ay ad Cachig: igh Seed Daa F wadig f  ew k
`
` e ediaie
`
` e Y c ad e(cid:11) Chae
`
`Dea e f C  e Sciece
`D ke Uiveiy
`fgachaeg@c.d ke.ed
`
`Abac
`
`age cae ew k evice  ch a daa deivey
` fe ic  ae ew f ci  by ie ig i
`e ediaie  he ew k. Exa e f f wad
`ig ie ediaie ic de (cid:12)ewa c e  e
`  c c vee cachig  xie ad ica
`eve. Wih he ve  wad ew k  age
`eve aic Web eve ac a ie ediaie  f 
`wad daa f  age  cie.
`
`i e eai 
`Thi ae ee he deig
`ad ea ed ef  ace f ay ad cachig a
`echi e f  i  vig ef  ace f h  baed
`ie ediaie.   a ach exed he f c
`i  f he ew k adae  cache  i  f
`he ic ig acke ea  eabig he ye
` f wad daa diecy f he cache. We 
` yed ay ad cachig i a  ga abe high
`eed ew k adae ad a FeeBSD kee. Ex
`ei e wih TC/  aÆc (cid:13) w h w ha ay
` ad cachig ca i  ve f wadig ef  ace
`by   60 i eaiic ceai .
`
`1  d ci 
`
`Daa f wadig i iceaigy c  i age
`cae ew k evice. A ew k ik eed ad
`vace ew k ae iceaigy ed  ead he
`f ci  f age eve ac  c eci  f e
`w ked ye   hig f ci   ch a  
`age i back ed ew k.  e ve ye 
`f  wide aea daa deivey iceaigy ic  ae
`ew f ci  |  ch a e e  ig cachig
`ad (cid:12)eig | by \ackig" ie ediaie i a
`ieie fahi .
`
`F  exa e a yica Web d c e ay a
`
` A h   adde: Dea e f C  e Sciece
`D ke Uiveiy D ha  C 27708 0129 USA. Thi w k i
`  ed by he ai a Sciece F dai  h gh E A
`9870724 ad E A 9972879 e C  ai  ad yic .
`
`h gh a eie f f wadig e a g he ah
`f i h e  a (cid:12)e eve   e cie a
`ig h gh a Web eve ad e  e  xy
`cache. he exa e f f wadig ie edi
`aie ic de (cid:12)ewa c e  e   c c 
`vee [10] ew k adde aa  AT ad
`\ veca" ica  de [13]. ew f wadig i
`e ediaie ae i d ced i he ew k  age
`d ai [14 2] Web evice [12] ad he e
`w ked daa deivey.
`
`Thi ae iveigae a echi e caed ay ad
`cachig  i  ve daa f wadig ef  ace 
`ie ediaie.
`  hi ae we de(cid:12)e f wad
`ig a he i e daig f acke heade ad
` i a ieci  f daa a i (cid:13) w h gh a
`ie ediay.  e ha daa f wadig i e
`geea ha acke f wadig. Whie i ec
`ae h  baed  e i a exed  a wide
`age f hee ie ediay evice.
`
`ay ad cachig i   ed i aiy by a e
`haced ew k ieface c  e  C ad i
`dive wih de addii a kee    i he
`ew k b (cid:11)eig ad vi a e y ye . The
`a ach i f  he  C  cache  i  f he i
`c ig acke ea   i  ay he acke
`daa ay ad a  ed  heade  be f 
`waded. The h  ad he  C c diae e f
`he  C  ay ad cache  ed ce daa afe
`ac  he / b . The bee(cid:12) ay be  Æcie
` a w h  baed ie ediaie whee c  a
`chiec e wee evi y e ied. Seci  2 ex
`ai i deai he a i  ad c ex f  ay
` ad cachig.
`
`Thi ae ake he f wig c ib i :
`
`(cid:15)  ex e he a i  deyig ay ad
`cachig ad he c dii  de which i de
`ive bee(cid:12). aiaive e  i ae
`he baic  eie f a ay ad cache.
`
`Oracle Ex. 1019, pg. 1
`
`

`
`(cid:15)  ee a achiec e ad   ye i
`e eai  f  ay ad cachig i a 
`ga abe high eed ew k ieface wih
`exei   a ze c y ew kig fa e
`w k [5] i a FeeBSD Uix kee. Thi de
`ig h w h w he h  ca aage he  C 
`ay ad cache f  axi (cid:13)exibiiy.
`
`(cid:15)  ee exei ea e  f he 
` ye h wig f wadig ef  ace de
`ay ad cachig f  a age f TC/  e
`w kig aÆc. The TC c gei  c 
`che e ada  deive eak badwidh f
`ay ad cachig ie ediaie.
`
`(cid:15)  ie ad eva ae a exei   ay
` ad cachig caed diec f wadig ha i
` ve f wadig ef  ace f he whe
`ie ediaie acce y he   c heade.
`
`Thi ae i gaized a f w. Seci  2 give
`a veview f ay ad cachig ad i a i .
`Seci  3 ie ieface ad exei  f  ay
` ad cachig a he b day bewee a h  ad
`i  C. Seci  4 decibe  ay ad cachig
`  ye ig yie ad FeeBSD. Seci  5
`exa ie he behavi  ad ef  ace f ay ad
`cachig. Seci  6 decibe eaed w k ad 
`ie f  e eeach. Seci  7 c c de.
`
`host
`
`main memory
`
`PCI bus
`
`NIC
`
`Fig e 1: F wadig a daa ay ad wih ay ad
`cachig.
`
`2 veview
`
`The ay ad cachig echi e i ize ew k
`c icai  f  f wadig ie ediaie. ay
` ad cachig age a yica h  baed  c e
`i which he f wadig gic    a CU wh e
` e y i eaaed f he ew k ieface.
`
`The  C ve daa  ad f h  e y ig
`Diec e y Acce DA ac  a / b 
` ch a C .
`
`A f wadig ie ediay eceive a ea f
`acke f he ew k. Each acke DA
`ac  he / b  i e  e b (cid:11)e i h 
` e y. The ew k   c ack iec he
`heade ad deive he daa  a aicai  c 
`aiig he ie ediay gic  ch a a (cid:12)ewa 
`cachig  xy. The aicai  ay exa ie  e
` f he daa ad i ay f wad  e  a f he
`daa he ay ad  a he deiai  wih 
` difyig i.
`
`Fig e 1 h w he  eia bee(cid:12) f ay ad
`cachig i hi ceai . diaiy f waded daa
`ay ad c  he / b  wice ce  i 
`ad ce   . ay ad cachig eave ic
`ig ay ad i ace i  C b (cid:11)e afe deiveig
`he  he h . f he h  f wad he daa 
`chaged ad if he f waded daa i i cached 
`he  C he he   afe ac  he b  i
` eceay. Thi ed ce he badwidh de ad
` f f wadig  he / b  ad e y ye 
`feeig hee e ce f  he /  e y
`ieive CU aciviy. ay ad cachig ca be e
`eciay e(cid:11)ecive f  ie ediaie ha d / 
` he device  ch a dik baed Web  xy cache.
`
`ay ad cachig i  e ie    i e c 
`b  i yied a igi(cid:12)ca bee(cid:12) de he f wig
`c dii .
`
`(cid:15) The ie ediay f wad a age hae f
`i ic ig daa wih  difyig i. Thi
`i fe he cae f  ie ediaie f  Web
`deivey
`ic dig cachig  xie (cid:12)ewa
`c e  e ica veay  de ad
`Web eve backed by ew k  age. ay
` ad cachig a a ay i ize ica
`a i  ch a i ed wie  a e
`w k  age eve   a ew k e y
`cache [9].
`
`(cid:15) The ay ad cache  he  C i age e gh
` eai ic ig ay ad i he cache 
`i he h  ca  ce ad f wad he .
`  acice he a  f b (cid:11)eig e ied
`deed  he ic ig aÆc ae aÆc
`b ie ad he CU c    ce f 
`waded daa. e c ib i  f hi w k i
` e iicay dee ie he hi ae f  va
`i  ay ad cache ize f  TC/  ea .
`Seci  5.3 ee exei ea e  ha
`h w g d hi ae a f wadig eed  
`
`Oracle Ex. 1019, pg. 2
`
`

`
`1 Gb/ ad ay ad cache ize   1.4 B.
`
`(cid:15) F waded daa exi he ie ediay by he
`a e ew k adae ha i aived . Thi
`a w he adae  bai he a ied
`daa f i ay ad cache iead f f
`he ie ediay  e y.  e ha hi
`d e   e ie ha he   ik i he
`a e a he i  ik ice ay ece e
`w kig  d c eve ie ik f he
`a e adae f  ed dacy  highe agge
`gae badwidh. ay ad cachig  vide
`a f he ivai  f  i  ed ew k
`adae.
`
`(cid:15) The  C    he ay ad cache b (cid:11)e
`ig  icie ad h  ieface ied i Sec
`i  3.     ye e a  ga abe
`yie  C b  he che e geeaize ea
`iy  a f age f device ic dig Ehee
`ad V  C wih  Æcie e y.
`
`Whie he ay ad cachig idea i i e ad i
`iive i i d ce a  be f i e f  i deig
`i e eai  ad ef  ace. w age 
`a ay ad cache be bef e i i e(cid:11)ecive? Wha i
`he divii  f f ci  bewee he h  ad he
` C f  aagig a ay ad cache? w d e ay
` ad cachig a(cid:11)ec he aec f he ew kig
` bye ? w d e ay ad cachig behave 
`de he ew kig   c  ad ceai  ed i
`acice? The e f hi ae addee hee
` ei .
`
`3 Deig f ay ad Cachig
`
`Thi eci  ie he ieface bewee he h 
`ad he  C f  ay ad cachig ad i  e i he
`(cid:13) w f daa h gh he ew kig  bye .
`
`The ay ad cache idexe a e f b (cid:11)e eid
`ig i  C e y. The  C e hee e y
`b (cid:11)e  age daa afe bewee h  e y
`ad he ew k ik. F  exa e he  C ha
`de a ic ig acke by eadig i f he e
`w k ik i a iea b (cid:11)e he ig DA
` a i he acke  a b (cid:11)e i h  e y.
`A  C have  Æcie iea b (cid:11)e e y 
`age afe; ay ad cachig e ie ha he
` C c ai  Æcie b (cid:11)e e y  a eve
`a a cache. F  i iciy hi eci    e ha
`each acke i cached i i eiey i a ige h 
`b (cid:11)e ad a ige  C b (cid:11)e ad ha he ay ad
`cache i f y e(cid:11)ecive eve if he h  f wad y
` i  f each acke  di(cid:12)ed. Seci  4 (cid:12)
`
`i i  a deai f h  ad  C b (cid:11)eig ef
` eci(cid:12)ed i hi eci .
`
`The h  ad  C c diae e f he ay ad
`cache ad c eae  aage a ciai  be
`wee ay ad cache eie ad h  b (cid:11)e. A key
`g a f  deig i  a w he h  | ahe ha
`he  C |  eÆciey aage he ace e ad
`evici  i he  C  ay ad cache. Thi i i(cid:12)e
`he  C ad a w (cid:13)exibiiy i cachig  icy f 
`he h .
`
`Fig e 2 deic he (cid:13) w f b (cid:11)e ae ad c 
`h gh he h   ew kig  bye . Fig e 3
`give he c e dig ae aii  f  he ay
` ad cache. The e f hi eci  efe  hee
`w (cid:12)g e  exai ieaci  bewee he h 
`ad he  C f  ay ad cachig.
`
`The dak h iz a ba a he   f Fig e 2 ee
`e he b day bewee he  C ad he h .
`We ae c ceed wih f  baic eai  ha
`c  hi b day i a yica h / C ieface.
`The h  iiiae a i ad   eceive ea
`i   ed  eceive acke. F  exa e he
`h  ew k dive   a eceive by aedig a
` eai  deci   a  C eceive  e e eci
`fyig a h  b (cid:11)e  eceive he daa; he  C de
`ive a ic ig acke heade ad ay ad by ii
`iaig a DA eai  f  C e y  he
`h  b (cid:11)e.
`  geea hee ae ay ad
`ig eceive a ay give i e a he h  dive
`ae    vide he  C wih a ade ae  
`y f h  b (cid:11)e  eceive he ic ig acke
`ea . Whe a a i  eceive eai  c
`ee he  C iga eceive ad a i c
`ee eve  he h   if  i ha he  C
`i (cid:12)ihed (cid:12)ig  daiig b (cid:11)e f  ic ig 
` g ig acke.
`
`ay ad cachig exed hee baic ieaci  
`eabe he h   a e  C b (cid:11)e i i c
` ad  he  C. Thi a w he h   diecy
`c  he ay ad cache ad  ack  C b (cid:11)e
`ha have vaid cached i age f h  b (cid:11)e. T
`av id c f i  bewee h  e y b (cid:11)e ad
`iea  C b (cid:11)e we efe   C b (cid:11)e a ay
` ad cache eie. F  he e aide f hi ae
`ay e f he e b (cid:11)e efe  a h  e y
`b (cid:11)e e hewie eci(cid:12)ed.
`
`Each ay ad cache ey i i ey a ed by a
`ey D. The h  ew k dive eci(cid:12)e a ey
` D f a  C b (cid:11)e  e f  each h  b (cid:11)e i a
`ewy  ed a i  eceive. Thi a w he
`h   c  which iea  C b (cid:11)e ae ed
` age afe bewee h  e y ad he e
`
`Oracle Ex. 1019, pg. 3
`
`

`
`mapped
`(NIC-owned)
`
`unmapped
`(host-owned)
`
`receive
`
`post receive
`
`transmit
`
`transmit complete
`
`no
`payload
`
`post
`receive
`
`bind/pin for I/O
`
`uncached
`transmit
`
`receive
`payload
`
`invalid/free
`pcache entries
`
`cached
`transmit
`
`transmit
`complete
`
`invalidate/unbind
`
`Deliver host buffer, e.g.,
`map it into the file cache
`or process address space.
`
`valid/bound
`pcache entries
`
`Unpin host buffer if
`last/only pending
`send completes.
`
`Fig e 2: The (cid:13) w f h  b (cid:11)e ad ay ad cache eie h gh he ew kig  bye .
`
`w k ik. The  C eai he daa f each
`afe i he c e dig ey i he h 
`c ad he  C  e e ha ey f  a  be
` e afe. Th  each afe e(cid:11)ecivey ad
`ew daa i he ay ad cache; he h  ai
`ai a a ciai  bewee he h  b (cid:11)e ad i
`ay ad cache ey a g a he ey  cached
`i age f he b (cid:11)e e ai vaid. f he h  he
`iiiae a  be e a i f he a e b (cid:11)e
`wih  difyig he daa he h  e a (cid:12)ed i
`he deci  if  ig he  C ha i ay a
` i daa cached i he eci(cid:12)ed ey ahe ha
`fechig he daa f he h  b (cid:11)e ig DA.
`Thi i a ay ad cache hi.
`
`By ecifyig he ey D f  a a i  eceive
`he h  a c   evici  f daa f he ay
` ad cache. Thi i beca e / h gh a ay ad
`cache ey ay diace ay daa evi y cached
`i he age ey.
`  i eay  ee ha 
`ecey ed RU i he be eace e  icy
`f  he ay ad cache whe he h  f wad daa i
`F F de. Thi i dic ed f he i Seci  5.3.
`
`We e he f wig e i gy f  he ae f
`ay ad cache eie ad h  b (cid:11)e. A ey i
`vaid if i h d a c ec c y f  e h  b (cid:11)e
`ee i i ivaid. A h  b (cid:11)e i cached if  e vaid
`ey h d a c y f i i he ay ad cache ee
`i i cached. A ey i b d if i i a ciaed
`wih a b (cid:11)e ee i i fee. A b (cid:11)e i b d if
`i i a ciaed wih a ey ee i i b d.
`
`A b d b (cid:11)eey ai i edig if he h 
`ha  ed a a i  eceive eai   he
` C ecifyig ha ai ad he eai  ha  
`ye c eed.  e ha a b d b (cid:11)e ay be
` cached if i i edig.
`
` iiay a eie ae i he fee ae. The h 
`dive aiai a  f ey D f  fee ay ad
`cache eie deiced by he c d ea he cee
` f Fig e 2. The dive daw f hi  f fee
`eie    ew eceive ad ew a i f
` cached b (cid:11)e. Bef e iiiaig he / he 
`eaig ye i i b (cid:11)e bid he  he
`eeced ay ad cache eie ad aii  he
`eie  he edig ae. Whe he / c
`ee he  C  i(cid:12)e he h  wih a c e d
`ig eceive  a i c ee  i(cid:12)cai  via a
`ie . A eceive ay c ee wih  de i
`ig vaid cacheabe daa i  e b (cid:11)e e.g. if i
`i a h  acke; i hi cae he dive i edi
`aey bid he ey ad e  i  he fee
` . hewie he eaig ye deive he
`eceived daa  he aicai  ad add he b d
`b f f e; ey ai  i b d ey   ee
`eed by he c d i he we igh f Fig e 2.
`
` a a i he dive c ide whehe each
`b (cid:11)e h dig he daa  be a ied i b d
` a vaid ay ad cache ey. f he b (cid:11)e i 
`b d he dive eec a ew ay ad cache ey
`f he fee   age he afe f he
`b (cid:11)e. f he b (cid:11)e i aeady b d hi idicae
`
`Oracle Ex. 1019, pg. 4
`
`

`
`ha he h  i a iig f he a e b (cid:11)e
` ed i a evi  a i  eceive e.g.  f 
`wad he ay ad daa  a he deiai . Thi
`yied a ay ad cache hi if he a ciaed ey
`i vaid. The h  e e he ay ad cache ey
`f  he a i ad e a (cid:12)ed i he eai 
`deci  idicaig ha he ey i i vaid.
`
`Afe he a i c ee he dive add he
`ey ad b (cid:11)e aiig  he b d ey  .
`Regade f whehe he a i wa a ay ad
`cache hi he ey i  w vaid ad b d  he
`h  b (cid:11)e ed i he a i. A  be e
`a i f he a e daa f he a e b (cid:11)e e.g.
`a i a ica yied a ay ad cache hi.
`
`initial
`
`Host
`Unbound
`
`transmit
`
`transmit
`
`receive complete
`(no payload)
`
`receive
`
`Send
`Bound
`
`all transmits
`complete
`
`Receive
`Bound
`
`receive complete
`(payload)
`
`recycle/modify/uncache
`host buffer
`
`transmit
`
`Host
`Bound
`
`Fig e 3: ay ad cache ey ae ad ai
`i .
`
`Fig e 3  aize he ae ad aii  f 
`ay ad cache eie. iiay a eie ae i he
`fee ae a he   f he (cid:12)g e. f he dive  
`a a i  a eceive  a b d/ cached
`h  b (cid:11)e i eec a fee  C ay ad cache ey
` bid  he b (cid:11)e ad age he afe bewee
`he ew k ik ad h  e y. Thi ca e he
`eeced ey  aii   he ef had ed
`b d ae f  a edig a i   he igh
`had eceive b d ae f  a edig eceive.
`
`  he ed b d ad eceive b d ae i
`Fig e 3 he ey ad b (cid:11)e ae b d wih a
`edig / eai . F  a a i he e
`y i aked vaid a   a he afe iii
`ae; hi a w  be e a i f he a e
`b (cid:11)e e.g. f  a ica  hi i he ay ad
`cache b  i a e ha he  C  cee ed
`ig a i i F F de. F  a eceive he ey
`i aked vaid y  c ei  f he eceived
`
`acke ad y if he eceived acke de ied
`cacheabe daa i he  ed b (cid:11)e a h  acke
` igh   cc y a  ed b (cid:11)e.
`
`A vaid ay ad cache ey aii   he b 
` h  b d ae whe he edig a i
`  eceive c ee.  hi ae he ey eai
`i a ciai  wih he h  b (cid:11)e ad cache a
`vaid i age f he b (cid:11)e ef by he c eed /.
`S be e a i f he b (cid:11)e i hi ae
`ead back  ed b d yiedig a ay ad cache
`hi.
`
`ce a bidig i eabihed bewee a h  b (cid:11)e
`ad a vaid ay ad cache ey he h  b d
`ae i Fig e 3 ad he b  c d i Fig e 2
`he eaig ye ay beak he bidig ad
`ivaidae he ay ad cache ey. Thi e  he
`ay ad cache ey  he fee   c e dig
` he iiia h  b d ae i Fig e 3 
` he   c d i Fig e 2. Thi ye  ake
`hi aii  i he f wig cae:
`
`(cid:15) The ye deive he ay ad daa   e
`aicai  which  be ey di(cid:12)e he
`daa ivaidaig he a ciaed ay ad cache
`ey.
`
`(cid:15) The ye ik he daa b (cid:11)e i he y
`e (cid:12)e cache ad a  ce  be ey d
`i(cid:12)e i e.g. ig a wie ye ca.
`
`(cid:15) The ye eeae he b (cid:11)e ad ecyce he
` e y f   e he   e.
`
`(cid:15) The ye dee ie ha he cached ey
`i   ef  e.g. i d e   ied  f wad
`he daa.
`
`(cid:15) Thee ae  fee ay ad cache eie ad
`he dive  evic a b d ey i de 
`  a ew a i  eceive eai .
`
`The ay ad cache d e ex  a ieface 
`highe eve f he S kee  eeae  ivaidae
`a cache ey f  hee cae.  a he eec
`ay ad cachig i hidde i he  C dive ad i
`aae  e aye f he eaig ye .
`
`4 e eai 
`
`Thi eci  decibe a   ye i e eai 
` f ay ad cachig ig yie a  ga abe
`high eed ew k ieface.  exed he deig
` veview i he evi  eci  wih deai eaig
` he eaig ye b (cid:11)eig  icie.
`
`Oracle Ex. 1019, pg. 5
`
`

`
`c ed bidhyadd
`
`ay ad Cache eai  ex ed  ew k dive
`c eceive bidhyadd
` vaidae d bidig if ee ad bid he eace e
`ay ad cache ey wih a h  hyica fa e.
` f he b (cid:11)e i cached  he adae e exiig bidig
`ee (cid:12)d eace e ad ceae ew bidig.
`The cache ey i  w vaid/b d.
` f hi i he a adig ed he cache ey i  w
`vaid/b d.
`
`c eceive c eehyadd
`c ed c eehyadd
`
`ay ad Cache aage e ex ed  eaig ye 
`c ivaidae bidighyadd
` vaidae he ay ad cache ey b d  hi hyica
`adde; he ey i  w h  b d.
`Advie he ay ad cache aage  iceae  deceae
`he ay ad cache eie i iy.
`
`c adviehyadd i 
`
`Tabe 1: ay ad Cache d e A  f  he ew k dive ad S kee.
`
`We i e eed ay ad cachig a a exei  
`Taeze [1 4] a (cid:12) wae  ga f  yie ad
`a ciaed Taeze dive  fwae f  he FeeBSD
` eaig ye . The h  ide ay ad cache
` d e i i e eed by 1600 ie f ew c de
`a gide a Taeze device    ackage be w
`he dive ief. Whie    ye i e e
`ai  i yie eci(cid:12)c he ay ad cachig idea
`aie  Gigabi Ehee ad he ew k i
`eface.
`
`    ye iegae ay ad cachig wih
`FeeBSD exei  f  ze c y TC/  ew k
`ig [5]. Thi ye e age e aig  ve
`he daa bewee aicai  ad he eaig
`ye kee h gh he  cke ieface av id
`ig daa c yig i ay c  cae. Thi a
` w   ex e he bee(cid:12) f ay ad cachig f 
`ie ediaie wh e ef  ace i   d iaed
`by  e(cid:13)  c yig vehead. C y av idace
`a i i(cid:12)e he ay ad cache i e eai  be
`ca e f waded daa i a ied f he a e
`hyica h  b (cid:11)e ed  eceive i. Th  hee
`i a  e h  b (cid:11)e b d  each ay ad
`cache ey.
`
`The Taeze ew k ieface    age
`e aig f  TC/  ew kig by eaaig
`  c heade f daa ay ad ad de iig
`ay ad i age aiged h  ay ad b (cid:11)e a
`caed f a  f V age fa e by he dive.
`The ay ad cachig   ye aage a i e
` e  e aig f b d ay ad cache eie
`wih cached h  e y age fa e; he b (cid:11)e
`b d  each ay ad cache ey i idei(cid:12)ed by
`a i e hyica adde.
`
`Ay di(cid:12)cai   a cached b (cid:11)e age i he h 
`ivaidae he a ciaed ay ad cache ey
`if
`ay. age  eci  ay be ed  a b (cid:11)e
`
` dae i e ace.  e h weve ha chage
`  ec  ci  f acke heade d e   iva
`idae he cache eie f  he acke ay ad. F 
`exa e a Web eve acceig (cid:12)e f a FS
`(cid:12)e eve ad edig he  ve a TT c 
`eci  ay e he ay ad cache e(cid:11)ecivey.
`
`4.1 ay ad Cache  d e
`
`Tabe 1 h w he ieface ex ed by he ay
` ad cache d e cache  he Taeze e
`w k dive ad e kee aye. Whe he
`dive   a a i  eceive i iv ke he
`c eceive bid  c ed bid  ie i cache 
`check he bidig ae f he age h  b (cid:11)e
`fa e ad eabih bidig  ay ad cache e
`ie if eceay. The cache d e aiai a
`cache ey abe  ig he hyica adde f
`he b (cid:11)e b d  each ey if ay ad a bid
`ig abe  ig a ey D f  each fa e f h 
` e y. f a  ed b (cid:11)e fa e i   ye b d
` a ey cache (cid:12)d a fee ey  a  iabe
`b d ey  evic.
`
`Whe a ed  eceive c ee he dive iv ke
`he cache c ed c ee  c eceive c ee
` ie. f hee ae  e edig / ea
`i   a ey ad he ecey c eed /
`ef he ey wih vaid daa he cache ai
`i  he ey  he h  b d ae h w
`eaie i Fig e 3.
`
`caed
` ie
`ex 
`cache d e
`The
`c ivaidae bidig ad c advie  he e
`aye f he eaig ye kee. The kee
` e hee  ivaidae a ay ad cache ey whe
`i b d b (cid:11)e i di(cid:12)ed   if  cache
`ha he cached daa i  i   va abe. F 
`exa e he S ay ca c advie  ak a
`ey a a evici  cadidae if i ay ad wi
`
`Oracle Ex. 1019, pg. 6
`
`

`
`  be f waded.
`
`unbound queue
`
`priority queue
`
`victim queue
`
`caching
`
`receive queue
`
`send queue
`
`host
`
`NI
`
`replacement
`
`Fig e 4: e e f  ay ad cachig ad eace
` e.
`
`The   ye give evici  i iy  daa ha
`ha bee eceived b    ye a ied. Ay
`ay ad cache ey ha i   edig eide 
` e f hee eace e  e e: b d fee
`i iy ad vici . Fig e 4 h w he ve e
` f ay ad cache eie bewee hee  e e ad
`he  C ed/eceive  e e. Eie f  c eed
`ed ve  he vici  e e whie eie f 
`c eed eceive ve  he i iy  e e. E
`ie  eihe vici  i iy aii   he
` b d  e e if hey ae ivaidaed  de ed
`by c advie. A eviced ey ay c e f ay
` f hee  e e i he f wig efeece de:
` b d vici  i iy.
`
` e ha cache aage he ay ad cache e
`iey wihi he h  ic dig ivaidai  ad e
`ace e. S   f  ay ad cachig  he  C
`i ivia. The h  iggyback a ay ad cache di
`ecive  he c ad  he  C a i
`ad   eceive  ay ad cachig i  e 
` ea abe device  / vehead.
`
`4.2 Diec F wadig
`
`    a f wadig eai  a ay ad cachig
`h  eceive c  ad ay ad f he  C b 
`a i y heade ac  he / b  edig
`f waded ay ad f he cache. F  ie e
`diaie ha d   acce  ay ad |  ch
`a   c aa  ica  de  c e
`wiche | a a a  gei  i  exed he
`eaai  f c  ad ay ad daa ah.
` 
`hi cae he  C y ae c  heade  he
`h    daa ay ad. We e hi c (cid:12)g ai 
`diec f wadig i c a  cache f wad
`ig.     ye    diec f wadig
` de wih a  a exei   he  C (cid:12) wae
`ad a  a chage  he cache d e ad dive.
`ay ad cache ey aage e d e   chage.
`
`Exei ea e  i Seci  5 h w ha diec
`eabe f wadig a ik eed i ied y by
`he CU vehead f  he f wadig gic. w
`eve a  e diec  icy i a iae y whe
`he ay ad cache i ade aey ized f  he ik 
`if he ed ae i hed be w he eve ha ve(cid:13) w
`he cache. Thi i beca e evici  i a diec
`ay ad cache dicad he acke daa f cig he
`dive  d  ay acke ha ie i he ay ad
`cache i diec de.
`
`Seci  5.5 h w ha TC c gei  c 
`ada  a  aicay deive axi a wabe
`badwidh h gh a diec f wade wih vey
` w i ae i he eece f hee acke d .
`Eve   diec i a wy ef a i e eed
`i    ye.  w d be  ibe  ehace
`i geeaiy by exedig he  C  DA diec
`cached ay ad  he h  bef e evici    de
` ad. A he aeaive igh be  exed he
` C  adaivey eve f diec  cache
`a i c e de ad. We have   i e eed
`hee exei  i    ye b   i e
` eai  i  Æcie  h w he  eia ef 
` ace bee(cid:12) f hee e geea a ache.
`
`5 ay ad Cachig ef  ace
`
`Thi eci  ex e he e(cid:11)ecivee f he ay ad
`cachig   ye f  a i e kee baed f wad
`ig  xy. The e  h w he e(cid:11)ec f ay ad
`cachig  f wadig aecy ad badwidh f 
`TC ea  ad UD acke (cid:13) w vayig he
`ay ad cache ize  be f c c e ea 
`acke ize ad e acke  ceig c  i he
`f wadig h  CU.
`
`Whie he hi ae i he ay ad cache diecy af
`fec he iceae i h gh  ad deceae i a
`ecy i i   i y a f ci  f cache ize  e
`ace e  icy. Udeadig he ieay be
`wee ay ad cachig ad f wade behavi  a
` w   eabih \ea w d" ef  ace de
`a vaiey f ceai .
`
`5.1 Exei ea Se 
`
`We a a exei e ig De  weEdge 4400
`ye   a Taeze/yie ew k. The De
`4400 ha a 733 z e Xe  CU 32 B 1
`cache 256 B 2 cache a SeveW k SeveSe
` E chie ad 2 way ieeaved RA. Ed
`ye  e 2 C 64B yie adae wih
`66 z Aai 7  ce . The f wade e
`a e  wef e  d ci    ye yie
`2000  C wih a 132 z Aai 9  ce  which
`
`Oracle Ex. 1019, pg. 7
`
`

`
`acke Size
`1.5 B
`4 B
`8 B
`
` i   i F wadig
`82.31(cid:22)
`153.86(cid:22)
`108.36(cid:22)
`224.68(cid:22)
`159.2(cid:22)
`326.88(cid:22)
`
`cache
`
`diec
`
`140.15(cid:22)
`191.68(cid:22)
`285.94(cid:22)
`
`131.5(cid:22)
`173.71(cid:22)
`260.74(cid:22)
`
`Tabe 2: e way aecy f UD acke h gh a ie ediay.
`
`d e   a ae a he f wadig badwidh
`achieved wih ay ad cachig. The yie 2000
` C  he f wade e   1.4 B f i
` b ad RA a a ay ad cache i  exei
` e. A  C  ig Taeze (cid:12) wae e
`haced f  ay ad cachig ae c eced  C
`  ached  he 1 Gb/ ew k eed. Sice
`he ik ae bidieci a he b  ay c ai
`f wadig badwidh.
`
`A  de   FeeBSD 4.0 kee. The f wad
`ig  xy  fwae ed i hee exei e c 
`i f a e f exei   a  (cid:12)ewa d e
`i he FeeBSD ew k ack. The f wade i
`ece TC aÆc  a deigaed vi a  ad
`de ad   ad  e e i f  a kee head
`ha eay he aÆc f  each c eci   a e
`eced ed  de.  e ha he f wade ac a a
`ie ediay f  he TC c eci  bewee he
`ed  de ahe ha aiaiig eaae c 
`eci   each ed  de.  aic a he f 
`wade d e  high eve   c  ceig f 
`TC  UD he ha baic heade ec gii 
`ad heade ewiig  hide he ideiy f he
`ed i f each he ig ew k Adde
`Taai  AT. Thi  fwae  vide a ba
`ic f wadig echai f  a eÆcie h  baed
`c e wich  ad baacig c e f  ed.
`  i e ivae  he kee baed f wadig  
` ed f  aicai  eve  xie by TC ic
`ig [8].
`
`T geeae ew k aÆc h gh he f wade
`we ed eef vei  2.13 a adad 
`f  bech akig TC/  ew kig ef  ace
`ad F wge a ew k aÆc geea  f he
`DiRT  jec a UC.
`
`5.2 aecy
`
`Tabe 2 give he aecy f  e way UD a
`fe wih acke ize f 1500 bye 4 B ad 8 B.
` e ig a f wadig ie ediay i  e a
`ecy eaie agig f 86 f  1500 bye
`acke  105 f  8 B acke. ay ad cachig
`cache ed ce hi aecy eay dey e
`d cig f wadig aecy by 8 f  1500 bye ack
`e 14 f  4 B acke ad 12 f  8 B ack
`
`e. Diec f wadig diec ed ce f wadig
`aecy f he: he  a aecy i  ve e f 
`diec i 14 f  1500 bye acke 22 f  4 B
`acke ad 20 f  8 B acke.
`
`Thi exei e yied a ay ad cache hi f  ev
`ey f waded acke egade f cache ize. The
`e ig aecy avig e  f ed ced /
`b  c ig i he f wade. cache ei i
`ae he / b  c ig  a i ad diec
`ei ia