E‘E’
`'"E E N T E;
`
`5BIFEIIGN
`
`Merriam—
`
`‘Webster,
`
`Incorporated
`
`Springfield
`
`, M
`
`assachusetts, U .S.A.
`
`Page 1 0f 6
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`VERIZON EXHIBIT 1006
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`Page 1 of 6
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`VERIZON EXHIBIT 1006
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`

`

`A GENUINE MERRIAM-WEBSTER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`The name Webster alone is no guarantee of excellence. It is used by a
`number of publishers and may serve mainly to mislead an unwary
`buyer.
`
`the name you Should look for when you
`is
`[Merriam-.I/VebsterT"‘
`consider the purchase of dictionaries or other fine reference books.
`It carries the reputation of a company that has been publishing Since
`1831 and is your assurance of quality and authority.
`
`Copyright (C) 2001 by Merriam-Webster. Incorporated
`
`Philippines Copyright 2001 by Merriam—Webster. Incorporated
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`Main entry under title:
`'
`
`Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary. ~— lOth ed.
`p.
`din.
`Includes index.
`ISBN 0*87779-708-0 (unindexed : alk. paper). —— ISBN 0-87779—709-9
`(indexed : alk. paper). - ISBN 0-87779-710-2 (deluxe indexed : alk. paper).
`~— ISBN 0—87779-‘707—2 (laminated cover, unindexed).
`1. English language——Dictionaries.
`I. Merriam—Webster, Inc.
`PE1628.I\/136
`I998
`423<~~dc21
`
`97-41846
`C‘IP
`
`Merriam—Webster’s Collegiate‘in Dictionary. Tenth Edition principal copyright 1993
`
`COLLEGIATE is a registered trademark of Merriam—Webster, Incorporated
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book covered by the copyrights hereon may be
`reproduced or copied in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or me—
`chanical,
`including photocopying,1 taping, or information storage and retrieval
`systcms~~withoui written permission of the publisher.
`
`Made in the United States of America
`
`313233RT2WC01
`
`Page 2 0f 6
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`Page 2 of 6
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`,
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`,
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`'
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`
`7
`catntuunn-cious \.l<iiuvtii-'ma~shas, -tyii-'. -cha-'\ adj (ca. 1600) i
`boruiy titsobcdient I REBELLIoUs — con-tu-ma-cious-iy ”(Iv
`'slull}
`convtu-mn-cy \kan-‘t'Li-Ina-sé, -'ty .
`iin-
`-l)'i1~. -Cha-\II [ME‘ 6
`
`
`
`IIItIL'I'e,' fI'. L coIIIIIIIIrIL'I'rIZ fr.
`l'UliltHlillC-. wIIIIIIuILv rebellious] '0’
`.
`:stubburu resistance to authority: spa :I' willful contempt of $.93?)
`i
`eon-(u-mc-ii-ou ,\.ltiin-ti1-'mé-iE-as. -tyit
`.-cimi'\ adj (15c) : insoln
`
`abusive and humI iating -
`eon-('u-nte-ii‘ous-lyrldv
`E
`
`
`eon-iunIe-ly\kfiw'tfi-ma— ken—.Jtyii
`'ltitn—Iii-.mE—16.Ayn—[gemf4
`"I'I(IIIIiL'I" 'kiin—(,)tyiim-|E or 'kiin~cham~\ 11.[1/ -lies [ME L‘allltllneligll
`f
`:-
`MF. fr. L. maul/Helm] (iiic) I harsh language or treatment arising [‘ [it
`haughtiness and contempt: also I an instance 01' such language o
`tum
`meut
`.
`.
`.
`”Bait
`con-tu-ston \lmn-‘tti-zhan. -'tyliv\ II [ME contest/mum. fr. MF ‘calIlini'l’:
`.15
`fr. cu
`0
`fr. L cDIIIIIsIaII-, canals-Ia. fr. chIundeI-I' to pound. bruise.
`1e
`Ituideru to beat: akin to Goth smumu to strike. Skt IIIdaIi 1
`"hi
`(15C) I injury to tissue usu. without laceration I BRUIsE la 4 .33le
`\—'tiiz. -'Iytiz\ w
`7
`4
`_
`.
`s “it
`
`co-nun-drum \ka-‘nau—drenn It [origin unknown] (1645)
`1 =
`i. n
`
`,
`whose answer is or involves a pun 2 u :‘a question or problem he «
`only a conjecturai answer
`b I an intricate and difficult problem ““177
`
`con-ur-ba-t’ion \.kfi-(.)nor-'bftzshon\ II [EOIH— + L III‘b—. urbs oily] (1"9'1'3 ‘3'
`
`
`I an aggregation or continuous network of urban communities .
`5)
`
`co-nus ant
`ri o-sus \‘ko—n:s-iir-.tir-E—'o-sas\ I1. pl co-ni 'nr-(éf'
`\—.ni—iir—.tir-e-‘o—.si\ [NL, iit.. arterial cone] (ca. 1860)
`1 III eon cal
`
`iongation of the right ventricle in mammals from which the puih’m
`arteries emerge —~ called also man: 2 -. a prolongation of the v
`_
`ehtn'
`.
`of ampitibians'a'nd some fishes that has a spiral valv
`c separatutg ve ‘
`
`blood going to the respiratory
`‘arteries from blood going to‘the"
`and systemic arteries ,
`.
`.
`.
`
`
`conrva-lescc \.ltiiu-va~'ies\ vi -iesecd-, -Iesc-ing [L cd/Ivnlerceie, fric'a
`
`+ I'fl/EIL‘BI'E to grow strong. fr. yrIIEI'LI to be strong. be well .4 than: 5|" -'
`\\"tELD] (iSc) I to recover health and strength gradually after sick-['13 -
`or weakness — con-va-lcs-ccncc \-‘ievs’n(t)s\ II
`-— C'Dh-Vfi-icstmfifl
`\-s“nt\ adj or II
`7
`,
`.
`.
`. ~.
`,
`
`
` - E
`con-veal \kan—‘v'ekd vb [back-formation fr. cdn’ve'clian] i'f (1881
`transfer heat by convection N vi : to circulate (as air) by com-
`‘ection;
`con'yec-(ive \-'vck—tiv\ adj
`.
`_
`.
`.
`
`:-
`co‘o-vcc-tion \kan-‘vek-sham II [LL mnvcciiuu-. co'nreclt'a. fr. L cai
`IIcre to bring together. tr. cmn— + where to carry ——- more attic—w] (61"
`1623)
`l : the action or.process ofconveying 2 n I the circulatory-m0
`tion that occurs in afiuid at a nonuniform temperature owing in nu
`variation of its density and the action of gravity
`b I the transfer‘ur
`heat by convection -— compare CONDUCT10N. RADIATION —- con-wt:
`tion-al \—shnal. -sh9-n'l\ adj
`.
`,
`7
`-
`
`convection oven II (1973) :‘an oven having a fan that circulates but it's
`uniformly and continuous 5 around food
`V.
`.
`.
`\
`con-vec-tor \—'vel{-tar\ II (1907) I a heating tinlt in which air lIc'at'ed a
`contact with a heating device (as a radialor'or a tube with fins) in us;
`ing circulates by convection
`‘
`.'
`con-vane \kan—'vEn\ vb con-vetted; Con-venting [ME. fr'. MF mam;-
`to come together. fr. L CD"1'£'I1fI'E]t'f(15C) I to come together in a baci-
`~ vi
`1 : to summon before a tribunal
`It
`I to cause to assemble at
`see SUMMDN -— con-vcu-er or con-ve-nor \-'vE-na'r\ II
`..
`I
`'
`'con-ve-nicnce \kan-‘vEn—yan(t)s\ II (Me)
`1 I fitness or suitability to
`performing an action or fulfilling a requirement
`2 a I something (a
`an appliance. device. or service) conducive to comfort or case
`b chin
`Iy HriI : TOILET 3
`3 : a suitable or convenient time (at your e») a
`: freedom from discomfort I EASE
`lconvenience adj (1917) I designed for quick and easy preparationn
`use (N foods)
`.
`.
`convenience Stare II (1965) I a small often franchised market thati
`open long hours
`cnn-vemicn-cy \-yantt)-sé\ n (1601) nrclIm'c : CONVENIENCE
`con-vcmicnt \kan-‘vEn-yant\ adj [ME. fr. L roIII'eIII'enl-. canv'eniens, ll.
`prp. of canchIiIc to come together. be suitable. fr. cam- + I'cIIiret
`come — more at COME] (Me) 1011: I SUITABLE. PROPER 2 a Isuitc
`to personal comfort or to easy performance
`b :suited to a parlicttlz
`situation
`c I affording accommodation or advantage
`3 I being hat.
`at hand :
`l-t:\ND\"—— con-ve-nient-iy udv
`_
`.
`7
`‘con-vcnt \‘kiiu—vant. -.vcnt\ II [ME cquIII. fr. OF. fr. ML caII'I'L’ItIiIr,i
`L. assembly. fr. canvcnire] (l3c) : a local community or house of a Id
`gious order or congregation: esp I an establishment of nuns .
`_
`.
`‘con-vcnt
`\kan-'\'cnt\
`I'b [L wave-urns. pp. of coIII'cIIiI'II]
`(1514) Di,
`ICONVE-NE
`-
`_
`_
`'
`_
`con-veu‘fi-cle \ltau-‘vcn-li~kal\n (ME. fr. chIII'i-IIII'EIIIIIIII. dir'n. ofraI
`venlus assembly] (it-1c)
`I ASSEMBLY. MEETING 2 I an assembly Dfi
`1
`irregular or unlawful character 3 I an assembly for religious v'orsltll
`as]; : a secret meeting for worship not sanctioned by law 4 :’.\1E12Ttn\'t
`HOUSE — eon-ven-ti-cier \-k(a-)tar\n 7
`_
`_
`.
`'
`con-ven-(‘iou \kan»'ventt)~shan\ n [ME-.
`fr. MF or L; M F.
`lt-
`murLIIIII'oII-_. maven/i0,
`fr. euIIvcuire] (15c)
`: AGREEMENT. Cl?!
`1
`II
`TRACT
`h : an agreement between states for regulation of mattersa
`feeling all of them c : a compact between opposing commanders :5
`Concerning prisoner exchange or armistice
`d : a general agt'ct'tltil
`about basic principles or procedureszalm : a principle or procedurctl
`tented as true or correct by convention .2 a I the summoning or E0
`vening of an assembly b I an assembly of persons met for a conunt
`purpose; esp I a meeting of the delegates ofa political party for the It"
`nose of formulating a platform and selecting candidates for offlict
`: the usu. state or national organilation of a religious (lenominattott
`n : usage or custom esp. in social matters
`l) I a rule of conduct nIit
`havior
`c : a practice in bidding or playing that conveys informant
`between partners in a card game (as bridge) 4 d : an established W
`uique. practice. or deVIce (as in literature or the theater)
`i
`:
`tm'III'
`ennvycn-(ionval \ltan-‘vench-nal. -'\'t‘n(t)-sha-n’i\ (Idj (15c)
`by agreementmr compact
`2 a I according with. sanctioned byI
`based on convention l:
`: lacking originality or individuality : TRITB
`naontanv. coamom-mce (2) : NoNNIJCIJL-nt
`I (~ Witt)“
`.accordiug with It mode of artistic representation that Xitnpltflt‘S
`
`
`Im'ittv: ‘
`or ' Ib titutes for natural forms
`h at Irarlitirutalt
`
`It‘lillil zln ;\ cnnvrutir...
`_ Is .
`.
`
`
`
`("unit
`~,[-l.\-.I“.[|rttl'i
`
`rlr
`ii
`,
`I'Hll'”
`
`
`
`(rm-(Inn 'v '-
`
`252
`
`contrasttve o conventtonalist‘
`
`
`
`. is
`state of being so cutnparcd (the Enforced sintpiiCily in this diarv
`in w to the intensity of his former life —~7'I'Inu_\' Lil, Supp.)
`3 . a per-
`son or thing that exhibits differences when compared with another
`con-(ras-Iive \kan-‘trastiv. 'kiin-.\ mljtlSLti) I forming or consisting of
`a contrast —— eon-(‘ras-tive-iy adv
`eon-trusty \'l{i”it1'-.||‘ttS—1E\‘IIIU ( 1891) I having or producing in photogra-
`phy great contrast between highlights and shadows
`con-trafvene\.kiin-Iro-'vt'3n\v1 -vened; -ven-irtg [MF or LL: MF erm-
`II'L'I'L'III'r. fr. LL L-oIIIrt'II'eIII'I'L'. fr. L rolIlrn- + I‘L'Itfl'l? to come - more at
`COME] (1567)
`1 : to go or act Contrary to : \’1('JL.-\TE(~H law)
`2 : to
`oppose in argument : coNTttADICT '(w a proposition)
`syn see DENY
`— eon-tru-vc’n-eru __
`con-tra-ve‘n-t'ion \.kiiiI-trerentti-shan\ II IMF.
`fr. LL contravenI‘I-E]
`(1579) I the act of contravening I VIOLATION
`
`cém-(‘r’ danse \'kiin-l'ra-’.dan(l)s. ko"-tra-tlZ-i"s\ Ii [F conn-EdII/Ise. by folk
`etytnolog‘y fr. E caIIIIrIjI»dflII('e] (1803)
`1 : a folk dancc in which Cou-
`
`ples face each other in two lines or in a square
`2 : apiece of music for
`a contre'datise
`con-t‘re-tcr‘np‘s\ kan-‘tr
`.I-aii". ko“-trs—Ia"'\ Ii, [II-con-tre-(cmps \~t.)tii“(z)\
`_
`‘
`fF, fr.
`Inreicotintcr- + IL‘Ilt/JJ time. fr. L leIIIpIIx] (1769) : an inoppor-
`
`embarrassing occurrence or situation
`
`coh-trIb-‘ute \lt'a'thri-byat. —(.)byiit also & esp biz/braked or -I‘IIg —'tri—bat;
`chiefly
`'
`'
`B luls'o '
`tra-
`'iit\ vb -ut.edI -tIt-ing [L canIribu/ug pp. of
`
`'
`iere to‘g'rant — more at TRIBUTE] 1'] (1530)
`o'inm‘on with others ‘2 : to supply (as an arti»
`
`1 a I to give a part to a common fund or
`vi
`._
` cie')lfo'r a public '
`a sigitifiCHnt‘part in bringing abottt an end or result
`bAt to'play
`stor '
`
`'
`‘
`Ub'
`1: cs to’a’ publication — Con-irib-uitor \—bya—tar. -bo-.
`It a
`
`
`'
`
`
`
`
`
`'ao’r Inary purpose 2 '. the act of contributingfalsa : the
`tlllngfiontnbuted'
`c‘on-trtbvu-tivc \k'an—‘tri-bya-tiv\ adj — con-(rib-
`u.
`\ie.]
`-
`-
`.
`.
`
`byé‘qtoi
`.l.ior—\ ndj (15c)
`1 a ': subject to a
`
`5 men b I contributing to a common fund or
`
`’f. 'rela mg to. in forming a contribution
`
`ttit. ita'
`'\ adj [ME con/I'I'I, fr. MF. fr. ML caIIII'iIIIS, fr.
`L. ‘pp ofcbiIlei'er'e't'o g'r 1d. bruise. fr. L‘Ollt- %— Ierere to rub — more at
`
`THR'O V] (14c)
`1 i grieving'and penilent for sin or shortcoming
`2
`.
`.
`evdiiTg froin conirili'on (N sighs) —— condrite-ly adv —— con-
`trItc-nessn:
`.
`
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`In : a thing contrived; exp
`con-trivaméc \k‘a »'trI-\'éu(t)s\u (ca. 1628)
`:a mechanical device
`13 Ian artificial arrangement or development
`2
`I the actor faculty of coittriving : the stale: of being contrived
`conttrive \k'a'n-‘Iriv\ vb con-(rived; eon-tclv-iug [ME can/raven, cun-
`IrcveiI. fr. lvtiuIIIrpverI fr. ML cuulralmrc to compare. fr. L raIII- :r (as»
`sumed) VL‘im'pm-e to compose. find — more at TRounAoon] v/ (14c)
`1 a : DE\'Is'E.'PL;-t.\I (rs-i ways of handling the situation)
`i) I to form or
`create in an artistic or ingenious manner (con/rived household utensils
`from stone)
`2 I to bring about by stratagem or with difficulty I MAN-
`AGE av vi : to make schemes ——~ COthriV-cr n.
`contrived nrlj (15c) : ARTIFICIAL L-\uottED
`fr.
`‘con-trol \1;on~'trol\ vI con-(rolled; convt‘roi-iing [ME control/Ell.
`MF cunn'eroller, fr. centre/Ulla copy of an account. audit. fr. ML L‘Dli-
`Il'orb'lulus. fr. L'L'bnii‘a- + ML I'aIIiius‘ roll — more at ROLL] (15c)
`] a
`tire/mic . t'o ’ch'eclt. test. or verify by evidence or experiments
`is : to in-
`corporate suitable controls in (a eon/rolled experiment)
`'2 a : to exer-
`cise restraining or directing influence over : REGULATE
`l)
`to have
`I
`power over: RULE c : to reduce the incidence or severity of esp. to in-
`nocuous levels (N an insect population) (N a disease)
`xyII see CON-
`
`DUCT — "con-troi-la-b -i't\'
`\»,tr6-la-'bi-la—1E\ .II — con-("roi-ia-bic
`\-'l1‘E‘t-i9<i)Dl\ adj — con-(r0 V-mcnt \-'trol-mant\ It
`”control It; aflen "NHL! (1590)
`1 a : an act or instance of controlling:
`also I power or authority to guide or manage
`h I sl'iil in the use of a
`
`tool. instrumentI technique. or artistic medium
`. the regulation of
`economic activity esp. by government directive — usu. used in pi.
`(price NJ)
`1 I RESTtL-ytNT. RESERVE 3 : one that controls: as
`n (1)
`: an experiment in which the subjects are treated as in a parallel exper—
`iment except for omission of the procedure or agent under test and
`which is used as a standard of comparison in judging experimental ef-
`fects — called also cmtIraI EVIL-rune“!
`(2) : one (as an organism. CUi~
`lure. or group) that
`is part of a control
`b I a device or mechanism
`used to regulate or guide the operation of a machine. apparatus. or sys-
`tem c : an orgat 'Zation that directs a spaceflight (mission N)
`d I a
`personality or spirit believed to actuate the utterances or performances
`of a Spiritualist medium syn sec 1’0\\'Elt
`,
`.
`con-trolled \kan-‘trold\ adj (15_S_6)
`i
`I RESTItAtNED 2 I regulated by
`law with regard to possession anti use (~ drugs)
`
`conltrolrlcr \kan—‘tro-lar.
`'1:iin-.\
`IME L’Dli/I'PI'IJIIL'l',
`fr. MF contra-
`II
`I'ullem'. fr. cannula/(cl (15c)
`] a -. COMPTROLLEn I
`b : COMPTROL-
`LER 2
`c I the chiefaccounting officer ofa business enterprise or an in-
`stitution (as a college)
`2 u I one that controls or has power or
`authority to control (air traffic N)
`13
`: CONTROL 3b —— con-t'rol-ler-
`ship \- ship\ II
`controlling interest It (ca. 1924) : sufficient stock ownership in a cor-
`poration to cscrt‘control over policy
`control surfnceu (1917) : a movable airfoil designed to change the atti-
`tude of an aircraft
`
`con-tro-ver-Sinl \.kiiIrlI'a—'\'aI'-sltai, —
`sé-al\ adj (1533‘)
`i
`I of. relat—
`ing to. or arousing controversy 1 : given to controversy :
`I)ISI‘UT,-\-
`'t'IOUs — con-iro-ver-s’ial-ism \-sha-.ii—z;un. -sé~-a-.\ ll 4 con-tro-ver-
`
`siul-is(\-|ist\n
`CUtt~tt'O-\’Cr-Slnlri_\’I‘M/1'
`
`Ct)tt:l'1’t):\'C1'-S)'\'kilIt-|I'a-.\'Dt
`.III'I'I aim ken-'lrI’i-var-sfl II. pl -slcs [M E
`r'onIrUrm-sie,
`ft: 1. ('aIIII'at-elull.
`fr. rtIIIII'ovr'Izt'I/s (iiSDtilitlJlL‘. lit.. turned
`against. fr. mIIu‘n» (akin to con/rm) + I'l'l'.\'ll.\'. pp. of l't'i‘lwl’ In ttu'n —
` ion
`more at \t’ot‘tTHl (lllcl
`l
`I a (lisct
`_ on marked esp. by the t‘.".|‘tl'
`.
`nt' opposin" vi
`. ruseu‘rr
`ti
`s'ran
`
`
`runttrn-r
`I [mutt-111’
` :l-t ctr
`I.ItIlI3v\I'umIr_
`nt
`in iltll
`
`
`"I: in I', um I
`v I\ t I
`
`\ I,'i i-iillt' “.-t.‘v-l
`‘
`
`
`Page 3 0f 6
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`

`falsehood 0 fan
`
`419
`
`Z : ab~
`: an untrue statement : LIE
`l
`hood \'ffllS-.|iud\ n (13c)
`[iilsc' of truth or accuracy 3 2 the practice of lying : MENDACITY
`send; n rigoilment n (14c) : imprisonment of a person contrary to law
`(gist? “Rwy-wort
`\-'rni-tar-.wort, -.\vort\ It
`[mi/armor! fr.
`the resem-
`in}Sc 201' the plant’s capsule to a bishop‘s miter] (1868) : FOAMFLOWER
`blimc orel n (1942) 1 any of a genus (Gym/ultra) of fungi that are often
`”15.2130“ and have a cap with convolutions resembling a brain
`Olso’regnancy n (ca. 1860) : rsEUoochsis, PSEUDOPREGNANCY
`fillsc lrib ,, (15c) : a rib Whose cartilages unite indirectly or not at all
`1515‘; the sternum ~— comparc FLOATING RIB
`ml 1Solomon‘s seal it (ca. 1856) : any of a genus (Sniilucinu) ol herbs
`Else} a my family that differ from Solomon‘s seal in having flowers in a
`all ‘infll racEme or panicle — called alsofalse Solonionsenl
`“mismfi n (1815)
`1 : a premature start (as of a race)
`2 : an unsuc—
`[5150M attempt to begin something (as a career)
`,“lsssemo \fol»'se-(.)tfi\ It. pl -tos [It, fr. dim. offiils'a false, fr. Lfi‘tlsns)
`”7.74)
`l : an artificially high voice; esp t an artificially produced sing—
`(1 voice that overlaps and extends above the range of the full voice
`ing of a tenor 2 : a singer who uses falsetio
`_
`ifjl’s'etto m (i940) : in falsetto
`Isa-“'Orl‘ \'fols-.\vark\ l1 (ca. 1874) : temporary construction work on
`which a main work is wholly or partly built and supported until the
`“ “in work is strong enough to support itself
`[$5M \'fol-sé\ n (ca. 1943) : an artificial addition to a bodily part worn
`to enhance appearance; specif: a breast-shaped Usu. fabi'ic or rubber
`up used to pad a braSSIere — us_u. used in pl.
`.
`till-SM? \'fél-sa-.fi\ vb -f1ed; -fy-Ing [ME falsifien. fr. MFfulsif/ei', fr.
`MLfnlsificare, fr. Lfalrtls] v! (15c)
`l : to prove or declare'false
`2 : to
`make false: as
`a : to make false by mutilation or addition (the ac—
`counts \‘ierefa/sified to conceal a theft)
`b : to represent falsely : MIS-
`REPRESENT 3 :}o prove unsound by experience ~lvi : to tell lies : LIE
`’m.si.fi-abil:1.ty \.f61-so-.fi-c-'bi-la-té\ n - fal-SI-fi-able t-‘f‘i-s-bah
`adj __ Ial-si-fI-cn-tion \.fol-ss—fa-'ka—shan\ n —— fal-sI-fi-er
`\'fol-
`—a r\n
`{figwty)\‘fol—sovté\ napl dies (13c)
`1 : something false -. LIE
`2 : the
`.
`quality or state of being false
`.
`‘
`.
`‘
`Fahstaff \'f61-.staf\ n : a fat, conVIVIal, rogUIsh character ”It shake-
`l
`. é’9n\a J
`spearc's Merl}?! Wives of Windsor and Henry 11’ ~ FIIl-staff-Ian \fol-
`11:1“.th \'fol—tar\ vb fol-(cred; faLter-ing \-t(a-)rin\ [ME] vi (14C)
`1 a
`:to walk unsteadily : STUMBLE b : to give way : TOTl‘ER (could feel
`my legs Ning)
`c : to move \vavei-ingly or hesitatingly
`2 : to speak
`brokcnly or Weakly : STAMMER 3 n : to lieSItate in purpose or action
`:WAvgn b : to lose drive or effectiveness (the business was ~ing) ~
`l'l
`: to utter hesitatingly or brokenly .ryn see HESITATE ~— fal-ter-cr
`\.tgr—ar\ll -— fal-ter-ing-ly \-t(a-)rin-lé\ adv
`’lnlter 11(1834) : an act or instance of faltering
`‘lame \'fam\ 71 [ME. fr. OF. fr. Lfama report, fame; akin to Lfari to
`speak -— more at BAN] (13c)
`1 n : public estimation 1
`ltE-PUTATION 11
`:popular acclaim : ILENDW'N 2 archaic : RUMOR
`Ilame i'l famed; tam-ing (14c)
`larcliaic : REPORT, aerurc 2 :
`to
`make famous
`lamcd \'faind\ adj (ca. 1533) : known widely and well : FAMOUS
`]
`la-mll-ial \f9-‘mil-yol. -'mi-lE—al\ adj [F, fr. Lfmni‘liu] (ca. 1900)
`:tending to occur in more members or a family than expected by
`chance alone (a (V disorder)
`2 2 of. relating to, or suggestive of a fam»
`il
`l r a member of the household of a
`‘fay-rnil-iar \fa-‘mll-yor\ n (13c)
`high official 2 : one that is familia
`esp : an intimate associate : COM-
`PANION 3 : a spirit often embodied in an animal and held to attend
`and serve or guard a person 4 n : one who is well acquainted with
`something
`b : one who frequents a place
`‘lamiliar adj [MEfumi'lier, fr. MF. fr. Lfmiiilirn‘is, f1‘.f(llllfif(l] (MC)
`1
`:closcly acquainted : INTIMATE (a ~ family friend)
`2 ob: : AFFAULE,
`SDCL-UJLE
`3 I!
`: of or relating to a family (remembering past ~ cele»
`4 a -. being free
`brations)
`b : frequented by families (21 ~ resort)
`and easy (the ~ association of old friends)
`b : marked by informality
`(a ~ essay)
`c : overly free and unrestrained : rncsuaii’ruous (gross—
`ly ~ behavior)
`cl
`: moderately tame (N animals)
`5 ii
`: frequently
`seen or experienced : easily recognized (a ~ theme)
`b : of everyday
`occurrence
`i:
`: possibly known but imperfectly remembered (her face
`looked ~) 6 : having personal or intimate knowledge ~ used with
`with (~ with the facts of the case)
`syn see COMMON — fatinil-iar-ly
`adv ~fa-mil-1ar-ness n
`flbmff-ffir-isc Brit var of FAMlLlAl‘tlZE
`1 a : the
`lfl-ruil-lar-i-ty \fa-,mi-le-‘(y)ar-a-té, -,mil-'yar-\ n,pi -ties (13c)
`WWW or state of being familiar b : a state of close relationship : lNTl-
`Macy 2 n : absence of ceremony : INFORMALITY b 1 an unduly infor-
`mal act or eXpression : 1MPROPIUETY c : a sexual liberty 3 : close ac»
`quaintance with something (my ~ with American history)
`to make
`-.
`la-mll-lar-lze \ta-‘niil-ya-.riz\ vi
`-i7.cd',
`-i'1.:ing (1608)
`1
`known or
`familiar (Shakespeare...~s the wonderful —Samuel
`Ohnson)
`Z : to make well acquainted («4 students with good litera-
`turc)—fa-mll-iar-iZa-t'10n \-.mil-ya-ra-'7_r‘i-slian\ n
`{Untilar spirit it (1565)
`1 i a spirit or demon that serves or prompts an
`Ir.IthVidual
`2 t the Spirit of a dead person invoked by a medium to ad-
`Visc or prophesy
`{int-Him) \‘fa—nia-.li—Zam\ n (1925) : a social pattern in which the lam»
`“5' assumes a position of ascendance over individual interests » film-i-
`"“llc \‘fa-nia—'lis-tik\ adj
`a‘flllle rose \fa-.‘iiie-\ n [F. lit., rose family] (ca. 1398) : Chinese porce-
`lalfl'll‘l the decoration of which a rose color predominates
`E-lntlle verte \f9-‘nie—‘vert\ n (F, lit., green family] (1872) : Chinese
`| flrcclain in the decoration of which green predominates
`“m'l'ly \'fam-lé. 'fa-ma-\ n, pl ~lies [ME fnnii'lie, fr. Lfrmii'lin house-
`hold (including servants as well as kin of the householder), ft‘._/i?lllllitl.t‘
`5tn'nnt] (15(2)
`1 : a group of individuals living under one roof and iisu,
`Under one head : HOUSEHOLD 2 n : a group of persons of common an»
`“5111'
`: CLAN h : a people or group of peoples regarded as deriving
`fronra common stock : RACE 3 1|
`: a group of people united by certain
`:9m'lclions or a common affiliation '. FELLOWSHIP
`h : the staff of a
`'81 official (as the President)
`4 : a group of things related by com
`"‘9" Characteristics: as
`ii
`: a closely related series of elements 01
`clcrnical compounds
`12 : a group ofsnils that have similar profiles and
`
`c : a group of related languages descended
`include one or more series
`from a single ancestral language
`5 a : the basic unit in society tradi»
`tionally consisting of two parents rearing their own or adopted chi1~
`drcirI also : any of Various social units differing from but regarded as
`equivalent to the traditional family (a single-parent ~) 1:
`: spouse
`and children (want to spend more time with my ~) 6 a : a grout) of
`related plants or animals forming a category ranking above a genus and
`below an order and usu. comprising several to many genera
`l) in live-
`stock breeding (1) : the descendants or line of a particular individual
`esp. of some OUtstanding female
`(2) i an identifiable strain within a
`breed 7: a set of curves or surfaces whose equations differ only in pa-
`rameters
`8H1 unit of a crime syndicate (as the Mafia) operating with-
`in a geographical area
`lfamily adj (1602)
`I : of or relating to a family 2 : designed or suitable
`for both children and adults (N restaurants) (~ movies)
`family Bible it (1740) : a large Bible usu. having special pages lor re-
`cording births, marriages, and deaths
`family court It (ca. 1931) : COURT or DOMESTIC RELATIONS
`family doctor 71 (1846)
`1 : a doctor regularly consulted by a family 2
`: a doctor 5 ecializing in family practice
`family {ewe s n 17! (ca. 1946) slang : a man's testicles
`'
`family cave It (1981) : a usu. unpaid leave of absence for an employee
`to attend to family concerns (as care of an infant or a serious illness)
`family [mm It (1856)
`l 2 a man with a wife and children dependent on
`him 2 : a responsible man of domestic habits
`family name 71 (1699) : SURNAME 2
`family physician a (1807) : FAMILY income
`family planning ’1 (1939) : planning intended to determine the number
`and spacing of one‘s children through birth control
`family practice It (1969) : a medical practice or specialty which pro-
`vides continuing general medical Care for the individual and family —
`called alsofamily medicine
`family practitioner n (1846) : FAMILY oocroa
`family room 71 (1853) : a large room designed as a recreation center for
`mambers of a family
`_
`family style adv or adj (1932) '. with the food placed on the table in serv-
`ing dishes from which those eating may help themselves
`family tree it (1807)
`1 z a genealogical diagram 2 : GENEALOGY
`family way It (1796) : condition of being pregnant — used with in and
`the or a (she is in afanii'ly way)
`fam-ine \'fa-man\ n [ME. fr. MF. fr.faim hunger. fr. Lfflllle’S] (MC)
`1
`: an extreme scarcity of food 2 archaic -. STARVATION Sat-clinic : a
`ravenous appetite 4 -. a great shortage
`fam-ish \'fa-mish\ vb [ME, prob. alter. offamen, fr. MF afanier, fr. (as-
`sumed) VL nflaniare, fr. L ad- +fames] v1 (15c)
`l : to cause to suffer
`severely from hunger
`2 archaic : to cause to starve to death ~ Ill
`1
`archaic : STARVE 2 : to suffer for lack of something necessary (a ino-
`ment when French poetry in particular was ~ing for such invention
`—T. S. Eliot) —— fam-ish-ment \—m9nt\ n
`fnm-ishcd \'fa-inisht\ adj (15C) : intensely hungry; also I NEEDY
`fa-mous \'fa-mas\ adj (ME, fr. MFfameiL‘c, fr, Lfamasus, fl'.falll(i fame]
`(14c)
`1 a : widely known b : honored for achievement
`2 : EXCEL-
`LENT. FIRST-RATE (N weather for a walk) — fa-mous-ness n
`syn FAMOUS, RENOW'NED. CELEBRATED, NOTED. NOTORlOUS= DISTIN-
`GUISHED, EMINENT, ILLUsriuous mean known far and wide. FAMOUS
`implies little more than the fact of being, sometimes briefly, widely
`and popularly known (a famous actress). RENOW'NED implies more
`glory and acclamatlon (one of the most renowned figures in sports his
`tory). CELEBRATED implies notice and attention esp.
`in print (the
`most celebrated beauty of her day). NOTED suggests well-deserved
`public attention (the noted mystery writer). no-roiuous frequently
`adds to FAMOUS an implication of questionableness or evil (3 notoria
`our gangster). DISTINGUISHED implies acknowledged excellence or
`superiority (a distinguished scientist who won the Nobel Prize). EMI»
`NENT implies even greater prominence for outstanding quality or
`character (the country's most eminent writers). ILLUSTRIOUS stresses
`cndtlring honor and glow attached to a deed or person (illustrious war
`heroes).
`fa-mous-ly ndv (1579)
`l : in a celebrated manner 2 : in a superlative-
`fAShion
`3 : to an Unusual degree 2 VERY
`fam-u-lus \'fam-yaelos\ 71,111 -li\~.li, -.le\ (G, assistant to a professor, fr.
`L, servant] (1837) : a private secretary or attendant
`‘lfan \'fan\ n (ME, fr. OEfann, fr. L vamms — more at \VINNDW] (lief.
`12c)
`1 : any of various devices for winnowing grain 2 : an instrument
`for producing a current of air: as
`n -. a device for cooling the person
`that is usu. shaped like a segment of a circle and is composed of mate-
`rial (as feathers or paper) mounted on thin rods or slats moving about a
`pivot so that the device may be closed compactly when not in use
`b i a
`device that consists of a series of vanes radiating from a hub rotated on
`its axle by a motor cslang : an airplane propeller
`3 a : something rc-
`as]; t ALLUVIAL FAN — fanol kc \-.1fk\ adj
`sembling an open fan 1)
`z a gently sloping fan-shaped body of detritus;
`lfan vb fanned; fan-hing v! (baf. 12c)
`1 a : to drive away the chaff of
`(grain) by means of a current of air b : to eliminate (as chaff) by win-
`nowing
`2 z to move or impel (air) with a fan 3 : to blow or breathe
`upon (the breeze fanning her hair)
`4 a z to direct a current of air
`upon with a fan 1)
`1 to stir up to activity as if by fanning : S'l‘ltthLATE
`(fanning the fires of nationalism)
`5 archaic : WAVE
`6 slang : SPANK
`7 : to spread like a fan (the peacock fanned his tail)
`8 : to strike (a
`batter) otit in baseball 9: to fire a series of shots from (a single-action
`revolver) by holding the trigger back and successively striking the ham-
`mer to the rear with the free hand ~ vi
`1 : to move like a fan : FLUT-
`TElt
`2 :
`to spread like a fan — often used with out (the searchers
`fanned out)
`3 : STRIKE OUT 3 — [runner \'fa-nar\ n
`Jfan it (prob. short forfanntic] (1682)
`1 2 an enthusiastic devotee (as of
`a sport or a performing art) usu. as a spectator
`2 : an ardent admirer
`or enthusiast (as of a celebrity or a pursuit) (science-fiction Na)
`\a\ abut
`\"\ kitten, F table \ar\ further \a\ Iish \a\ rice \a\ mop. inni'
`\a\‘I\ out
`\ch\ chin
`\e\ bet
`\e\ easy \g\ go \i\ lilt
`\“ ice
`\i\job
`\n\ sing \a\ go \a\ law \oi\ boy \th\ thin M\ the \i'i\ loot
`\i'i\ foot
`\y\ yet \7.h\ vision \a. k. “, oz. E. Le, E, Y\ we Guide to Pt'tlltlltttiftlit)11
`
`Page 4 0f 6
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`Page 4 of 6
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`458
`
`formal
`
`to forte
`
`b : rigidly ceremonious : Plum 4 : having the appear-
`his dealings)
`ance without the substance (~ Christ'ans who go to church only at
`Easter)
`syn see CEREMONIAL .7 for-rnal-ly \-ma-lé\ adv —— for-mal-
`tress n
`‘formal n (1605) : something (as a dance or a dress) formal in character
`’formal adj [fornIUIa + ‘-al] (ca. 1934) : IMOLAR
`form-alode-hyde \for-‘mal-da-Jtid, far-\ I: [lSVfor/n— + aldehyde] (1872)
`: a colorless pungent irritating gas Cl-le used chiefly in aqueous solu»
`tion as a disinfectant and preservative and in chemical synthesis
`for-mn-lin \'for-ma-lan. -.lE-n\ n [FarmalinI a trademark] (1893) 2 a clear
`aqueous solution of formaldehyde containing a small amount of meth-
`anol
`for-nialdse Bril vm- of FORMALIZE
`1 : the practice or the doc-
`for-mal-ism \‘for-rna-,li-Zorn\ 11 (ca. 1840)
`trine of strict adherence to prescribed or external forms (as in religion
`or art); also : an instance of this 2 : marked attention to arrangement,
`style, or artistic means (as in art or literature) usu. with corresponding
`deernphasis of content —— for-mal-ist \-list\ 11 or ad)" — for-mal-is-tic
`\.for-ma-'lis-tik\ adj
`compliance with for-
`for-mal-i-ty \forv'ma-lavta n, pl -t‘ies (1597)
`l :
`2 : the quality or state of be»
`mal or conventional rules : CEREMONY
`3 : an established form or procedure that is required or
`ing formal
`conventional
`1 : to give a certain or
`for-mal-ize \‘for—ma~.liz\vt -ized; -i’I.-ing (1646)
`definite form to 2 SHAPE 2 a : to make formal b: to give formal sta-
`tus or approval to — for-mnl-iz-able \-.li—za-bol\ adj — for-mobilit-
`t'ion \.for-ma-la-'Za»shan\ I: ~— for-mnl-iz-er \'for-ma-.li~zar\ n
`form-am-ide \fc'w-‘ma—nnid; 'fc'xr-ma-mtid, ~mad\ n (1852) : a colorless
`hygroscopic liquid CHONH; used chiefly as a solvent
`for-mant \'f6r—mant, —.mant\ n (1901) : a characteristic component of
`the quality of a speech sound; specif: any of several resonance bands
`held to determine the phonetic quality of a vowel
`lfor-mat \‘for-.mat\ n [F or G; F. fr. G, fr. Lformams, pp. offer/Hare to
`form, fr.forma] (1840)
`1 z the shape, size. and general makeup (as of
`something printed)
`2 '. general plan of organization), arrangement, or
`choice of material (as for a television show)
`‘fomrat v! for-mat-ted; for-mat-tiug (1964) : to arrange (as material to
`be printed or stored data) in a particular format — foramnt-ter n
`for-mate \'for—,rnat\ n (1307) : a salt or ester of formic acid
`for-ma-tion \for-'ma-shan\ n (15c)
`1-. an act of giving form or shape to
`something or of taking form : DEVELOPMENT 2 : something that is
`formed (new word ~s)
`3 : the manner in which a thing is formed
`2 STRUCTURE (the peculiar N of the heart)
`4 : the largest unit in an
`ecological community comprising two or more associations and their
`precursors (grassland ~) 5 a : any igneous. sedimentary. or meta-
`morphic rock represented as a unit
`1:
`'. any sedimentary bed or con-
`secutive series of beds sufficiently homogeneous or distinctive to be a
`unit
`6 : an arrangement of a body or group of persons or things in
`some prescribed manner or for a particular purpose
`‘for-ma-tive \‘for-ma-tiv\ adj (15c)
`1 a : giving or capable of giving
`form : CONSTRUCTIVE (a N influence)
`1)
`: used in word formation or
`inflection 2 : capable of alteration by growth and development; also
`: producing new cells and tissues
`3 : of. relating to. or characterized
`by formative effects or formation (~ years) — for-ma-tive-ly adv
`’format‘iyc n (1316) : the element (as a suffix) in a word that serves to
`give the word appropriate form and is not part of the base
`form class II (1921) '. a class of linguistic forms that can be used in the
`same position in a construction and that have one or more morpholog»
`ical or syntactical features in common
`form—c!" 'cal adj (1933) : based on or applying form criticism
`form criticism n (1928) : a method of criticism for determining the
`sources and historicity of biblical writings through analysis of the writ-
`ings in terms of ancient literary forms and oral traditions (as love po-
`ems. parables, and proverbs) _ form critic ll
`forme \'forn, 'form\n (15c) Brit : FORM 8
`formed \'formd\ adj (1605) : organized in a way characteristic of living
`matter (mitochondria are ~ bodies of the cell)
`for-méc \‘for-,ma, for»'\ adj IF, fem. pp. of former to form, fr. Lfar-
`mare] (15c) ofa heraldic crass : having the arms narrow at the center
`and expanding toward the ends — see CROSS illustration
`‘for-mcr \'for-mar\ adj (ME, fr. forme first, fr. OE forma — more at
`FOREMOST] (12c)
`1 u '. coming before in time
`b : of. relating to. or
`occurring in the past (N correspondence)
`2 : preceding in place or
`arrangement : FOREGOING (~ part of the chapter)
`3 : first in order
`of two or more things cited or understood (of the two given, th