`r—'I?i
`
`%%%%%Z
`
`* = Ignition
`
`fl
`
`SOI
`
`l\
`
`EOI
`
`Start of Injection
`
`End of Injection
`
`Normal Fuelling Rate (FR) = 50 mg/cyl/cycle
`
`
`
`E
`E
`E
`5
`Condition 1A
`*
`SOI is 80° BTDC
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`50' is 60° BTDC
`:
`.
`.
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`FR = 30 mg/cv|/cycle
`
`
`E
`
`5
`
`E
`
`E
`
`E
`
`5
`
`5
`
`E
`
`E
`
`
`‘>\
`
`
`
`E
`5
`E
`E
`5
`E
`E
`E
`E
`E
`E
`Condition 18
`E
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`' I
`SOI is 80° BTDC
`2
`2
`2
`E
`2
`E
`E
`2
`I
`I
`2
`FR = 70 mg/cvl/cvcle
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`
`E
`I‘
`
`
`
`
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`'
`I
`I
`'
`'
`‘
`'
`'
`:
`:
`:
`: v :
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`50' 155° ATDC
`I
`I
`I
`I
`.
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`50'
`IS 25° ATDC
`FR = 30 mg/cyl/cycle I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`5
`I
`I
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`Condition 23
`
`X 50' is 5° ATDC
`
`:
`
`:
`
`:
`
`:
`
`:
`
`:
`
`:
`
`:
`
`5
`
`:
`
`5
`
`:
`
`5
`
`5
`
`:
`
`5
`
`: r :
`
`5
`
`:
`
`5
`
`:
`
`5
`
`:
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`.
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`EOI 35 25° ATDC
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`l
`I
`FR = 70 mg/cyl/cycle I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`
`SOl$S°BTDC
`
`E
`
`'
`
`E
`
`'
`
`E
`
`'
`
`E
`
`'
`
`E
`
`:
`
`:
`
`y
`
`E
`
`E
`
`:
`
`E
`
`:
`
`5
`
`:
`
`E
`
`:
`
`E
`E
`E
`% Condition 3A
`I 5
`EOI is 15° ATDC
`:
`FR = 30 mg/CV‘/We I
`E
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`/ Condition 35
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`:
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`SO|BS°BTDC
`5
`5
`5
`5
`5
`y
`7‘{
`5
`5
`5
`5
`50' I5 15° ATDC
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`FR = 70 mg/cyl/cycle
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`
`I
`
`I
`
`96°
`75°
`66°
`45°
`36°
`15°
`6°
`16°
`36°
`46°
`66°
`75°
`96°
`<j BTDC —— TDC ———— ATDC ——+
`
`Crankangle
`
`1. A method of operating an internal combustion engine comprising retarding the ignition of
`a gas/fuel mixture within at least one cylinder of the engine to after top dead centre (ATDC)
`in respect of the combustion cycle of said at least one cylinder of the engine and, while said
`ignition is so retarded, increasing the fuelling rate of said at least one cylinder to a level
`higher than that required when the engine is operating normally to thereby assist
`in
`increasing the exhaust gas temperature of the engine, the timing of the introduction of fuel
`into the at least one cylinder being maintained at before top dead centre (BTDC).
`
`EX. 2008(‘l8)
`
`‘I/‘I
`
`
`
`Ex. 2008(18) 1/1