DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
`
`Public Health Service
`
`
`
`Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
`Office of Training and Communication
`
`Freedom ofInformation StaffRFD-205
`
`AUG 1 1 1999
`
`5600 Fishers Lane
`
`12 B 05
`
`August 9, 1999
`
`Rockville, Maryland
`
`20857
`
`In Response Refer to File : F99-10503
`
`FOI Services, Inc.
`11 Firstfield Road
`
`Gaitherburg, MD 20878-1703
`
`Dear Requester:
`
`This is in response to your request of May 4, 1999, in which you requested a copy of the
`approval package for NDA 20766. Your request was received in the Center for Drug
`Evaluation and Research on May 7, 1999.
`
`The documents you have requested are enclosed. “In order to help reduce processing time and
`costs, certain material has been deleted from the record(s) furnished to you because a
`preliminary review of the record(s) indicated that the deleted information is not required to be
`publicly disclosed.
`If, however, you desire to review the deleted material, please make an
`additional request at the following address:
`
`Food and Drug Administration
`Freedom of Information Staff, HFI-35
`5600 Fishers Lane
`
`Rockville, MD 20857
`
`Should the Agency then deny this information, you would have the right to appeal such denial.
`Any letter of denial will explain how to make this appeal.” SMG 2460.7(3)
`
`This concludes the response for the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
`
`Computer time
`(Search $29.00, Review $261.00, Reproduction $
`Charges of $
`$0.00) will be included in a monthly invoice. DO NOT SEND ANY PAYMENT UNTIL YOU
`RECEIVE AN INVOICE.
`
`MYLAN - EXHIBIT 1013
`
`0001
`
`0001
`
`MYLAN - EXHIBIT 1013
`
`

`

`If there are any problems with this response, please notify us Mg of your specific
`problem(s). Please reference the above file number.
`
`Sincerely,
`
`y. 3mm mam, lam
`
`J. Santford Williams, R.Ph.
`Freedom of Information Officer
`
`Office of Training and Communications
`Freedom of Information Staff, HFD-205
`
`Direct Line (301)827-4583
`
`Enclosure:
`
`904 pages, approval package for NBA 20766
`
`0002
`
`0002
`
`

`

`
`
`FOOD S: DRUG ADMINISTRATION
`FRRIOOH OF INFORMATION STAFF
`5600 FISHERS LANE
`ROCKVILLE, MD 20857
`
`
`
`5/‘ 45/99
`
`.
`
`CONTROL NUMBER 160380
`‘
`
`95:0 I-
`
`‘I
`
`PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT, PLEASE
`PROVIDE US WITH A PAPER COPY (PREFERABLY NOT MICROPICHE} OF THE
`FOLLOWING DOCWENTS.
`IF THE COST OF PROVIDING THESE DOCUMENTS WILL
`EXCEED 100.00, PLEASE CALI. US FIRST FOR AUTHORIZATION OF THE CHARGES,
`UNLESS INDICATIOA OTHIRHISI BELOW.
`
`PLEASE Ram
`
`‘1. NUHSIR IN YOUR REPLY.
`
`
`
`ATTN: CENTER FOR DRUGS
`
`COPY OF THE DISCLOSABLE APPROVAL DOCUMENTATION FOR XENICAL (ORLISTAT)
`CAPSULES SPONSORED BY HOFFMANN-LAROCHE, APPROVED 4/ 26/ 99.
`
`
`
`0003
`
`HF3>30§ (9
`BL
`
`CONTFOFIM‘
`
`5195
`
`0003
`
`

`

`CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH
`
`v Pa
`
`r:
`
`W 020766
`
`Trade Name: XENICAL CAPSULES 120 MG
`
`Generic Name: ORLISTAT
`
`Sgonsor: HOFFMAN-LA ROCHE
`
`Aggraval Date: 04/23/99
`
`INDICATIONJSI: FOR OBESITY MANAGEMENT
`INCLUDING WEIGHT LOSS AND WEIGHT
`MAINTENANCE WHEN USED IN CONJUNCTION
`WITH A REDUCED CALORIE DIET.
`
`0004
`
`0004
`
`

`

`CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH
`
`APPLICATION: 020766
`
`CONTENTS
`
`Included
`
`Pending
`Comflefion
`
`Not
`Not
`Pregared Reguired
`
`X
`
`X
`X
`
`Amroval Letter
`Tentative Amt-oval Letter
`Amrovable Letter
`Printed Labeling
`Medical Reviewgs!
`Chemisfl Reviewgs!
`EAIFONSI
`
`NNNX
`
`Pharmacolog Reviewgs!
`Statistical Reviewgs!
`Microbiolog Reviewgs!
`Clinical Pharmacology
`Bioflarmaceutics Reviewgs!
`Biggnivalence Reviewgs)
`Administrative]
`
`XX
`
`X
`
`Corresgondence Documentgs!
`
`X
`
`X
`
`X
`
`0005
`
`0005
`
`

`

`CENTER FOR QEUG EVgUATION AND RESEARCH
`
`QM''on Number: 020766
`
`APPROVAL LETTER
`
`0006
`
`0006
`
`

`

`NDA 20-766
`
`Hoflinann-La Roche
`
`Attention: Ms. Peggy Jack
`Program Director
`Drug Regulatory Affairs
`340 Kingsland Street
`Nutley, NJ 07110-1199
`
`Dear Ms. Jack:
`
`Please refer to your new drug application (NDA) dated November 26, 1996, received November
`27, 1996, submitted under section 505(b) ofthe Federal Food,Drug, and Cosmetic Act for
`Xenical (orlistat) Capsules, 120 mg.
`
`We acknowledge receipt of your submissions dated May 12, 15, and 27, July 6, 15, 17, and 31,
`August 11, September 9, and October 7, 13, and 30, 1998; and January 6, 18, and 21(2). March
`2, ll, 12, 22(2). 23, 24, 26, and 30, and April 1. 5, 7, and 23(2), 1999. Your submission of
`January I8, 1999, constituted a complete response to our May 12, 1998. action letter. The goal
`date for this application is July 19, 1999.
`
`This new drug application provides for the use ofXenical (orlistat) Capsules for obesity
`management including weight loss and weight maintenance when used in conjunction with a
`reduced calorie diet. Xenicai is also indicated to reduce the risk for weight regain after prior
`weight loss. Xenical is indicated for obese patients with an initial body mass index (151910230
`kg/m2 or 327kg/in2 in the presence of other risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes,
`dysiipidemia).
`
`We have completed the review ofthis application, as amended, and have concluded that adequate
`information has been presented to demonstrate that the drug product is safe and effective for use
`as recommended in the agreed upon labeling text. Accordingly, the application is approved
`effective on the date of this letter.
`
`The final printed labeling (FPL) must be identical to the submitted drafi labeling (package insert
`submitted April 23, 1999, patient package insert submitted April 23. 1999, and immediate
`container label submitted April 5, 1999). Marketing the product with FPL that is not identical to
`
`Please submit 20 c0pies ofthe FPL as soon as it is available, in no case more than 30. days after it
`is printed. Please individually mount ten ofthe copies on heavy-weight paper or similar material.
`
`‘ 0007
`
`0007
`
`

`

`For administrative purposes, this submission should be designated "FPL for approved NDA
`20-766." Approval of this submission by FDA is not required before the labeling is used.
`
`Validation ofthe regulatory methods has not been completed. At the present time, it is the policy
`ofthe Center not to withhold approval because the methods are being validated. Nevertheless.
`we expect your continued cooperation to resolve any problems that may be identified.
`
`We remind you of your Phase 4 commitment specified in your submission dated April 23. 1999,
`to provide monthly updates of breast cancer diagnoses from the ongoing studies that were
`included in your January 18, 1999, submission. These updates will continue until these studies are
`completed.
`
`As ofApril 1, 1999, all applications for new active ingredients, new dosage forms, new
`indications, new routes of administration, and new dosing regimens are required to contain an
`assessment ofthe safety and effectiveness ofthe product in pediatric patients unless this
`requirement is waived or deferred (63 FR 66632). We note that you have not fulfilled the
`requirements of 21 CFR 314.55. We are deferring submission of your pediatric studies until
`12/2100. However, in the interim, please submit your pediatric drug development plans within
`120 days from the date ofthis letter unless you believe a waiver is appropriate.
`
`Ifyou believe that this drug qualities for a waiver ofthe pediatric study requirement. you should
`submit a request for a waiver with supporting information and documentation in accordance with
`the provisions of21 CFR 314.55 within 60 days from the date ofthis letter. We will notify you
`within 120 days of receipt of your response whether a waiver is granted. If a waiver is not
`granted, we will ask you to submit your pediatric drug development plans within 120 days front
`the date of denial of the waiver.
`
`Pediatric studies conducted under the terms of section 505A of the Federal Food, Drug, and
`Cosmetic Act may result in additional marketing exclusivity for certain products (pediatric
`exclusivity). You should refer to the Guidancefor Industry on Quahflingflir Pediatric
`Erolusivity (available on our web site at www.fda.gov.cder/pediatric) for details. Ifyou wish to
`qualify for pediatric exclusivity, you should submit a "Proposed Pediatric Study Request" in
`addition to your plans for pediatric drug development described above. Ifyou do not submit a
`Proposed Pediatric Study Request within 120 days from the date ofthis letter, we will presume
`that you are not interested in obtaining pediatric exclusivity [NOTE You should still submit a
`pediatric drug development plan] and will notify you of the pediatric studies that are required
`under section 21 CFR 314.55. Please note that satisfaction ofthe requirements in 2] CFR 314.55
`alone may not qualify you for pediatric exclusivity.
`
`Please submit one market package ofthe drug product-when it is available.
`
`We remind you that you must comply with the requirements for an approved NDA set forth under
`21 CFR 314.80 and 314.81.
`-
`
`0008
`
`0008
`
`

`

`Ifyou have any questions, contact Maureen Hess, MPH, RD, Regulatory Health Project
`Manager, at (30}) 827-6411.
`
`Sincerely,
`
`James Bilstad, MD.
`Director
`
`Office of Drug Evaluation H
`Center fan-Drug Evaluation and Research
`
`0009
`
`0009
`
`

`

`CENTER FOR QRUG EVflgflAIION AND RESEABCH
`
`APPLICATION NUMQER: 020766
`
`FEE TED LQELING
`
`0010
`
`0010
`
`

`

`XENICAI. om
`
`XENICAL‘“
`
`(orlistat)
`CAPSULES
`
`DESCRIPTION: XENICAL (orlistat) is a lipase inhibitor for obesity management that acts by inhibiting
`the absorption of dietary fats.
`
`.
`Orlistat is (S)-2-fonnylamino—4-methyl-penmnoic acid (SH-[[08, 38}3—hexyl-4-oxo-2-oxetanyll
`methyl]-dodecy| ester. Its empirical formula is C29H53N05, and its molecular weight is 495.7. ll rs a single
`diastereomeric molecule that contains four chiral centers, with a negative optical rotation in ethanol at
`529 nm. The structure is:
`
`D
`
`pf
`
`i°‘r’°
`
`
`(.klistat is a white to off-white crystalline powder. Orlistat is pradically insoluble in water, freely soluble in
`chloroform, and very soluble in methanol and ethanol. Orlistat has no pK.within the physiological pH
`range.
`
`XENICAL is available for oral administration in dark-blue, hard-gelatin capsules, with light-blue
`imprinting. Each capsule contains l20 mg ofthe active ingredient, orlistat. The capsules also contain the
`inactive ingredients microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, sodium lauryl sulfate, povidone.
`and talc. Each capsule shell contains gelatin, titanium dioxide, and FD&C Blue No.1, with printing of
`pharmaceutical glaze NF, titanium dioxide. and FD&C Blue No.1 aluminum lake.
`
`CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Mechanism ofAction: Orlistat is a reversible inhibitor of lipases. It
`exerts its therapeutic activity in the lumen ot'the stomach and small intestine by forming a covalent bond
`with the active serine residue site of gastric and pancreatic lipases. The inactivated enzymes are thus
`unavailable to hydrolyze dietary fat in the form of triglycerides irrto absorbable free fatty acids and
`monoglyoerides. As undigested triglycerides are not absorbed, the resulting caloric deficit may have a
`positive effect on weight control. Systemic absorption ofthe drug is therefore not needed for activity. At
`the recommended therapeutic dose of 120 mg three times a day, orlistat inhibits dietary fat absorption by
`approximately 30%.
`
`Pharmcokinetr'cs:Absorption: Systemic exposure to orlistat is minimal. Following oral dosing with 360
`mg MC-orlistat, plasma radioactivity peaked at approximately 8 hours; plasma concentrations ofintact
`orlistat were near the limits ofdetection (<5 ng/mL). In therapeutic studies involving monitoring ofplasma
`samples, detection ofintact orlistat in plasma was sporadic and concentrations were low (<l 0 ng/mL or
`0.02 M), without evidence of accumulation, and consistent with minimal absorption.
`
`h:\20766lbl. doc
`
`0011
`
`

`

`XEHICM. H1399
`
`XENICAL‘ (orlistat)
`
`The average absolute bioavailability of intact orlistat was assessed in studies with male rats at oral
`doses of 150 and 1000 mg/kg/day and in .male dogs at oral doses of 100 and 1000 mg/kg/day and
`found to be 0.12%, 0.59% in rats and 0.7%, 1.9% in dogs, respectively.
`
`Distribution: In vitro orlistat was >99% bound to plasma proteins (Iipoproteins and albumin were major
`binding proteins). Orlistat minimally partitioned into erythrocytes.
`
`Metabolism: Based on animal data, it is likely that the membolism oforlistat occurs mainly within the
`gastrointestinal wall. Based on an oral ”C-orlistnt mass balance study in obese patients, two metabolites,
`M l (4-member lactone ring hydrolyzed) and M3 (M1 with N-fonnyl leucine moiety cleaved), accounted
`for approximately 42% oftotal radioactivity in plasma. M I and M3 have an open B-lactone ring and
`extremely wait lipase inhibitory activity (1000- and 2500-fold less than orlistat, respectively). In view of
`this low inhibitory activity and the low plasma levels at the therapeutic dose (average of26 ng/mL and 108
`ng/mL for M1 and M3, respectively, 2 to 4 hours alter a dose), these metabolites are considered
`phannaeologically inconsequential. The primary metabolite M1 had a short half-life (approximately 3
`hours) whereas the secondary metabolite M3 disappeared at a slower rate (half-life approximately 13.5
`hours). In obese patients, steady-state plma levels ofM1, but not M3, increased in proportion to orlistat
`doses.
`
`Elimination: Following a single oral dose of360 mg “C-orlistat in both normal weight and obese
`subjects, fecal excretion ofthe unabsorbed drug was found to be the major route ofelimination. Orlistat
`and its M1 and M3 metabolites were also subject to biliary excretion. Approximately 97% ofthe
`administered radioactivity was excreted in feces: 83% ofthat was found to be unchanged orlistat. The
`cumulative renal excretion of total radioactivity was <2% of the given dose of360 mg l"C-orlistat. The
`time to reach complete excretion (fecal plus urinary) was 3 to 5 days. The disposition oforlistat appeared
`to be similar between normal weight and obese subjects. Based on limited data, the half-life of the
`absorbed orlistat is in the range of l to 2 hours.
`
`Special Populations: Because the drug is minimally absorbed. studies in special populations (geriatric.
`pediatric, different races, patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency) Were not conducted.
`
`Drug-Drug Imeractions: Drug-drug interaction studies indicate that XENICAL had no effect on
`pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynarnics ofalcohol, digoxin, glyburide. nifedipine (extended-release
`tablets), oral contraceptives, phenytoin, or warfarin. XENICAL induced a modest increase ofthe
`bioavailability and lipid-lowering effect ofpravastatin (see CLINICAL STUDIES and PRECAUTIONS).
`Alcohol did not affect the pharmacodynamics of orlistat.
`
`ofXENlCAL on gastrointestinal and systemic physiological processes were assessed in normal-weight
`and obese subjects. Postprandial cholecystokinin plasma concenu-ations were lowered after multiple doses
`ofXENICAL in two studies but not significantly different from placebo in two other experiments. There
`were no clinically significant changes observed in gallbladder motility, bile composition or lithogenicity, or
`colonic cell proliferation rate, and no clinically significant reduction ofgastric emptying time or gastric
`acidity. In addition, no effects on plasma triglyceride levels or systemic lipases were observed with the
`administration ofXENICAL in these studies. in a 3-week study of28 healthy male volunteers, XENICAL
`
`0012
`
`0012
`
`

`

`smear. can”
`
`XENICAL“ (orlistat)
`
`(120 mg three times a day) did not significantly afiect the balance ofcalcium, magnesium, phosphorus.
`zinc, copper, and iron.
`.
`
`Dose-response Relationship: A simple maximum died (5....) model was used to define the dose
`response curve ofthe relationship between XENICAL daily dose and fecal fat excretion as representative
`ofgastrointestinal lipase inhibition. The dose-response curve demonstrated a steep portion for doses up to
`approximately 400 mg daily, followed by a plateau for higher doses. At doses greater than 120 mg three
`times a day, the percentage increase in effect was minimal.
`
`CLINICAL STUDIES: Observational epidemiologic studies have established a relationship between
`obesity and visceral fat and the risks for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, certain forms of cancer,
`gallstones, certain resp'a‘atory disorders, and an increase in overall mortality."I‘hese studies suggest that
`weight loss, ifmaintained, may produce health benefits for obese patients who have or are at risk of
`developing weight-related cmiorbidifies. The long-term effects oforlistat on morbidity and mortality
`associated with obesity have not been established.
`
`The efi'ects ofXENICAL on weight loss, weight maintenance, and weight regain and on a number of
`comorbidities (cg, type 2 diabetes, lipids, blood pressure) were assented in seven long-term (l- to 2-year.
`duration) multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. During the first year oftherapy,
`weight toss and weight maintenance were assessed. During the second year oftherapy, some studies
`assessed continued weight loss and weight maintenance and others assessed the effect oforlistat on weight
`regain. These studies included over 2800 patients heated with XENICAL and 1400 patients heated with
`placebo. The majority ofthese patients had obesity-related risk factors and comorbidities. In these 7
`studies, treatment with XENICAL and placebo designates treatment with XENICAL plus diet and
`placebo pius diet, respectively.
`
`During the weight loss and weight maintenance period. a well-balanced, reduced-calorie diet that wu
`intended to result in an approximate 20% decrease in caloric intake and provide 30% ofcalories from fat
`was recommended to all patients. in addition. all patients were offered nutritional counseling.
`
`Oneyear Resuits: Weight Loss, Weight Maintenance. andRisk Factors: Weight loss was observed within
`2 weeks ofinitiation oftherapy and continued for 6 to 12 months.
`
`Pooled data fiem five clinical trials indicated that the overall mean weight loss from randomization to the
`end of6 months and 1 year ofheatmcnt in the intent-to-treal population were 12.4 lbs and 13.4 lbs in the
`patients treated with XENICAL and 6.2 lbs and 5.8 lbs in the placebo-treated patients, respectively.
`During the 4-week placebo lead-in period ofthe studies. an additional 5 to 6 lb weight loss was also
`observed in the same patients. Ofthe patients who completed 1 year oftreats-hem, 57% ofthe patients
`treated with XENICAL (120 mg three times a day) and 3 l% ofthe placebo-heated patients lost at least
`5% of their baseline body weight.
`
`The percentages ofpatients achieving 25% and 210% weight loss after 1 year in five large muiticenter
`studies for the intent-to-treat populations are presented in Table l.
`
`0013
`
`0013
`
`

`

`XI‘NICAL(H1399
`
`XENICAL°(ort'mat)
`
`Table 1. Percentage of Patients Losing 25% and 210% of Body Weight From Randomization
`After 1-Year Treatment"
`
`'11
`
`
`Intent-to-Tmt Po . Ihtion’r
`25% w : Loss —_210% Wei_ht Loss
`Study mm . "m mm “M
`
`
`
`
`
`0.006
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`[mm—— <0.001
`.
`141611
`37.1%
`210
`15.0% 212 mm.
`14135
`42.6%
`657
`22.4% 223- 7.7%
`The diet utilized during year 1 was a reduced-calorie diet.
`* Treatment designates XENICAL 120 mg three times a day plus diet or placebo plus diet
`1' Last observation carried forward
`_
`,
`I All studies, with the exception of 141-61, were conducted at centers specialized in treating obesity
`and complications of obesity. Study 1416] was conducted with primary care physicians.
`
`3.8% 212
`223
`9.9%
`
`
`6 7
`
`The relative changes in risk factors associated with obesity following 1 year oftherapy with XENICAL
`and placebo are presented for the population as a whole and for the population with abnormal values at
`randomization.
`
`Population as a Whole: The changes in metabolic. cardiovascular and anthropometric risk factors
`associated with obesity based on pooled data for five clinical studies, regardless ofthe patient’s risk
`factor status at randomization, are presented in Table 2. One year of therapy with XENICAL
`resulted in relative improvement in several risk factors.
`
`
`
`0014
`
`

`

`xmmum
`
`XENnnuanamn
`
`Table 2. Mean Change in Risk Factors From Randomization Following l-Year Treatment"
`Population as a Whole
`
`
`
`Treatment designates XENICAL 120 mg three times a day plus diet or placebo plus
`diet
`
`'1‘
`
`Intent-to-treat population at week 32. observed data based on pooled data
`from 5 studies
`
`Population With Abnomrai' Risk Factors at Randomization: The changes from randomization following
`l—year treatment in the population with abnormal lipid levels (LDL 2130 mg/dL, LDL/I—iDL 23.5,
`HDL <35 mg/dL) were greater for XENICAL compared to placebo with respect to .LDL-cholesterol
`(-7.83% vs +1.14%) and the LDL/HDL ratio {-0.64 vs -0.46). HDL increased in the placebo group by
`20.1% and in the XENICAL group by 18.8%. In the population with abnormal blood pressure at baseline
`(systolic BP 2140 mm Hg), the change in SBP fi'om randomization to 1 year was greater for XENICAL
`(-10.89 mm Hg) than placebo (-5.07 mm Hg). For patients with a diastolic blood pressure 290 mm Hg,
`XENICAL patients decreased by -7.9 mm Hg while the placebo patients decreased by -5.5 mm Hg.
`Fasting insulin decreased more for XENICAL than placebo (-39 vs -16 pmol/L) fi'orn randomization to 1
`year in the population with abnormal baseline values (2120 pmol/L). A greater reduction in waist
`circumference for XENICAL vs placebo (-7.29 vs 4.53 cm) was observed in the population with
`abnormal baseline values (2100 cm).
`
`Efléet on Weight Regain: Three studies were designed to evaluate the effects ofXENICAL
`compared to placebo in reducing weight regain after a previous weight loss achieved following either
`diet alone (one study, 14302) or prior treatment with XENICAL {two studies, 141 19C and 14185).
`The diet utilized during the 1-year weight regain portion of the studies was a weight-maintenance
`diet, rather than a weight-loss diet, and patients received less nutritional counseling than patients in
`weight-loss studies For studies 14119C and 14185, patients‘ previous weight loss was due to 1 year
`
`5
`
`0015
`
`0015
`
`

`

`XENICAI. 041399
`
`xemcaflmnaan
`
`of treatment with XENICAL in conjunction with a mildly hypocaloric diet. Study 14302 was
`conducted to evaluate the effects of 1 year oftreatment with XENICAL on weight regain in patients
`who had lost 8% or more of their body weight in the previous 6 months on diet alone.
`
`in study 14119C, patients treated with placebo regained 52% ofthe weight they had previously lost while
`the patients heated with XENICAL regained 26% ofthe weight they had previously lost (p<0.001). in
`study 14185. patients treated with placebo regained 63% ofthe weight they had previously lost while the
`patients treated with XENICAL regained 35% ofthe weight they had lost (p<0.001). In Study 14302,
`patients treated with placebo regained 53% ofthe weight they had previously lost while the patients
`treated with XENICAL regained 32% ofthe weight that they had lost (p<0.001).
`
`Two-year Results: Long-term Weight Control and Risk Factors: The treatment effects ofXENICAL
`were examined for 2 years in four of the five 1—year weight management clinical studies previously
`discussed (see Table 1). At the end ofyear 1, the patients’ diets were reviewed and changed where
`necessary. The diet prescribed in the second year was designed to manmin patient’s current weight.
`XENICAL was shown to be more cfl'eetive than placebo in long-term weight control in four large,
`multicenter, 2-year double-blind, placebo-cmtmlled studies.
`
`Pooled data fi'om four clinical Studies indicate that 40% ofall patients treated with 120 mg three times a
`day ofXENICAL and 24% ofpatients treated with placebowho completed 2 years ofthe same therapy
`had 25% ioss of body weight fi-om randomization.‘Pooled data from four clinical studies indicate that
`the relative weight loss advantage between XENICAL 120 mg three times a day and placebo treatment
`groups was the same afier 2 years as for 1 year, indieeting that the pharmacologic advantage of
`XENICAL was maintained over 2 years. In the same studies cited in the One-year Results (see Table l),
`the percentages ofpatients achieving a 25% and 210% weight loss after 2 years are shown in Table 3.
`
`Table 3. Percentage of Patients Losing 25% and 210% of Body Weight From Randomization
`After 2-Year Treatment"r
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`No.
`14119c
`14149
`14161'1'
`14185
`
`
`lntent-to-Treat PopulationM
`210%
`25% Wei r In Loss
`
`
`
`XENICAL n
`45.1% 133
`43.3% 178
`25.0%
`148
`34.0% 147
`
`XENICAL n
`.
`n
`Placebo
`23.6% 123- 4.
`3
`
`9.5% 158
`27.2% 158
`0.002
`18.0% 178
`0.025
`
`.
`15.0% 113
`.
`.
`
`
`0016
`
`0016
`
`

`

`xsmcar. we”
`
`Xl‘ll‘l'IC'AI.‘4D (orlistat)
`
`Population as a Whole: The reluive differences in risk factors between treaunent with XENICAL and
`placebo were similar to the results following 1 year oftherapy for total cholesterol, LDL—choleeterol.
`LDUHDL ratio. mglywrdssmghma issinsimin' diastolb. blood pressure, waist
`circmnferenee, and hip circumference. The relative differences between treatment groups for l-IDL
`cholesterol and systolic blood pressure were less than that observed in the year one results.
`
`Population With Abnormal Risk Factors at Randomtsarion: The relative difi'erences in risk factors
`between treatment with XENICAL and placebo were similar to the results following 1 year of therapy for
`LDL- and l-IDL-cholecterol, triglycerides, fasting insulin, diastolic blood pressure, and waist
`circumference. The relative differences between treatment groups for LDIJHDL ratio and isolated systolic
`blood pressure were less than that observed in the year one results.
`
`Study ofParienrs With Type 2 Diabetes: A 1-year double-blind, placebo-controlled study in type 2
`diabetics (N=321) stabilized on sulfonylureas was conducted. Thirty percent ofpatients treated with
`ENIGAL achieved at least a 5% orgreater reduction in body weight from randomization compared to
`13% ofthe placebo-treated patients (p<0.001). Table 4 describes the changes over 1 year of treatment
`with XENICAL compared to placebo. in sulfonylurea usage and dose reduction as well as in hemoglobin
`HbAic, fasting glucose, and insulin.
`
`Table 4. Mean Changes in Body Weight and Glyeemic- Centre] From Randomization Following
`1-Year Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
`
`
`
`
`
`XENICAL .-120 mg"
`
`
`
`% patients who discontinued dose of
`oral sulfonylurea
`
`
`
`% patients who decreased dose of oral
`sulfon lurea
`
`Significance
`
`T
`
`n=162
`
`l 1.7%
`
`Placebo*
`n=159
`7.5%
`
`31.5%
`
`
`
`Average reduction in sulfonylurea
`medication dose
`u:3. 5
`'Hhtchane lbs “-—
`T
`
`i
`
`-22.8%
`
`-9 1%
`
`
`
`+0.54
`-0.02
`Fastin_ -lucose, mmol/L
`
`Fast"! 11151115", "1on _“
`Statistical significance based on intent-to-treat population. last observation carried forward.
`* Treatment designates XENICAL 120 mg three times a day plus diet or placebo plus diet.
`it
`Statistically significant 0:50.05) based on intent-to-treat, last observation carried forward.
`us nonsignificant, p>0.05
`
`in addition, XENICAL (F 162) compared to placebo (n=159) was associated with significant lowering
`for total cholesterol (-1.0% vs +9.0%, p50.05). LDL-cholestcrol (-3.0% vs +10.0%, p50.05). LDL/HDL
`ratio {-0.26 vs -0.02. pS0.05) and triglycerides (+2.54% vs +16.2%, pSO.DS), respectively. For HDL
`cholesteralrthere was a $6.49% mereaseoaXENICALandiS£% increase on placebo, p>0.05. Systolic
`blood pressure Increased by +0.61 mm Hg on XENlCAL and increased by +4.33 mm Hg on placebo,
`
`“+0017
`
`0017
`
`

`

`XWCAL N1!”
`
`XENICALO (orlistat)
`
`p>0.05. Diastolic blood pressure decreased by -0.47 mm Hg for XENICAL and by -0.5 mm Hg for
`placebo, p>0.05.
`
`Glucose Tolerame in Obese Patients.- Two-year studies that included oral glucose tolerance tests were
`conducted in obese patients not previously diagnosed or treated for-type 2 diabetes and whose baseline
`oral glucose tolerance test (0011) status at randomimtion was either normal, impaired, or diabetic.
`
`The progression from a normal OGTT at randomization to a diabetic or impaired OGTI‘ following 2
`years of treatment with XENICAL (n=251) or placebo (n=207) were compared. Following
`treatment with XENICAL, 0.0% and 7.2% of the patients progressed from normal to diabetic and
`normal to impaired, respectively, compared to 1.9% and 12.6% of the placebo treatment group,
`respectively.
`
`In patients found to have an impaired 0611' at randomization, the percent ofpatients improving to
`normal or deteriorating to diabetic status following i and'2 years of treatment with XENICAL
`compared to placebo are presented. Alter 1 year oftreatment, 45.8% of the placebo patients and
`73% ofthe XENICAL patients had a normal oral glucose tolerance test while 10.4% of the placebo
`patients and 2.6% ofthe XENlCAL patients became diabetic. After 2 years oftreatment, 50% ofthe
`placebo patients and "II .7% of the XENICAL patients had a normal oral glucose tolerance test while
`7.5% of placebo patients were found to be diabetic and 1.7% of XENICAL patients Were found to
`be diabetic after treatment.
`
`INDICATIONS AND USAGE: XENICAL is indicated for obesity management including weight
`loss and weight maintenance when used in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet. XENICAL is
`also indicated to reduce the risk for weight regain alter prior weight loss. XENICAL is indicated for
`obese patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) 230 ltg/m2 or 227 kg/m2 in the presence of
`other risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia).
`
`Table 5 illustrates body mass index (BMI) according to a variety of weights and heights. The BMI is
`calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. For example, a person who
`weighs 180 lbs and is 5'5" would have a BMI 01°30.
`
`Table 5. Body Mass Index (BMI), kg/m’*
`
`
`
`0018
`
`0018
`
`

`

`0019
`
`XENCAL M219!
`
`XENICAL°(ornmt)
`
`
`
`* Conversion Factors:
`Weight in lbs+ 2.2 = weight in kilograms (kg)
`Height in inches x 0.0254 = height in meters (m)
`1 foot = 12 inches
`
`CONTRAINDICATIONS: XENICAL is contraindicated in patients with chronic malabsorption
`syndrome or cholestasis, and in patients with known hypersensitivity to XENICAL or to any component
`ofthis product.
`
`WARNINGS: Miscellaneous: Organic causes ofobesity (e.g., hypothyroidism should be excluded
`before prescribing XENICAL.
`
`XENICAL is taken with a diet high in fat (>30% total daily calories from fat). The daily intake offat
`should be distributed over three main meals. IfXENICAL is taken with any one meal very high in fat, the
`possibility of gastrointestinal effects inc
`.
`
`Patients should be counseled to take a multivitamin supplement that contains fat-soluble vitamins to
`ensure adequate nutrition because XENICAL has been shown to reduce the absorption of some fat-
`soluble vitamins and beta-carotene. In addition, the levels of vitamin D and beta-carotene may be low
`in obese patients compared with non-obese subjects. The supplement should be taken once a day at
`least 2 hours before or after the administration ofXENICAL, such as at bedtime.
`
`Table 6.
`
`Incidence ofLow Vitamin Values on Two or More Consecutive Visits
`(Nonsupplemented Patients With Normal Baseline Values - First and Second Year)
`
`Placebo*
`
`XENICAL"
`
`m V
`
`12.0%
`6.6%
`itamin D
`5.8%
`1.0%
`Vitamin E
`6.1%
`1.7%
`Beta-carotene
`* Treatment designates placebo plus diet or XENICAL plus diet
`
`0019
`
`

`

`KM “3199
`
`XENICALCg (orlistat)
`
`Some patients may develop'increased levels ofurinary oxalate following treatment with XENICAIs.
`Caution should be exercised when prescribing XENICAL to patients with a history of hyperoxalurla
`or calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.
`
`Weight-loss induction by XENICAL may be accompanied by improved metabolic control in diabetics.
`which might require a reduction in dose of oral hypoglycemic medication (e.g., sulfonylureas, metfonnrn)
`or insulin (see CLINICAL STUDIES).
`'
`
`Mime Potential: As with any weight-loss agent, the potential exists for misuse ofXENICAL in
`inappropriate patient populations (cg, patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia). See INDICATIONS
`AND USAGE for recommended prescribing guidelines.
`
`Informationfor Patients: Patients should read the Patient Information before starting treatment with
`XENICAL and each time their prescription is renewed.
`
`Drug Interactions: Alcohol: In a multiple-dose study in 30 normal weight subjects, coadministration of
`XENICAL and 40 grams of alcohol (e.g., approximately 3 glasses ofwine) did not result in alteration of
`alcohol phannaeolrinetics, orlistat phannaeodynamics (fecal fat excretion), or systemic exposure to
`orlistat.
`
`Cyclosporine: No drug interaction studies have been conducted with XENICAL and cyciosporine.
`Since changes in eyelosmrine absorption have been reported with variations in dietary intake,
`caution is advised in the concomitant use of XENICAL plus diet in patients receiving cyclosporine
`therapy.
`
`Dtgoxin: In 12 normal-weight subjects receiving XENICAL 120 mg three tim