`
`INTERFACE
`
`MESSAGE
`PROCESSOR
`
`Specifications for the
`
`Interconnection
`
`of a Host and an IMP
`
`Developed for
`the Adv
`ed Research Projects Agency
`by Bolt
`ranek and Newman inc.
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 1
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 1
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE INTERCGNNE TION OF A HOST AND AN IMP
`
`(JANUARY 1976 REVISION)
`
`P1ease report
`is periodicaiiy updated.
`NOTE: This Report
`change of name or address for updates to:
`
`Network Controi Center
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`50 Mouiton Street
`
`02138
`Cambridge, Mass.
`Attn. Aiexander McKenzie
`
`Sponsored by:
`
`Advanced Research Projects Agency
`ARPA Order No. 2351
`Contract No.
`F 08606-73-C-0032
`
`Submitted to:
`
`IMP Program Manager
`Range Measurements Lab.
`Buiiding 981
`Patrick Air Force Base
`
`Cocoa Beach, Florida
`
`32925
`
`1/76
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 2
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 2
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek ans Seaman Etc.
`
`UPDATE STATUS
`
`The pages of this report should be dated as follows:
`
`Title page,
`
`this page, pp. iii to Vii and H-1 to H-27:
`
`EE?5
`
`All other pages:
`
`T2/75
`
`January 1976
`IMPORTANT NOTE
`*~k*********9&-k***-A—****
`
`* Sections 3 and 5 of this revision
`
`* describe a new protocol which is
`
`scheduled for implementation very
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`*
`
`early this year. Before attempting *
`
`to use this protocol please confirm *
`
`its existence by calling the Network *
`
`*
`(617) 661-0100.
`* Control Center at
`*‘k'k'k'.l'***'k********'k***
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 3
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 3
`
`
`
`Report No.
`
`1822
`
`Bo1t Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
`
`2.1
`
`Physica1 Configuration
`
`2.2 Description of Equipment
`
`2.3
`
`Interfacing
`
`SYSTEM OPERATION
`
`3.1 Messages and Message-ids
`
`1-1
`
`2-1
`
`2-1
`
`2-9
`
`2-12
`
`3-1
`
`3-1
`
`3.2 Estab1ishing and Breaking Host/IMP Communications
`
`3-6
`
`3.3 Host-to-IMP Leader Format
`
`3.4
`
`IMP-to-Host Leader Format
`
`3.5 word Length Mismatch and Message Boundaries
`
`3.6
`
`Two Debugging Aids
`
`3.7 Uncontro11ed Packets
`
`3.8 Non-B1ocking Host Interface
`
`HARDWARE REQ”IREMENTS AND DESCRIPTION
`
`4.1 Structure of the Standard Host/IMP Interface
`
`4.2
`
`IMP/Host Handshaking
`
`4.3 End-of-Message Indication
`
`4.4 Master Ready Lines
`
`4.5 Host Cab1e Connections
`
`4.5.1 Connection to a Loca1 Host
`
`4.5.2 Connection to a Distant Host
`
`3-12
`
`3-21
`
`3-31
`
`3-33
`
`3-35
`
`3-36
`
`4-1
`
`4-2
`
`4-4
`
`4-10
`
`4-10
`
`4-13
`
`4-17
`
`4-22
`
`i
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 4
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 4
`
`
`
`Report No.
`
`1 822
`
`BoIt
`
`B
`
`eranek and Newman Inc.
`
`5-14
`
`5-16
`
`5-19
`
`5-22
`
`A-1
`
`A-2
`
`A-4
`
`C-1
`
`D-1
`
`D-2
`
`IMP BACKGROUND PROGRAMS
`
`TTY
`
`DEBUG
`
`1 2
`
`5.
`
`5.
`
`.3
`
`PARAMETER-CHANGE
`
`5.
`
`4
`
`DISCARD
`
`TRACE
`
`STATISTICS
`
`5.6.1
`
`Snapshots
`
`5.6.2 Cumu1ative Statistics
`
`5.6.3 Message Generator
`
`APPEHDIX A
`
`01d-Style Leader Formats
`
`A.1
`
`Host-to-IMP Leader Format
`
`A.2
`
`IMP—to-Host Leader Format
`
`Recommendations for Host
`
`Imp1ementation
`
`of the Host/IMP Interface
`
`B.1
`
`B.2
`
`B.3
`
`B.4
`
`Ready Line Phi1osophy
`
`Programming the I/O Routines
`
`Host Ready Line Imp1ementation
`
`Summary of Ready Line Contro1s
`
`Local Host Connection EIectricaI
`
`Characteristics
`
`Driver Receiver for Distant Host
`
`D.1 Differentia1 Receiver PAC Mode1
`
`CC—124
`
`D.1.1
`
`D.1.2
`
`2.1.3
`
`Circeit Description
`
`Terminating Network
`
`Seeeéficetions
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 5
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 5
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`D.2 Differential Line Driver PAC,
`
`Model CC-125
`
`D.2.1 Circuit Function
`
`D.2.2 Terminating Network
`
`D.2.3 Specifications
`
`E ASCII Codes
`
`F Very Distant Host Interface
`
`F.1
`
`Philosophy of the Very Distant Host
`
`Interface
`
`F.2
`
`The Reliable Transmission Package
`
`F.3
`
`The Error Detecting Special Host
`
`Interface
`
`F.3.1 Message Formatting
`
`F.3.2 Character Codes
`
`F.3.3 The Cyclic Redundancy Check
`
`F 354 Connection to a Modem
`
`G
`
`H
`
`IMP Power Wiring Convention
`
`Interfacing a Private Line Interface (PLI)
`
`to an IMP and a Host
`
`to a PLI
`
`H.l
`
`Philosophy of the Private Line Interface
`
`(PLI)
`
`H.2
`
`Secure PLI Functional Specification
`
`H.3 Bitstream PLI Functional Specification
`
`D-4
`
`D-4
`
`D-4
`
`D—5
`
`E=l
`
`F—1
`
`F—2
`
`F-5
`
`F-14
`
`F-14
`
`F-19
`
`F-20
`
`F-24
`
`G-1
`
`H—l
`
`H-2
`
`H-5
`
`H-9
`
`H.4
`
`Secure PLI Physical Characteristics
`
`H-l2
`
`iii
`
`l/76
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 6
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 6
`
`
`
`1822
`
`Boit Beranek and
`
`Qew
`
`an
`vs
`9 :;,:'-3.:
`I
`
`Inc.
`
`H. 5
`
`Secure PLI Cable Entry and Conduit
`
`H.5.1
`
`AC Power
`
`H.5.2
`
`IMP Connection
`
`H.5.3
`
`Red Host or Data Connection
`
`H.5.4
`
`Key Generator Connections
`
`Bitstream PLI Physicai Configuration
`
`Software Interfaces to the PLI
`
`H-14
`
`H-14
`
`H-16
`
`H-18
`
`H-20
`
`H-22
`
`H-24
`
`iv
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 7
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 7
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`LIST OF FIGURES
`
`Figure 1-1
`
`A Typical Section of the ARPANET
`
`1-2
`
`s.
`u
`The Model 516 IMP, Modem Cabin-t,
`
`and IMP Teletype*
`
`1-3
`
`The Model 316 IMP and IMP Teletype*
`
`1-4
`
`The Terminal
`
`IMP and IMP Teletype*
`
`1-5
`
`The Pluribus IMP and IMP Terminal*
`
`2-1
`
`IMP Equipment
`
`2-2 Minimum Floor Area Required for 516 IMP
`
`2-3 Minimum Floor Area Required for 316 IMP
`
`2-4 Minimum Floor Area Requ‘red for 316 TIP
`
`2-5 Minimum Floor Area Required for Pluribus
`
`IMP (per rack)
`
`2-6 Host/IMP Interface
`
`3-1 Host-to-IMP Leader Format
`
`3-2
`
`IMP-to-Host Leader Format
`
`4-1 Simplified Illustration of the Host/IMP
`
`Interface
`
`4-2 Simplified Control Logic for Host/IMP
`
`Handshaking
`
`4-3
`
`IMP Ready Test and IMP Master Ready Lines
`
`4-4
`
`516 Host Cable Signals (Local Host)
`
`;Ph3t3§FEEh§_E§ Hutchins Photography, Inc., Belmont, Mass.
`
`1-2
`
`1-3
`
`1-4
`
`1-5
`
`1-6
`
`2-2
`
`2-5
`
`2-6
`
`2-7
`
`2-8
`
`2-12
`
`3-12
`
`3-21
`
`4-3
`
`4-5
`
`4-11
`
`4-19
`
`V
`
`1/764
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 8
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 8
`
`
`
`R€P°Vt N0- 3823
`
`Bo1t Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`Figure 4-5
`
`316 Host Cab1e Signa1s (Loca1 Host)
`
`4-6 P1uribus IMP Host Cab1e Signa1s (Loca1 Host)
`
`4-7 Host Cab1e Signa1s (Distant Host)
`
`5-1 Trace Message Format
`
`5-2 Trace B1ock Format
`
`5-3 Snapshot Message Format
`
`5-4 Cumu1ative Statistics Message Format
`
`A-1 O1d-sty1e Host-to-IMP Leader Format
`
`A-2
`
`01d-sty1e IMP-to-Host Leader Format
`
`B-1 Host-to-IMP (Host's Specia1 Interface)
`
`B-2
`
`IMP to Host (Host's Specia1 Interface)
`
`D-1 Differentia1 Receiver PAC Mode1 CC-124
`
`Schematic Diagram and Logic Symbo1
`
`(Shown as Connected in IMP)
`
`D-2 Differentia1 Line Driver PAC Mode1 CC-125
`
`Schematic Diagram and Logic Symboi
`
`(Shown as Connected in IMP)
`
`F-1
`
`Norma1 IMP/Host Connection
`
`F-2
`
`IMP/Host Connection for Very Distant Host
`
`F-3 Packet Format
`
`F-4 Contro1 Word Format
`
`4-20
`
`4-21
`
`4-23
`
`5-12
`
`5-13
`
`5-17
`
`5-20
`
`A-2
`
`A-5
`
`B-3
`
`B-4
`
`D-3
`
`D-6
`
`F-2
`
`F-4
`
`F-5
`
`F-6
`
`F-5 Segmentation of a Message into Packets for
`
`the Very Distant Host Interface
`
`F-11
`
`qigfnffi
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 9
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 9
`
`
`
`ReP0Tt N0- 1322
`
`Bo1t Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`Figure F-6 Adaptation of Specia1 Host Interface
`
`F—7 Packet Format on Line
`
`F-8 Output Check Register
`
`G-1 Twistiock P1ug (Viewed from Pin Side)
`
`G—2 Twist1ock Receptac1e (Viewed from Socket Side)
`
`H-1
`
`Examp1e of PLI and Network Configuration
`
`H-2
`
`Secure PLI Configuration
`
`H-3 Secure PLI Out1ine Dimensions
`
`H-4 Possib1e Secure PLI Interface Configurations
`
`F-14
`
`F-15
`
`F-21
`I
`
`G3
`
`(.0
`
`G-3
`
`H-3
`
`H-6
`
`H-13
`
`H-17
`
`vii
`
`1/76
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 10
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 10
`
`
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 11
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 11
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`1.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`The ARPANET provides a capability for geographically sep-
`
`arated computers, called Hosts,
`
`to communicate with each other.
`
`The Host computers typically differ from one another in type,
`
`speed, word length, operating system, etc.
`
`Each Host computer is
`
`connected into the network through a local small computer, called
`
`an Interface Message Processor (IMP),
`
`that is located on its
`
`premises; a typical network section is shown in Figure 1-1.
`
`The
`
`complete network is formed by interconnecting these IMPs through
`
`wideband communication lines supplied by common carriers.
`
`Each
`
`IMP is then programmed to store and forward messages to the
`
`neighboring IMPs
`
`in the network. During a typical operation, a
`
`Host passes a message to its IMP;
`this message is then passed
`from IMP to IMP through the network until it finally arrives at
`
`the destination IMP, which in turn passes it along to the desti-
`
`nation Host.
`
`Several models of IMPS are currently available. All perform
`
`the basic function of a store and forward mode, but
`
`they have
`
`different physical configurations and data handling rates.
`
`The
`
`Model 516 (see Figure l-2) is the original IMP and is no longer
`
`normally installed.
`
`The Model 316 (see Figure l—3)
`
`is a less
`
`expensive and somewhat slower version of the original IMP.
`
`The
`
`Terminal
`
`IMP or TIP (see Figure 1-4)
`
`is a Model 316 IMP mounted
`
`in a double hi-boy rack along with a BBN Multi-Line Controller
`
`(MLC).
`
`The Terminal
`
`IMP is designed to connect both Hosts and
`
`up to 64 terminals to the network;
`
`the terminals are given
`
`access to the network directly, without an intervening Host.
`
`The Pluribus IMP (see Figure 1-5),
`
`the most recent addition to
`
`the IMP family,
`
`is based on a flexible multiprocessor design and
`
`is housed in from one to several racks, depending on precise
`
`speed and capacity.
`
`1-1
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 12
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 12
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`V
`
`Bo1t Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
` TERMINALS
`
`FIG.1—1
`
`A TYPICAL SECTION OF THE ARPANET
`
`12/75
`
`1—2
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 13
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 13
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`MODEMCABINET,ANDIMPTELETYPE
`
`
`FIG.1-2THEMODEL516IMP,
`
`1-3
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 14
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 14
`
`
`
`Report 30. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and féewman inc.
`
`
`
`‘
`
`L
`
`‘
`
`\ »“
`"_!.’€‘¥£F¥FAGE
`
`I
`
`I
`
` "
`
`FIG. 1-3 THE MODEL 316 EMF’ AM’)
`
`IMP TELETYPE
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 15
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 15
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`W,
`-
`r
`mm M ‘W
`
`
`
`
`
`1-4THETERMINALIMPANDIMPTELETYPE
`
`FIG.
`
`1-5
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 16
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 16
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`B01’: Berarzek and Newman
`
`In-C,
`
`
`
`
`
`W
`:~,::.°:zv3v
`:nm,Wwmm.W.w.
`fipv. mew: » .....«.,n»...m...«~ umwu: u-ma -m~—~»- m
`
`FIG. 1-5
`
`THE PLURIBUS IMP
`
`ANS 1%? TERMENAL
`
`E2f?5
`
`1~5
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 17
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 17
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`This document contains the specifications for interconnect-
`
`ing a Host and an IMF and may be subject to change.
`
`The intera
`
`connection of a Host and an IMP is a joint effort that requires
`
`the Host personnel to provide interfacing hardware and software.
`
`Although we have tried to provide sufficient information to
`
`assist the Host personnel
`
`in the design of the interface, prob-
`
`lems and questions that we have not anticipated will undoubtedly
`
`arise.
`
`These questions should be addressed to:
`
`Network Control Center
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`50 Moulton Street
`Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
`
`We strongly recommend that the personnel r
`e
`.—r :3‘ e design of the Host hardware and softwar.
`f‘1
`‘vw\‘L\-\Iu-I
`f\
`1-41-1,.
`DD f\D
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`CL. 0!!
`cr
`
`e
`
`e'w'ma1
`
`_nc. for a thorough review of the designs prior to implementa-
`
`tion. We feel that this procedure will help to minimize the
`
`difficulties that will be encountered in connecting the Host and
`
`tile IT"P.
`
`1.7
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 18
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 18
`
`
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 19
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 19
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`2.
`
`GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
`
`In this section, we describe the physical configuration of
`
`the IMP,
`
`the space and power requirements,
`
`the equipment neces-
`
`sary to interconnect the IMP and Host, and the facilities that
`
`must be provided by the IMP site to assist with installation and
`
`maintenance of the IMP.
`
`o
`
`1...:
`
`l\)
`
`‘U
`
`I
`hysica Configuration
`
`As shown in Figure 2-1, four pieces of equipment are pro-
`
`vided:
`
`the IMP itself, which is a modified Honeywell H—5l6R,
`
`Honeywell H—3l6, or BBN Pluribus computer; an ASE-33 Teletype
`
`or Infoton Vistar*; a high—speed paper tape reader (optional);
`
`and a cabinet, approximately the same size as the Model 516R,
`
`that contains up to four modems connecting the IMP to the com-
`
`munication lines.
`
`The telephone company will supply modems only
`
`for the communication lines actually installed.
`
`In addition,
`
`the telephone company usually supplies auxiliary equipment that
`
`may vary from site to site and need not be located near the
`
`modem cabinet or the IMP.
`
`A Host is connected to an IMP by a Host cable.** The
`
`particular cabling scheme is determined by the distance between
`
`the Host and the IMP.
`
`A local Host
`
`(one close to the IMP)
`
`is
`
`connected by a 30-foot cable*** that is supplied with the IMP.
`
`This cable connects a standard Host/IMP interface unit built
`
`into the IMP to a special interface provided by the Host.
`
`*The Vistar is a keyboard/display—type terminal used with the
`Pluribus.
`It performs the same functions as the ASR—33 Teletype.
`
`**The cables in Figure 2—l are drawn only schematically rather
`than in their actual positions.
`
`***The length of this cable is limited by the characteristics of
`the cable drivers in the IMP.
`
`2-1
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 20
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 20
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bo1t Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`.._<zo_Eo.
`
`zuooz
`
`.._<zo:...o.
`
`zmoo:
`
`Immoqmm
`
`nm-mm<
`
`>.r._..
`
`mac.»,Ammn_<n_
`
`:,m_z.:=S3:H..m.mZ.._
`
`—0
`
`m._<z_sE.n:.
`
`042
`
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`-*2}-u.lCLL<UuJ
`
`
`
`m._m<o.50:
`
`"'2l-|.I.l¢u.<U|.IJ
`
`n1..
`
`2
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 21
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 21
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`S
`A di tant Host* may be located up to 2000 feet
`1..
`...,.
`..v:a,::-:+-
`uuo an CLU.U.J.
`tion to the standard Host/IMP interface is required
`
`from the IMP,
`
`to modify the line—driving scheme.
`
`The Host personnel must de-
`
`sign a special interface that is compatible and must supply the
`
`connecting cable as specified in Sec.
`
`fl.5.2.
`
`Since additional
`
`IMP hardware must be supplied,
`
`the decision to connect a distant
`
`Host must be made known well in advance.
`
`A distant Host will
`
`usually be connected to an IMP which has one or more local Hosts.
`
`A very distant Host may be located even farther from the IMP,
`
`using an entirely different interface arrangement which is de-
`
`scribed in Appendix F. Basically,
`
`the very distant Host inter-
`
`face is designed for use over communication circuits with speeds
`
`up to 230.M kilobits/second and up to tens (perhaps hundreds) of
`
`miles long.
`
`The communication protocol used with this interface
`
`includes a 24-bit cyclic redundancy check and a positive acknowl-
`
`edgment scheme.
`
`A separate 30-foot cable is provided with the IMP for the
`
`connection to each modem.
`
`In addition, cables are provided for
`
`connecting the terminal (Teletype or Vistar) and paper tape
`
`reader (if supplied) to the IMP.
`
`For the H—5l6R and H-316 IMPS,
`
`cables exit
`
`from the IMP through the bottom of the rear panel.
`
`Cables will exit
`
`from the modem unit
`
`through the bottom of the
`
`modem cabinet; if a site does not have a false floor,
`
`other
`
`modem cable arrangements are easily provided. Cables are con-
`
`nected to the Pluribus IMP via a fantail panel located at
`
`the
`
`rear of the machine.
`
`*Not available with the Pluribus IMP.
`
`2-3
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 22
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 22
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`Figures 2-2, 2-3,
`
`2—Q, and 2~5 depict
`
`the floor space re-
`
`quirements for the 516 IMP,
`
`the 316 IMP,
`
`the (maximum size)
`
`316 TIP, and the (minimum size) Pluribus IMP respectively.
`
`Some
`
`configurations of the 316 TIP may only require the same floor
`
`space as a 316 IMP, and some Pluribus IMPs may require several
`
`racks side by side;
`
`the Network Control Center can furnish de-
`
`tails for each installation.
`
`with the Honeywell machines, provision should be made to
`
`place the ASR-33 Teletype close to the IMP.
`
`The ASR—33 occupies
`
`approximately 2' x 2' of floor space.
`
`(The optional paper tape
`
`reader must be placed nearby if it is supplied.* Its dimensions
`
`are llxllx23 inches (WIDTHxHEIGHTxDEPTH).
`
`A convenient
`
`location
`
`is the top of the IMP cabinet, if overhead space permits.)
`
`with the Pluribus machine,
`
`table space should be provided nearby
`
`for the Infoton Vistar.
`
`Its dimensions are 20x13x24 inches.
`
`(Again,
`
`the optional paper tape reader must be placed nearby
`
`if it is supplied.* Its dimensions are 20x8x22 inches.
`
`It can
`
`be located on top of the IMP cabinet if overhead space permits.)
`
`A small lockable cabinet is needed on the Host premises
`
`for the storage of IMP—related materials (e.g., manuals, test
`
`tapes, scope,
`
`tool box, etc.). Finally, a telephone should be
`
`located within reach of both the terminal and the operating
`
`panel of the IMP for use during diagnosis and debugging.
`
`(Pluribus IMPs may be supplied without an operating panel.)
`
`The locations of the IMP, modem cabinet, paper tape reader,
`
`and Teletype are to be selected by the Host personnel.
`
`These
`
`pieces of equipment should be placed within approximately eight
`
`n
`r.
`.
`—,
`E‘
`-s_
`.
` .
`To determine whether a paper tape reader will be supplied, a
`site may contact
`the Network Control Center.
`
`12i?S
`
`2-4
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 23
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 23
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bo1t Beranek and Newman
`
`Inc.
`
`MIN. 6" CLEARANCE REQUIRED
`
`FOR CABLE ACCESS AND AIR EXHAUST
`|
`:
`
`I-A 49'}-!
`
` TILT-OUT
`
`LOGIC
`DRAWER
`
`I
`
`5,,‘
`
`NOTE? DIMENSIONS ARE TO NEAREST INCH
`
`TOP VIEW
`
`FIG.2-2
`
`MINIMUM FLOOR AREA‘ REQUIRED FOR 516 IMP
`
`2-5
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 24
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 24
`
`
`
`Repsrt
`
`\c. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman
`
`Inc.
`
`HINGED DOOR USED ON
`EARLY MODELS ONLY:
`REMOVABLE BACK PANEL
`USED ON LATER MODELS
`
`LOGIC
`
`PULL-OUT
`
`DRAWERLLLLLLLL
`
`CONTROL
`PANEL
`
`_.I
`
`TOP VIEW
`
`4---LEAVE MiN|MUM O?
`" F
`ACCE
`12
`OR
`SS
`
`:55-C~..2=-3
`
`?*‘:I!‘€§!‘v%L?V
`
`.5§,3€R
`
`,3=RE;1. REQUIRES F33?-1 315
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 25
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 25
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`I
`
`
`
`22"
`
`——>$ \
`
`\\
`
`/
`
`I I I I I
`
`HINGED DOOR USED ON
`
`EARLY TIPS ONLYZ -*2;
`
`REMOVABLE BACK PANEL
`
`USED ON LATER MODELS
`
`
`
`I-———— 52" I
`I
`II
`.
`
`I
`
`I
`
` I
`
`PULL—0UT
`LOGIC
`DRAWER
`
`I
`I
`'
`I
`I
`|
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`L_____4
`
`PULL-OUT
`LOGIC
`DRAWER
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`|
`|
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`L_____J
`
`TOP vIEw
`
`LEAVE MINIMUM
`OF I2" FOR ACCESS
`
`12/ 75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 26
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 26
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`BoIt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`- MIN. 6" CLEAI-‘V\*ANCE_ _R_§_9_U_IRED
`-' FOR AIR EXHAIJST
`
`PLURIBUS
`
`IMP
`
`
`
`
`
`(TYPICAL RACK)
`
`NOTES‘ DIMENSIONS ARE TO NEAREST INCH;
`CABLES CONNECT ON REAR (DOOR) SIDE
`
`TOP VIEW
`
`FIG. 2-5 MINIMUM FLOOR AREA REQUIRED
`
`FOR ?‘%_LERIBI§S
`
`IM?‘
`
`RE-XCKE
`
`12,535
`
`2-8
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 27
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 27
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`feet of one another.
`
`A minimum of thirty square feet of floor
`
`space is required for the equipment, and additional space must
`
`be available for accessing the machine during maintenance and
`
`debugging. Access to the Model 516 IMP is via a full-length
`4
`L
`—?..~
`...'
`L.
`D.,,,\...1.
`.:|,.,...,,
`...'L.
`.._
`_2,.
`.....:I
`f\
`A.
`A
`-|,..n
`J..LKJlJ.U LAUUL, WLl_LL¢ll
`..LD l.|.J.l.l5C'U. U11 DIIC J.C.L t side. Access to the 316
`
`IMPs is via drawers which slide to the front. Access to the
`
`Pluribus IMP is via full-length rear doors and removable front
`
`panels. Access to the modem cabinet is via a removable front
`
`panel.
`
`In addition to the modem cabinet,
`
`the telephone company may
`
`provide another cabinet
`
`to contain the auxiliary equipment.
`
`It
`
`is recommended that this auxiliary equipment be placed in an
`
`inconspicuous location on the Host premises, such as in a tele-
`
`phone company equipment room, since immediate access to this
`
`equipment is not necessary.
`
`2.2 Description of Equipment
`
`External dimensions, approximate weights, and power require-
`ments of the various IMP models are given in Table 2;l.
`The
`
`paper tape reader weighs approximately 25 pounds,
`
`the ASR—33
`
`Teletype weighs approximately 56 pounds, and the Infoton Vistar
`
`weighs approximately 55 pounds.
`
`The Model 516 IMP is a ruggedized unit with E.M.I. protec-
`
`tion. All IMPs will operate in an ambient environment
`
`from O to
`
`H500 (Pluribus IMPs should not be operated at temperatures over
`3000 unless special provisions are made) and up to 95% humidity.
`
`However,
`
`these features have been included for reliability and,
`
`in general, an environment suitable for most digital computing
`
`equipment should be provided; i.e., air—conditioned and free
`
`from excessive dust and moisture.
`
`2-9
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 28
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 28
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`I Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`
`
`TABLE 2-1
`
`
`
`Weight
`
`Power
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`E 2100
`
`2200
`
`'1uribuS IMP
`(per rack)
`
`
`
`22
`
`26
`
`550
`
`- 3000
`
`(approx)
`
`The power requirements for the Honeywell
`as follows:
`
`IMP equipment are
`
`a)
`
`IMP:
`
`115 VAC 1 10%; 60 Hz
`
`1 5%, single phase.
`
`The
`
`line cord is 15 ft.
`
`long and contains 3—wire cable
`
`terminated by a 30—amp Hubbell 3331G twistlock con—
`
`nector (for wiring convention, see Appendix G),
`
`b) High-speed reader (optional):
`
`115 VAC i 10%; 60 Hz,
`
`single—phase at 125 watts.
`
`(The line must withstand
`
`10-amp surges at 125 VAC.)
`
`The line cord is 6 ft.
`
`long and is terminated in a standard 3—wire grounded
`
`plug.
`
`c) ASR-33:
`
`115 VAC 1 10%; 60 Hz
`
`~_~ 0.15 Hz, single phase
`
`at 230 watts.
`
`The line cord is 8 ft.
`
`long and is
`
`terminated in a standard 3—wire grounded plug.
`
`Power for the Pluribus equipment is supplied via one 3—phase
`
`208/110 volt wye 60 Hz connection per rack.
`
`Each power cord is
`
`20 feet
`
`long and is terminated by a Eubbeil 45215 twistloek
`
`12;:5
`
`2-10
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 29
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 29
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`Each circuit must supply 30 amps per leg. Sufficient
`connector.
`Anna-a-An-1 t\V\/\/N nn+-1n+~n
`-PA-vn
`r7ln‘|n-nnnn--ivsm nn11-1nmnvs4-
`4—1nA Tv\F‘n4-Am TT4 (~14-9.-|r._:
`Lz\JJ.J.VCJ..l._LCI.I.J.\4C kILA.LI_.LCI L153
`.L\J.L
`\AC|.J\A.55J..LJ.5 CkiLd..Lb)J..|J.CJ.1U,
`LIl1C3
`J.J.J..LLJlJKJ 1
`V—LDLJC1J. ,
`
`and paper tape reader are provided on the Pluribus itself.
`
`(
`-
`..-..
`-
`,,
`- ....- .,.-.
`..,,,,-..,..-......
`,.-...,- _‘..,..,,
`....,_...,
`The HO R. mngft n‘r-nvidp an nnnronn-nintp nnwn-r= 71 nan _::m'!r:
`
`(located within 15 feet) for the IMP power plug and it is recom-
`
`mended that a separate fuse or circuit breaker be provided on
`
`the IMP's power line.
`
`(The Honeywell
`
`IMP normally draws about
`
`20 amps, but the line must be capable of supplying up to 30 amps.)
`
`The IMP's chassis is connected to the ground (third) lead of the
`
`power plug, which is completely isolated from the signal return
`
`(i.e., "signal ground").
`
`If at all feasible,
`
`the power to the
`
`IMP should be provided from the same transformer that delivers
`
`power to the Host
`
`in order to insure a common ground.
`
`For
`
`Honeywell equipment,
`
`three 115-VAC wall sockets (located within
`
`5 feet of the IMP) are required to power the Teletype, paper
`
`tape reader, and an IMP debugging oscilloscope used during
`
`installation and maintenance.
`
`The line for these sockets should
`
`be fused for 20 amps and should be powered from the same trans-
`
`former as the IMP, if feasible.
`
`The modem cabinet dimensions are 68-1/8" X 28” X 28"; it
`
`weighs up to 750 lbs and requires up to l5 amps of standard 115
`VAC power.
`The modem operates in an ambient environment of M00
`to l2OOF and up to 95% humidity.
`The Host must provide power
`
`for the modem from the same transformer that delivers power to
`
`the IMP.
`
`A standard 3—connector non-locking, non—twist plug is
`
`normally provided with the modem.
`
`The telephone company also
`
`recommends that a separate fuse or circuit breaker be provided
`
`on the power line to the modem.
`
`ro1—standard item that will vary from si
`
`(The auxiliary equipment is a
`In
`.-. H-‘L.-..
`1-
`f\
`-I-.l—l/'\
`-.-1
`ULLC D.L£:C .LD
`U D.LbC,
`
`generally no larger than the size of the modem cabinet and may
`
`be as small as a 2' X 3’ wall mounting.
`
`A separate power outlet
`
`will also be needed for this equipment.)
`
`2-11
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 30
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 30
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`In all, the Honeywell equipment requires six receptacles,
`
`and Pluribus machines require one receptacle per rack plus one
`
`for the modem cabinet.
`
`The site should plan to provide the power
`
`necessary for the phone company equipment after preliminary dis-
`
`cussions with the local telephone company representatives and
`
`before the circuit installation date.
`
`'
`
`‘
`
`2.3
`
`Interfacing
`
`The Host/IMP interface is subdivided into two separate units,
`
`as illustrated in Figure 2-6.
`
`
`
`SPECIAL
`HOSTI IMP
`INTERFACE
`
`STANDARD
`HOST/ IMP
`INTERFACE
`
`FIG. 2-6
`
`HOST/IMP INTERFACE
`
`5...:
`
`|"\)
`
`~.,m_
`
`-..“_| CJ1
`
`2—i2
`
`Petitionel‘ Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 31
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 31
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`The right-hand (standard) unit is built into the IMP and
`
`contains logic that is standard for all Host/IMP interfaces.
`
`The left—hand unit contains the special equipment for inter-
`
`facing directly to the particular Host.
`
`An addition to the
`
`standard Host/IMP interface is required for a distant Host.
`
`Standard signals pass on the Host cable between these two
`
`halves; all special logic and signal adjustments (which vary
`
`from Host
`
`to Host) are handled in the left—hand portion.
`
`Each participating Host will be responsible for the design
`
`and construction of its own special unit to mate to the standard
`Host/IMP interface unit.
`The logical operation of this unit
`
`will be the same, regardless of whether a Host
`
`is local or
`
`distant; however, a different electrical signaling scheme is
`
`A detailed description of
`required to handle a distant Host.
`Fl‘.1...
`...v..ts for the spe-ial Init is given in Secti n U:
`the re Iireme
`
`The very distant Host interface follows the same general
`
`philosophy of a standard interface unit at the IMP end and a
`
`special interface unit at the Host end, but uses a completely
`
`different signaling scheme as described in Appendix F. Still
`
`another Host interfacing scheme, making use of the Private
`
`Line Interface (PLI),
`
`is described in Appendix H.
`
`The Host computer and the IMP communicate by transmitting
`
`messages over the Host cable.
`
`The format for this communication
`
`has been established and is described in Section 3.
`
`Each Host
`
`is responsible for providing the necessary Network Control
`
`Program in the Host computer.
`
`An IMP test program is available for use during installa-
`
`tion and testing.
`
`In addition to checking various functions in
`
`the IMP, this program provides a mechanism for checkout Ul
`
`the
`
`Host‘s special interface.
`
`The program repeatedly transmits a
`
`2-13
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 32
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 32
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`message to the Host, a copy of which it expects the Ho
`
`return with any Host padding, or data (Section 3.5}.
`
`should plan to provide an appropriate test program to
`
`in conjunction with this IMP test program.
`
`1235
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 33
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 33
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`3.
`
`SYSTEM OPERATION
`
`3.1 Messages and Message-ids
`
`Hosts communicate with each other via regular messages.
`
`A
`
`regular message may vary in length from 96 up to 8159 bits,
`
`the
`
`first 96 of which are control bits called the leader.
`
`The leader
`
`is also used for sending control messages between the Host and
`
`its IMP.
`
`The remainder of the message is the data, or the text.
`
`For each regular message,
`
`the Host specifies a destination,
`
`consisting of IMF, Host, and handling type.
`
`These three para-
`
`meters uniquely specify a connection between source and destina-
`
`tion Hosts.
`»
`x
`l"lS
`W m
`{)3 ra.
`- -\
`uw)
`
`6U) m
`
`C)‘ (D ‘.4
`
`rx('3
`
`.
`
`t
`
`The handling type gives the connection specific
`I
`<
`:1
`'_|
`J?’ e l_J O ritv
`J
`""""
`"“""" :1
`V
`U)
`.m'FT‘ W $1) 13 m
`
`..ion
`tics.
`su_Q.h 2.: prinri .v or nrm_n
`b
`D
`)
`:-
`n .:n..a.!
`..
`,.1
`'|.._._,:|.__
`_... ..
`_...1..
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`b}_.)' UC J. )-
`I-LU.u_L
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`
`(D m
`
`“S
`11 TESS’ ‘V
`
`(1) CL.
`
`C)
`
`d.
`
`fourth parameter,
`
`to be used in future inter—network addressing.
`
`For each connection, messages are delivered to the destination in
`
`the same order that they were transmitted by the source.
`
`For each regular message,
`
`the Host also specifies a l2—bit
`
`identifier,
`
`the message—id*.
`
`The message—id,
`
`together with the
`
`destination of the message,
`
`is used as the "name" of the message.
`
`The IMP will use this name to inform the Host of the disposition
`
`of the message. Therefore, if the Host refrains from re—using
`
`a particular message—id value (to a given destination) until the
`
`IMP has responded about that message—id, messages will remain
`
`uniquely identified and the Host can retransmit them in the
`
`event of a failure within the network.
`
`* Until mid—l973 the first eight bits of the message—id field
`were called the "link".
`
`3-1
`
`12/75
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 34
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 34
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`After receiving a regular message from a Host connected to
`
`it, an IMP breaks the message into several packets (currently
`
`the maximum data bits/packet is
`
`I008)
`
`and passes these through
`
`the network in the direction of the destination. Eventually,
`
`when all packets arrive at the destination,
`
`they are reassembled
`
`to form the original message and passed to the destination
`
`The destination IMP returns a positive acknowledgment
`Host.
`ifor receipt of the message to the source IMP, which in turn
`
`passes this acknowledgment to the source Host. This acknowledg-
`
`ment is called a Ready for Next Message (RFNM) and identifies
`
`the message being acknowledged by name.
`
`In some relatively rare
`
`cases, however,
`
`the message may be lost in the network due to an
`
`IMP failure;
`
`in such cases an Incomplete Transmission message
`
`will be returned to the source Host
`
`instead of a RFNM. Again,
`
`in this case,
`
`the message which was incompletely transmitted is
`
`identified by name.
`
`If a response from the destination IMP (either RFNM or
`
`Incomplete Transmission) is itself lost in the network, this
`
`condition will be detected by the source IMP, which will auto-
`
`matically inquire of the destination IMP whether the original
`
`message was correctly transmitted or not, and repeat
`
`the inquiry
`
`until a response is received from the destination IMP. This
`
`inquiry mechanism is timeout—driven, and each timeout period may
`
`be as little as 30 or as much as 55 seconds in length.
`
`When a message arrives at its destination,
`
`the leader is
`
`modified to indicate the source Host, but
`
`the message-id field
`
`is passed through unchanged. Thus,
`
`in addition to providing
`
`message identification between a Host and its local IMP,
`
`the
`
`message—id can provide a means for Hosts to identify messages
`
`between themselves.
`
`For example,
`
`the message-id can be used for
`
`12/?5
`
`3-2
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 35
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1029, p. 35
`
`
`
`Report No. 1822
`
`Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.
`
`independent data streams, or for keeping
`multiplexing several
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`parallel" through the network.
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`If the priority bit of the handling type is set,
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`the message
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`will be expedited through the network by being placed at the
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`front of the various transmission queues it will encounter along
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`the way. This can be useful for transactions requiring minimal
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`delay (e.g., remote echoing or the exchange of control informa-
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`tion) but should be used judiciously, since the more it is used
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`the less effect each further use will have.
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`In order to prevent various types of deadlocks within the
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