`
`Microsoft Computer
`Dictionary
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`Definitive coverage of hardwar.
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`I
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`Exhibit 2003
`IPR2015-00974
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`
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`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`Copyright ' 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Control Number: 2002019714
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`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
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`Send comments to mspinput@microsoft.com .
`
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3 D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, Directinput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Body Part No. X08-41929
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`device
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`Dhrystone
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`including the following stages: analysis, design and proto-
`typing, software coding and testing, and implementation.
`
`interrupts, base addresses, and serial communication
`parameters.
`
`device n. A generic term for a computer subsystem.
`Printers, serial ports, and disk drives are often referred to
`as devices; such subsystems frequently require their own
`controlling software, called device drivers. See also
`device driver.
`
`device address n. A location within the address space of
`a computer’s random access memory (RAM) that can be
`altered either by the microprocessor or by an external
`device. Device addresses are different from other locations
`in RAM, which can be altered only by the microprocessor.
`See also device, input/output, RAM.
`device control character n. See control character.
`
`device controller n. See input/output controller.
`
`device dependence n. The requirement that a particular
`device be present or available for the use of a program,
`interface, or protocol. Device dependence in a program is
`often considered unfortunate because the program either is
`limited to one system or requires adjustments for every
`other type of system on which it is to run. Compare device
`independence.
`device driver n. A software component that permits a
`computer system to communicate with a device. In most
`cases, the driver also manipulates the hardware in order to
`transmit the data to the device. However, device drivers
`associated with application packages typically perform only
`the data translation; these higher-level drivers then rely on
`lower-level drivers to actually send the data to the device.
`Many devices, especially video adapters on PC-compatible
`computers, will not work properly(cid:151)if at all(cid:151)without the
`correct device drivers installed in the system.
`Device Driver Developer Kit n. See DDK.
`Device Driver Kit n. See DDK.
`
`device independence n. A characteristic of a program,
`interface, or protocol that supports software operations that
`produce similar results on a wide variety of hardware. For
`example, the PostScript language is a device-independent
`page description language because programs issuing Post-
`Script drawing and text commands need not be customized
`for each potential printer. Compare device dependence.
`device-independent bitmap n. See DIB.
`
`device manager a. A software utility that allows viewing
`and changing hardware configuration settings, such as
`
`Device Manager n. In Windows 95, a function within the
`System Properties utility that indicates device conflicts
`and other problems and allows a user to change the prop-
`erties of the computer and each device attached to it. See
`also property, property sheet.
`
`16-1
`
`device name n. The label by which a computer system
`component is identified by the operating system. MS-
`DOS, for example, uses the device name COMI to iden-
`tify the first serial communications port.
`
`device partnership a. A registry key, stored on the Win-
`dows CE device, that a desktop computer uses to identify
`that Windows CE device when it is connected to the desk-
`top. The key defines values for synchronization, file con-
`versions, and backup and restore information, which
`enable multiple Windows CE devices to connect to the
`same desktop computer. A device partnership is created
`the first time you connect a Windows CE device to a desk-
`top computer.
`
`device resolution a. See resolution (definition 1).
`
`DFP n. See digital flat panel port.
`
`DFS n. See distributed file system.
`DGIS n. Acronym for Direct Graphics Interface Specifi-
`cation. An interface developed by Graphics Software Sys-
`tems. DGIS is firmware (generally implemented in ROM
`on a video adapter) that allows a program to display
`graphics on a video display through an extension to the
`IBM BIOS Interrupt 10H interface.
`DHCP n. Acronym for Dynamic Host Configuration Pro-
`tocol. A TCP/IP protocol that enables a network con-
`nected to the Internet to assign a temporary IP address to a
`host automatically when the host connects to the network.
`See also IP address, TCP/IP. Compare dynamic SLIP.
`Dhrystone a. A general-performance benchmarking test,
`originally developed by Rheinhold Weicker in 1984 to mea-
`sure and compare computer performance. The test reports
`general system performance in dhrystones per second. It is
`intended to replace the older and less reliable Whetstone
`benchmark. The Dhrystone benchmark, like most bench-
`marks, consists of standard code revised periodically to
`minimize unfair advantages to certain combinations of
`hardware, compiler, and environment. Dhrystone concen-
`trates on string handling and uses no floating-point opera-
`tions. Like most benchmarking tests, it is heavily
`
`155
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`(cid:9)