`U.S. Code)
`
`IPR2015-00862
`Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent 7,202,843 - EXHIBIT 1012_Page 1
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`-
`The Authoritative Dictionary ofIEEE Standards 7_'erms—
`
`Page 4
`
`
`
`lapel microphone
`
`Laplaoe’s equation
`
`606'
`
`latch
`
`:5
`"
`
`"
`3‘
`_‘—‘
`—f
`
`matic means of communicating ideas by the use
`local signs, sounds, gestures, or marks, and rules i
`nation of admissible expressions.
`’
`,
`.
`(C) 610.13-l993w
`di!IsAP1 specification -A specification that doc-
`somcecode method, consistent with a specific.
`18 130311339. “Red by an application to access set.
`led by an application platform.
`-
`y
`"
`(C/PA) 14_l252-I996
`E (telephone switching systems) On an interns.
`an address digit that permits an originating gpell.
`in assistance in a desired language.
`(COM) 312-l9"1"7w
`rription language See: metalauguage.
`Conversational Computing An interactive pm;
`language combining ALGOL-like syntax with
`.
`(C) 610.13-1993-» 4-;
`the Expression of Associative Procedures A
`at
`glanguage based on ALGOL 60. containing set-
`"i‘
`l associative operations and datatypes.
`'
`-
`(C) 610.13-l9‘93w lg
`‘ Your Remote Instruction by Computer .'
`n application-oriented language used prirnatily " -
`(C): 610.13-1993w
`.6.;
`pendent‘ service speciiicatio A specification
`. set rfiqllhed functional semantics independent _, f‘
`: and sernantlcs of a progmmniing Ia_|1guag3_
`(C/PA) 14252-1996
`_r_endent specification The format for describing
`.
`is not tied to any specific computer language.
`'.'SCC20) 122.6-1998 5'
`emporal Ordering Specifications (LOTOS) A
`language usedfor teleconiniuiricstioiis and dis-
`(C) 6lD.l3-1993w _.
`out (dedicated-type sequential events_ record_-
`} .;
`A word description composed of alphanumeric
`id to ftutber identify inputs and their status. See
`(1’E/EDPG)[1l
`ssor (software) A computer program that trans-
`is, or performs other tasks required to process 7
`pressed in a given language. See also: compiler;
`(C) 610.12-1990
`an A standard that describes the characteristics
`used to describe a requirements specification.
`at data. See also: standard language:
`5') 610.12-1990. 610.10-l994w, 610.13-1993w
`nagement The management functionality spe-
`lmsbrnent of IEEE 802 Local or Metropolitan
`(Lwca 15802-2-1995
`ldfifdl Cfllllmlilee (1-MSC) The IEEE stan-
`-
`tse that develops LAN and MAN standards.
`(C) 610.7-I995 gr:
`
`‘V’
`munlcations architecture A communications
`at supports LAN and WAN networks.
`(C) 6103-1995
`
`Laplaee’s equation The special than taken by Poi.sson’s equa-
`tion when the volume density of charge is zero throughout
`the isotropic medium. It is A31: = 0;
`(Std100) 270-l966w
`Laplace transform (fiuiction)-(unilateral) The quantity ob-
`tained by performing the operation
`..
`.
`,F(s) = ff(r)s~='d:.
`.
`where s = Cl’ + jar. See also: feedback control system.
`.-
`=
`..
`(PE1'ED1,’G) [3]
`laptop computer A portable computer designed for use on
`- one's lap.
`‘
`_ (C) 610.2-1987, ‘6lD.l0-1994-Kw
`lap Wllldlng A winding that completes all its titans under a given
`_ pair of main poles. before proceeding to the next pair of pol.
`Note: In commutator machines the ends ofthe individual coils
`of a simplex lap winding are connected to adjacent comma.-
`tator bars: those of a duplex lap winding are connected to
`alternate cornmutator bars etc. See also: asynclirorious ma-
`chine.
`"
`-
`-'
`A
`(EECIPE) [I19]
`large ion (1) (overhead power) Ion comprised of charged par-
`ticles, liquid or ‘solid, suspended in air. ‘Typical radius is in
`the range of2 X 10“ m to 2 5! 10‘? m. Mobility is infthe
`range of 10‘9 m’/Vs to 10"’ in’/Vs. Note:_l-listoiieally, these
`have beenreferredtoasIargeorLangevinion‘s.'l'l1euseot‘
`the term “charged aerosols" in encouraged. Synonynh charged
`aerosol.
`'
`__
`'
`" '
`(T&D/PE) 539-1990
`(2) See also: charged aerosol.
`(T&DIPE) 122?-l9_90r
`" '
`largeions See: charged aerosol.
`‘
`'
`.
`I
`E‘
`-j
`large scale integration (LSD (A) Pertaining to an integrated
`circuit containing between 500 and 2x104 l1'Rll8lSl.'tJl'§'l.lllt§
`design. Contrast: ultra-large scale iritegration; medium scale
`integration; small scale integration: very large scale integra-
`tion. (B)
`to an integrated circuit containing be-
`tween 1D0 and 5,000 elements.
`.
`(C) 610.10-1994
`large signal One whose peak-to-peak amplitude is as large as
`practical but is recorded by the instrument within, butnot
`including. the maximum and minimum amplitude data codes.
`As a minimum. the signal must spun at least 90% ofthe full-
`scale range of the wavefonn recorder.
`'
`1
`.
`-_ I
`.
`(lMlWM&A) 1057-l994w
`large signal performance (1) (excitation systems for. syn-
`chronous macltines) Response of an excitation control sys-
`tem, excitation system, or elements of an excitation system
`to signals which are large enough that nonlinearitles 1_-nustbe
`included in the analysis
`the response to obtain realistic
`’
`' results.
`'
`_
`_
`_
`(PEJEDPG) 4_2l.1-19B6r
`(2) (dynamic performance of excitation systems) The re-
`sponse to signals that are large enough so that nonlincarities
`are significant.
`.
`'
`(PE/EDPG) 421.2-1990
`larry A motor-driven burden-hearing track-mounted car de-
`' signed for side_'or end damping and used for hauling material
`' such 'as coal, cake, or mine refuse;
`(PEJEECIMIN) [119]
`laser (1) (fiber optics) A device that produces optical radiation
`using a population inversion to provide Light Amplification
`by Stimulated Emission of Radiation and (generally) an op-
`tical resonant cavity to provide positive feedback. Lesa ra-
`diation may be highly coherent temporally. or spatially, or
`both. See also: injection laser diode: active laser medium:
`optical cavity.
`'
`(StdtD0) 812-l9S4w
`(2.) (laser maser) A device that produces an intense, coherent,
`directional beam of light by stimulating electronic, ionic. or
`molecular transitions to lower energy levels. Also, an acro-
`nym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radia-
`tion.
`'
`-
`.
`(1.E0).586-19Bllw
`(3) The laser produces a highly monochromatic and coherent
`(spatial and temporal) beam of radiation. A steady oscillation
`of nearly a single electromagnetic mode is maintairted in a
`volume of an active material bounded by highly reflecting
`surfaces called a resonator. The frequency of oscillation var-
`iesaccordingtotlrematerialusedandbytliemetliodsof
`initially exciting or pumping the material.
`(EECIIE) [126]
`(4) (A) A device that can generate a laserbeam. Note: "laser"
`is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emissions
`
`ofradiation; (B) Loosely,pertain.ingtoadevice that usesa
`laser beam, as in‘ a laser printer.
`-
`.(C) 610.10-1994
`laser beam-An extreinely narrow, coherent beam of.elec1ro-
`magnetic energy in the form oflight:
`-
`(C) 610.10-l994w
`la.serbeamprinterSee:la.serp1inter;
`-
`'
`'
`-—
`laser diode See: injection laser diode} 1
`laser disk An optical disk, typically 12 inches in diameter. See
`also: compact disc.
`(C) 610.10-l994w
`laser gyro A device that measures arigirlarrotation by optical
`. heterodyning‘ of intemally generated. ootmter-propagating,
`- optical beams.
`-— «
`-
`(Al-'.-‘S/GYAC) 523-1994
`lasergyroax_esLAandNAatetwoperpendicularaxesinthe
`plane ofthc laser beams. and are noimalto tlte'IA. The IRA,
`IRA, and NRA are reference axes defined with respect to the
`mounting provisions. These sites are nominally parallel to IA,
`LA. and NA, respectively. Generally, the laser gyro will have
`two 'electrodes"of one sign and’cne of the other. Plane axis
`LA‘isfirecenterlineofthelaserleg containingthesingle
`electrode. Plane axis NA is the line-in the laser beam plane
`i perpendicular to LA and biecting the leg
`= Generally, planeaxis NA can be thought ofas the-axisof
`symmetry.‘
`'
`1
`(AESIGYACJ 528-1994
`laser medium See: active laser medium.’
`' n --
`'
`.
`laser printerA nonimpact, xerographic printer that uses it laser
`beam to create a latent image which is then made visible by
`starter and transferred d fixed on paper; .S31nonym.- laser ,
`beam printer-.= -
`-
`_
`.
`(C) 610.10-l994w
`laser radar A radar whose carrier frequency is produced by a
`laser, usually in the infrared- or-visible light region.
`'
`~
`<
`-
`i--1
`-
`7. (ABS) 686-1997
`laser safety offleer (laser maser) One who is knowledgeable
`in the evaluation and control of laser hazards and has au-
`thority for supervision of the control of laser hawds.
`.
`i
`-.
`.
`-
`(LEO) 586-1980w
`.-
`laser system (laser 1naser)'An,assembly of electrical, mechan-
`ical, and optical componts which includes a laser.
`-
`.
`-_
`»’~
`‘
`*
`._
`-.
`'-
`(LEO)-586-l98Dw
`lasing inedinni (loser maser) A material emitting coherent rs-
`diation by-virtue of stiinulated electronic or molecular tran-
`sitiona to lowerenergy levels.
`7-
`('Ll.~‘.0) 5B6—l98lJw
`lasing threshold (1) (fiber optics) The lowest excitation level
`at which a last.-.r"s output is dominated by stimulated emission
`rathm tharii spontaneous ernisslonv See also: spontaneous‘
`emission; laser; stimulated emiss'ir'n1.
`— (Stdl00) B12-l984w
`(2) (laser gyro) 'l'ht-. discharge cunentat which the gain of
`the laserjust equals the losses.
`-
`1'
`(ABS/GYAC) 528-1994
`.
`last close (1) (of a file) When a process closes a file‘, resulting
`inthelilcnot being anopen filewithin any-process.~ ~-
`..
`.
`,
`-.
`.
`..
`.
`(C/PA). 9945-1-1996
`: (2) (of a file) Occurs when a process closes a file, message
`queue, orshared memory objectand this resulu in it not being
`open within any process.
`(CIPA) 1(}03.5b-1995 -
`(3)Tho act of a process closing a tile. message queue. or
`shared memory object that results in the file. message queue;
`or shared memory object no longer being open within any
`process‘.
`-
`-
`»-.
`'
`(C) 1003.5-1999
`last-in,‘ ilrst-out (A).-A technique for managing a- set of iteins
`to which additions and deletions are to be made; items are
`appendedtoono endandrettievedfrom that sameend.Sec
`' also: stack; (B) Pertaining to hsystern in which the next item
`to exit the system is the item tliathas been in the system for
`the shortest time. Synonym: first-in, last-out. Contrast: firet-
`in. lirst-out.
`-
`(C) -610.5-1990
`‘
`last-line release (telephone switching systems) Release
`control of the last line. that goes on-hook. ;
`-
`'
`.
`'_
`.
`..
`(COM) .3l2—l977w
`last transition (pulse terminology) The major transition wave-
`formofapulsewaveformbetweentltetopatidtllebase.
`,
`_
`,
`(IM/WM&A) 19.4-19Tlw
`LATASee.-localareatrar1sportarea.~ ;
`-~
`-.
`--.
`latch An attachment used to hold a fuse or switch in the closed
`position:
`(SWGIPE) C3140-1993, C3110!)-1992
`
`-
`
`'
`‘
`
`
`
`.:
`
`:;
`
`_
`:"
`
`{
`'
`
`7
`
`_
`
`-
`
`xible line of webbing. rope, wire rope, or ginp _.
`yhas aconnectorateachendforconnect.ing'
`r's body belt. aerial belt. or full body harness
`rorbing device. lifeline, or anchorage. Special
`In’-d in operations where the lanyard is subject
`ohibiled in the vicinity of energized facilities.
`(Taro/PE) 130’?-1996
`me or webbing. rope. wire rope. or strap that
`connector at each end for connecting the line-
`bells fltrlfll bell. oI'._full body harness to;an
`lg device, lifeline. or anchorage.
`.
`,1
`(NESC) C2-I99
`r A microphone adapted to positioning on the
`~
`-
`[EEC/PE) [1191
`
`
`
`Page 5
`
`
`
`latching
`
`608
`
`launch angle
`
`(2) (A)Acircuitthrrtcanbeuscdtohold data irtaready
`position. until required: usually controlled by another circuit.
`See also: latching: transparent latch. (B):A,cireuit consisting"
`of one.or more latches as in (A) that-is used to store digital
`data. See also: register.
`.
`»
`(C) 610.10-1994
`latching The process of holding data in a circuit until other
`circuits are ready to change the latch circuit.-
`=
`.
`:'-:,
`--
`_,
`_-
`r
`u
`'
`(_C') 610.10-1994-W
`latching current (1) (thyristor) 'I‘he minimum principal current
`required to maintain the thyristor in the ON-state imrnediately
`afier switching from the OFF-state to the ON-state has.oc-
`cur-red and the triggering signal has been removed. See also.-
`holding current.-
`(IAIIPC) 428-l98lw
`(2) (of a switching device)-The making current during a clos-
`ing operation irrwltich the device latches or the equivalent.
`..
`1
`.
`_
`(swo/re) C‘-37.100-1992
`_
`latching relay A relay that is so constructed that it maintains a
`given position by means of a mechanical latch until released
`mechanically or electrically.:= __:
`(SWGIPE) C37.l00—l992
`latch-in« relay. A relay that maintains its‘ contacts in- the last
`position assumed without the need of
`coi1- ener-
`gizatlon.
`;
`r
`-
`(re/arvry 43,-l9_‘l'4s
`latch-up A state in which a low-impedancepath results from
`an input, output, or supply excessive operating condition that
`u-iggers a parasitic structure and persists after the removal or
`cessation of the triggering condition.
`(ED) 1005-1993
`late mode The very last edge that propagates through a giv
`cone of logic.
`.
`~-
`-
`‘
`(CIDA) I481-I999
`latency (1) (biological electronlcs).'l‘l1e conditicar in an excit-
`able tissue dllrirlg the interval between the application of a
`stimulus and the first irrdication of a response.
`(EMIB) [47]
`(2) (electronic computation) 'I'he time between the comple-
`tionoftheinterpretationofanaddressandthe startoftbe
`actual transfer from the addressed location.
`(C) [20], [B5]
`(3) (software) The time interval between the instant at which
`an instruction control unitissuesscall fordataandthe instant
`at which the transfer ofdata is started.
`(C) 6Jo.12.199o
`(4) The time, expressed in number of symbols, it takes for _a
`signal to pass through a ring component. See also: ring la-
`tency; curnulative latency.
`,
`(CILM) 8802-5-1998
`latency adjust buffer (LAB) A firs:-in first-out (FIFO) function
`. withintlreCFBl'Uwiththeabilityt0st0reonefu1lfrarneof
`Rx Data. The LAB function insures an integral nrunber of
`frarrressrerotatingontlrc.SFODBring..
`-
`n
`.
`.
`_
`t
`,
`'
`-
`(CJBA) 1393-1999
`latent period (eleclroblology) The time elapsing between the
`application of a stimulus and the first
`of a response;
`-
`-
`_
`See also: excitability.
`_
`-
`.
`- (EMIB) [47]
`lateral compression (software) In software design, a form of
`demodularlzarion in which two or more modules that execute
`one after the other are combined into a single module: Corr-
`trasr: downward compression; upward compression:
`-
`'-
`(C)- 610.12-1990
`lateral conductor (1) A wire or cable extending in‘a general
`horizontal direction at-anangle to the general directionofthe
`line conductors.
`(T&D) C12-1960
`(2) A wire or cable extending-in a general horiaontal direction
`atanangletothegener'aldirectionoftlrelineconductors.ar1d
`entirely supported on one structure.
`l
`- (NESC) C2-1997
`lateral critical speeds (rotating machinery) The speeds at
`which the amplitudes of-the lateral vibrations of a machine
`rotor due to shaft rotation reach their maximum‘ values. See
`also: rotor.
`(PE) [9]
`lateral-cut recording See: lateral recording. .
`"
`lateral insulator (storage cell) An insulator placed between the
`plates and the side wall of the container in which the element
`is based. See also: battery.
`(PEIEEC) [119]
`lateral ofllset loss (fiber optics) A power loss caused by trans-
`verse or lateral deviation from optimum aligrunent of source
`to opricalwaveguide, waveguide to waveguide, or waveguide
`todetecror.Synonynr:trartsverseoffsetloss.
`-
`‘
`—-
`'
`(Std100) 812-l98,4w'
`
`.
`
`.
`
`I
`
`'
`
`;
`
`lateral profile (1) (radio noise lroln overhead power lines and -
`substations) The radio noise field su-ength at ground level
`plotted as a function ofthc horizontal distance from. and at
`a right angle to, the power line conductors.
`'
`.
`.
`-
`(T&D/PE) 4'30-l986w in
`(2) (over-head—power-line corona and radio noise) The pro.
`_
`file of a parameter, usually near ground level. plotted as a '
`function of the horizontal distance from and at a right angle
`to the line conductors‘. Fofexarirple‘, a lateral profile of the
`' vertical component of the electric field strength, of the radio
`noise field strength, etc.
`'
`(T&DIPE) 539-1990
`__-if
`lateral recording (lateral-cut recording) A rnechsnical m.
`cording in which the groove modulation is perpendicular to .
`‘ the motionof the recording mediirm and’parallel to the surface
`of the recording medirnn.
`’
`'
`=
`p
`Z
`- (so [32] ;
`lateral wave A wave. not predicted by geometrical optics. cx-
`7
`f
`cited at and propagated along the interface of two (possibly 1'
`lossy) dielectric media. For sufficiently large distances from
`the source. the magnitude of the field varies as the inverse
`square ofthe distance rneasured along the interface. Nate
`_Lateral'tvaveissirnilartotl1ecomponentoffl1eradioground,
`_wave_when the
`component is sepamted
`out. See. also: Norton‘ surface wave. _ (AP/PROP) 211-199‘!
`lriteral width (light distribution)
`lateral angle between the -
`referenceline and the width line. measured in the cone of
`maximum candlepower. Note: This angular width includes .
`the line of tnaxirnnm candlepower. See also: streetlighting
`(EECIIE) [125]
`p
`3
`-
`lateral working space (electric power distribution) The space
`reserved for working between conductor levels outside the 4
`clirnbing space. and to its right and lefl. See also: tower.‘
`..
`_~-. A--
`i
`,.r
`(ET/AV)[34]
`late relay contacts Contacts that open or close after other con-
`tactsrwhen tbe:relay is operated.
`-.
`.-
`.-
`(EECIREE) [87]
`Ltt'l'eX A text-fcumattlng language based on TeX.
`‘
`=.
`-
`(C) 610.13-l993w :-
`Irtttice (1) (navigation) A pattem of identifiable intersecting
`lines of position, which lines are laid down by a navigation 3 *
`aid. See also.‘ navigation‘.
`_
`(AESIRS) 636-1982s, [421
`(2) A partial ordering imposed on a structure of model enti-
`ties.
`'
`-
`'
`__
`(scc2o)_'1232.1—1997
`channeling (gennaniunr gamma-ray detectors)
`lattice
`(charged-particledetectors) (in a semiconductor radiation ;_
`
`r
`
`t
`
`oftherate ofenergy lossofionizing
`‘directional
`(NPS) 325-_l9_S_6s, 300-19182.1
`_.
`particles‘. ,‘
`lattice network. A network composed of four branches’_con-
`nected in series to farm a mesh.two nonadjacentjtmction
`points serving as input terminals, while the remaining two
`jpnction points serve as output See also: networlr
`analysis.“
`-
`.
`.
`,
`
`
`
`Thejuttdtlonpolntsbertvsenbranclrsstand 1 andhatweorts
`and2 areths lnputtermlrtals; theiwtctlonoolnts between
`branchestsnd3endberween'brsnches2snd4a,rethecut-
`‘
`.: purrsrmlnsls.
`lattice natttrorlr
`
`-
`(Stdl00) 270-1966w
`launch angle (fiber optics) The angle between the light input
`propagationvectorarrdtheopticalaxisofan opticalliberor
`fiber bundle. See also: launch numerical aperture.
`‘
`'
`(Std1O0) - 812-l984w
`
`-
`
`- conductor) A phenomenon thatiresults in a" crystallographic
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`._-r.__——'—+'.....-..._........'
`
`Page 6
`
`
`
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`W
`5?}
`-«-
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`IEEE 100 : the authoritative dictionary of IEEE standards tenns.——7th ed.
`p. cm.
`
`ISBN 0-7381-2601-2 (paperback: alk. paper)
`1. Electtic engineering—-Dictionaries. 2. EleclIonics—Dictiana.1'ies.—3. Computer
`engineering-—Dictiona1'ies. 4. Electric enginee1ing—Acronyms. 5. Electronics—Acronyms.
`6. Computer engineering—Acronyrns. 1. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
`
`TK9 .128 2000
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`Page 7
`
`
`
`fractional err-or
`
`fractional fixed point
`
`455
`
`Frame relay
`
`ritching systems) The wire
`rleeve wires) used for trans-
`sary in the establishment or
`(COM) 3l2—l9Tlw
`oop performance) Consists
`:arrying signals in opposite
`(COMITA) 820-19841-
`
`(PE) 599-1985w
`nission) A two-way circuit
`the electric waves are trans-
`one path and in the other
`lote: The transmission paths
`(PE) 599-l985w
`n pairs of conductors are set
`.th. See also: dial-up circuit;
`foreign exchange circuit
`(C) 6103-1995
`tdset having separate trans-
`
`(COMITA) 1206-1994
`ssion) A telephone repeater
`in which there are two cur-
`circuit and the other serving
`in the other side of the four-
`(PE) 599-l9B5w
`system consisting of three
`
`(PE/EDPG) 665-1995
`itching systems) Switching
`', or time interval for each
`(COM) 312-1977*»
`ransmission) A hybrid set
`
`(PE) 599-l985w
`h four-wire circuits are ter-
`' interconnection with two-
`by which a four-wire equiv-
`
`(C) 610.7-1995
`\ small region at the center
`degrees, that contains cones
`
`(EEC/IE) [126]
`
`; A quantum-mechanical ef-
`through a barrier region in
`es and emerge in the con-
`sult of an extemally applied
`(ED) 1005-1998
`
`irregular shape
`ll three-dimensional shapes
`
`(C) 610.6-l99lw
`arithmetic) The field of the
`
`(C/MM) 754-l985r
`In floating point arithmetic,
`that lies to the right of its
`t084—1986w
`ary numeral with the binary
`.1e left end, representing a
`(C) 1084-l986w
`.e magnitude of the ratio of
`(l'MfHFlM) 314-197Iw
`
`fractional fixed point Pertaining to fixed-point numeratlon sys-
`tem in which each number is represented by a numeral with
`the radix point (expressed or implied) at
`the left end. All
`numbers greater than or equal to one must be scaled accord-
`ingly.
`(C) 1084-l986w
`fractional-horsepower brush (rotating machinery) A brush
`with a cross-sectional area of 1/4 square inch (thickness x
`width) or less and not exceeding 1 1/2 inches in length, but
`larger than a miniature brush and smaller than an industrial
`brush. See also: brush.
`(PE) [9]
`fractional-horsepower motor (rotating machinery) A motor
`built in a frame smaller than that of a motor of open construc-
`tion having a continuous rating of 1 horsepower at 1700-1800
`revolutions per minute. See also: direct—current commutating
`machine; asynchronous machine.
`(PE) [9]
`fractional-slot winding (rotating machinery) A distributed
`winding in which the average number of slots per pole per
`phase is not integral, for example 3 2/7 slots per pole per
`phase. See also: direct-current commutating machine; asyn-
`chronous machine.
`(PE) [9]
`fragility (nuclear power generating station) (seismic quali-
`fication of Cls IE equipment) (seismic testing of relays)
`Susceptibility of equipment to malfunction as the result of
`structural or operational limitations, or both.
`(SWGIPE/NP/PSR) 380-1975w, C3'7.9B-1977s. 344-1975s,
`C37. I00-[992
`
`fragility level (nuclear power generating station) (seismic
`qualification of Class IE equipment) (seismic testing of
`relays) The highest level of input excitation, expressed as a
`function of input frequency, that a piece of equipment can
`withstand and still perform the required Class IE functions.
`(SWGIPE/PSR/NP) C3'l‘.98-1977s,C37.l00-1992,
`(237.81-1989r, 344-1975s
`fragility response spectrum (FRS) (nuclear power generat-
`ing station) (seismic qualification of Class 1E equipment)
`(seismic testing of relays) A TRS (test response spectrum)
`obtained from tests to determine the fragility level of equip-
`ment. See also: test response specI:t'um.
`'
`(SWG/PE/PSRJNP) C3798-1977s, C3'l.8l-1989r,
`344-19755, C37.100-I992
`Frame A unit of data transmission on an IEEE 802 LAN MAC
`that conveys a protocol data unit (PDU) between MAC Ser-
`vice users. There are three types of frame: untagged, VL.AN-
`mgged, and priority-tagged.
`(C/LM) 802.1Q—l998
`frame (1) (television) The total area, occupied by the picture,
`that is scanned while the picture signal is not blanked.
`(2) (facsimile) A rectangular area, the width of which is the
`available line and the length of which is determined by the
`service requirements.
`(BTICOMIAV) [34], 168-1956w
`(3) (test, meaurement, and diagnostic equipment) A cross
`section of tape containing one bit in each channel and pos-
`sibly a parity bit. Synonym: tape line.
`(MIL) [2]
`(4) (data) (data transmission) A set of consecutive digit time
`slots in which the position of each digit time slot can be iden-
`tified by reference to a framing signal.
`(PE) S99-l985w
`(5) (telecommunications circuits and systems) A cyclic set
`of consecutive timeslots in which the relative position of each
`timeslot can be identified.
`(COM/TA) 1007-l99lr
`(6) A component of the module that provides structural sup-
`port and enhanced thermal performance.
`(C/BA) 1101.7-I995
`(7) (A) A group of digits transmitted as a unit that canies a
`protocol data unit on a network. (B) A unit of transmission
`at the data link layer or, sometimes. the physical layer.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`(8) A set of consecutive time slots in which the position of
`each time slot can be identified by reference to a framing
`signal.
`(C/BA) 1393-1999
`(9) A transmission unit that carries a protocol data unit (PDU)
`on the ring.
`(C/LM) 8802-5-1998
`(10) (local area networks) The logical organization of con-
`trol and data fields (e.g., addresses. data, error check se-
`(C) 8802-12-I998
`quences) defined for a MAC sublayer.
`
`(11) A continuous transmission of octets from one station
`[bedside communications controller (I-ICC) or device com-
`munications controller (DCC)] to the other station. A Physical
`layer frame is also referred to as a Physical layer protocol
`data unit (PhPDU). The Physical layer senrice data unit
`(PhSDU) passed between the Data Link layer and the Physical
`layer consists of the data octets portion of the frame. The
`PhSDU consists of an integral number of binary octets. The
`frame consists of these octets, plus other encoded symbols
`that are added by the Physical layer. For low-speed operation,
`each octet consists of a binary-encoded start bit, eight data
`bits, and a stop bit. The first octet of a low-speed frame con-
`sists of a flag octet. The last octet of a low-speed frame is
`"either a flag octet or an abort octet. For high-speed operation,
`each octet consists of eight Manchester biphase-encoded data
`bits. For high-speed operation, each octet also has a start de-
`limiter and either an end delimiter or an abort delimiter, in-
`dicating the beginning and end of individual frames, respec-
`tively. The operation of concatenating the delimiters to the
`data octets is perfon-ned by the Physical layer.
`(EMB/MIB) l073.4.l-2000
`(C) 610.6-l99lw
`(12) See also: display frame.
`(C/LM) 802.1G-1996
`(13) See also: MAC frame.
`frame alignment The state in which the frame of the receiving
`equipment is synchronized with respect to that of the received
`signal.
`(COM/TA) 1007-l99lr
`frame alignment signal The distinctive signal(s) inserted in
`every frame or once in :1 frames, always occupying the same
`relative position(s) within the frame, and used to establish and
`maintain frame alignment.
`(COMfI'A) 1007-I991r
`frame bits (f-bits) See also: frame alignment signal.
`(COMITA) 1007-I991‘:
`
`frame buffer See: bit map.
`frame check sequence (1) The field immediately preceding the
`closing delimiter of a frame. The FCS used is the 16 b poly-
`nomial defined by the cyclic redundancy check sequence
`specified by ITU-T (RC—l'TU-'I'). This field allows the detec-
`tion of errors by the receiving station.
`'
`(EMBIMIB) 1lJ73.3.I-1994
`(2) A field in a bit-oriented protocol frame containing the re-
`mainder of the cyclic redundancy check calculation on the
`contents of the frame.
`(C) 6103-1995
`(3) (local area networks) A Cyclic Redundancy Check
`(CRC) used by the transmit and receive algorithms to detect
`errors in the bit sequence of a MAC frame.
`(C) 8802-I2-1998
`frame check sequence error An error in which the frame check
`sequence value contained in a received frame does not match
`the frame check sequence value calculated by the receiver.
`See also: cyclic redundancy check.
`(C) 6103-1995
`framed plate (storage cell] A plate consisting of a frame sup-
`porting active material. See also: battery.
`(EECIPE) [ll9]
`frame, DSl See: DSI frame.
`frame frequency (television) The number of times per second
`that the frame is scanned. See also: television.
`(EEC/PE) [I19]
`frame grabber An input device for digitizing, transferring and
`storing video frames, such as TV signals, in a computer. See
`also: frame store.
`(C) 610.10-l994w
`frame, intermediate distributing See: intermediate distribut-
`ing frame.
`frame, main distributing See: main distributing frame.
`frame rate (data transmission) The repetition rate of the
`frame.
`(PE) 599-l985w
`frame relay A fast packet switching technology that provides
`a virtual circuit servioe relaying variable-size frames but only
`employing physical layer and data link layer protocols. See
`also: cell relay.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`Frame relay The function of the Forwarding Process that for-
`wards frames between the Ports of a Bridge.
`‘
`(CILM) 802. 1