Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC, Petitioner - Ex. 1003
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`Page 1 of 22
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`[Scope of the Patent Claims]
`[Claim 1]
`An LCD backlight device provided with a flat, plate-shaped, light-guiding light conductor,
`a front surface of which constitutes a light-emitting surface, a flat, plate-shaped reflector
`disposed behind the light conductor, and a light source that is disposed on at least on side
`of the light conductor and is constituted by a row of multiple lamp units in which two light-
`emitting elements are connected in series.
`[Claim 2]
`The LCD backlight device according to claim 1, wherein each of the lamp units is provided
`with a lamp case, the lamp case comprising a light-reflecting rear plate disposed to a rear
`side of the light-emitting elements, a light-reflecting upper plate extending from an upper
`part of the rear plate, a light-reflecting lower plate that extends forward from a lower part
`of the rear plate and is shorter than the upper plate, and light-reflecting side plates that
`extend forward at the side ends of the rear plate, upper plate, and lower plate to a distal end
`of the upper plate and a distal end of the lower plate.
`[Claim 3]
`The LCD backlight device according to claim 2, wherein the lamp case comprises a
`shielding plate for preventing interference between the light from the two light-emitting
`elements.
`
`[Claim 4]
`The LCD backlight device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the lamp unit comprises a
`pair of lead wires projecting from the lamp case, ends of the lead wires opposite the side
`from which the lead wires project having different widths at an anode and a cathode, the
`ends of the lead wires of different widths emerging from the lamp case.
`[Claim 5]
`An LCD backlight device provided with a flat, plate-shaped, light-guiding light conductor,
`a front surface of which constitutes a light-emitting surface, a flat, plate-shaped reflector
`disposed behind the light conductor, light sources that are disposed on both sides of the
`light conductor and are constituted by a row of multiple lamps units in which two light-
`emitting elements are connected in series, and lamp holders that hold together both sides of
`the light conductor and the reflector at which the light sources are disposed and comprise
`mounting holes into which lead wires of the lamp units are inserted, the reflector
`comprising through-holes, corresponding to the mounting holes of the lamp holders, into
`which the lead wires of the lamp units are inserted.
`[Claim 6]
`A LCD backlight device provided with a flat, plate-shaped, light-guiding light conductor, a
`front surface of which constitutes a light-emitting surface, light sources that are disposed
`on both sides of the light conductor and constituted by a row of multiple lamp units in
`which two light-emitting elements are connected in series, and a reflector that contains and
`holds the light conductor and the light sources and comprises mounting holes into which
`lead wires of the lamp units are inserted, at least a light conductor-facing surface of the
`reflector being a light-reflecting surface.
`[Detailed Description of the Invention]
`[0001]
`[Field of the Invention]
`The present invention relates to a backlight device for a liquid crystal display (LCD)
`requiring an illumination light source, and more specifically to an edge-lit LCD backlight
`device in which light from a light source is guided in a lateral direction (parallel direction)
`with respect to a light-emitting surface.
`[0002]
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`[Prior Art]
`LCD backlight devices are widely used as illumination light sources built into various
`electronic devices, such as calculators, digital watches, personal computers, and word
`processors. One type of backlight device is an edge-lit device provided with a light source
`constituted by a plurality of light-emitting elements (such as light—emitting diodes (LEDs))
`arranged in a row, and a light conductor (light guide panel) provided on the light-radiating
`side of the light source.
`[0003]
`In edge-lit backlighting devices, the front surface of the light conductor is generally a light-
`emitting surface, and the other surfaces (rear and sides) are reflective surfaces. In backlight
`devices of this sort, light from the light source is dispersed by the light conductor, and
`ultimately released from the light-emitting surface. For the sake of more efficient light
`diffusion, a diffuser layer (scatterer) may be provided to the inside of the light-emitting
`surface, or a translucent diffuser sheet may be applied to the outside of the light-emitting
`surface.
`
`[0004]
`[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]
`However, in the conventional backlight devices described above, the brightness of the light
`from the LEDs is related to distance; to wit, the light is brighter the nearer the light source
`is, and fainter the more distant the light source is. In order to solve this problem, devices
`modified so as to yield uniform illumination by, for example, disposing a reflector behind
`the light conductor so as to diffuse light are available, but the difference in brightness
`between the central and peripheral sections of the light-emitting surface of the light
`conductor (i.e., the drawback that light is fainter towards the periphery) remains unsolved.
`[0005]
`One strategy for obtaining uniform illumination is to increase intensity ofillurnination by
`increasing the number of LEDs or increasing the voltage applied to the LEDs; however,
`this not only increases the amount of heat generated by the light source, but also hastens the
`degradation of the light source. Strategies of providing a divider plate or the like on the
`light conductor or reflector in order to yield uniform vivid illumination have also been
`tried, but all of these lead to complicated structures and a marked reduction in light
`transmission.
`
`[0006]
`Moreover, the thickness ofa conventional backlight device 5 2.5 to 6.0 mm, and it is
`difficult to lower the thickness to 2 mm or less. The present invention was therefore
`conceived in view of the various problems described above, and has an object of providing
`an LCD backlight device that allows for a light—emitting surface free of brightness
`irregularities, a stable supply of light, prevention of degradation in properties, a slimmer
`profile, and modular design.
`[000?]
`[Means for Solving the Problem]
`In order to achieve the object proposed above, an LCD backlight device according to a first
`claim of the present invention is provided with a flat, plate -shapcd, light-guiding light
`conductor, a front surface of which constitutes a light-emitting surface, a flat, plate-shaped
`reflector disposed behind the light conductor, and a light source that is disposed on at least
`on side of the light conductor and is constituted by a row of multiple lamp units in which
`two light-emitting elements are connected in series.
`[0008]
`In a device according to a second claim, each of the lamp units is provided with a lamp
`case, the lamp case comprising a light-reflecting rear plate disposed to a rear side of the
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`light-emitting elements, a light-reflecting upper plate extending from an upper part of the
`rear plate, a light-reflecting lowcr plate that extends forward from a lower part of the rear
`plate and is shorter than the upper plate, and light-reflecting side plates that extend forward
`at the side ends of the rear plate, upper plate, and lower plate to a distal end of the upper
`plate and a distal end of the lower plate.
`[0009]
`In a device according to a third claim, the lamp case comprises a shielding plate for
`preventing interference between the light from the two light-emitting elements. In a device
`according to a fourth claim, the lamp unit comprises a pair of lead wires projecting from
`the lamp case, ends of the lead wires opposite the side from which the lead wires project
`having different widths at an anode and a cathode, the ends of the lead wires of different
`widths emerging from the lamp case.
`[0010]
`A device according to a fifth claim is provided with a flat, plate-shaped, light-guiding light
`conductor, a front surface of which constitutes a light-emitting surface, a flat, plate-shaped
`reflector disposed behind the light conductor, light sources that are disposed on both sides
`of the light conductor and are constituted by a row of multiple lamps units in which two
`light-emitting elements are connected in series, and lamp holders that hold together both
`sides of the light conductor and the reflector at which the light sources are disposed and
`comprise mounting holes into which lead wires of the lamp units are inserted, the reflector
`comprising through-holes, corresponding to the mounting holes of the lamp holders, into
`which the lead wires of the lamp units are inserted.
`[0011]
`A device according to a sixth claim is provided with a flat, plate-shaped, light-guiding light
`conductor, a front surface of which constitutes a light-emitting surface, light sources that
`are disposed on both sides of the light conductor and constituted by a row of multiple lamp
`units in which two light-emitting elements are connected in series, and a reflector that
`contains and holds the light conductor and the light sources and comprises mounting holes
`into which lead wires of the lamp units are inserted, at least a light conductor-facing surface
`of the reflector being a light—reflecting surface.
`[0012]
`[Operation]
`In the device according to the first claim, light is radiated from the lamp units making up
`the light source disposed on at least one side toward the light conductor; because each lamp
`unit is constituted by two light-emitting elements connected in series, the internal resistance
`of the light-emitting elements when electrified provides a more stable current than when
`light is emitted using only one light-emitting element in isolation, resulting in more stable
`light being obtained from the light-emitting elements.
`[0013]
`In the device as in the second claim, light radiating from the light-emitting elements toward
`the light conductor is divided by the light-reflecting rear plate, upper plate, lower plate, and
`side plates of the lamp case into light progressing forward the lamp unit and light
`progressing obliquely downward and foiward from the lamp unit, allowing the path of the
`light to be optimized for use as an edge-lit light source. In the device as in the third claim,
`interference between the light leaving the two light-emitting elements when light is being
`emitted is eliminated by the shielding plate, preventing light and dark patches caused by
`light interference.
`[0014]
`In the device as in the fourth claim, the ends of lead wires of different widths emerge from
`the lamp case; thus, designating one ofthe thin wire and the thick wire as an anode or a
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`Page 4 of 22
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`cathode allows for easy confirmation of the polarity of the lamp unit from outside the lamp
`case even after the lead wires are cut from the lead frame during the process of
`manufacturing the lamp unit.
`[0015]
`In the device as in the fifth claim, light sources are provided at both sides, and the lamp
`holders are fitted to both sides of the light conductor and the reflector, with the result that
`the light conductor and the reflector are held together by the lamp holders. In addition,
`when the light conductor and the reflector are held together by the lamp holders, the
`through-holes formed in the reflector and the mounting holes formed in the lamp holders
`align; thus, not only can be the lamp units can be easily mounted to the lamp holders by
`inserting the lead wires of the lamp unit into the mounting holes, but the lead wires
`protruding from the through-holes can also be simply connected to a driver board.
`[0016]
`In the device as in the sixth claim, the reflector contains and holds the light conductor and
`the light sources, and comprises mounting holes into which the lead wires of the lamp unit
`are inserted, with the result that the light conductor and the light sources are contained as
`one piece in the reflector. In addition, at least a light conductor-facing surface of the
`reflector is a light-reflecting surface, with the result that the reflector possesses not only its
`primary function as a light-reflecting plate, but also a function of containing the light
`conductor and the light sources. Naturally, the lamp units can be easily mounted to the
`reflector by inserting the lead wires of the lamp units into the mounting holes in the
`reflector. Moreover, it is possible, in this instance, for the backlight device to be made even
`slimmer.
`
`[0011’]
`[Examples]
`An example of an LCD backlight device according to the present invention will now be
`described. FIG.
`1 is an exploded perspective view of a backlight device according to one
`example that is incorporated, for example, into an LCD as an LCD illumination light
`source, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts thereof. In this example, an
`LCD backlight device 1 is mounted on an LCD control driver board 2 of a suitable size, an
`LCD 3 is placed upon the backlight device I, and the LCD 3 is electrically connected to the
`board 2 by rubber joint connectors 4. The backlight device 1 and the LCD 3 are held
`together as a single piece by an LCD anchoring bracket 5 mounted to the board 2. The LCD
`3 has an ordinary construction in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between two
`polarizing plates; detailed description thereof will be omitted as not relevant to the present
`invention.
`
`[0018]
`In the backlight device I, a reflector 40 is disposed behind a light conductor 30, a front
`surface of which is a light-emitting surface, lamp holders 50, 5] are fitted to both sides of
`the light conductor 30 and the reflector 40, and light sources (see FIG. 6) constituted by a
`plurality (in this example, six) lamp units L are mounted to the lamp holders 50, 51.
`[0019]
`FIG. 3 is a perspective View ofa lamp unit L, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional View of the
`main parts thereof. The lamp unit L comprises two light-emitting elements (such as LED
`elements) 20, 21 provided within a lamp case 10 shaped as shown in the drawing, with a
`pair of lead wires 22, 23 projecting downward from the lamp ease IO. The LED elements
`20, 2] are sealed by resin molding 25 (see FIG. 4).
`[0020]
`The lamp case 10 comprises a light-reflecting rear plate 1 l positioned behind the LED
`elements 20, 21, a light-reflecting upper plate 12 that extends from an upper part of the rear
`
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`plate 11 in the direction in which light is emitted from the LED elements 20, 21 (Le,
`forward), a light-reflecting lower plate 13 that extends forward from a lower part of the rear
`plate 1 1 and is shorter than the upper plate 12, and light-reflecting side plates 14, 15 that
`extend forward from the rear plate 1 1 toward a distal end of the upper plate 12 and a distal
`end of the lower plate 13 at both side ends of the rear plate 11, the upper plate 12, and the
`lower plate 13. As is apparent from FIG. 3, the upper plate 12 is longer than the lower plate
`l3; thus, the side plates 14, 15 are trapezoidal in shape.
`[0021]
`In this lamp case 10, a shielding plate 16 is provided in the center of the rear plate 11; this
`shielding plate 16 serves to prevent interference between the light from the LED elements
`20, 21, and the provision of the shielding plate 16 allows for the prevention oflight and
`dark patches caused by light interference. Ends 22a, 23a of different widths of the pair of
`lead wires 22, 23 emerge from the lamp case 10. This arrangement is produced using a lead
`frame 80 in which the lead wires 22, 23 are connected to tie bars 70, 21, as shown, for
`example, in FIG. 5. Specifically, the width tl ofthe end 22a of the lead wire 22 is greater
`than the width t2 of the end 23a of the lead wire 23 (t1 > t;), holes of sizes such that the
`ends 22a, 23a of the lead wires 22, 23 can fit therein are formed in advance at
`corresponding locations on the upper plate 12, and the ends 22a, 23a of the lead wires 22,
`23 may be inserted into the holes in the upper plate 12 when incorporating the lead wires
`22, 23, to which the LED elements 20, 21 are attached at LED element attachment
`positions 72, 23, into the lamp case 10.
`[0022]
`As a result, it can be easily determined by viewing the outside of the lamp case 10 (i.e., the
`upper plate 12) which of the lead wires 22, 23 is the anode and which is the cathode, even
`after the lead wires are cut from the lead frame 80. In this example, the lead wire 23 having
`the thinner end 23a is the anode, and the lead wire 22 having the wider end 22a is the
`cathode. As is apparent from the shapes of the lead wires 22, 23 in FIG. 5, attached LED
`elements to the LED element attachment positions 2'2, 73 yields two LED elements
`connected in series. This arrangement takes advantage of the property that connecting two
`LED elements in series yields a more stable current than when light is emitted using a
`single LED element in isolation due to the internal resistance of the LED elements when
`electrified. As a result, more stable light can be obtained from the LED elements, that is,
`the lamp unit L.
`[0023]
`Because the lamp case 10 ofthis lamp unit L is constituted by a light-reflecting rear plate
`11, upper plate 12, lower plate 13, and side plates 14, 15, light exiting the LED elements
`20, 21 in FIG. 4 is divided into light progressing forward and light progressing obliquely
`downward and forward. That is, the path of the light is controlled in two directions by the
`light-reflecting plates 1 l—"l 5.
`[0024]
`In the present example, six lamp units L having the structure described above are combined
`to form a single light source, and light sources of this sort are disposed on both sides of the
`light conductor and the reflector using the lamp holders. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7’ are partially
`exploded perspective views of a light source and lamp holders. The lamp holders 50, 51 are
`fitted to both sides of the light conductor 30 and the reflector 40, the light conductor 30 and
`the reflector 40 being enveloped and held on both sides by the lamp holders 50, 51 and
`unreleasably held together as a single piece. Six lamp units L are mounted to each of the
`lamp holders 50, 51, the lamp units L being mounted at constant right angles to the light
`conductor 30.
`
`[0025]
`
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`The lamp holders 50, 51 comprise mounting holes 52 into which the pair of lead wires of
`each of the lamp units L is inserted, and the lamp units L can easily be positioned with
`respect to the lamp holders by inserting the pairs of lead wires of the mounting holes 52.
`Elongated slit-shaped through-holes 41 are formed at both ends of the reflector 40
`(although only one is shown in the drawing), the through-holes 41 serving to facilitate
`connection of the lead wires 22, 23 of the lamp units L to the driver board 2 and
`corresponding to the mounting holes 52 in the lamp holders, with the result that the
`mounting holes 52 in the lamp holders and the through-holes 41 in the reflector 40 align
`when the light conductor 30 and the reflector 40 are being held by the lamp holders 50, 51.
`[0026]
`Using lamp holders 50, SI of this sort makes it easier to hold the light conductor 30 and the
`reflector 40, position the lamp units L with respect to the light conductor 30, and connect
`the lamp units L and the driver board 2, with the result that the backlight device can be
`more easily assembled. In the present example, a plurality of recessed light paths 31
`extending in a direction traversing the area between the light sources on both sides are
`formed on a rear surface of the light conductor 30 (i.e., the side opposite the light-emitting
`surface), as shown in FIG. 7". In the present example, the recessed light paths 31 have
`triangular cross sections (see FIG. 9), and the recessed light paths 31 impart the light
`conductor 30 with a corrugated shape. Gaps are thus formed between the recessed light
`paths 31 and the reflector 40, these gaps substantially constituting light paths that stably
`transmit the light from the lamp units L to greater distances.
`[0027]
`In addition, the front surface of the light conductor 30 constitutes a light diffuser layer
`(scatterer) 32 that increases light diffusing effects, ultimately improving the homogeneity
`of the light emitted by the backlight device. Next, the operation of the backlight device I
`configured as described above will be discussed with reference to FIG. 8 (a cross-sectional
`view in a direction traversing the area between the light sources) and FIG. 9 (a cross-
`sectional view in a direction parallel to the light sources). Light emitted from the lamp units
`L on both sides is divided by the light-reflecting plates 11—15 of the lamp case 10 into light
`progressing forward and light progressing obliquely downward and forward, as discussed
`above; light progressing into the light conductor 30 is scattered in all directions as it
`progresses inward. Light progressing into the light paths 31 on the rear side of the light
`conductor 30 is split and diffused by the corrugated light paths 31 and diffusely reflected
`by the reflector 40, scattering the light. Naturally, light passing through the light conductor
`30 to the reflector 40 is reflected by the reflector 40. Direct light and scattered and reflected
`light progressing toward the light-emitting surface of the light conductor 30 is ultimately
`scattered and emitted by the scatterer 32 when passing through the light-emitting surface.
`[0028]
`In this way, some of the light from the lamp units L reaches all parts of the entire effective
`light-emitting surface thanks to the recessed light paths 3]. In addition, the reflective
`effects of the reflector 40 and the diffusive effects of the scatterer 32 combine to yield high-
`brightness, even, uniform light emission, providing a superior illumination light source. As
`a result of this as well as the structure of the lamp units, light is uniformly shone upon the
`entirety of the LCD 3, eliminating undesirable partial light and dark patches on the LCD 3.
`[0029]
`Another examples of backlight devices is shown in FIG. 10 (a cross-sectional View ofthc
`main parts of an LCD into which a backlight device has been incorporated), FIG.
`I
`l (a
`partially exploded perspective view), and FIG. 12 (a partially exploded perspective view).
`Parts identical to those of the example described above are labeled identically. This
`example is characterized by a reflector 60, which contains and holds the light conductor 30
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`and the lamp units L, a surface thereof facing the light conductor 30 constituting a light-
`refleeting surface 61.
`[0030]
`Specifically, the light conductor 30 is fitted into and held by the reflector 60, and the lamp
`units L are disposed on both sides of the light conductor 30. The lead wires of the lamp
`units L are insened into mounting holes 62 formed on both sides of the reflector 60, and
`soldered to the driver board 2. In this example, the reflector 60 has not only a light-
`reflecting function, but also a function of containing the light conductor 30 and the lamp
`units L, allowing for a reduced number of parts compared to the example described above
`while yielding comparable light-reflecting effects.
`[003 I]
`[Effect of the Invention]
`By virtue of the features described above, the LCD backlight device yields the following
`effects.
`
`(1) The lamp units making up the light source are each constituted by two light-emitting
`elements connected in series (device according to claim 1), thereby providing a more stable
`current than when a single light-emitting element is used in isolation thanks to the internal
`resistance of the light-emitting elements when electrified, not only yielding more stable
`light from the lamp units, but also reducing degradation in the properties of the light-
`emitting elements.
`(2) The lamp case is constituted by a light-reflecting rear plate, upper plate, lower plate,
`and side plates, the upper plate extending farther felward than the lower plate (device
`according to claim 2), thereby splitting light from the lamp unit into light progressing
`forward and light progressing obliquely downward and forward, allowing the path of the
`light to optimized for an edge-lit light source.
`(3) The lamp case is provided with a shielding plate for preventing interference between
`light from the two light-emitting elements (device according to claim 3), thereby
`eliminating interference between light from the two light-emitting elements when light is
`being emitting, and allowing for the prevention of interference-induced light and dark
`patches.
`(4) Ends of different widths of the pair of lead wires of the lamp unit emerge from the lamp
`case (device according to claim 4), allowing for easy confirmation of the polarity of the
`lamp unit from outside the lamp case even after the lead wires have been cut from the lead
`frame during the manufacturing process.
`(5) Lamp holders that hold the light conductor and the reflector from both sides and
`comprise mounting holes into which the lead wires of the lamp units can be inserted are
`used (device according to claim 5), thereby making it easier to position the lamp units with
`respect to the light conductor, mount the lamp units to the lamp holder, and hold the light
`conductor and the reflector, and, by extension, to assemble the backlight device.
`(6) The reflector has both a light-reflecting function and a function of containing and
`holding the light conductor and the lamp unit (device according to claim 6), thereby
`reducing the number of parts, and allowing the backlight device to be made even slimmer.
`(7) The front surface of the light conductor is a light-diffusing layer, and recessed light
`paths are formed in the rear surface thereof, thereby allowing light from the lamp unit to be
`distributed to all parts of the entire effective light-emitting surface by the light paths. In
`addition, the reflective effects of the reflector and the diffusive effects of the light-diffusing
`layer combine to efficiently scatter and emit light, eliminating differences between the
`central and peripheral sections of the light-emitting surface, and yielding an illumination
`light source offering high-brightness, even, uniform light emission.
`
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`(8) The adoption of a structure provided with lamp units constituted by two light-emitting
`elements, and lamp holders, to which a plurality of lamp units is mounted, for holding the
`light conductor and the reflector, or a reflector that both reflects light and contains and
`holds the light conductor and the lamp unit not only allows for a slimmer profile of 1.0 to
`3.0 mm, but also a modular design, enabling speedy customization.
`[Brief Description of the Drawings]
`FIG.
`I is an exploded perspective view of an LCD into which a backlight device according
`to one example of the present invention is incorporated as an illumination light source.
`FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts ofthe LCD shown in FIG. I.
`FIG. 3 is an external perspective View of a lamp unit forming part of a light source for a
`backlight device.
`FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the lamp unit shown in FIG. 3.
`FIG. 5 is a plan view ofa pair of lead wires ofthe lamp unit shown in FIG. 3 in a state
`during a process of manufacturing the lamp unit.
`FIG. 6 is a partially exploded perspective view showing the relative positions of the lamp
`unit shown in FIG. 3, a light conductor, and reflector.
`FIG. '3" is a partially exploded perspective view of lamp holders that are fitted to both sides
`of a light conductor and a reflector.
`FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional View of main parts (cross-sectional view in a direction traversing
`the area between light sources) for illustrating the operation of a backlight device.
`FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of main parts (cross-sectional view in a direction parallel
`light sources) for illustrating the operation of a backlight device.
`FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of an LCD into which a backlight device
`according to another example of the present invention is incorporated as an illumination
`light source.
`FIG.
`I 1 is a partially exploded perspective View showing the relative positions of the lamp
`unit shown in FIG. 3, a light conductor, and reflector.
`FIG. 12 is a partially exploded perspective view of a reflector and a light conductor that is
`fitted into and contained by the reflector.
`[Key]
`l
`3
`
`LC D backlight device
`LCD
`
`Lamp ease
`10
`I l—l 5 Light-reflecting plate (rear plate, upper plate, lower plate, side plate)
`I6
`Shielding plate
`20, 21 LED (light-emitting element)
`22, 23 Lead wire
`30
`Light conductor
`40, 60 Reflector
`50, SI Lamp holder
`L
`Lamp unit
`
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`[FIG 1]
`
`[FIG. 2]
`
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`[FIG 3]
`
`[Fig- 5]
`
`[Fig- 6]
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`[Fig- 9]
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`[Fig 12]
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`PARK
`
`1" TRANSLATIONS
`
`— web-calling —
`
`October 8, 2014
`
`Certification
`
`Park IP Translations
`
`This is to certify that the attached translation is, to the best of my knowledge and
`belief, a true and accurate translation from
`Japanese into English of:
`JPHO764078A (7098391 92_i ]_English.
`
`JMEA
`
`Sarah Dunham
`
`Project Manager
`
`Project Number: MABFLI 4i O_029
`
`15 W. 37th Street 8th Floor
`New York. NY 10018
`212.581.8870
`ParklP.com
`
`Page 14 of 22
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`

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