Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TC P/IP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Sewers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Page I-
`
`

`
`
`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCPIIP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCPIIP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`PageI<—
`
`

`
`
`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Cha ter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT
`
` or caa nyrn
`
`e
`in ows
`Using TCP/IP for Connectivity to the Internet
`TCP/IP for Heterogeneous Networking
`Using TCP/IP with Third-Party Software
`
`or s
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Page I-
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`
`
`Installin and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`
`
`Configuring TCP/IP Manuall
`
`Configuring SNMP A ent Information
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`Internetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCPIIP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networkin Concepts for TCPIIP
`
`ransmission
`
`on ro
`
`ro oco an
`
`nternet Protocol
`
`User Datagram Protocol
`Address Resolution Protocol and Internet Control Message Protocol
`
`Network ID and Host ID
`Subnet Masks
`
`Routing and IP Gateways
`
`Dinamic Host Confiiuration Protocol
`
`‘I
`
`B-Node
`P—Node
`MNode
`HNode
`BNode with LMHOSTS and Combinations
`Windows lntemet Name Service and Broadcast Name Resolution
`WINS in a Routed Environment
`
`WINS Name Registration
`WINS Name Release
`WINS Name Renewal
`
`IP Addressing for RAS
`Name Resolution with Host Files
`
`Domain Name System Addressing
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using-the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCPIIP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`

`
`
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TC P/IP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`lnstallin and Confi uring DHCP Servers
`
`Cha ter4
`
`
`
`Changing Scope Properties
`Removin a Sco e
`
`Creating New DHCP Options
`Changing DHCP Option Values
`Defining Options for Reservations
`Predefined DHCP Client Configuration Options
`
`Mana in Client Reservations
`
`
`
`Backin u the DHCP Database onto Another Computer
`
`Re ist Parameters for DHCP Clients
`
`Dynamic Allocation of JP Addresses
`Manual Allocation of IP Addresses
`
`Guidelines for Lease Options
`Guidelines for Partitioning the Address Pool
`Guidelines for Avoiding DNS Naming Conflicts
`Usin DHCP with Diskless Workstations
`
`Pianning a Large—Sca|e Strategy for DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`PageI<—
`
`

`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCPIIP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 4
`Cha ter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`lnstallin and Confi urin WINS Servers
`
`
`
`Configuring Replication Partners
`Configuring Replication Partner Properties
`
`Triggering Reilication Between Partners
`
`Editing Static Mappings
`Filtering the Range of Mappings
`Managing Special Names
`Normal Group Names
`Multihomed Names
`
`Internet Group Names
`How WINS Handles S ecial Names
`
`
` ooting
`
`Viewing the WINS Database
`Backin U the Database
`
`Restoring or Moving the WINS Database
`Restoring a WINS Database
`Restarting and Rebuilding a Down WINS Sewer
`Movin the WINS Database
`
`all
`
`Registry Parameters for Replication Partners
`Parameters for Push Partners
`Parameters for Pull Partners
`
`Planning Replication Partners and Proxies
`Planning Replication Frequency Between Hubs
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCPIIP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCPIIP
`
`Page 9 (-
`
`

`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Pagel:
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Setting U LMHOSTS Chapter 6
`
`Guidelines for LMHOSTS
`
`Designating Domain Controllers Using #DOM
`Using Centralized LMHOSTS Files
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Page -of]
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`Chapter 6
`Cha ter 7 Usin the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
` d Prompt
`
`Managing Users
`Controlling the FTP Server and User Access
`Annotating Directories
`Changing Directory Listing Format
`Customizing Greeting and Exit Messages
`
`Loiclflnclz FTP Connections
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`Internetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`ou
`o
`IP Performance Counters
`Network Interface Performance Counters for TCP/IP
`TCP Performance Counters
`UDP Performance Counters
`
`
`
`Chapter 9
`
`Internetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Pagel:
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCPIIP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCPIIP Services
`Cha ter 9
`lnternetwork Printin with TCPIIP
`
`
`
`
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Page 14 MES
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`Chapter4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TC P/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshootin TCP/IP
`
`
`
`Problems
`Name Resolution Problems in HOSTS
`Name Resolution Problems in LMHOSTS
`Troubleshootin Other Connection Problems
`
` ervice
`
`Troubleshooting Telnet
`
`Troubleshootini Gatewais
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Pagels 0:
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring‘ Microsoft TCPIIP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCPIIP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`Page. *8
`
`

`
`
`
`Page I‘!
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1
`
`Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCPIIP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCPIIP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCPIIP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`A endix A MIB 0b'ect T
`es for Windows NT
`
`
`
`Server Group
`Workstation Group
`Domain Grou
`
`DHCP Scope Group
`
`WINS Datafiles Group
`WINS Pull Group
`WINS Push Group
`WINS Cmd Group
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`
`
`
`Page! 01-
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`Welcome
`
`Chapter 1 Overview of Microsoft TC P/IP for Windows NT
`
`Chapter 2
`
`Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP
`
`Chapter 3 Networking Concepts for TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 4
`
`Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers
`
`Chapter 5
`
`Installing and Configuring WINS Servers
`
`Chapter 6
`
`Setting Up LMHOSTS
`
`Chapter 7 Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service
`
`Chapter 8 Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services
`
`Chapter 9
`
`lnternetwork Printing with TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 10 Troubleshooting TCP/IP
`
`Chapter 11 Utilities Reference
`
`Appendix A MIB Object Types for Windows NT
`
`Appendix B Windows Sockets Applications
`Vendors
`
`Internet Sources for Applications
`
`
`
`Pagel:
`
`

`
`
`
`Welcome
`
`Welcome to Microsoft® TCP/IP for Windows NTTM.
`
`Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a networking protocol that provides
`communication across interconnected networks. This manual, Microsoft Windows NT Server
`TCP/IP, describes how to install, configure, and troubleshoot Microsoft TCP/IP on a computer
`running the Microsoft Windows NT Workstation or Windows NT Server operating system. It also
`provides a reference for the TCP/IP utilities and information about how to install and use the other
`TCP/IP services such as the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server service, TCP/IP printing, and
`Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), plus the software to support new dynamic
`configuration and name resolution services.
`
`This manual assumes that you are familiar with the Microsoft Windows NT operating system. if
`you are not familiar with this product, refer to your Microsoft Windows NT documentation set.
`
`This introduction provides the following basic information:
`
`What's new in this release
`
`How to use this manual
`
`Document conventions
`
`Finding more information
`
`
`
`Page-:
`
`

`
` What's New in This Release?
`
`In this new version of Windows NT, TCP/IP capabilities have been expanded to include automatic
`TCP/IP configuration and powerful name resolution capabilities through the addition ofnew
`protocols and supporting administrative tools. New TCP/IP utilities plus the addition of
`performance counters for TCP/IP and related services will also help make administrative tasks
`easier. New elements include the following:
`
`Enhanced speed and performance
`
`Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
`
`Microsoft TCP/IP supports automatic TCP/IP configuration through the new DHCP service.
`When DHCP sewers are installed on the network, users can take advantage of dynamic IP
`address allocation and management.
`. Windows Internet Name Service (WINS)
`
`Microsoft TCP/IP provides a powerful, new name resolution service for easy, centralized
`management of computer name-to-[P address resolution in medium and large internetworks.
`I New TCP/IP utilities and commands
`This version includes a new Windows-based Telnet accessory for connecting to remote
`systems. The utilities provided with Microsoft TCP/IP have been expanded to inciude ipconfig
`for displaying current TCP/IP network configuration values, tracert for determining the route
`taken to a destination, lpq for showing print queue status for TCP/IP printing, and lpr for
`printing a file in TCP/IP printing.
`I Performance counters
`You can use Performance Monitor to track performance of the IP protocols, FTP Server
`service traffic, and WINS servers. You can also use SNMP to monitor and manage WINS and
`DHCP servers.
`I Multiple default gateways
`You can configure multiple default gateways for Windows NT computers. This ensures
`maximum reliability in networks that offer redundant routes.
`I TCP/IP printing
`With TCP/IP printing installed on a single Windows NT computer on the network, other
`Windows networking computers can print to a direct-connect TCP/IP printer or a
`UNlX®—connected printer, without any special client software.
`
`
`
`

`
` owto Use his
`
`anual
`
`This manual contains the following chapters and appendix:
`
`Chapter 1, "Overview of Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT"
`Describes the elements that make up Microsoft TCP/IP and provides an overview of how you
`can use Microsoft TCP/IP to support various networking solutions.
`
`Chapter 2, "lnstaI|ing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP and SNMP"
`Describes the process for installing and configuring Microsoft TCP/IP, SNMP, and Remote
`Access Service (RAS) with TCP/IP on a computer running Windows NT.
`
`Chapter 3, "Networking Concepts for TCP/|P"
`Presents key TCP/IP networking concepts for network administrators interested in a technical
`discussion of the elements that make up Microsoft TCP/IP.
`
`Chapter 4, "Installing and Configuring DHCP Servers"
`Presents the procedures and strategies for setting up servers to support the Dynamic Host
`Configuration Protocol for Windows networks.
`
`Chapter 5, "|nstalIing and Configuring WINS Servers"
`Presents the procedures and strategies for setting up Windows Internet Name Service servers.
`
`Chapter 6, "Setting Up LMHOSTS"
`Provides guidelines and tips for using LMHOSTS files for name resolution on networks.
`
`Chapter 7, "Using the Microsoft FTP Server Service"
`Describes how to install, configure, and administer the Microsoft FTP Server service.
`
`Chapter 8, "Using Performance Monitor with TCP/IP Services"
`Describes how to use the performance counters for TCP/IP, FTP Server service, DHCP
`sewers, and WINS servers.
`
`Chapter 9, "Internetvvork Printing and TCP/|P"
`Describes how to install TCP/IP printing and create TCP/IP printers on Windows NT
`computers with Microsoft TCP/IP.
`
`Chapter 10, "Troubleshooting TCP/I P"
`Describes how to troubleshoot IP connections and use the diagnostic utilities to get
`information that will help solve networking problems.
`
`Chapter 11, "Utilities Reference"
`Describes the TCP/IP utilities and provides syntax and notes.
`
`Appendix A, "LAN Manager MIB II for Windows NT Objects"
`Describes the LAN Manager MIB ll objects provided when you install SNMP with Windows NT.
`
`Appendix B, "Windows Sockets Application Vendors"
`Lists third-party vendors who have created software based on the Windows Sockets standard
`to provide utilities and applications that run in heterogeneous networks that use TCP/IP. This
`appendix also lists Internet sources for public—domain software based on Windows Sockets.
`
`The Glossary provides definitions of TCP/IP and networking technical terms used in this manual.
`
`You can get online Help by pressing F1 in all dialog boxes for installing and configuring TCP/IP and
`related components. You can also get online Help about the Microsoft TCP/IP networking
`solutions and for the TCP/IP utilities.
`
`. To get help on Microsoft TCP/IP networking solutions
`I In File Manager, double-click TCPIP.HLP in \systemroot\SYSTEM32 (this could be
`C:\WlNNT35\SYSTEM32, or wherever you installed the Windows NT system files).
`
`. To get help on TCPIIP utilities
`I At the command prompt, type a TCP/IP command name followed by the -? switch. For
`
`Page-H
`
`

`
`example, type ping -? and press Enter to get help on the ping command.
`
`Or
`
`1. In the Program Manager Main group, double-click the Windows NT Help icon.
`
`2. In the Windows NT Help window, click the Command Reference Help button.
`
`3. In the Commands window, click a command name.
`
`Or
`
`In the Command Reference window, choose the Search button, and then type a command
`name in the box or select a command name from the list.
`
`
`
`Page-:
`
`

`
`
`
`Documentation Conventions
`
`This manual uses several type styles and special characters, described in the following list:
`
`Convention
`
`Use
`
`bold
`
`italic
`
`Represents commands, command options, and file entries.
`Type bold words exactly as they appear (for example, net
`use)
`
`Introduces new terms and represents variables. For example,
`the variable computer name indicates that you type the name
`of a workstation or a server.
`
`ALL
`UPPERCASE
`
`Represents fllenames and paths. (You can, however, type
`such entries in uppercase or lowercase letters, or a
`combination of the two.)
`
`SMALL CAPWALS Represents keyboard names (for example, CTRL, ENTER, and
`F2).
`
`[brackets]
`
`Encloses optional items in syntax statements. For example, [
`password] indicates that you can choose to type a password
`with the command. Type only the information within the
`brackets, not the brackets themselves.
`
`ellipsis)
`
`Indicates a command element may be repeated.
`
`Indicates a procedure.
`
`Windows NT
`
`Refers to operating system and networking functionality that
`is available in both Windows NT Server and Windows NT
`Workstation.
`
`\W|NNT or
`\systemroot
`
`Refers to the Windows NT system tree. This can be \WlNNT,
`\WlNNT35, \WlNDOWS, or whatever other directory name
`you specified when installing Windows NT.
`
`
`
`Page-
`
`

`
`
`
`Finding More Information
`
`In addition to the standard ways for receiving technical support from Microsoft (as described in the
`Windows NT Server Installation Guide), you can get support for Windows NT via the lntemet.
`
`!our computer must be connected to the Internet to take advantage of this service.
`
`get Windows NT support via the Internet
`
`Start ftp and connect to ftp.microsoft.com
`
`This support service uses anonymous FTP under Windows NT to provide documentation, utilities,
`updated drivers, and other information for many Microsoft systems products.
`
`For a more technical discussion of the topics mentioned in this manual, refer to the following texts
`and articles:
`
`Allard, J. "DHCP—TCPl|P
`Network Configuration Made
`Easy," Connexions, Volume 7,
`No. 8, August 1993.
`Allard, J., K. Moore, and D.
`Treadwell. "Plug into Serious
`Network Programming with the
`Windows Sockets AP|,"
`Microsoft Systems Journal,
`July: 35 40,1993.
`
`Comer, D. /nternetworking with
`TCP/IP Volume 1: Principles,
`Protocols, and Architecture.
`Second edition. Englewood
`Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
`
`Comer, D. and D. Stevens.
`/nternetworklng with TCP/IP
`Volume II: Design,
`Implementation, and internals.
`Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice
`Hall, 1991.
`Comer, D. and D. Stevens.
`lnternetworking with TCP/lP
`Volume III: Client-Server
`
`Programming and Applications.
`Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice
`Hall, 1991.
`
`Hall, M., et al. Windows
`Sockets: An Open Interface for
`Network Programming Under
`Microsoft Windows, Version
`1.1, Revision A, 1993.
`Krol, E. The Whole Internet
`User's Guide and Catalog.
`Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly and
`Associates, 1992.
`
`Page! =
`
`

`
`Rose, MT. The Simple Book.
`Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice
`Hall, 1991.
`
`
`
`
`
`

`
` Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for
`
`Windows NT
`
`Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCPIIP) is a networking protocol that provides
`communication across interconnected networks made up of computers with diverse hardware
`architectures and various operating systems. TCPIIP can be used to communicate with
`Windows NT systems, with devices that use other Microsoft networking products, and with
`non-Microsoft systems, such as UNIX.
`
`This chapter introduces Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT. The topics in this chapter include the
`following:
`
`What is TCPIIP for Windows NT?
`
`What does Microsoft TCP/IP include?
`
`Windows NT solutions in TCPIIP internetworks
`
`For more detailed information on TCPIIP and its integration with Microsoft Windows NT and other
`networking products, see Chapter 3, "Networking Concepts for TCP/lP."
`
`
`
`Page—I
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`

`
` What Is TCP/IP for Windows NT?
`
`The TCP/IP protocol family is a standard set of networking protocols, or rules, that govern how
`data is passed between computers on a network. TCP/IP is used to connect the Internet, the
`worldwide internetwork connecting over two million universities, research labs, U.S. defense
`installations, and corporations. (By convention, "lnternet" is capitalized when referring to the
`worldwide internetwork.) These same protocols can be used in private internetworks that connect
`several local area networks.
`
`Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows NT enables enterprise networking and connectivity on Windows NT
`computers. Adding TCP/IP to a Windows NT configuration offers the following advantages:
`I A standard, routable enterprise networking protocol that is the most complete and accepted
`protocol available. All modern operating systems offer TCP/IP support, and most large
`networks rely on TCP/IP for much of their network traffic.
`I A technology for connecting dissimilar systems. Many standard connectivity utilities are
`available to access and transfer data between dissimilar systems, including File Transfer
`Protocol (FTP) and Terminal Emulation Protocol (Telnet). Several of these standard utilities
`are included with Windows NT.
`I A robust, scalable, cross—p|atform client—server framework. Microsoft TCP/IP supports the
`Windows Sockets 1.1 interface, which is ideal for developing client—server applications that
`can run with Windows Sockets-compliant stacks from other vendors. Many pub|ic—domain
`Internet tools are also written to the Windows Sockets standard. Windows Sockets
`
`applications can also take advantage of other networking protocols such as Microsoft
`NWLink, the Microsoft implementation of the lPX/SPX protocols used in Novell® NetWare®
`networks.
`I The enabling technology necessary to connect Windows NT to the global Internet. TCP/IP,
`Point to Point Protocol (PPP), and Windows Sockets 1.1 provide the foundation needed to
`connect and use Internet services.
`
`
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`Page-
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`
`
`Include
`
`
`
`a
`
`oes‘
`
`Icrosot
`
`Microsoft TCP/IP provides all the elements necessary to implement these protocols for
`networking. Microsoft TCP/IP includes the following:
`I Core TCP/IP protocols, including the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Internet Protocol
`(IP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), and Internet Control
`Message Protocol (ICMP). This suite of Internet protocols provides a set of standards for how
`computers communicate and how networks are interconnected. Support is also provided for
`PPP and Serial—Line IP (SLIP), which are protocols used for dial—up access to TCP/IP
`networks, including the Internet.
`
`Support for application interfaces, including Windows Sockets 1.1 for network programming,
`remote procedure call (RPC) for communicating between systems, NetBlOS for establishing
`logical names and sessions on the network, and network dynamic data exchange (Network
`DDE) for sharing information embedded in documents across the network.
`
`Basic TCP/IP connectivity utilities, including finger, ftp, lpr, rcp, rexec, rsh, telnet, and tftp.
`These utilities allow Windows NT users to interact with and use resources on non-Microsoft
`hosts, such as UNIX workstations.
`
`TCP/IP diagnostic tools, including arp, hostname, ipconfig, Ipq, nbtstat, netstat, ping,
`route, and traced. These utilities can be used to detect and resolve TCP/lP networking
`problems.
`
`Services and related administrative tools, including the FTP Server service for transferring files
`between remote computers, Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) for dynamically
`registering and querying computer names on an lnternetwork, Dynamic Host Configuration
`Protocol (DHCP) service for automatically configuring TCP/IP on Windows NT computers, and
`TCP/IP printing for accessing printers connected to a UNIX computer or connected directly to
`the network via TCP/IP.
`
`Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent. This component allows a Windows NT
`computer to be administered remotely using management tools such as Sun® Net Manager or
`HP® Open View. SNMP can also be use to monitor and manage DHCP servers and WINS
`servers.
`I The client software for simple network protocols, including Character Generator, Daytime,
`Discard, Echo, and Quote of the Day. These protocols allow a Windows NT computer to
`respond to requests from other systems that support these protocols. When these protocols
`are installed, a sample QUOTES files is also installed in the lsystemrootl
`SYSTEM32\DRlVERS\ETC directory.
`I Path MTU Discovery, which provides the ability to determine the datagram size for all routers
`between Windows NT computers and any other systems on the WAN. Microsoft TCP/IP also
`supports the Internet Gateway Multicast Protocol (IGMP), which is used by new workgroup
`software products.
`
`The following diagram shows the elements of Microsoft TCP/IP alongside the variety of additional
`applications and connectivity utilities provided by Microsoft and other developers.
`
`Page]
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`

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`
`
`Microsoft TCP/IP: Core Technology and Third-Party Add-ons
`
`TCP/IP standards are defined in Requests for Comments (RFCs), which are published by the
`Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and other working groups. The relevant RFCs supported in
`this version of Microsoft TCP/IP (and for Microsoft Remote Access Service) are described in the
`following table.
`
`Requests for Comments (RFCs) Supported by Microsoft TCP/IP
`RFC
`Title
`
`768
`783
`
`791
`
`792
`
`793
`
`826
`
`854
`
`862
`
`863
`
`864
`
`865
`867
`894
`
`User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
`Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
`
`Internet Protocol (IP)
`
`Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
`
`Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
`
`Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
`
`Telnet Protocol (TELNET)
`
`Echo Protocol (ECHO)
`
`Discard Protocol (DISCARD)
`
`Character Generator Protocol (CHARGEN)
`
`Quote of the Day Protocol (QUOTE)
`Daytime Protocol (DAYTIME)
`IP over Ethernet
`
`919, 922
`
`IP Broadcast Datagrams (broadcasting with subnets)
`
`File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
`959
`1001, 1002 NetBIOS Service Protocols
`
`1034, 1035 Domain Name System (DOMAIN)
`1042
`IP over Token Ring
`
`1055
`
`Transmission of IP over Serial Lines (IP-SLIP)
`
`lntemet Gateway Multicast Protocol (IGMP)
`1112
`1122, 1123 Host Requirements (communications and applications)
`
`1134
`
`1144
`
`Point to Point Protocol (PPP)
`
`Compressing TCPIIP Headers for Low-Speed Serial Links
`
`Page 30 of 158
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`1157
`1179
`
`1188
`
`1191
`’201
`
`‘231
`
`‘332
`’334
`
`’533
`
`‘534
`
`‘541
`‘542
`
`‘547
`‘548
`
`‘549
`
`’552
`‘553
`
`Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
`Line Printer Daemon Protocol
`
`IP over FDDI
`
`Path MTU Discovery
`IP over ARCNET
`
`IEEE 802.5 Token Ring MIB (MlB-ll)
`
`PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP)
`PPP Authentication Protocols
`
`DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions
`
`lnteroperation Between DHCP and BOOTP
`
`Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
`Clarifications and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol
`
`Requirements for Point to Point Protocol (PPP)
`Point to Point Protocol (PPP)
`
`PPP in High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) Framing
`
`PPP lnternetwork Packet Exchange Control Protocol (IPXCP)
`lPX Header Compression
`
`Link Control Protocol (LCP) Extensions
`‘570
`Draft RFCs NetB|OS Frame Control Protocol (NBFCP); PPP over ISDN; PPP
`over X.25; Compression Control Protocol
`
`All RFCs can be found on the Internet via ds.internic.net.
`
`In this version of Windows NT, Microsoft TCP/IP does not include a complete suite of TCP/iP
`connectivity utilities, Network File System (NFS) support, or some TCP/IP server services
`(daemons) such as routed and telnetd. Many such applications and utilities that are available in
`the public domain or from third—party vendors work with Microsoft TCP/lP.
`
`windows for Workgroups computers and MS—DOSbased computers on a Microsoft network,
`
`you can install the new version of Microsoft TCP/IP-32 for Windows for Workgroups and the
`Microsoft Network Client version 2.0 for MS—DOS from the Windows NT Server 3.5 compact disc.
`This software includes the DHCP and WINS clients and other elements of the new Microsoft
`
`TCP/IP software. For information about installing these clients, see Chapter 9, "Network Client
`Administrator," in the Windows NT Server Installation Guide.
`
`
`
`Page -01:8
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`

`
` Windows NT Solutions in TCPIIP lnternetworks
`
`When TCP/lP is used as a transport protocol with Windows NT, Windows NT computers can
`communicate with other kinds of systems without additional networking software. Microsoft
`TCPIIP in combination with other parts of Windows NT provides a scalable solution for enterprise
`networks that include a mix of system types and software on many platforms.
`
`This section summarizes how TCPIIP works with Windows NT to provide enterprise networking
`solutions. For information about how the elements discussed in this section fit within the
`
`networking architecture, see "TCPIIP and Windows NT Networking" in Chapter 3, "Networking
`Concepts for TCPIIP."
`
`
`
`Page --53
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`

`
`
`
`I Overview of Microsoft TCPIIP for Windows NT 5of8
`
`Windows NT Solutions in TCPIIP lnternetworks
`
`Using TCPIIP for Scalability in Windows Networks
`
`TCPIIP delivers a scalable internetworking technology widely supported by hardware and software
`vendors.
`
`When TCPIIP is used as the enterprise networking protocol, the Windows networking solutions
`from Microsoft can be used on an existing internetwork to provide client and server support for
`TCPIIP and connectivity utilities. These solutions include:
`
`I Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 3.5, with enhancements to support wide area networks
`(WAN), TCPIIP printing, extended LMHOSTS, Windows Sockets 1.1, FTP Server service
`software, and DHCP and WINS client software.
`
`I Microsoft Windows NT Sewer 3.5, with the same enhancements as Windows NT, plus DHCP
`sewer and WINS server software to support the implementation of these new protocols.
`
`I Microsoft TCP/IP-32 for Windows for Workgroups 3.11, with Windows Sockets