`
`von Soemmerring's Telegraph
`
`Early Wired Telegraphy
`
`Samuel Thomas von Siimmering's "Space Multiplexed" Electrochemical Telegraph
`(1808-10)
`
`
`
`(From Semaphore to Satellite,Published by the International Telecommunication Union, Geneva 1965)
`
`The von Soemmerring electrochemical telegraph demonstrated to
`the Munich Academy of Science in 1809, uses a single wire for
`each of the letters of the alphabet.
`
`In 1808-10 a complex telegraphic system, based on an electrochemical
`current, was designed and demonstrated before he Munich Academy of
`Science by Samuel Thomas von Sommering (1755-1830).
`Commissioned by Margrave Leopold of Bavaria, an ally of Napoleon,
`von Soemmerring's telegraph consist thirty-five wires, one for each
`letter of the alphabet and one for each number. At the transmitting end
`of his system, arrangements are provided for passing currents from a
`"voltanic pile" through any one of the signal wires. At the receiving
`end each wire is connected to one of a series of thirty-five electrodes
`that are immersed in an acid bath. Completion the circuit caused the
`evolution of bubbles of hydrogen at the electrode corresponds to a
`
`http://people.seas.harvard.edu/~jones/cscie129/images/history/von_Soem .htm |
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - EX. 1027, p. 1
`
`1/2
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1027, p. 1
`
`
`
`2/24/2015
`
`von Soemmerring's Telegraph
`
`particular letter or a number.
`
`"...Sommering learned the technique from Francisco Salva, who had
`developed a similar instrument in 1804 in Barcelona. sommering used
`stronger batteries and was thus able to transmit over a distance of 3.5
`kilometres. Salvas telegraph used an electric cable for each letter.
`Every cable was connected to an electrode which was immersed in a
`glass tube filled with acid. The second electrodes were connected to the
`return cables. When Salva sent an electric curent along a particular
`cable, it led to electrolysis at the other end: This released gas bubbles in
`the tube which showed which letter was meant. ..." (Source)
`
`This page was prepared and is maintained by R. Victor Jones
`Comments to: z'ones@deas.harvard.edu.
`
`Last updated September 18, 1999
`
`http://people.seas.harvard.edu/~jones/cscie129/images/history/von_Soem .htm |
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - EX. 1027, p. 222
`
`Petitioner Apple Inc. - Ex. 1027, p. 2
`
`
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