O
`
`Ulllted States Patent [19]
`Rathmann
`
`[54] BATTERY PACK AND A METHOD FOR
`MONITORING REMAINING CAPACITY OF
`A BATTERY PACK
`
`[76] Inventor: Roland Rathmann, Raiffeisenweg 3,
`B85375 Neufahm Germany
`’
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 09/087,306
`_
`P119011
`
`May 29, 1998
`
`[22]
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`[62] Division of application No. 08/890,665, Jul. 9, 1997, Pat.
`No. 5,794,592
`[60] Provisional application No. 60/021,905, Jul. 17, 1996, and
`provisional application No. 60/034,320, Dec. 20, 1996.
`
`[51] Int. 01.6 ...................................................... .. H02J 7/00
`[52] Us. 01. ........................ .. 320/132; 320/136; 320/157;
`324/427; 324/428
`[58] Field of Search ................................... .. 320/136, 157,
`320/132; 324/427, 428
`
`References
`
`US005955869A
`[11] Patent Number:
`[45] Date of Patent:
`
`5,955,869
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`1/1993 Tsujino .
`5,180,961
`3/1993 McClure 6t a1~ ~
`5,198,743
`4/1993 Interiano et al. .
`5,200,689
`4/1993 Burns et al. .
`5,206,097
`5248929 9/1993 Burke '
`5,254,928 10/1993 Young et al. .
`5,278,487
`1/1994 Koenck.
`5,284,719
`2/1994 Landau et al. .
`5,287,286
`2/1994 Ninomiya .
`5,295,078
`3/1994 Stich et al. .
`5,315,228
`5/1994 Hess et al. .
`5,321,627
`6/1994 Reher.
`5,325,041
`6/1994 Briggs _
`5,341,084
`8/1994 GOtOll et 8.1..
`5,349,282
`9/1994 McClure .
`5,349,535
`9/1994 Gupta .
`5,350,993
`9/1994 Toya et a] _
`573507996
`9 /1994 Tauchi _
`
`gskaltl 6‘ a1~ -
`8/1996 D?fesyaf"
`5:549:671
`5,565,759 10/1996 Dunstan .
`5,606,242
`2/1997 Hull et al. ............................. .. 320/106
`5,614,804
`3/1997 Kayano et al. .
`5,617,324
`4/1997 Arai.
`5,633,573
`Van PllOllC et al. .................. .. 320/128
`
`Wong
`Examiljter—Pet€r
`Assistant Examzner—Gregory J. Toatley, Jr.
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Scully, Scott, Murphy & Presser
`
`[57]
`ABSTRACT
`A battery pack and a method of monitoring remaining
`capacity of a battery pack. With this method, tWo different
`procedures are used to estimate that remaining capacity. In
`a ?rst procedure, data generated on the battery pack is used
`to estimate remaining battery capacity; and in the second
`procedure, data transmitted to the battery pack from a host
`device is used to estimate remaining battery capacity. The
`battery pack switches betWeen these tWo procedures under
`d ? d
`d. .
`_
`d f
`1
`.h h
`f
`d
`e ne' con itions, an‘ or examp e, Wit t e pre erre
`embodiment described in detail in the present speci?cation,
`the battery pack switches from the ?rst procedure to the
`second procedure When the battery current falls beloW a
`threshold value.
`
`8 Claims, 58 Drawing Sheets
`
`8/1977 Haydon -
`4,040,247
`4,122,359 10/1978 Breikss.
`4,238,839 12/1980 Redfern et al. .
`IT“:cI;e1eStO;_'_
`4/1983 Sado et a1_ _
`473807726
`7/1983 Saar et a] _
`4,392,101
`2/1984 Lowndes et al. .
`4,433,278
`6/1984 Koenck-
`4,455,523
`4,553,081 11/1985 Koenck -
`477097202 11/1987 Koenck et al' '
`4’746’854
`5/1988 Baker et a1‘ '
`4,803,416
`2/1989 Abiven et al. .
`478857523 12/1989 Koenck'
`479187368 M1990 Baker et aL _
`479477123
`8/1990 MineZaWa_
`4,961,043 10/1990 Koenck_
`4,965,738 10/1990 Bauer et al. .
`5,043,651
`8/1991 Tamura .
`5,136,246
`8/1992 Sakamoto .
`
`lUTfcalculation 64210
`
`capacity calculation
`
`2236
`
`-
`
`no statechange
`timer resting
`
`MC_CONST 1 2(1 sec)
`1_SELFD : 3[mA]
`N_SELF :2551128 sec)
`N_EOC : 5
`
`2240
`
`0.1mm
`
`state : = CI
`clear status bit
`DISCHARGING
`START_EOC : = O
`i_eoc : =N_EOC
`
`2
`stale : : CD
`set status bit
`DISCHARGING
`
`pd : = 0
`resel_disable : = 0
`
`end capacity_calculatinn
`
`Apple Inc., et al.
`Exhibit 1006
`Apple Inc., et al. v. Global Touch Solutions, Inc.
`IPR2015-01174
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 001
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 1 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`
`
`Fm<2m.Edzm
`
`
`
`>mm._:_.<mmw0m<ro
`
`QEMH"
`
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`
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`
`HmOI
`
`muSue
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 002
`Exhibit 1006, Page 002
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 2 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`SE...m35S.33can>«E...¢mmm»>._m:mmw<
`as:>m25:as:>a
`5.9:>am:as:>.23
`__________0mm>u_~_
`
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`
`mom:
`
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`a!lllll
`
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`
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`
`:22.5.30:.=memoEur—km
`
`x05.
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 003
`Exhibit 1006, Page 003
`
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 3 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`_, -NE
`
`mmT EZEQwJ
`
`33%? _
`mm * 5856“ E\
`
`
`_ a _ " EOmEEQSQ u _
`2.5 tn w 3525
`8232.:
`
`wmu Mm Vmm A
`
`wDmEm
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 004
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21,1999
`
`Sheet 4 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`Vma
`
`
`V—” ““““
`“7
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`
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` DELTA SIGMA CONVERTER
`
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`
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`“"T'b
`
`
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`scale
`
`69
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`
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`
`52
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 005
`Exhibit 1006, Page 005
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 5 0f 58
`Sheet 5 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`5,955,869
`
`
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 006
`Exhibit 1006, Page 006
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 6 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`
`
`
`
`0...Foummwm1.223
`
` “020.4
`
`oszm>z_
`
`mm<xa
`
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`
`zo_._.<mmm._.z_
`
`wm<Im
`
`4H
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 007
`Exhibit 1006, Page 007
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 7 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`de
`
`9:mmm233:9:mam
`
`833:.$269mammH.
`
`6:80..
`own..9580ESE
`
`_€Eoo590:0
`
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`
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`
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`mmNmmK
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`
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 008
`Exhibit 1006, Page 008
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21,1999
`
`Sheet 8 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
` high if VDD 2V
`
`Oscillator
`
`VDD
`
`
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 009
`Exhibit 1006, Page 009
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 9 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.12A
`
`100%
`
`Residual
`capacity
`
`Rate of Self - discharge, % oi Full Capacity/day
`
`\\' 5'
`
`Pack Temperature, ° C
`
`,
`
`Full Capacity, percent of Design Capacity
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 010
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 10 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`F|G.13A
`
`\J-30% day
`\ Selt
`Discharge
`
`State of
`charge
`
`L
`
`'\
`
`\
`
`30% 5
`0°C
`
`Temperature
`
`Residual Capacity at EOD, % of Full Capacity
`
`Discharge Current, ck
`
`Pack Temperature, °C
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 011
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 11 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`95% SOC
`
`\
`
`T“
`L_
`
`-
`
`0°C“
`
`TEMPERATURE
`\
`
`m
`
`\
`
`\ m5
`96
`\ El:
`I“
`
`l )
`H615 o.|c RATE OF CHARGE“
`
`IO
`
`“
`
`9F‘
`
`8 r
`
`a,
`
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`
`,5’ T"
`g .
`6....
`
`5
`
`IZckC/f)
`
`0
`
`/
`
`1.554 + 0.8I6 = 2.37OAh
`1
`41
`l
`l
`
`l
`
`I
`
`l
`
`FIG.16
`IO
`
`time
`
`E
`
`voltage 01 m \1 cm (.0 I
`
`2.307 + 0.078= 2.385 Ah
`
`I
`
`J
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 012
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21,1999
`
`Sheetlz 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`«Nap
`
`«No?
`
`_________________.__
`
`553m
`
`3539:
`
`map«up
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 013
`Exhibit 1006, Page 013
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet13 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`523100223ms.8$322383.3%2“38:3.
`
`.m3
`
`
`
`9:55.semena:92%En
`
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`
`296583%82.29.9.2.505100
`
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`
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`
`N33333
`
`5.0T.
`
`Ennis“...
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`
`mmflmso:393;
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`3%om£_o>:3
`
`use9%=5
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`...u<zmoun2953
`
`uu9.28:ou”2:32
`
`auH2956
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 014
`Exhibit 1006, Page 014
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 14 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`22RE0320
`22E.=_En=n.o_8
`
`anteE250
`
`.2.n3.=83mE50:Ease—68:.$2
`
`
`
`
`I.“«NM:5:23.85638H25:03on"mafia»8552.8.o<__8%ouU23842352.ES_---_..:23:_IImoo‘mhflzflnfizoIn”0.532.2cm“.OHM—c.IIIIIIIIIIIIv:5038.Bfihfim:
`
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`
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`
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`
`figure9.5$32383_FI.EST—$40
`«NE.
`
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`
`2263%Es__
`
`
`._|.5.G:A.uw33%80:8._35:83920uu$2.;03as:Auoo<mamas“>m_nm_uuom._32«a:5.5528_u32£29328
`
`
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 015
`Exhibit 1006, Page 015
`
`2.2:.852:8
`
`
`
`
`
`2:.9283:2313ng22an;.”:55.zm_..mv_H—2:05....
`
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`22.3u:3:22
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`
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`i2%8once23.8nF"masmm
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 15 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.19
`initialization
`
`1910
`
`
`
`@
`checks : = cksf(cf_voli, cf_curr, cf_temp)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`checksum 1 =
`checks
`
`
`
`checksum fault
`
`cksf : = sum (high bytes) + sum(iow bytes),
`lf (cksf == 0) cksf : = 1
`
`so checksum written or fatal memory loss
`
`NOM_CAP_DEF : 3000 [mAh]
`CF_VOLT_DEF : 3352 A (d)
`cr=_cunnfloer= : )\ A 755 (d)
`CF_TEMP_DEF : 32768
`SHUNT_OFFSET_DEF :33(d) = 1000/ n (m n]
`co_cunn_osr= : -4m
`AL_REM_TIME_DEF : 10 A [min]
`AL_H|_TEMP__DEF : 7000 (50 °C)
`AL_REM_CAP_DEF : 2000 [mAh]
`SOC_DEF : 16d (12 v.) (1200 < -- > 100 %)
`CHARGE_SCALE :72000 (2 * 60 * 00)
`CKECKSUM_DEF: 0 B (h)
`
`N_DISPLAY : 8 (LED on for 3s + trigger disable)
`N_ALARM : 10 (every 5 9 send alarm)
`N_MESSAGE :
`120 (every minute send message to charger)
`N30 : 60 (every 30 3 auto offset calibration)
`N_SELF : 255
`(every 128 s calculation of selfdischarge)
`N_EOC : 5
`
`
`
`checksum okay
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
` i_diplay : = N_D|SPLAY
`
`i_alarm : = N_ALAFlM
`
`
`i_message : = N_MESSAGE i_self : = N_SELF
`
`
`
`
`i_auto_cal := N30 i_EOC : = N_EOC
`STAHT_EOC : = 0
`
`
`state : = CD, self : = 1
`
`
`
`flashing : = 1, ADC_valid := 0
`end_off(o..3): = 1, end_on(0..3): = 0
`LEDAN = i defines
`
`
`LEDl0[0..5]
`‘
`'
`LEDAN : = 1, SAFETYBIT : = 1,
`
`
`
`safe_v(0..3): = 1
`to outputs
`FiC_0sc||lator_ad|ust
`
`
`
` |earn_cells
`
`
`
`SHELF_SLEEP : = 0
`end Initialization
`shelf sleep mode
`
`
`clear RAM completly
`
`nom_cap : = NOM_CAP__DEF
`cf_volt : = CF_VOLT_DEF
`cf_curr : = CF_CUFlR_DEF
`cf_temp : = CF_TEMP_DEF
`SHUNT_OFFSET : = SHUNT_OFFSET_DEF
`co_curr : = C0_CUFiR_DEF
`AL_FiEM_CAP : = AL_REM_CAP_DEF
`AL_FiEM_TIME : = AL __REM_TIME_DEF
`AL_H|_TEMP : = AL_H|_TEMP__DEF
`fuil_cap : = nom_cap[mAh] * CHARGE_SCALE
`ltf : =full_cap l8, soc : = SOC_DEF
`checksum : = CHECKSUM_DEF
`SHELF_SLEEP : = 1
`
`
`
`1924
`
`1934
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 016
`Exhibit 1006, Page 016
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 16 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`RC_Oscii|ator_adjust
`
`i
`
`RC_CTRL : = o
`
`~2010
`slartvalue ior RC - control - register
`
`CTR : Timer with 1 KHz clock
`‘L 2012
`
`1 ms over ?
`
`counter 1 : counter + 1 m, 2018
`
`counter : incremented
`by RC - Oscillator
`
`4 ms over ?
`
`2024
`
`i> :452 KHZ
`
`RC_CTHL > = 15
`2026
`
`stopvalue for
`RC - control - register
`
`i
`
`[ end RC_0sciilaior_ad|ust J~2028
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 017
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet17 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`A83>232u:9,2:2
`aV2552:
`
`5.07.
`
`
`
`m=woEmo—
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 018
`Exhibit 1006, Page 018
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`S
`
`96
`
`
`
` 9.szas:m"00ml:mmcmfiofimo:
`
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`a3:5:8%Ea2.25.
`
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`2%..umIunmtoEunonotoE$32mm0882%;}?EHE
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`
`
`mammauuome”a53:28£8939389aau.an.”u...2:;
`
`
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`
`
`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 019
`Exhibit 1006, Page 019
`
`
`
`Eu
`
`33a:mm“"5mm“:
`
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`z.mEda_mam
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`
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`
`2a5:23.815.
`
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`
`ENon"=3
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 19 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`8:238mate2%
`
`3E:mon
`
`H@1234
`
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`
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`Exhibit 1006, Page 020
`Exhibit 1006, Page 020
`
`
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`
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`
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`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet20 0f58
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`5,955,869
`
`=8>.223>a2.2$2:2%:23
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 021
`Exhibit 1006, Page 021
`
`
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`
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 21 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`9.5303s;"52.95
`
`
`
`
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`9.5A3288”355.:-232m.95.A3385u525%.228>
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 022
`Exhibit 1006, Page 022
`
`328H2%
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`5:25.25
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`
`hoEa
`
`
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`
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`
`
`
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 22 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.26
`
`self discharge
`
`2610
`
`s = (LUT_S (soc. T) nom_caplmAhD / 8 /256
`
`2612
`
`charging
`
`LUT_S l the daily loss in % of the nom.
`csp. multipl. by LUT_S_blow = 217.6
`
`s[mAh] = (LUT_S ‘ N__SELF * nom_cap [mAh])/
`(24 * 3600 * 2 * 100 * LUT_S_blow)
`
`Overtlow of ltl_err
`(err_overflow: 1) diables
`calculation of |tt_err_S
`
`ltt_CD : = ltt_CD + s
`
`2616
`
`err overflow == 0
`
`ltt_err_S : = ltt_err*S + s
`
`s[unlts] = (LUT_S * nom_cap[mAh] * N_SELF)/
`(24 * 10° * LUT_S_b|0W)
`
`2618
`
`
`
`
`Powen_consun : 77d [0.5 mAs], — 0.3 mA
`LEAKAGE_CAP : 7200a [0.5 mAs] (= 1mAh)
`BATTEHY_MODE.LEAKAGE blt = mean
`
`err_overflow : = 1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`2
`
`
`
`
`BATrERY_MODE.LEAKAGE
`set AND self ==1
`
`2525
`
`
`
`Itf: : ltf- LEAKAGE_CAP
`
`clear BATTERY_MODE. LEAKAGE
`
`2628
`
`2630
`
`
`
`end selldischarge
`
`2632
`
`option : leakage current
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 023
`Exhibit 1006, Page 023
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 23 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.27
`
`Integration
`2710
`
`EPS :5/256 (2 %)
`EPS_S : 26/256 (10 %)
`H_FACTOH : 7
`ITF_ERR_OFFSET : 100 (mA)
`
`2714 w
`128<-->100% soc :=(128'itf)/iui|_ca m
`
`64<-->|C
`
`2716
`
`C_rate I = (111 * R_FACTOH) / (iuli_cap >> 16)
`2718
`
`charging
`
`
`2724
`
`
`Itt_CD : = |tf_CD + 111
`2726
`
`
`pd : = LUT_D( ,c_rate, T)
`2728
`
`Hi > = 4096 mA AND
`
`
`state == CD
`any end_on [0..3] ==
`
`w 2720
`
`discharging
`
`reset_disable : = 1
`resting (l = 0)
`
`
`
`
`2722
`
`delta_|tt : = 111
`
`2732
`
`
`.
`2734
`a : = delta_ltf
`(positive)
`(HE) 2736
`
`
`Ia : =a+ iTF_ERR_OFFSET
`2738
`
`itf_err_C_D : = Itt_err_C_D + a
`2740
`
`42"
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 024
`Exhibit 1006, Page 024
`
`Overflow of
`
`|ti_err_S or
`|ti_err_C_D
`
`
`
`
`no overflow of
`ltf err_C_D
`
`
`
`|11_err : = ltf_err_C_D * EPS / 256 +
`iti_err_$ " EPS_S /256
`
`
`l delta_lt1,|rewriteas2ndcompiemeni
`
`In : - Itt + delta itt
`
`2750
`
`2752 integration at capacity (lti)
`
`|11_Limits
`end integration
`
`2754
`2756
`
`upper and lower limit tor ltf
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 24 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`deE
`
`£52.;
`
`384.2.we.unE
`
`£55.;25
`
`“_s__.§o_
`
`on"33:un3.5=_
`-
`
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`
`38
`
`_.nmagma—<0
`
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`
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`
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`
`:5:.Ea:
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 025
`Exhibit 1006, Page 025
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 25 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`mméi
`
`
`
`
`88.3N"FImEmIoIozm”8:29;EEQE9:35am“£325:.on32.:ESEasE:wass;H52.08
`
`58.3q"wImEmIoIozm55:mmA.VE232:to22m392”.:2;58E:3c.
`3.as8"EIIGIQB522:???23
`m"UOmIzwas;was253E$388%BoEmsmmuE>2:5.:29%anmwmmfiwmwfiawfia
`
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`
`.s,_,=w_____.wm_%mssnags:0522.0.€235xasiaun=22338as
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`925"v:2I“3338
`
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`
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`
`..I.III.IIIN$328.8com52u3.33nuUOmIEEmoI.m““1”th.oEo.52N8
`
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`
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`Esau32I.
`«NamF.08:.uu83ouu:oEoSIE
`
`52.08HA=8>
`
`92,:m5.0ozmvas9moA.»a:E"A8m
`aIEIEIoIIozm"A25..
`
`223mu:82:8
`
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`
`EESIBEME8....
`
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`
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`
`GImSEESIuEEs
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 026
`Exhibit 1006, Page 026
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 26 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.30
`
`end conditionsCD
`
`39‘”
`
`
`3014
`
`uflemmuuvsr : 3050(0) [mV]
`SOC_CD_HYST : 102 (d) (80)
`ERHOFLLIMIT : 1440000 (200 [mAh])
`
`end_ott[UMUX] := 1
`
`end_off[UMUX] := 0
`
`
`
`clearTERMINATE_CHARGE_ALAHM 3016
`
`
`
`3030
`
`3020
`
`3018
`
`set status bit
`FULLY_DISCHARGED
`
`soc < SOC_CD_HYST
`
`clear status bit
`FULLY_DISCHARGED
`
`3022
`
`any end_on [0..3] == 1 AND
`reset_disable ==0
`
`
`EOC_flag =: 1 AND
`Itf_err < ERROILLIMIT
`
`
`
`EOC_1Iag : = 0
`
`
`
`
`
` 1u||_cap : =1ull_cap +1u||_cap * pd/255 - ltt
`
`
`
`
`
`3026
`
`
`cycle_flag == 0 AND
`
`ltf_CD > = (nom_cap * 38) /256
`1_EDV == 0 0R
`
`(C_rate < 1_EDV AND
`
`
`33 I 255 < " > 15 7°
`cap reset_disable == 0)
`
`cycles = cycles + 1
`cycle_1|ag = 1
`
`
`
`3028
`
`
`
`
`|_EDV : = C_rate
`pd_reset : = pd
`
`
`cap_reset_dtsable : = 1
`cap__reset : = 1
`
`
`3040
`
`end end_condltlonsCD
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 027
`Exhibit 1006, Page 027
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 27 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`Exmme£5.BE
`4.325.:nu.228
`
`$8
`
`8m23.Emam3%:as3>5.2
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`Exhibit 1006, Page 028
`Exhibit 1006, Page 028
`
`
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`
`
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`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 28 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`60932:u3.55ao“8.0.n26.3wE9.2”55$:
`aofiuEHAPnz<8u2%mo8IcepAhoz<aH223
`mo33hvH”$533:5
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`
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`
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`
`92,5"u.228
`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 029
`Exhibit 1006, Page 029
`
`
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 29 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`
`
`we“2”Sew—Eu:mmammmedcmmmm.G_H—
`
`mo_Hmomma
`
`585.:uAEu
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`monumommm
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 030
`Exhibit 1006, Page 030
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 30 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`wu5%.:
`
`uH3.393..
`
`352.2"n533
`
`53“..a:
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 031
`Exhibit 1006, Page 031
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`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 31 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`Ee“58512
`
`523x222mm.MU_l
`
`€20#9F5.35.2:.”Eb
`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 032
`Exhibit 1006, Page 032
`
`
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`
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`
`
`
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 32 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`E2u582.;
`
`.30Ne._as.2EE
`
`2mm
`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 033
`Exhibit 1006, Page 033
`
`
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`
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`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 33 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`
`
`7.52u585.:9:282a.
`
`
`
`€9.05cemmémcec
`85m03m.:3
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`
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`
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`
`wales
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 034
`Exhibit 1006, Page 034
`
`xoofilmgts
`
`NWGE
`
`
`
`
`
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`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 34 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`339;m_._..3s8:23838
`8325g533288838
`23130238.32
`
`~me
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`
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 035
`Exhibit 1006, Page 035
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 35 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`9::EB83.”._.._o>|mom<_._o28
`
`523.2%“..2.»nnas5
`
`mm
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`2:35.2293:8
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`
`3:51:34?“25
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 036
`Exhibit 1006, Page 036
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 36 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`oz<nu2:;22
`
`533285638Fu"u=m>|ua<ouu..5:22:00.a2.8ouuo.i23$2.2:23%onu
`
`
`maozleFKmEiovmoeES.
`
`.52so.28E32382m.1888Ewasg88ouH295mm
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`_§I%va__8:$mohmA.42m$8"IIIIIIIIIIIImom!1IIIIAWWEIRWwamzlmmnfimmlI.
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`$3
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`
`abscissa«we.
`
`3250:5920.
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`1a8263E326_u3..83
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`
`w._______|_N.85358n________
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`82:302:2288$333.22eggsas
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`a3523.8E333:.an3332m3mmflmso:3933m.Hmongm3
`
`2%E:--2E22>m585:.$9...“.2
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 037
`Exhibit 1006, Page 037
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 37 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.41
`
`initialization
`
`checks : = ckst(cf_volt, ct_curr, ci_tempI1
`
`
`clear RAM completly
`
`ckst : = sum (high bytes) + sum(low bytes),
`it (ckst == 0) then ckst : :1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`nom_cap : = NOM_CAP_DEF
`cells : = CELLS~DEF
`ct_volt :
`-_- CF_VOLT_DEF
`cl_curr : = CF_CURR_DEF
`ct_temp : = CF_TEMP_DEF
`ci_curr : = CF_CURR_DEF
`co_volt : = CO_VOLT_DEF
`CO_curr : = CO_CURFLDEF
`AL_REM_CAP : = AL_HEM_CAP_DEF
`AL_FtEM_TIME : = AL _REM_TlME_DEF
`AL_HI_TEMP : = AL_Hl_TEMP_DEF
`lull_cap : = nom_cap[mAh) " CHARGE_SCALE
`ltt : = lull_cap / 8, soc : = SOC_DEF
`checksum : = CHECKSUM_DEF
`SHELF_SLEEP : =1
`
`special resets
`
`4113
`
`NOM_CAP_DEF : 2300a [mAh]
`CELLS_DEF :4
`CF_VOLT_DEF : 36611 /2048 (17.875)
`CF_CURH_DEF : 11755 1 16384 (8.717)
`CF_TEMP‘DEF : 32768 / 32768 (1.00)
`CF_VOLT_DEF : 62d
`C0_CUHR_DEF: -4d
`AL_FlEM_TlME_DEF : 10d [min]
`AL_Hl_TEMP_DEF : 750d (55 °C)
`AL_REM_CAP_DEF : 200d [mAh]
`SOC_DEF : 16d (12 %) (128d < -- > 100 %)
`CHARGE_SCALE :7200d (2 1 60 * 60)
`CHECKSUM_DEF :2Ah
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
` N_DlSPLAY :8 (LED on for 3 s + trigger disable)
`
`
`
`l__diplay : = N_DISPLAY
`l_alarm : = N_ALARM
`i_message : = N_MESSAGE
`i__sell : = N_SELF
`
`i__dt_T : = N_DT_T
`l_dt_U : = N_DT_U
`
`state i = C0
`ENA : = U
`
`
`N_ALAHM : 10 (every 5 s send alarm)
`N_MESSAGE :
`120 (every minute send message to charger)
`N_DT_T : 60 (every 30 s calculation of dT)
`N_DT_U : 40 (every 20 s calculation of dU)
`N_SELF : 255
`(every 128 s calculation of selidischarge)
`T_T_DEF : 500 (30 °C)
`
`
`
`
`
`self 2:1
`
`(lashing : =1
`ADC_va|id := 0
`T_T : T_T_DEF
`LEDAN : =1
`Umax : = 0 DBOS_silent : = 0
`dT30 : = 0
`
`
`RC_Oscillator_ad)ust
`
`4124
`
`
`
`
`
`
`SHELF_SLEEP : = 0
`shell sleep mode end Initialization
`
`
`
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 038
`Exhibit 1006, Page 038
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 38 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.42
`
`RC_Oscillator~adjust
`
`4210
`
`4212
`
`
`
`HC_CTRL : = 0
`
`
`
`st rt
`1
`1 no-
`a va ue or
`
`contro
`
`I-
`
`'
`register
`
`RC_OSC_LIMIT:
`113(452 KHZ)
`
`CTR : Timer with 1 KHz clock
`
`1 ms over?
`
`4214
`
`
`
`
`
`
`4218
`
`
`CTR : = 0
`counter : = 0
`
`counter : = counter + 1
`
`counter : incremented
`by RC - Oscillator
`
`
`4 ms over 7
`
`
`
`a stopvaluelor
`
`
`end RC_0sciIIator_ad]ust
`
`RC - control - register
`
`4222
`
`counter > =
`
`
`RC_OSC_LIMIT
`
`HC_CTRL : = RC_CTRL + 1
`
`i> = 452 KHz
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 039
`Exhibit 1006, Page 039
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 39 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`._as2:220we:on
`
`«5
`
`“ontoE25".5?.0852
`as£5.03Nu_
`
`33252h.2._S83:282m:
`8323m_5:23.815383
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`
`325.0252
`
`mwdE
`
`22
`
`3mm_32:.__.2mag.85"So:3.83II.I
`25.355mm:32:.z<5303.-.is_29
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`
`€3.02uu32-:a:
`
`
`
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`
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`
`«maglognssego
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 040
`Exhibit 1006, Page 040
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 40 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`EXOE
`
`_~>u%ul=8u.mm
`
`$5.33as"DEE:
`
`E5is2"25.2
`
`
`
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 041
`Exhibit 1006, Page 041
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 41 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`83I?$3on?
`ozEExomE“nEmamaamE3%5%_83_8-.2%an3%83_Iu"I_.33=52=5:5IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ_.
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 042
`Exhibit 1006, Page 042
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 42 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`3%
`
`55:55:
`
`ou"mun—o—
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`
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 043
`Exhibit 1006, Page 043
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 43 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`E582u92%.:2"wage:
`
`m=8Eng
`
`DYOE
`
`2.8.:32Em
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 044
`Exhibit 1006, Page 044
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 44 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`$5893,2251:
`
`2.2gamma
`
`5&5.a:toas
`
`26:..5:8.as2223
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 045
`Exhibit 1006, Page 045
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 45 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`.InuBom>.
`
`o:Ez285...:m?0—H—
`..II22:38.2..
`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 046
`Exhibit 1006, Page 046
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep.21, 1999
`
`Sheet 46 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`FIG.50
`
`seltdischarge
`
`501”
`
`s : = (LUT_S (soc. . T) * nom_cap[mAh]) /s4
`
`
`50”
`
`
`state == CD
`
`
`5014
`
`|tf_CD : = |tt__CD + s
`
`5016
`
`Overflow of "Le"
`(err_overllow = 1) disables
`calculation of ltf_err_S
`
`err_overtlow == 0
`
`
`
`5018
`
`|ll_err__S : = llt_err_S + s
`
`LUT_S is the daily loss in % of the
`nom. cap. multlpl. by LUT_S_blow
`LUT_S_blow = 6.8
`
`s[mAh] = (LUT_S * N_SELF * nom_cap[mAh]) /
`(24* 3600* 2 * 100 * LUT_S_blow)
`
`s[units] = (LUT_S * nom_cap[mAh] * N_SELF)/
`(24 ' 100 * LUT_S_blow)
`
`POWEFl_CONSUM : 77[0.5mAs], -- -o.3 mA
`LEAKAGE_CAP : 7200 [0.5mAs] (=1 mAh)
`BATI'EFIY_MODE.LEAKAGE : bit 0x2000
`
`m : = m - (s + POWER__CONSUM)
`
`5020
`
` BATTERY_MODE.LEAKAGE
`
`set AND sell == 1
`
`5022
`
`
`
`
`llf : = Itf - LEAKAGE_CAP
`
`5°24
`
`clear BATTERY_MODE.LEAKAGE
`
`5026
`
`I_enable_dT ! = 0
`
`
`
`
`i_enable_dT : = l_enable_dT - 1
`
`5028
`
`5030
`
`end seltdischarge
`
`5032
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 047
`Exhibit 1006, Page 047
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 47 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`sszenmmmoammch.E2&3:as
`
`:moBEIm.:5H22d
`
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`
`:9:as25$9.335“.m.mamE+ooIEu"ooIEE93:35:.wmsuu8m353.san\m.mmA?aua"$5285
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`
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`
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`
`
`
`I.I.52%asp.2208%Era5538.
`
`
`
`:"£33..820?:"EEE£920
`
`
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 048
`Exhibit 1006, Page 048
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet48 0f58
`
`5,955,869
`
`mam
`
`Fuam._.<mm_._<o
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`
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`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 049
`Exhibit 1006, Page 049
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 49 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`Es\v...wean#65
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`
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`Exhibit 1006, Page 050
`Exhibit 1006, Page 050
`
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`US. Patent
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`n.22Fun9..8m52.026555395m-3%.&2%.:momfiw532%93
`
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`
`9350.32Moz<>8_Vcm:8E35mago«newwmoon"an:
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`
`SIIcmHas.on“-835.5%:5“.
`=_.3mg....asitas=3""as:2.32523a;
`
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`
`5.28
`
`2%
`
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`
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`3%3%>
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 051
`Exhibit 1006, Page 051
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 51 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`we:a"555.2auu2.33In2%.on
`
`3mm
`
`862%SA.:0memo
`535.2"homage_ouu”coinageau"m8:E935
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`
`
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 052
`Exhibit 1006, Page 052
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 52 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`mde
`
`BESIEQE".28
`
`2.5a"mofizofixofiw8:“:
`35$:2
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`
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`
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`
`Easomsmafis533.3
`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 053
`Exhibit 1006, Page 053
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Sep. 21, 1999
`
`Sheet 53 0f 58
`
`5,955,869
`
`58:5.uA:5moFHcomm“
`
`$335183
`
`we.a.50mg;
`
`23.:323
`
`83
`
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`
`
`0322652
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`N.256
`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
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`
`£3.02
`
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`
`382258
`
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`
`Exhibit 1006, Page 054
`Exhibit 1006, Page 054
`