United States Patent
`
`1191
`
`BEST AVAILABLE CUPS:
`
`V [1 1]
`
`3,888,325
`
`Reinbeck
`[45] June 10, 1975
`
`154]
`
`MOTOR-DRIVEN VEHICLE WITH HYBRID
`
`INTERNAL COMBUSTION AND
`
`[75]
`
`1731
`
`[22]
`
`[21]
`
`[63]
`
`[301
`
`152l
`[51]
`1581
`
`[561
`
`ELECTRICAL DRIVE
`Inventor: Hans Reinbeck, Stuttgart, Germany
`
`Assignee: Robert Bosch G.m.b.H.,
`Gerlingen-Schillerhohe, Germany
`
`Filed:
`
`Feb. 20, 1974
`
`Appl. No.: 444,121
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`Continuation of Ser. No. 256,102, May 23, 1972,
`abandoned.
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`July 6, 1971
`Germany ............................ 2133485
`
`U.S. Cl. ................................. 180/65 A; 290/45
`Int. Cl. .............................................. B60k 1/00
`Field of Search ......... 180/65 A, 65 R; 318/230;
`290/20, 45
`
`References Cited
`UNITED STATES PATENTS
`
`1,410,276
`1,664,562
`1,824,014
`2,506,809
`3,205,965
`3,211,249
`3,568,022
`
`3/1922
`Stephenson ....................... 180/65 A
`4/1928
`Jensen ...........
`180/65 A
`
`9/1931
`Froclich ............. 180/65 A
`5/1950 Nims ............... 180/65 A
`
`Roth .......................... 180/65 A
`9/1965
`Papst ............................. 180/65 A
`10/1965
`3/1971
`Domaun ............................. 318/230
`
`Primary Examiner—David Schonberg
`Assistant Examiner—David M. Mitchell
`
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Flynn & Frishauf
`
`[57]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`A dynamo electric machine is connected, over a claw
`clutch, to the driving wheels of the vehicle; an internal
`combustion engine is connected over a slip clutch with
`the shaft of the electric motor,
`to permit selective
`drive of the vehicle either electrically, or by the inter-
`nal combustion engine and, upon suitable intercon—
`nection of the dynamo electric machine, simulteneous
`re-charging of a storage battery when the vehicle is
`not driven by the dynamo electric machine acting as a
`motor.
`
`1,402,250
`
`1/1922
`
`Pieper ............................... 180/65 A
`
`7 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures
`
`
`
`Page 1 of5 I
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`FORD 1979
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`1
`1
`
`i
`
`7
`
`-
`A
`
`‘ lOTOR-DRlV"N "E'rllC' E WITH "YBRID
`l..TER....L COMBJSJVN AND ELECTRICAL
`DRWE
`
`he shp or first clutch 1s disengaged, the dynamo elec—
`tric machine acts as a mo.or to dr1ve the w..eels.
`...1s
`mode of operation may b us a for xample when the
`vehicle is operating 1'1 a densely populated area. Upon
`5 engaging ofthe slip clutch, thein ternal combustion en-
`This application is a continuation of U. S. Ser. No.
`-:.-,; :- ,...-.---1-,1 1- 11_- --1-- -1-_-1-.. ._c11.- _1..._,._1_ . _11-
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`5|“ lb LUII ICLLCU LU LIIC IULUI blldll Ul lIIC UyIIdIIlU CIC "
`AJU, JUL,
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`l7IL, IIUW dUdIIU JIICU. th 83
`tric mt,-hi..e and further te t..e drive wheels of t..e ve..i—
`reference t
`d p,
`3.5
`cle. it the internal commbustion engine1s:uf'iciently
`“,593,l6l,
`'9
`power.ul, t.e electrical m1.c..ine wn n1”! .unction as a
`e
`i
`.
`The present 1 ve
`'
`otor veh1cle which it) generatortto chaurge the ‘ atterery thus loadinng the inter—
`more particular‘y to t' e drive of a
`1nr‘ll ripe a
`i
`tpr '
`I nnml‘u ctil n pnninp and a rlunnmn
`nlnl nrxmknchnn nnninn 1111+k n l:\nrl “Junk nAnnIImn1~ Hun,
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`electr1c macmne, suppl eo Irom a secondary battery.
`power necessary to drive the veh‘cle as we’l as the
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`in
`f
`1: drive: c of} In
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`.
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`’PLI
`the wheels 13 dr1ven by an electr1c motor Such electr1c
`ationccan be selected when the motor vehicle is in rural
`meters are dr1ven from a battery which is to be charged 15 environment, or in loc-‘tions "'here a greater centssicn
`from a generator The generator
`ay be driven by 'n
`of nox1ous exhaust can be tolerated
`:1-14rnv‘v‘nl an
`11
`«1 annino Ciao +114 "downnl nnmknn
`IF nnntsnnnrul
`«A ‘Iv‘r‘l‘m Amn-nn..n.
`“Agribu-um 11...
`I ILUIIICII \«k’IIIUUOLI
`II UIIEIIIV- UIIIU LIIL;
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`IIUVDDDOI)’, QIIU uIlUUl U IICIEC [by LU luIlIUIlb, LIIC
`
`
`
`atterv by
`1nternal combustion engine can charge the
`tion engine 15 loadedoON, by the generator heeinnternal
`urivmg the dynmno electr1c *nachne when, in accor-
`c0111hustion engine can be operated at a substantially
`constant speed with substantially constant
`loadinng 20 dance with a feature of the 1nvention, the claw or sec-
`thereon .Tliis pe 1 its reducing the 1‘: “51011 Of t‘OXiOuS
`Or’d Clutch 'o‘tween tl’e drlve Sh"ft ’f‘the dynamo elec-
`exhaLst to a m1n1._Irn. Motor vehicles which are so
`tric machine and Le driven wheels is disengaged. This
`equipped may also operate over short stretches w1thout
`second or claw clutch is pre"erably so made t' at 1t can
`_
`.
`-
`.
`.
`.
`11 m
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`-.
`any use of t..e internal cu...bustion engine at all, t..e
`be ope.ated o..ly when .he motor Jehicle is stopped.
`electr1c motor belng dr1ven Irom the battery alone, 43 lhe second clutch 15 then disconnected, and the lust
`111:I>‘r\t\11f rn nknrndnn 1kg Luann".
`nIn+n
`nnnnanfar‘ on 141-1? Hun "no man] on mku of;nr1 nn_
`WIlIIU L 111-1411115111; LIIU Ualely
`UIULMII UUIIIIVVLVU, DU LIIQL LIIU IllLbI ”cu DUIIIUL‘ISIJUII UII
`A drive of this tvyepeof motor vehicle is comparatwely
`gine w111 drive on y the dynamo electric machin e.Th1s
`expensive since it requires two electric "notor", 11a111ely
`part1cular form of the I’i‘ eat1oa permits savingeat" an
`a drive motor and a generator to charge the battery.
`add1t1onal starteemrmotor for the internal combustion en~
`’10
`1.
`,
`1 ,
`,1.
`.11 -c11--
`_ _--_- .1 ._ -.-1:- _ 1- ---..:-1- _-
`-__.- _--_. -11 111L-.- 11-- ..... .1 -1. 1...,1- :-
`--------
`t1.-
`It lb dn U JC I. UI Ul
`ICbCI l
`II VC ILIUII LU PIUVIUC d. "" EIIIC db C”. W IICII LIIU DULUIIU LIULLIII mSCIIg'ngU LIIC
`..ybr1d drive for motor vehicles In whic.. the adv-.__tag_.s
`dynamo electr1c mach1__e c... be .1sed -s a motor to
`of hybrid dr1ve w1th respect to lownnoxious exhaust
`Start t' e internal combustion engme, and, a"ter
`tart-
`emission are re.amed 1..'1t..out increasi..g the costs of
`mg, the 1nter..al combLstio.. eng.ne ca.. be Ltilized to
`the power plant for t' e veh1cle
`operate the dynamo electric machme as a generator to
`e..1..-,.1 mam" ":11... “mm.” human... 12.1..
`.1 r1.._ 35 “mum lofnr nmmmm mo +111: Annomn Dinah-m mun mg.
`JUU GUI IIIaLLbI UL LIIV PIMDDIIL IIIVUllLlUll. Ul lull
`Pvlllllt lukvl VIJvluLlUll Ul tllv \J
`llulllV \alvblllv lllublllllv
`9 u U]
`
`.1
`
`as a motor tom the stored electr1c energy
`namo electric machine is opperable both in generator
`”PI—1n
`:n‘rt‘v‘f‘t‘v‘ null Ln AAnn-:L1n,I L111 111nm A? A‘InMnlA
`“-4- -- . -II ,-.. ._- __.-11”....n4- n.1,! Lnn
`”LI
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`ay 111 c a “P1“
`I lch db WUII as 11 llULUl
`IIUU , a 11.1 110. a uUUU16-611u6u
`with reference to he accompanying drawings. wherein
`drive s___f_ co_.nected intermediate between the driven
`It‘ll“
`1.. n L:,.Ll.. ”ALAflnh- A:,..~—-,-... .J-‘tL- __Ao-_ .
`,-
`1
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`..1-_._-_.l --_-I-..-1:-_- A..-:_--
`FIU. 1 lb (1 “lg Hy DLIIUIIIdLlL U (151d. 11 U1 LII
`IIULUI VC-
`Wfleels OI a VCHILIC H] U UIC I
`ll.
`1 I‘ll LU IIUUDLIU I C Igl It}, A“
`to form 21..
`intermediate portion of Le pow; drive 4” htcle dr1ve. all port1ons of the mot,r vehicle not n.ces-
`train The vehicle carriesa storage battery, that is, a
`sary to at urdersta‘dtr g of the 1nvent1ve concept hav-
`WW......., w.....,,
`.....
`.,
`,
`n J
`D
`1
`cAnnnrtnrv hattpru tn «an nnwer from and SLnnlv
`1__a been omitted' and
`power to the dynamoee'ectric machine. lvleans are pro
`FIG. A 15 a scnematic diagram of a modification of the
`11.14514 1n nnclfix 1:111: nnnnpnt nr d1cnnnnpnt
`1 lithn1 f ehn
`a ranopmp f i
`ar‘r‘nrd r101: wlth FIG I
`Vluvu LU ruin-1,111.1 vVIIIIvvr, u
`uvvlll:\:vu, 1:11.1uu.‘u..y, A; “1:11bv111v..- -..'..y:,u:\1... ..
`1.
`.
`-.
`.
`.
`‘ , ‘
`the end ot the dynamo electr1c mac 1ne directed to- "
`l e motor veh1c1e has a pair or dr1ven whee s 10, be—
`_A,. é‘an Ar:ull}v\ "Jungle fn alarm: the Hunomn planfrin
`fuznnn 117
`in 9 r" prpnhal Izic arrannnr‘ In nrncl‘ nnm-
`wa1ua MIC Ullvb I Wllvu1o 1.11 11111;.» 1.111, u llulllu Ulvvtllv
`vavvll vvlllvllu ullAvlelLIul Au I1) ullulxbvu. “11.1.4111“: vaII
`
`machine 1n fixed wheel driving connectionin the drive
`1-,.:..
`E“. -11“... -Afinnnhnn many-10 urn nrnquoA fn onlo ;
`111111.
`l u1111c1 1,1.)
`1 161,111)“ “luaua cuv I"
`11.11.14 1.11 91,1111.
`
`connected
`has an output s a t 1
`bust1on engme 1
`nunr a 1rcf nlnrnln 1 I fn c aft onrl IR A? o r‘nnk'lngnnr‘nrl
`11va u Allot vnuu.u 111 1.1.1 gnu“. wIIu nu u; u. uuuulv ulluvu
`
`tively, and independently from the positive connection _A sha t of the rotor ot dynamo electric machime 2. The
`“I“, __-11 .,-11 --------1 11M -11..-..
`,1 c111,. M1. 1? c 3” Anna.“- olanwtn manna“, 11 11”,.
`1,1,1 1,.
`1. 11......
`meat 5 grauuauy LUHHCLL ulc U111c1 Gnu 01 1.115 Suau VI
`11 nan-11 11111111111. unapuuiv 1a In pu1111€C1~u
`111 at 11311171
`.
`L
`e
`y
`el
`,ach'
`t
`17. Rotor shaft end 18’13 connected over a claw or sec—
`
` “ T 16: 1:01 1 cc ior oetw‘eet dyn- 1 o electr1c
`FORD 1979
`
`1acnine
`J” 12 ad b..ttery 17 can be bro__e__ at points X—X' and
`connected, as seen in FlG. 2, over an 1nverter 25 to bat-
`tery 17.
`lnver.er 25,
`i..
`tur.., can be con.rolled by
`sepeed, control paramete
`0" he 1nternal combustion
`gradual andvariable connection means typically are a
`1311111111: 1n onr] nf‘aor naromnfnrc on Ancnr;knr‘l In {LA
`-1- ,- g1_.1-1_
`’T‘L -----------
`vnhn Anornfdnn n? 11kg
`bllp LIULLII
`lIlIb dIIdIIgCIIICIlL p6‘n1ts 1_)|.11.1I1:11.I1,-UII= U1 1.111.: 60 311511111 Av, Lulu ULuv1 ya1ulllv1vlo uo fifoyluiuu “I, gun,
`a:(onnfi.1:n’11c1.o~m IL
`{—1)}..ng electriric machine asavariable sepeed dr1ve and
`tOrregoing crossreferenced patents
`Pat. Nos.
`J,JUO,ULL, J, .17.), 11.11, J, IJI,IU7.
`Three moodes of operation immediatel
`
`F1rst mode: Utilized primarily for urban or densely
`settled envirnnmenfq where minimum pmieeinn nf' nrnr-
`
`IOUS exhaust IS important. first Clutch 1 l d1sconnected,
`
`Page 3 of 5
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`FORD 1979
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`

`

`A...
`In Inca 9 an t of n? a Ail-ant m. An? monklna n4: amml
`IO Iva») LII‘III LIIuL VA u UIIVVI.
`\r
`VIII.
`IIIUJ—IIIIIV Ul Ukluul
`
`powe rooutputsothatthe additional equipment 'or the
`inverter may not require more size, ‘weight or cost than
`a simrlar direct Cerent macnme=
`
`All known control systems f0 use w1th direct current
`- n he used, for example controlled by resis-
`f the ield, or pulse control by means of
`Inn-Conn-n Can-3n“ .u- “In-no Ilvnulnr‘
`\v- n:\m
`ll Ilal “3 Ubllkb II allulll W\IUIIU \Il Lkllll‘
`
`UI
`
`
`
`t1onal ower to cl1mb steep hllls, o for rapid accelera-
`nn kn nkntnAI‘ kn nnlAhin-«nllu (\I\nnnr\+|nn flan Au_
`LIUII Call UM UULaIIIbU LI uuulll\lllull‘y \«UIIIIMVLIIIE Lllh u
`'
`and
`'
`
`15
`
`s can be used.
`1,:
`.LflAI.:,.
`I
`J J_Z_._ .....I- .4 t.,_cc.
`U UIIVC bybl‘l l
`l
`)I It [01 V 'HILICb INT”: lUCh
`
`rime mover anc drrve train The previ—
`.
`generator in customary htbrid driycs is
`not necessary. Nevertheelesss, shorter stretches can he
`9 Amuccinn {in
`“mas-u“ .u. v
`
`a
`t
`s
`.
`quired to drr1ve the motor veh1cle alone (In t e absence
`of dynamo electric machine 12) so t..at the mac..ine 12
`b
`'
`e
`10"Fl
`
`o
`r t e i
`t
`loading in t..e lC engine .rom the droiinxen wheels de—
`creases, the portion
`‘
`‘
`
`
`5c
`
`obile installation
`uuuwuwut tau-nun“,
`nknfnmnnf nrr'Hnor-Ina
`nlfillnrl bu Ono-uninn
`lulllllvu v} VPUIuLIIIE nu.
`ted areas In sub--marines,
`g utiliwarl fnr qnhmpraed
`
`boatsselectricallynear popul
`
`DJ ‘Lh
`
`0') E s:(a
`
`einternal combustion engine Will
`a Ann of:
`u UPDI‘ALIGII.
`
`Various changes and modifications may be made
`i.:5;
`
`
`l
`IlrSl ClulCh 11 IS enga
`bustion engine 10 w
`
`engagement 0 tnec1utch 1
`
`Thu-d mnrlp- Leiftiltized tn nhas
`
`operation of the vehicle.
`..u v...
`e'the batterv when t
`
`Iransm1ss10n,i
`a gpped ulhgn I;
`over direct driV
`u quuv.
`p .nn .
`
`0:”.Am ”A “4‘A...
`uIiru IIIOu€ 0:. up
`n aniyvrnr‘
`firs clutch 11 is engageed I
`VII VII UII'
`9—15m0:3“WH(IQ(DO. O“97FFH(DH< m5"OE.D. C‘-(D H(D OD"m'1(TO(DD. 0"
`A ..................... AA
`A
`“nglglllg dPPdldlub LUlHleleU tU
`charging operation does not
`
`... 6““,
`
`)-I‘5‘
`
`tlon englne
`no
`no
`0h;
`17 n
`vnnuv ‘ .1, urlv
`
`
`starting motor
`
`
`
`hree-phase asynchronou
`p
`11
`P
`‘
`re”erenced patents). The direct current machine can DC
`n
`11
`r
`pt...u WWW, V...
`..W , -.. -. a .. ..... r .....
`Gnara[we]! Airnntlu
`m qu u I
`If 9 m1 “thacp
`
`asynchronous machine, such as a three-r nase macmne
`:n nnlinn
`n nonnrnffi unuartnr nurnnlf 1c rpnIIIrF-r'
`ID ULIIILVU, a DMPGLGLV IIIV \rl EVA Ullvull Io Ivulu-Avu Ally
`
`weight and size of three-phase asynnschronou mcmnes
`
`L71 L71
`
`0‘ 4_,
`
`65
`
`._S.
`
`
`
`inr-I'— .
`
`n. 233CI‘12
`
`fnrA‘Iv
`MI
`(D:‘~':r
`v91] an
`l0 S€I€CLI
`('9:xa.
`nect, or disconnect, without 22.'5 o3('0
`A(D
`I'
`FF.—.—
`Fr:I‘(11
`
`ES‘fl)in::1C
`
`'a.. ‘<:1 A}El 0
`BoHo
`(D
`
`
`nection in the drive train;
`
`'1
`H cc
`
`0"fi
`
`Page 4 of 5
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`FORD 1979
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`FORD 1979
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`

`
`
`:38wava a::3f3.-(D(D
`D3r"Cr—i»
`
`
`U211 connection means
`i 4
`can" nnc‘hun r‘nnnnnh:\
`oulu Fuul l'v wVlulybtl\l l ulyuua
`B :o' O
`(D O o:5 3 (D O2",o:1 3(D L5U‘
`:3
`3
`onnectio ofsaid positiv
`g:
`n (D
`C)an
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`OH
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`
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`
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`nn
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`uvvuuu xnuuuo,
`
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`\ naauaAA «*4 «Lu...
`} 3LUPPCU, auu lllcll
`nternal combustion en-
`llltelilal COmb
`e
`
`10
`
`rd(3
`
`lective p0SlIlVC connec‘uonam
`3 Conveyance accnrdig
`gradual connection means
`
`25
`
`LA)
`
`L») LII
`
`40
`
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`
`50
`
`UI UI
`
`ChCD
`
`(3\m
`
`Page 5 of 5
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`FORD 1979
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`Page 5 of 5
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`FORD 1979
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