Limited States Patent
`Rein et a1.
`
`1191
`
`[ll]
`
`3,053,532
`
`[451 Dec. 110, 1974
`.
`RM
`
`' [541 ALIlPI-IIATIC MONOKETONIES AS TOBACCO
`PLANT SUCKEIR GROWTH CONTROL
`AGENTS
`
`[75]
`
`Inventors: Burton Maxwell Rein, East
`Brunswick; Benjamin Weinsteiln,
`Morganville, both of N .J .
`
`[73] Assignee: Mobile Oil Corporation, New York,
`NY.
`
`[22]
`
`Filed:
`
`July 21, 1972
`
`[21] Appl. No.: 273,901
`
`Related US. Application Data
`[63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 133,366. April 12,
`1971, abandoned, which is a Continuation—impart of
`Ser. No. 95,322, Dec. 4, 1970, abandoned.
`
`[52]
`[51]
`[58]
`
`[56]
`
`2,805,926
`3,340,040
`3,438,765
`
`1
`11.8. C1...................... 71/78, 71/123, 71/DIG.
`Int. Cl............................................... A01n 9/24
`Field of Search ................................. 71/78, 123
`
`References Cited
`UNITED STATES PATENTS
`
`Schoene .................................. 71/78
`Tso ............
`71/78
`Tso et al. ................................ 71/78
`
`9/1957
`9/1967
`4/1969
`
`3,443,928
`3,556,763
`3,592,910
`
`5/1969
`1/1971
`7/1971
`
`Batchelor ................................ 71/78
`
`...... 71/78
`Gower et al.
`
`Clark et a1. ............... 7l/DIG.
`I
`
`FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS
`905,821
`9/1962
`,Great Britain .................. 260/593 R
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Rabilloud, “Addm. Reactions Ivit. by Radiation etc.,”
`(1966), CA64, pp. 1573245733, (1966).
`Jahnsen, “Complexity of Bop Oil,” (1962), CASS, p.
`4371,(1963).
`.
`Tso et al. II, “Prelin. Abs. on Inhibition of Tobacco
`Suckers, Etc.,” (1963), Tobacco Science 156, pp.
`23—27, (1963).
`
`Primary Examiner—Glennon H. Hollrah
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Andrew L. Gaboriault;
`Mitchell G. Condos; Howard M. Flournoy
`
`[ 5 7]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`2-
`by
`exemplified
`as
`Aliphatic monoketones,
`dodccanone and 2-undecanone, are highly effective
`for controlling axillary growth (i.e., sucker growth) on
`tobacco plants.
`
`10 Claims, No Drawings
`
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`Exhibit 1014
`Exhibit 1014
`Page 0001
`Page 0001
`
`

`

`T
`
`3,853,532
`
`2
`
`ALIPHATIC MONOKETONES AS TOBACCO
`PLANT SUCKEIR GROWTH CONTROL AGENTS
`
`,
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.
`133,366, filed Apr. 12, 1971, and now abandoned enti-
`tled ALIPHATIC MONOKETONES AS TOBACCO
`PLANT SUCKER‘ GROWTH CONTROL AGENTS
`which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.
`95,322, filed Dec. 4, 1970, and now abandoned, enti-
`tled PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY AGENT
`AND TREATMENT.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`,
`1. Field of the Invention
`This invention relates to methods and compositions
`of matter for control of axillary growth (i.e., sucker
`growth) on tobacco plants.
`2. Prior Art
`
`In the case of tobacco plants, obtaining the maximum
`yield of tobacco of good quality requires removal of the
`flower or reproductive growth from the leaves or vege-
`tative growth of the plant. This process is known as top—
`ping. If the topping is delayed beyond the early flower
`stage, yields are significantly decreased with each day
`of the delay. Once the plant is topped by cutting, axil-
`lary growth between each leaf and the stalk begins.
`This sucker growth must be controlled to prevent de-
`creases in both yield and quality which are similar to
`those that result from not topping the tobacco plant.
`Sucker control is particularly important when mechani-
`cal harvesting is employed for the crop.
`For many years suckers were individually pulled from
`the topped plants by hand several
`times during the
`growing season at a considerable labor cost. More re-
`cently a variety of chemical agents have been employed
`for the purpose with varying degrees of success. As one
`of the early contact treatments, the application by hand
`of mineral oil to the top of the stalk to run down and
`kill the sucker initials by contact was an improvement
`over the manual operation. It was not completely satis-
`factory because it provided only partial and short term
`control while introducing stalk and leaf rotting prob—
`lems.
`
`liquids containing maleic hydrazide
`Subsequently,
`derivatives like those described in Schoene et al. US.
`Pat. No. 2,805,926, have been sprayed effectively as
`systemic agents for the control of suckers on much of
`the domestic tobacco crop. However, these agents have
`their limitations; it has been found that they should not
`be applied until tobacco flowers reach the late bloom
`stage in order to avoid retarding the growth of the
`leaves, which involves a loss in quality and approxi—
`mately 25 pounds less yield per acre for every day the
`topping of tobacco is delayed beyond the early flower
`stage. To minimize such losses, a number of dual treat-
`ments have been devised wherein a contact agent has
`been sprayed on the tobacco immediately after topping
`in early bloom followed by treatment at an appropriate
`‘ later date with a maleic hydrazide derivative for sys-
`temic action. The systemic agent acts within the plant
`system, and the timing of its application is critical be;
`cause all parts of the plant are affected by it. On the
`other hand, the contact agent affects only the exterior
`of the plant in tending to inhibit new growth (i.e., the
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`. sucker) and to stimulate the further growth of estab-
`lished leaves and thus produce the larger leaves which
`are desired. Accordingly, while such systemic agents
`provide good sucker control over a longer period of
`time than the contact materials, the contact agents
`have the important advantage of being usable at an
`ideal early treating time to enhance the yield and qual-
`ity of tobacco.
`Among the known contact control agents are fatty
`acid derivatives such as dimethyldodecylamine acetate,
`esters of fatty acids, as exemplified by methyl caprate,
`and mixtures of octanol and decanol dispersed in a suit-
`able liquid carrier. In contrast with the laborious topi-
`cal application of mineral oils, both these contact
`agents and the systemic agents may be readily applied
`by spraying. Currently, the use of two-step dual treat-
`ments is increasing as they have provided the best over-
`all sucker control, especially for mechanically har-
`vested crops.
`It is not known with any certainty why fatty acid de-
`rivatives are effective “chemical pruning agents.” Su-
`perficially it might appear that their activity is strictly
`a function of chain length. However, H. M. Cathey and
`G. L. Steffens present evidence that factors other than
`chain length are criteria also to be considered. For ex-
`ample, in their article, “Relation of the Structure of
`Fatty Acid Derivatives to Their Action as Chemical
`Pruning Agents,” Society of the Chemical Industry
`Monograph No. 30, London, England, 1968, they con—
`cluded that the position and number of carbons making
`up fatty acid esters alter their effectiveness; that C3, C9,
`C10 and C12 fatty alcohols were highly effective, while
`the Cu alcohol, 1-undecanol killed both terminal meri-
`stems and auxillary buds and C6 and C7 alcohols were
`inactive at equal concentrations. This zig zag profile of
`activity indicates that acivity as .a function of chain
`length is not predictable. The article concludes with a
`comment by Dr. Cathey in which he states that many
`fatty compounds were tested as chemical pruning
`agents but the active compounds found as a result of
`such tests were fatty acid esters or alcohols. It is, there-
`fore, quite surprising and unexpected that aliphatic ke-
`tones according to this invention are effective control
`agents.
`9
`Certain embodiments of the instant invention are
`also particularly concerned with novel Contact treat-
`ments for inhibiting the development of suckers on to—
`bacco.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`The present invention relates to both compositions of
`matter for controlling tobacco plant sucker growth and
`methods of treating tobacco plants by contact with
`such compositions. These compositions of matter com-
`prise at least one substantially non-volatile aliphatic
`monoketone having at least 4 carbon atoms, and more
`specifically, 4 to about 18 carbon atoms, and an inert
`solid or liquid carrier therefor.
`Narrower aspects of this invention involve one or
`more of such features as preferred 2-ketone, especially
`2-dodecanone and 2-undecanone; a carrier material
`which includes a solvent or a surfactant for dispersing
`the ketone; and the utilization of an aqueous dispersion
`of said ketone in treating tobacco plants.
`
`DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
`In addition to conventional carrier materials,
`the
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`Exhibit 1014
`Exhibit 1014
`Page 0002
`Page 0002
`
`

`

`3
`
`3,853,532
`
`41
`
`the application of a systemic agent at an appropriate
`time in a treatment.
`
`The quantities of the present compositions that are
`required for such purposes vary considerably as they
`are dependent upon a number of factors, including the
`size and type of plant undergoing treatment, the ketone
`selected, the method of applying the agent, the stage of '
`sucker growth and atmospheric conditions, such as
`temperature and rainfall. Accordingly, the quantity of
`active treating agent for any particular application is
`best determined by experiment. In the case of young
`tobacco plants that have just been topped, sucker de-
`velopment can often be appreciably restricted by the
`application of about 0.01 ounce of the active pinching
`agent in a suitably diluted liquid carrier per plant, but
`better results are usually obtained with a treatment in-
`volving at least 0.03 ounce of the aliphatic ketone per
`plant; and these figures include the quantity of active
`material lost in the applicataion by the run-off of treat-
`ing solution involved in thoroughly wetting all axils of
`plant. For treating various plants on an acreage basis,
`an initial application at the rate of about 8 pounds of
`ketone per acre may be employed as a trial for deter-
`mining the optimum treatment.
`For a better understanding of the nature, objects and
`advantages of this invention, reference should be had
`to the following detailed examples which are intended
`for illustration rather than as limitations on the scope
`of this invention. Unless specified otherwise, all pro-
`portions in this specification are set forth in terms of
`weight.
`
`EXAMPLES 1 — 24
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`compositions of this invention contain at least one ali-
`phatic monoketone having at least 4 carbon atoms,
`more specifically 4 to about 18 carbon atoms and, still
`more specifically, 8 to 18 carbon atoms, as illustrated
`by hexanone, decanone, undecanone, hexadecanone
`and octadccanone. These ketones may be either
`straight chain, branched chain or cyclic in structure. In
`general, the 2-kctones are preferred, particularly 2-
`dodecanone and 2-undecanone, but the keto group
`may be
`located elsewhere, as exemplified by 4-
`dodecanone. Other exemplary ketones are 2-methyl-3-
`decanone and 4—nonylcyclohexanone. These ketones
`can be prepared by a variety of known methods.
`In carrying out the method of this invention for selec-
`tively regulating tobacco plant sucker growth,
`the
`treating agent may be applied to the plants in various
`ways. For instance, the compositions may be applied in
`a growth-controlling amount in the form of solutions or
`aqueous dispersions or more desirably by spraying.
`A great many liquid carrier materials may be em—
`ployed incombination with the ketone including, inter-
`alia, organic solvents of relatively low phytotoxicity,
`such as methanol, butanol, amyl acetate, xylenes, min-
`eral oils, certain chlorinated hydrocarbons (e.g., ethyl-
`ene dichloride), butane, propane and other gases com-
`pressed to the liquid state, as well as surfactants for dis—
`persing the ketone in water and water for such aqueous
`dispersions. As the surfactant component, anionic and
`nonionic emulsifiers or surface active agents are often
`preferred since many more of them have received the
`approval of agricultural authorities than cationic sur-
`factants, but many of the latter type should be opera-
`tive for dispersing the ketone. In general, almost any
`solid or liquid material may be used as a carrier which
`is capable of dissolving or dispersing the ketone in sub-
`stantial dilutidn and which is not harmful to the to-
`bacco plant or its intended use, especially materials
`that are commonlyused as carriers for other agricul-
`tural treating compounds. In most instances an aqueous
`carrier is preferred. Further, the carriers may include
`binding agents for holding the ketone in contact with
`the plant and/or various film-forming agents, as exem-
`plified by mineral and ester waxes, and natural and syn-
`thetic resins and polymers, to minimize the loss of the
`ketone from the treated plant by evaporation or the
`washing action of rain.
`In many instances, it is preferred to apply the compo-
`sitions as rather dilute solutions or dispersions of the
`ketone over the top of the tobacco plant and around
`the upper portion of its foliage to the extent of run—off
`in order to insure contact with sucker growth as the liq—
`uid drains down the stem of the plant. The plants are
`generally treated in an early stage of growth before the
`suckers are well developed; however, the new suckers
`can also be treated. It is particularly desirable for the
`application to immediately follow mechanical topping
`of plants in early bloom.
`The compositions of the present invention are excel-
`lent contact control agents for inhibiting sucker devel-
`opment on tobacco plants by a wholly external action
`and thereby stimulating the further development of es-
`tablished foliage in growing the large tobacco leaves
`which are prized in the market. This contact treatment
`is regarded as a special type of chemical pinching activ—
`ity on tobacco, and it may be employed alone for
`sucker control or it may be used in conjunction with
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`In a series of 24 greenhouse tests of individual potted
`tobacco plants which had reached the flowering stage
`and had been topped on the day of treatment, aqueous
`dispersions of 2-dodecanone (i.e., examples 1—19) and
`2-undecanone (i.e., examples 20—24) containing vari—
`ous different commercial surfactants, and also film-
`forming agents in several
`instances, were tested for
`sucker control under comparable conditions. The sur-
`face active substances and film-forming materials are
`listed in the table hereinafter along with the results ob-
`served 3 weeks after treatment of the tobacco plants.
`
`In examples 1-14, the dispersions were initially pre-
`pared in concentrated form by stirring 10 parts of the
`ketone (91 percent pure) and 5 parts of the surfactant
`or surfactant mixture into 85 parts by weight of water
`at 68°—86°F. until stable and homogeneous dispersions
`were obtained. In Examples 1 l, 12 and 13, the quantity
`of water was reduced to 80 parts and 5 parts of a film-
`forming substance was added. The treating composi-
`tion of Example 1 l was prepared by mixing the ketone
`and polyoxyethylene [20] sorbitan monolaurate into
`water, and then heating the mixture to 140°F. before
`adding the wax in molten condition with sufficient agi-
`tation to form a stable emulsion. The surfactant serves
`a dual purpose of emulsifying or dispersing the long
`chain ketone in water and also of improving the wetting
`characteristics of the final treating liquid plants. In ad-
`dition, it acts as an agent for dispersing hydrophobic
`film-forming substances in aqueous carriers to retain
`the ketone on the plant upon exposure to outside
`weather conditions. The methyl cellulose in the compo—
`sitions of Example 14 has a dual function in acting first
`to disperse the ketone and later as a film-forming agent
`
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`Exhibit 1014
`Exhibit 1014
`Page 0003
`Page 0003
`
`

`

`5
`
`3,853,532
`
`6
`
`after the aqueous dispersion has been applied to the
`plant.
`Each of the concentrated dispersions or emulsions
`was diluted with water to provide a treating liquid with
`a 2-dodecanone content of about 3 percent by weight;
`and an atomizer was employed to spray 10 ml. of the
`dilute agent on the upper foliage of the deflowered to-
`bacco plants.
`‘
`In Examples 15—24, the formulations were prepared
`in accordance with the following tabulation:
`
`The surfactant of Example 2 is of the “spreader
`sticker” variety for both promoting the spreading of the
`aqueous dispersion on leaf surfaces and also providing
`improved adhesion and rain-resistance of the dried
`spray deposit on plant surfaces; and that employed in
`Example 4, 15—17 and 20—22 is of the “sticker” type to
`enhance adhesion and resistance to being washed off
`by rain.
`‘
`
`10
`
`From the foregoing data, it will be noted that the
`compounds for use in this invention do an excellent job
`
`EXAMPLE
`
`FORMULATION INGREDIENTS*
`
`M %
`
`Surfactant or
`Film-Forming Agent
`%2-dodecanone
`(2)
`(3)
`(1)
`(91%pur6)
`
`M15 27.1 13.6 59.3
`
`
`16
`27.6 '
`27.6
`44.8
`17
`25.7
`51.4
`22.9
`18
`25.5
`19
`26.1
`% 2-undecanone
`20
`.
`21
`27.6
`22
`25.4
`23
`25.8
`24
`26.1
`" is percent by weight
`(I) “Maran B“ Potassium msin mappaste.
`(2) Methanol
`(3) "Tween 20" Polyoxyethylcnc [20] sorbitan monolauratc.
`(4) Paraffin wax as film forming agent.
`
`14.4
`27.6
`50.8
`
`56.9
`44.8
`23.8
`
`6.4
`6.5
`
`6.5
`6 5
`
`12.7
`26.1
`
`55.4
`41.3
`
`12.9
`26 l
`
`54.8
`41 3
`
`Again, an atomizer was employed to spray 10 ml of
`the dilute agent on the upper foliage of the deflowered
`tobacco plants.
`There weeks after-the treatment, each plant was sub—
`jected to a careful inspection and the results are tabu-
`lated in the following Table:
`
`of controlling suckers. These examples also indicate
`that acceptably low phytotoxicity is obtainable in treat-
`ments employing a substantial number of surfactants of
`widely different chemical structure. In Examples 13
`and 24, substantial phytotoxicity was encountered with
`a treating liquid containing polyoxyethylene [20] sorbi—
`
`TABLE
`._W."
`
`EXAMPLE
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`9
`10
`1
`1
`12
`
`SURFACTANT
`sorbitan mononleate with
`"Atplus 110“ Polyoxycthylcnc [20]
`mom» & digylccrides
`”Triton 8—1956“
`Modified glycorol-phthalic
`alkyl resin
`sulfosuccinamate
`”Aerosol 18“ Disodium octadecyl
`“Maran D“ Potassium rosin
`soap-paste
`“Maran F“ Rosin soap—liquid
`“Contromix LP 250" Lecithin base
`Sucrose monolaurale
`“Span-20“ Sorbilal monolaurate
`sorbitan monolaurate
`“Tween-20" Polyoxycthylene [20]
`50—50 “Tween—20" & “
`ant20"
`“Tween-202'
`“Tween-20"
`
`FILM-FORMING
`AGENT
`——
`
`——
`
`——
`—
`——
`—
`—-
`—~
`—-
`——
`Paraffin wax
`Polybutcnylamine amide
`(650 av. mol. wt.)
`P01 styrene S-37
`(Su actant serves)
`
`()BSIZRVA’I'IONS- 3 WEEKS
`SUCKER
`CONTROL
`ACTIVITY
`ch
`
`PHYTOTOXICITY
`Low
`
`_
`
`Low
`
`Low
`Low
`Low '
`Low
`Low
`Low
`Substantial
`Low
`bow
`bow
`
`Yes
`
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`Yes
`
`Yes
`Low
`“Tween-20"
`13
`Yes
`Low
`Methyl cellulose
`14
`Poor to no control
`Low
`do.
`15
`Yes
`None
`do.
`16
`Yes
`None
`do.
`17
`Yes
`None
`do.
`18
`Yes
`None
`do.
`19
`None
`Yes
`do.
`20
`Yes
`None
`d0.
`21
`None
`Yes
`do.
`22
`Yes
`Low
`do.
`23
`Yes
`.
`Substantial
`do
`24
`*MM
`
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`Exhibit 1014
`Exhibit 1014
`Page 0004
`Page 0004
`
`

`

`7
`
`3,853,532
`
`8
`
`tan monolaurate as the surfactant. However, no such
`trouble occurred in Example 15, 16 and 17 with one of
`several different film-forming substances present in an
`otherwise similar dispersion, and low phytotoxic char-
`acteristics were observed in Example 14 in which half
`portion of the same surfactant was replaced by an equal
`weight of sorbitan monolaurate. Thus, it is possible in
`at least some instances to eliminate or minimize plant
`damage that is apparently attributable to some surfac-
`tants by incorporating certain types of film-forming
`agents in the treating liquid or by substituting another
`surface active agent for part or all of a surfactant that
`is suspected of causing such damage.
`EXAMPLE 25
`
`The treating agent of Example 4 was subjected to a
`field test on tobacco after diluting the concentrated dis-
`persion of 2-dodecanone and rosin soap with more
`water to a concentration of the active ketone approxi-
`mating 2 percent. TWenty tobacco plants growing in an
`open field were topped while in an early flowering stage
`and the upper foliage of each of ten of these plants was
`sprayed to run-off with approximately 1 ounce of the
`diluted agent by means of an atomizer, while the re-
`maining 10 plants were maintained as controls and not
`subject to any treatment. Three weeks later, each of the
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`ment, the average sucker control activity index of 3.2
`represented very good sucker control and the average
`phytotoxieity rating was 0.7. In comparison with two
`widely used commercial preparations for sucker con—
`trol, a systemic agent and one of the contact control
`types, the sucker control activity displayed here by the
`present ketone—containing material was found to be
`similar.
`
`EXAMPLES 27 —— 38
`
`To further illustrate the tobacco sucker control activ-
`ity of ketones according to the invention the following
`series of 12 greenhouse tests (Examples 27 to 38) were
`performed. The formulations consisted of 25 percent of
`the selected ketone compound, 25 percent _Maran-D
`and 50 percent methanol diluted with water to a con-
`centration of 3 percent (unless otherwise noted) active
`ingredient for spraying. Examples 27, 28, 30 and 31 re—
`quired a 10 percent spray concentration to achieve
`meaningful sucker control activity. 10 ml. of the dilute
`agent was sprayed on the upper foliage of the deflow-
`ered tobacco plants two days after topping: Visual ob—
`servations were made and sucker growth activity tabu-
`lated as shown in the table below, 18 to 19 days after
`treatment.
`
`
`
`Tobacco Sucker Control
`———~———.—__~—___________
`Example Compound
`—————-—————_—_—__—__—____.
`Phytotoxicity
`Sucker Control Activity
`
`27
`28
`29
`30
`3 l
`32
`33
`34
`35
`36
`
`2~Butunone
`2-Pentanone
`2—Henanone
`2-Heptanone
`Z-Octnnone
`2-Nonanone
`2-Decanone
`3-Dodeeanone
`(i-Undecanone
`2-MethyI-3—
`decanonc
`yes
`low
`2-Tridecanone
`3 7
`
`
`4-Nonylcyclo-3 8 yes none
`
`
`none
`non-trace
`none
`none
`non-trace
`mild-inuderute
`low
`low
`none
`none
`
`yes
`yes
`yes
`yes
`yes
`yes
`yes
`yes
`yes
`yes
`
`plants was closely inspected and evaluated as to sucker
`control activity by listing a numerical rating ranging
`from O for no apparent inhibition of sucker develop-
`ment to 4 for 100 percent sucker control; phytotoxic
`effects were similarly evaluated on the scale of 0 for no
`observable plant damage ranging up to 4 for complete
`destruction of the plant. After averaging the individual
`ratings, the treated plants were found to have a 2.2
`index for sucker control activity which is indicative of
`good control of suckers and phytotoxicity rating of 0.7
`representing only slight plant damage. The untreated
`plants displayed no restriction of sucker development
`and no phytotoxic effects, and accordingly received
`index ratings of 0 in both categories.
`EXAMPLE 26
`
`Simultaneously, another field test was carried out in
`the same manner as Example 25 with the same un-
`treated or control plants and with ten similar plants
`which were each subjected to a spray treatment with
`about
`1 ounce of the same agent in a more concen-
`trated form namely a 3 percent of the technical 2-
`dodecanone. Upon evaluating the results of this treat-
`
`While the instant invention has been described in full
`detail in a considerable number of similar examples for
`purposes of valid comparison of results, it willbe ap-
`parent to those skilled in the art that the present com-
`positions and treating methods are subject to many var-
`iations and modifications within the scope of the fore-
`going disclosure. Accordingly this invention should not
`be construed as limited in any particulars, except as
`may be recited in the appended claims or required by
`the prior art.
`What is claimed is:
`
`l. A method for controlling the axillary growth
`known as suckers between a tobacco plant leaf and
`stalk which comprises contacting said plant with an
`amount, sufficient to inhibit sucker development, of a
`composition comprising a substantially non—volatile C4
`— C18 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monoketone.
`2. The method of claim 1 comprising contacting the
`tobacco plant with a composition comprising an
`amount, sufficient to inhibit sucker development of a
`substantially non-volatile C4 — C18 saturated aliphatic
`hydrocarbon monoketone and an inert solid or liquid
`carrier therefor, wherein said composition is water mis-
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`Exhibit 1014
`Exhibit 1014
`Page 0005
`Page 0005
`
`

`

`3,853,532
`‘
`9
`cible and said monoketone is admixed with a surfac-
`tant.
`.
`'
`'
`_
`3. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said
`minoketonehisda 24:29“? .
`l
`.
`l
`h
`.
`q 'd
`'
`met 0
`as
`6 me
`1n calm ’ W ereln ‘al-
`monoketone is 2-dodecanone.
`_
`5. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said
`monoketone is 2-undecanone.
`6. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said
`monoketone is 2—butanone.
`
`Ml)
`7. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said
`monoketone is 2-tridecanone.
`8. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said
`monoketone is 3-dodecanone.
`.
`9.Amethodasdefined in claim l,wherein the mono~
`.
`ketone1s 2-methyl-3-decanone.
`10. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the
`monoketone i5 4—nonylcyclohexanone.
`*
`*
`>1:
`*
`=5:
`
`5
`
`[0
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`3O
`
`35
`
`,40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`Exhibit 1014
`Exhibit 1014
`Page 0006
`Page 0006
`
`

`

`435763330
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
`CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
`
`7
`
`Patentbm.- 3:853:532
`
`Dated December 10,
`
`lQZA
`
`Invauwr(s)' BURTON MAXWELL REIN and BENJAMIN WEINSTEIN
`
`It is certified that error appears in the above—identified patent
`and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
`
`F—
`
`_
`
`7
`
`‘1
`
`Column 5
`"Maran Ba
`
`under * No. l in the Example ”(1)
`Should read -— (l) ”Maran D” —-.
`
`
`Column 6 Table Example 20 under phytotoxicity
`”yes” should read -— none --.
`
`COlumn 6, Table Example 22 under phytotoxicity
`n”yes should read -— none -—.
`
`Column 6, Table Example 24 under phytotOxicity
`”yes” should read —— substantial -—.
`
`Column 8, Table under Compound, Example 38 ”4-
`Nonylcyclo-" should read —- 4-Nonylcyclohexanone -—.
`
`Signed and sealed this 4th day of March 1975.
`
`(SEAL)
`fittest:
`
`RUTH C. MASON
`Attesting Officer
`
`.
`
`Commissioner of Patents
`and Trademarks
`
`C. MARSHALL DANE
`
`L-
`
`_I
`
`
`
`1,4 GROUP, INC.
`L4GROUPJNC.
`Exhibit 1014
`Exhibit 1014
`Page 0007
`
`