`
`Ryan E. Hatch (SBN 235577)
`rhatch@linerlaw.com
`Jason L. Haas (SBN 217290)
`jhaas@linerlaw.com
`LINER LLP
`1100 Glendon Avenue, 14th Floor
`Los Angeles, California 90024.3518
`Telephone: (310) 500-3500
`Facsimile:
`(310) 500-3501
`Attorneys for Plaintiff SIGNAL IP, INC.
`
`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
`
`SIGNAL IP, INC., a California
`corporation,
`
`Plaintiff,
`
`vs.
`AMERICAN HONDA MOTOR CO.,
`INC., a California corporation;
`HONDA OF AMERICA MFG, INC.,
`an Ohio corporation,
`Defendant.
`
`AND RELATED CASES
`
`Case No. 2:14-cv-02454-JAK (JEMx)
`(Related to 2:14-cv-02962-JAK
`(JEMx); SA CV14-00497-JAK (JEMx);
`8:14-cv-00491-JAK (JEMx); 2:14-cv-
`02963 JAK (JEMx); 2:14-cv-02457-
`JAK (JEMx); 2:14-cv-03111-JAK
`(JEMx); LA CV14-03109 JAK (JEMx);
`2:14-cv-03107-JAK (JEMx); 2:14-cv-
`03113-JAK (JEMx); 2:14-cv-03108-
`JAK (JEMx); 2:14-cv-03114-JAK
`(JEMx))
`JOINT CLAIM CONSTRUCTION
`BRIEF
`Date: March 31, 2015
`Time: 8:30 a.m.
`Crtrm.: 750
`The Hon. John A. Kronstadt
`Trial Date:
`TBD
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`Case No. 2:14-cv-02454-JAK (JEMx)
`JOINT OPENING CLAIM CONSTRUCTION BRIEF
`
`VWGoA - Ex. 1008
`Volkswagen Group of America, Inc., Petitioner
`Signal IP, Inc., Patent Owner
`Case No. IPR2015-01116
`
`1
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`Case 2:14-cv-03113-JAK-JEM Document 75 Filed 03/11/15 Page 2 of 249 Page ID #:4718
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`i
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`I.
`II.
`
`C.
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`Page
`INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................1
`LEGAL STANDARDS.....................................................................................2
`A. Defendants’ Statement ............................................................................2
`B.
`Signal’s Statement...................................................................................3
`III. DISCUSSION....................................................................................................5
`A. Defendants’ Statement on Indefiniteness................................................5
`B.
`VWGOA and Bentley’s Statement – Extrinsic Evidence is Not
`Required to Prove Indefiniteness............................................................6
`Signal’s Statement...................................................................................9
`1.
`Defendants Failed to Meet Their Burden of Proof to Show
`Indefiniteness................................................................................9
`D.
`‘927 Patent ............................................................................................13
`Defendants’ Summary of ‘927 Patent .............................................................13
`1.
`Preamble (Claim 1).....................................................................16
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................16
`(b) Honda’s Statement ...........................................................17
`(c)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................18
`“Variable sustain time” (Claims 1 and 2)...................................18
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................18
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................24
`“Wherein the zone of coverage appears to increase
`according to the variable sustain time” (Claim 1)......................25
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................25
`(b) VWGoA and Bentley’s Separate Statement ....................31
`(c) Honda’s Alternative Construction....................................32
`(d)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................34
`“A threshold time” (Claim 1) .....................................................40
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................40
`
`2
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`5.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`Signal’s Statement............................................................44
`(b)
`“Improving the perceived zone of coverage” (Claim 1) ............45
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................45
`(b) VWGoA and Bentley’s Separate Statement ....................47
`(c)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................48
`E.
`‘375 Patent ............................................................................................49
`Defendants’ Summary of ‘375 Patent .............................................................49
`6.
`“Force distribution” (Claim 1)....................................................51
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................51
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................53
`“On the passenger seat” (Claim 1) .............................................55
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................55
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................58
`“Seat area” (Claim 1).................................................................60
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................60
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................64
`“Sensor array” / “Array of force sensors” (Claim 1)..................66
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................66
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................69
`“Seat area threshold force” (Claim 1).........................................71
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................72
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................74
`“Concentrated” (Claim 1)..........................................................75
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................75
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................78
`F.
`‘007 Patent ............................................................................................80
`Defendants’ Summary of the ‘007 Patent .......................................................80
`12.
`“Seat sensors” (Claims 1, 17, 18 & 19)......................................80
`
`10.
`
`11.
`
`ii
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`13.
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`14.
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`15.
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`16.
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`17.
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`18.
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`19.
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`20.
`
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................80
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................83
`“Lock flag” / “Flag” (Claims 1 & 17) ........................................84
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................85
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................87
`“For a time” / “For a given time” (Claims 1 & 17)....................88
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................88
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................91
`“A second threshold” (Claim 20) ...............................................92
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................93
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................94
`“Relative weight parameter” (Claims 1, 17, 20-22)...................95
`(a) Defendants’ Statement .....................................................96
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement............................................................99
`“Setting” / “Set a lock flag when…” (Claims 1, 17)................100
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................101
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................103
`“A level indicative of an empty seat” (Claims 1, 17)...............104
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................104
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................106
`“Arrayed in an interface defined by the bottom surface”
`(Claim 19).................................................................................109
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................110
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................112
`“Means for selectively allowing deployment according to
`the outputs of seat sensors responding to the weight of an
`occupant” (Claim 1)..................................................................113
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................114
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................117
`
`iii
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`(i)
`
`(iv)
`
`Legal Standard for Means-Plus-Function
`Analysis................................................................117
`(ii) The Limitations Are Not in Means-Plus-
`Function Format Because a POSA Would
`Identify Structure in the Claims...........................118
`(iii) Defendants’ Arguments Fail Because they
`Provide No Evidence from a POSA.....................120
`If the Claims are in Means-Plus-Function
`Format, then the Corresponding Structure is
`the Microprocessor...............................................121
`“Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment according
`to whether a seat is occupied by a person of at least a
`minimum weight” (Claim 17)..................................................124
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................125
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................127
`G.
`‘486 Patent ..........................................................................................128
`Defendants’ Summary of the ‘486 Patent .....................................................128
`22.
`“Desired warning distance based upon the current steering
`angle” / “Desired Warning Distance” (Claims 21 and 28).......129
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................129
`(b) Honda’s Position ............................................................132
`(c) BMWNA’s Position on “desired warning distance”......133
`(d)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................135
`(i)
`The Warning Distance Need Not Always
`“Vary” Depending On the Current Steering
`Angle....................................................................135
`(ii) Not All Objects Within the Warning Distance
`Will Result in an Alarm .......................................137
`(iii) There is No Basis for Requiring the Distance
`to be “Defined” ....................................................138
`H.
`‘601 Patent ..........................................................................................138
`Defendants’ Summary of the ‘601 Patent .....................................................138
`23.
`“During conditions when…” (Claims 8 and 15) ......................139
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................139
`
`21.
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`24.
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`25.
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`26.
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`27.
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`Signal’s Statement..........................................................141
`(b)
`“Threshold torque range indicative of conditions of
`relatively low vehicle torque demand” (Claim 8) ....................142
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................143
`(b) VWGoA and Bentley's Separate Statement ...................148
`(c) Honda’s Alternative Argument. .....................................150
`(d)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................151
`(i)
`The Term “Threshold Torque Range…” is
`Definite and Refers to the Vehicle’s Engine .......151
`(ii) Honda’s Construction is Incorrect .......................157
`“De-engaging/re-engaging,” etc. ..............................................157
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................158
`(i)
`Engage/De-Engage and Activate/Deactivate
`Terms....................................................................158
`(ii)
`“Signal” Terms.....................................................160
`(b)
`Signal IP Statement ........................................................162
`“Region of relatively high and low efficiency,” etc.
`(Claims 15 and 17)....................................................................163
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................164
`(b) VWGoA and Bentley’s Separate Statement ..................166
`(c) Nissan and Honda Separate Statement...........................169
`(d)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................172
`(i)
`The Term “Region of Relatively High and
`Low Efficiency” (and Related Terms) is
`Definite and Refers to the Vehicle’s Engine .......172
`(ii) Defendants’ Alternative Proposed
`Constructions Are Contrary to the Evidence .......175
`“Mapping” / “Mapping the respective regions of
`relatively high and low efficiency in an efficiency map for
`the propulsion unit” (Claims 15 & 17).....................................176
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................176
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................179
`
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`28.
`
`30.
`
`“Efficiency map” (Claims 15 and 17) ......................................181
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................181
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................183
`I.
`‘374 Patent ..........................................................................................185
`Defendants’ Summary of the ‘374 Patent .....................................................185
`29.
`“All having the same data format but distinctive codes for
`tire transmitters and vehicle function transmitters” (Claim
`1) ...............................................................................................186
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................186
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................188
`“A switch activated by a vehicle user” (Claim 3) ....................190
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................190
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................191
`“Sign-up message” (Claim 3)...................................................193
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................193
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................195
`“Each tire” (Claim 3)................................................................196
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................197
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................199
`J.
`‘775 Patent ..........................................................................................199
`Defendants’ Summary of the ‘775 Patent .....................................................200
`33.
`“Message rate” (Claim 6) .........................................................200
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................200
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................202
`“Message rate interval” (Claim 6)............................................204
`(a) VWGoA and Bentley’s Statement .................................204
`(b) MBUSA’s Statement......................................................209
`(c) BMWNA’s Position. ......................................................212
`(d)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................215
`
`31.
`
`32.
`
`34.
`
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`35.
`
`36.
`
`“Message Rate Interval” is Definite and
`Means “A Period of Time Corresponding to a
`Message Rate”......................................................215
`(ii) Defendants’ Proposed Constructions are
`Incorrect ...............................................................219
`“Message” (Claim 6) ................................................................221
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................221
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................222
`“Complete message” / “Fragment of a complete message”
`(Claim 6)...................................................................................223
`(a) Defendants’ Statement ...................................................223
`(b)
`Signal’s Statement..........................................................224
`IV. CONCLUSION .............................................................................................227
`A. Defendant’s Statement ........................................................................227
`B.
`Signal’s Statement...............................................................................227
`
`(i)
`
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`
`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
`
`Page(s)
`
`Cases
`Abdou v. Alphatec Spine, Inc.,
`No. 12–CV–1804 BEN (RBB), 2014 WL 6611422 (S.D. Cal. Nov.
`19, 2014)........................................................................................................passim
`
`Absolute Software, Inv. v. Stealth Signal, Inc.,
`659 F. 3d 1121 (Fed. Cir. 2011).....................................................................20, 41
`
`Acumed LLC v. Stryker Corp.,
`483 F.3d 800 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ................................................................................5
`
`Advanced Display Techs. of Texas, LLC v. AU Optronics Corp.,
`Nos. 6:11–CV–011, –391, 2012 WL 2872121 (E.D. Tex. July 12,
`2012)..............................................................................................................passim
`
`Allen Eng’g Corp. v. Bartell Indus., Inc.,
`299 F.3d 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2002)............................................................................17
`
`Amgen, Inc. v. Chugai Pharm. Co.,
`927 F.2d 1200 (Fed. Cir. 1991)............................................................................75
`
`Amgen Inc. v. Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc.,
`314 F.3d 1313 (Fed. Cir. 2003).....................................................................passim
`
`Apex, Inc. v. Raritan Computer, Inc.,
`325 F.3d 1364 (Fed. Cir. 2003)..........................................................113, 119, 124
`
`Apple Inc. v. Motorola, Inc.,
`110 U.S.P.Q.2D (BNA) 1965 (Fed. Cir. Apr., 25, 2014)..............................passim
`
`Aquatic AV, Inc. v. Magnadyne Corp.,
`No. C 14-01931 WHA, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 22925 (N.D. Cal.
`Feb. 25, 2015).....................................................................................147, 166, 207
`
`Aria Diagnostics, Inc. v. Sequenom, Inc.,
`726 F.3d 1296, 1300 (Fed. Cir. 2013)...............................................................106
`
`Aristocrat Techs. Austl. PTY Ltd. v. Int'l Game Tech.,
`709 F.3d 1348 (Fed. Cir. 2013)............................................................................18
`
`viii
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`
`
`
`Case 2:14-cv-03113-JAK-JEM Document 75 Filed 03/11/15 Page 10 of 249 Page ID
` #:4726
`
`Aspex Eyewear, Inc. v. Marchon Eyewear, Inc.,
`672 F.3d 1335 (Fed. Cir. 2012)............................................................................17
`
`Astrazeneca AB, Inc. v. Mutual Pharm. Co., Inc.,
`384 F.3d 1333 (Fed. Cir. 2004)............................................................................21
`
`August Tech. Corp. v. Camtek, Ltd.,
`655 F.3d 1278 (Fed. Cir. 2011)..............................................................................5
`
`Bell Atlantic Network Serv’s, Inc. v. Covad Comm’s Grp., Inc.,
`262 F.3d 1258 (Fed. Cir. 2001)............................................................................21
`
`Bickerstaff v. Dr. Shrink, Inc.,
`1999 U.S. App. LEXIS 21601 (Fed. Cir. 1999).......................................67, 69, 70
`
`Braintree Laboratories v. Novel Laboratories, Inc.,
`749 F.3d 1349 (Fed. Cir. 2014)......................................................................90, 91
`
`C.R. Bard, Inc. v. U.S. Surgical Corp.,
`388 F.3d 858 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ............................................................20, 56, 66, 70
`
`Cacace v. Meyer Mktg.,
`812 F. Supp. 2d 547 (S.D.N.Y. 2011)..............................................................8, 11
`
`Caluori v. One World Technologies, Inc.,
`No. CV 07-2035 CAS VBKX, 2010 WL 4794234 (C.D. Cal. Nov.
`12, 2010).......................................................................................................32, 167
`
`Cardio–Focus, Inc. v. Cardiogenesis Corp.,
`827 F.Supp.2d 36(D.Mass 2011)........................................................................154
`
`Catalina Mrkt. Inter’l v. Coolsavings.com, Inc.,
`289 F.3d 801 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ..............................................................................16
`
`Corelogic Info. Solutions, Inc. v. Fiserv, Inc.,
`2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 135386 (E.D. Tex. Sept. 21, 2012) ..............................119
`
`In re Cuozzo Speed Techs., LLC.,
`No. 2014-1301, Slip..............................................................................................57
`
`CVI/Beta Ventures, Inc. v. Tura LP,
`112 F.3d 1146 (Fed.Cir.1997) ............................................................................209
`
`D.M.I., Inc., v. Deere & Co.,
`755 F.2d 1570 (Fed. Cir. 1985)..........................................................................198
`ix
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`
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`Case 2:14-cv-03113-JAK-JEM Document 75 Filed 03/11/15 Page 11 of 249 Page ID
` #:4727
`
`Datamize, LLC v. Plumtree Software, Inc.,
`417 F.3d 1342 (Fed. Cir. 2005).....................................................................passim
`
`Datatreasury Corp. v. Ingenico S.A.,
`2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 31458 (E.D. Tex. Feb. 19, 2004)..................................119
`
`DDR Holdings, LLC v. Hotels.com, L.P.,
`773 F.3d 1245 (Fed. Cir. 2014).........................................................................154
`
`DDR Holdings, LLC v. Hotels.com, L.P.,
`773 F.3d 1245 (Fed. Cir. 2014)....................................................................49, 147
`
`Diodem, LLC v. Lumenis Inc.,
`2005 WL 5651051 (C.D. Cal. Aug. 17, 2004)...............................................75, 77
`
`Eibel Process Co. v. Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co.,
`261 U.S. 45, 43 S. Ct. 322, 67 L. Ed. 523, 1923 Dec. Comm'r Pat.
`623 (1923)...........................................................................................................148
`
`Enzo Biochem, Inc. v. Applera Corp.,
`599 F.3d 1325 (Fed.Cir.2010) ..............................................................83, 148, 154
`
`ePlus, Inc. v. Lawson Software, Inc.,
`700 F.3d 509, 517 (Fed. Cir. 2012)........................................................................4
`
`Every Penny Counts, Inc. v. Am. Express Co.,
`563 F.3d 1378, 1383 (Fed. Cir. 2009)....................................................................2
`
`Freeny v. Apple Inc.,
`No. 2:13-CV-00361-WCB, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 120446 (E.D.
`Tex. Aug. 28, 2014)....................................................................................148, 154
`
`Gart v. Logitech, Inc.
`254 F.3d 1334 (Fed. Cir. 2001)................................................................68, 69, 71
`
`GE Lighting Solutions, LLC v. AgiLight, Inc.,
`750 F.3d 1304 (Fed. Cir. 2014)......................................................................5, 143
`
`Gentry Gallery, Inc. v. Berkline Corp.,
`134 F.3d 1473 (Fed. Cir. 1998)............................................................................56
`
`Guzik Technical Enters., Inc. v. W. Digital Corp.,
`No. 11-CV-03786-PSG, 2013 WL 3934892 (N.D. Cal. July 19,
`2013), appeal dismissed (Aug. 27, 2013)...........................................................144
`
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` #:4728
`
`Halliburton Energy Servs., Inc. v. M-I LLC,
`514 F.3d 1244 (Fed. Cir. 2008).....................................................................passim
`
`In re Hammack,
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`Hand Held Prods. v. Amazon.com, Inc.,
`No. 12-768-RGA-MPT, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 85345 (D. Del. June
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`Honeywell Int’l, Inc. v. ITT Indus., Inc.,
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`Honeywell Int’l, Inc., v. United States,
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`Horus Vision, LLC v. Applied Ballistics, LLC,
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`
`xi
`Case No. 2:14-cv-02454-JAK (JEMx)
`JOINT OPENING CLAIM CONSTRUCTION BRIEF
`
`1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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`10
`11
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`14
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`12
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`Case 2:14-cv-03113-JAK-JEM Document 75 Filed 03/11/15 Page 13 of 249 Page ID
` #:4729
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`Microsoft Corp. v. i4i Ltd. P'ship,
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`Microsoft Corp. v. Multi-Tech Sys.,
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`Morton Intern., Inc. v. Cardinal Chemical Co.,
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`
`xii
`Case No. 2:14-cv-02454-JAK (JEMx)
`JOINT OPENING CLAIM CONSTRUCTION BRIEF
`
`1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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`10
`11
`12
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`Praxair v.