIII domain
`'
`name'!-.
`..-.—:'.:'::'.'
`I--.:.'-'-'-
`.'—:".'-'-' "
`
`- Port—the port number [or [he service in nemrk byte order.
`- Text record—an optional record containing any additional information that may be needed to use the sewice. such as a pi int queue name.
`
`(See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “Introduction to DNS Service Discovery’T'i
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`Bonjour Names for Existing Service Types
`Moor services are named according to the existing Inn-rm standard [or I’ sen-Ices (demlhed In EH .H'Bx‘l. Eonyour senate names ronlhrne senate
`types and Iranspoet protocols to form a reofitraflon type. the reqlslrallon type Is used to reqlsler a semee arm (Ieme DNS resonrre reroms {or It. In
`olulnqmsh reqlslralbon types lrorn domam names In DNS resourre Ierords. reorstranon types Ilse IIndeIKOIe prefixes to separale the romporlenls Ihal
`make up a reqlslrallon type. The Iorrml Is
`50M“ J’m. Irmwrfimam.
`,
`_
`5 0|
`The sauce type Is the oil'lnal m-Ieglstered name lur the senate. I'm example. Ear. II! 2| 0| p: late-1'. The transport prmrxol name rs -
`depelldlng on the IIarIspoIt proIoroI the same uses. an HP selwe running ave! ICP would have a Ienlslralron type of
`:-- .
`-
`_
`. and mid qurslel a
`DNSPTllremmrIamed -.- -
`.
`-
`-
`.
`.
`I . . mm m hosls’ Mulmast DN‘S responder.
`
`Bonjour Names for New Services
`It you ale deslgnlnq a new protctol to amerlise “ a Bonjoul Iaemmk senate. you should reglsler II mtII IANA.
`”K m currently quulres that every regrslered semfl be assouated Mlh a 'well - known pnn' or range 01 well -known pens. for example.
`assigned pOIl
`. so tlsal whenever you Visit a webslle In your web browsel. Ihe appIKatIon assumes Ihal the HTTP semu 1s cunning on port
`spenl‘y oIln-mrse. Thus my. the poll nun'dxl [or a when: need only be memonud II the webs": Is (onlrgured m a mn-slanaaad way.
`wnn Gallium. mm. M dou'l have In know about wt numbers. Manse them aIIPIKaIIuns (an Ella-(ml your wwre wllfl a “mole Iauelv l'ul III:
`some: type. "II-known polls arr unmesury.
`
`- -;
`
`Is
`unless you
`
`(See Apple‘s Developer Webpage, “Domain Naming Conventions”)‘“
`As another example of a service repository component, iOS andfor Bonjour includes the Core Bluetooth
`framework that allows Apple Relevant Devices (“centrals,” below) to discover and identify Network Services
`offered b Bluetooth WLAN Devices C‘peripherals," below).
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`fr-
`
`(mntmis DIS-(WEI and Cannon Io Peripherals nut Am Advertising
`fillphudlt Duncan‘s Ion- ol NI! am mum Inna! Null litmus-no Dutch. All momma gut-Qua a Imlv urul hunch 0| lull mull ”(Mull uulul Imam M w I pol-mural
`n.“ In orkr. fish n III minute Inmm, In Mame. a m murmur may mm: um I prov-innu- Lumm Inna-mun o! a mum. ln WM low mum. mm
`H the plum mmlwwah mm "IN when: know
`Rummmn Hamlin. (ll “manuals: to! “WI me In ram Manna In: I" mam In.“ um m PM! 1-1. a (mum nl lemma-n to my autumn mat I
`Inn mow-n: min-ma
`
`noun-7 mnmamaum
`
`
` J
`3-22.] b so I I.
`(annals fxlilfll't' and Imelda wnh the Data on a Pellphetal
`Alli! I (maul Mu mum-hr mum-o a Immlm lo I Futon-”l. fl mam “(flamed mam (”Nicaraguan-l II" loam rmhung M4 luv-(mum Walilhofl
`at up ammo men.
`a rmul (an um nun-ml mm : pal-m1" «me Dr 1mm a min) the uln- cu nun «Me's tuna-mu. For emiflanflmp mar Ifflhfll me (union: um Immune [pom Idiom]
`Immml. or if In! sum the mm m HIM a1 WI! lo HI "I Ina-n1 Imam"
`
`(See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “Core Bluetooth Overview’UVm
`
`As another example, iOS andfor Apple Watch sofiware installed on iPhones (e.g., iPhone 5, 5c, 55, 6, and 6 Plus)
`include a service repository component that identifies Apple Watch services when Apple Watch services become
`available Over Wi-Fi andfor Bluetooth. For example, as shown below, Apple Watch services include health
`monitoring and fitness services.
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`"'::i'L'
`'.'1:[':-I_."\ ‘1':::"."['\\':1'd!:Hli't;
`
`
`
`(See Apple’s Webpage, “Introducing the Apple Watch”)
`
`ix
`
`I L
`
`As shown below, Apple Watch can also utilize Network Services provided by iPhones, such as the Siri, Maps,
`Messa res1 Mail, and Callin .
`
`(See Apple’s Webpage, “Introducing the Apple Watch“)"
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`[See Apple‘s Webpage‘ “Watch“]”‘
`
`
`
`
`105 and Bon'our may also include other APls or Frameworks relating to Wi-Fi Direct {P2P 2, Universal Plug and
`
`(See Apple’s Webpage‘ “Watchae)xij
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`Play (UPnP), Digital Living Network Alliance {DLNA}, Zero Configuration networking, andi’or reasonably
`similar protocols, which also provide mechanisms to identify Network Services.
`
`As shown below, DLNA uses the UPnP Device Architecture for service discovery and identification.
`huh I any hen-mu Manon-«u
`
`Confidential -- April 9, 2015
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`HD—F'LC. Mme—IV. W lid “loath
`m mun H {W-Mlmjim
`“—
`wow-m
`
`WPmfinemMmaom-em
`
`
`
`Hrrplmncmm; .I-n'rP mom Dem
`
`MINA” m-EUI I. MI:
`
`(See DLNA webpage, “Architectures and Protocols")"“‘
`
`The UPnP Device architecture provides a mechanism to identify services provided by WLAN Devices and
`establish service connections, as shown below.
`I Ill-cm
`was?” I'M-W“ mm memmmummtflnpo’ M
`mac “I am mus. rm new. mmmnmmmm m1
`Mambo «new Sta 2; mmmmsmmmw
`coma [Sup :1 m I mu m not mum to mm}. mm [sup 4; m
`can: mu man to nan cm In “mom. and mum [sup 51m mu
`fininl'l mercy-nu mom“ to: mun.
`wmhmlulunmwm.wmomlmwlhmm
`wmmmmwmumunmwmmmmtm
`m.wg.mocumwulmmlmmmwmm
`mmmmuemaumdummlmnm mm-
`MMMMIEIMMIpMIh.-Im3mm
`mmumunam.eg.ummmmmm.amuom
`mmmmymnmmmwmumm.
`
`See UPnP Device Architecture 2,0, Se t1, 2014 at 18
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`
`Figun i-l: — Ill-«waryI Hahn-dun
`
`
` JIIIU1111-111
`
`(See UPnP Device Architecture 2.0, Sept 1, 2014 at 19)
`
`m *uh: —p
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`wmamamllnfimwlmmdlahelmfl-tamd
`lmwmflmlalfi-mmmhmm
`motmmmmmemmmmmnmmwwy
`“mummmmamtmmonmmnemm
`deem mflflF MIIUPIi’mm-m A mil-nailed” pare ls Innate
`Halli-llama grammmmnnmm. lament diet In ['de Int-deem
`“MammwammlumJaaa-umm-tem
`mammmmflmsmarwnmm‘u evaluator!“
`«Mme-1mMimemwumnllmmflweflndrlwmu.
`embedded mesa or some. Melisa Dre lea-cl! calm. in line My message.
`tn
`nelson acantraleoiia is doe-auto unload a ram ”senate aapeclllc'aaar-Im
`porl race or so Illa pert spun-e by Ira anim- senmnmr.uflw.m new Isle
`(men linen-seeped Immune no]. searchingler amt“I “or smelter!
`spaellhlraeenn Mmunmlmemrflmmnqkmmmllmlfl
`edema-UM metmntltmeolmwepentmmmpdnmue
`mmhwamwuw.ammamemmrycmesm
`deuce m was lee emporium unwary Ilium-rue (ma. LIUID. “Lianne Me.
`
`(See UPnP Device Architecture 2.0, Sept 1, 2014 at 19}
`
`be different). The field value of the NEXTBOOTID.UPNP.ORG header field indicates the field
`value of the BOOTID.UPNP.ORG header field that a multi-hon'led device intends to use in
`future announcements after adding a new UPnP-enabled interface. The field value of the
`CONFIGIDMPNRORG header
`field identifies
`the current set of device and service
`descriptions: control points can parse this header field to detect whether they need to send
`new description query messages. The field value of the SEARCHPORTUPNPDRG header
`field identifies the port at which the device listens to unicast Riv-SEARCH messages; control
`points can parse this header field to know to which port unicast M-SEARCH messages shall
`he sent. These header fields are explained in detail below.
`
`(See UPnP Device Architecture 2.0, Sept 1, 20M at 21)
`
`Device available ~NO‘I'IFYviiItII udp:allve
`1.2.2
`When a device is added to the network.
`it shall multicasl discovery messages to advertise its
`root device, any embedded devices. and any services. Each discovery message shall contain
`four major components:
`
`a) A notification type {e.g.. device type]. sent in an NT {Notification Type} headerfieid.
`b) A composite identifier for the advertisement. sent in a USN (Unique Seniice Name] header
`field.
`:3 A URL tor more information about the device (or encloeing device in the case of a service}.
`sent in a LOCATION header field.
`6) A duration tor which the advertisement is valid. sent in a CACHE-CONTROL header field.
`To advertise its capabilities. a device mullicasla a number of discovery messages. Specifically.
`a root device shell muitieast:
`
`
`
`See UPnP Device Architecture 2,0, Sent 1, 2014 at 24
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`Confidential -- April 9, 2015
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`(See UPnP Device Architecture 2.0. Sept 1, 2014 at 25)
`
`
`
`In addition or alternatively, applications installed or downloadable onto Apple Relevant Devices include service
`repository software components. For example, iTunes includes a service repository component.
`iTunes allows
`WLAN Devices to Sync with Apple Relevant Devices Over Wi-Fi and share media services. As shown below,
`iTunes identifies which media-sharing services (e.g.. apps. music. movies. TV Shows, photos} are available from
`
`each WLAN Device connected to the Apple Relevant Device.
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`Confidential - April 9, 2015
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`As another example, AirPrint includes a service reposilory component that identifies a printing service when a
`WLAN Device (a printer) becomes available, as shown below.
`
`
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`Confidential — April 9, 2015
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`As another example, Apple’s Handoff and other Continuity features allow Apple Relevant Devices to share and
`Synchronize Network Services such as Mai], Safari, Maps, Messages, Reminders, Calendars, Contacts, Pages,
`Numbers, Keynote. and other applications with iOS WLAN Devices. These features include service repository
`software components to identify the Network Services provided by WLAN Devices connected via Wi-Fi.
`
` J
`
`(See Apple’s Support Webpage, “Connect your iPhone, iPad, iPod touch, and Mac using Continuity")
`
`xk
`
`As another example, AirPlay includes a service repository component that identifies a displaying service when a
`WLAN Device (cg, Apple TV) becomes available over Wi-Fi, as shown below.
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`Confidential -— April 9, 2015
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`
`Streaming.
`
`
`
`(See Apple‘s Webpage, “Play content from your iPhone, iPad, iPod touch, or Mac on your HDTV”)"”
`
`Control playback
`Drag to skip
`
`Tap to show or
`
`forward or back. I
`hide the ooniroIs.
`
`
`__ 45.1
`..-
`
`‘
`i
`
`
`
` Drag to adjust Watch on a TV
`
`the volume.
`with Apple TV.
`
`(See iPhone User Guide (108 Version 8.1) at 101)
`
`
`
`As another example, Apple Home Sharing includes a service repository component that identifies media-sharing
`
`services when a W LAN Device (e.g., Apple TV, laptop) becomes available over Wi-Fi, as shown below.
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`Home Sharing with your lPl'I-CY‘C‘,
`iI-‘a-Ci. iPc-ct teach. and ”apple
`station or late-J
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`Confidential — April 9. 2015
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`rotocols.
`
`
`Apple Relevant Devices may also include or be compatible with other applications that have service repository
`software components that identify Network Services as described in the APIs and frameworks described above,
`andr’or by Wi-Fi Direct (P2P), Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA). andi’or
`reasonabl
`similar
`
`Claim 4
`
`(See Apple’s Support Website, “Learn more about Home Sharing”)
`
`X\1
`
`
`
`The content corresponding to Claim 1 and Claim 14 are hereby incorporated by reference. At any particular time.
`an Apple Relevant Device will identify whether a service is available at a particular time as discussed in “service
`repository software component” of Claim ] and Claim 14.
`
`The system of claim I,
`wherein the service
`repository software
`component identifies
`in addition. as shown below, changes in availability of a service are identified to application programs via the
`whether the service is
`available at a particular
`Bonjour notification capability.
`time.
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`Confidential — April 9, 2015
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`8. Does Bonjour have any kind of subscription or notification
`mechanism?
`
`Yes. The reason that many people seem to be unaware that Bonjour also does notification is probably because it IS
`Simply an intrinsic property of the discovery protocol. With a well-designed discovery protocol. the same protocol
`that you use to discover some piece of information is also used to discover changes to that information. Discovery
`of static Information. and discovery of variable information. and discovering when variable information changes are
`alljust different paints on the same spectrum. For an example of an application using Bonjour ”notifications”. check
`out Messages. When you change your Status lron'i “Avallahle‘ to "Away” or type in a status message. all other
`Messages clients on the local network are notified of the change.
`This technique is described lurlher In .N'S.-Ver5erv:(e5 and (.‘F-VetSenrtes Programming Crude.
`
`[See Apple’s Developer Webpage, “Bonjour — Frequently Asked Questions")
`Claim 5
`
`xvii
`
`The content corresponding to Claim 1 is hereby incorporated by reference. As discussed in the “service repository
`software component" of Claim 1, Apple Relevant Devices include DNS software components. The Apple
`Relevant Devices each have a software component {e.g., Wireless Hotspot Features,
`iOS, andfor Bonjour
`software) that includes a DNS component to translate between a human readable name and a second IP address,
`For example, as shown below, iOS provides Core-Foundation-layer and POSIX-layer name resolver APIs for
`obtaining IP addresses for a hostname.
`Resolve DNS Mommas. OS :1 and i0: provide Comteundat'ion—Iayer and POSllHayer name resolver APIs
`lot obtaining DP addresses for a hoslname. to learn about limp my. «and Designing tor Real-World
`Networks [page 12]. “mover, ifyou arr» resolving hosts because you want to connect to them. you should
`gonnrally connect by namo instead. Fiend Mord Flt-sowing DNS Name! Below Connecting to a Host [page. 53]
`in lvording Common Networking Mistakes lpaqe 48! to learn why.
`{See A n ile’s Develo uer Web ua_e, “Networkin_ Overview"}
`
`Claim 6
`
`is hereby incorporated by reference. Apple Relevant Devices include
`The content corresponding to Claim l
`security software components that allow the Apple Relevant Devices to control access between the cellular
`network and the Apple Relevant Device. For example, Apple Relevant Devices include sofiware that utilizes
`VPNs (Virtual Private Networks), Bluetooth pairing, andfor adheres to security protocols such as Wi—Fi Protected
`Access {WPA) andfor WPA 11. Apple Relevant Devices also include Network Service passwords, such as an
`iTunes or iCloud password, which control access between the cellular network and the Apple Relevant Device.
`
`
`
`The system of claim 1,
`wherein the sofiware
`
`component includes a
`domain naming service
`(“DNS”) software
`component to "3.1151326
`between a human
`readable name and a
`second Internet Protocol
`(“IP”) address.
`
`
`
`The system of claim 1,
`wherein the sofiware
`
`component includes a
`security software
`component to control
`access between the
`cellular network and the
`first wireless device.
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`is hereby incorporated by reference. The software components of Apple
`The content corresponding to Claim 1
`Relevant Devices include plug and play software components that load and execute Network Service software for
`the WLAN Devices. For example, Apple Relevant Devices include Bonjour, which allows zero configuration
`networking using IrtDNS and various other APIs and protocols discussed above in Claim 1.
`
`The system of claim I,
`wherein the software
`component includesa
`plug and play software
`component to load and
`execute software for the
`
`
`second wireiess device.
`
`
`Claim 14
`The system of claim I,
`
`
`wherein the second
`wireless device includes
`
`
`
`
`
`
`repository software
`component.
`
`For exam le, Network Services ma be re istered with the mDNSRes onder Daemon via DNSServiceRe ister.
`
`
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`Confidential — April 9. 2015
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`
`Claim 7
`
`The system of claim 1,
`is hereby incorporated by reference. A WLAN Device is the claimed
`The content corresponding to Claim 1
`wherein the second
`second wireless device, A WLAN Device may be a thin terminal such as a printer, camera, or Apple Watch. For
`wireless device is a thin
`example, Apple Relevant Devices can communicate wirelessly with printers via applications such as AirPrint as
`terminal.
`discussed in “service repository software component” of Claim 1. (See Apple's Support Webpage, “About
`
`AirPrint")x"'"
`
`
`Claim 12
`
`
`
`
`
`
`an application software
`component that registers
`an availability ofthe
`service with the service
`
`is hereby incorporated by reference. As described in “service repository
`The content corresponding to Claim 1
`software component" of Claim 1, a WLAN Device is the claimed second wireless device and includes Network
`Service applications or software that register an availability of a Network Service with the service repository
`