The New Uxford
`American Dictionary
`
`SECOND EDITION
`
`~~ce~v~o
`MAY - 5 2009
`Cooley GodwaM FCranlsh LLp
`$F Libt~ry
`
`u~ksr et~rr~oN
`
`Elizabeth J. Jewell
`Frank Abate
`
`SECOND EAl"1'lON
`
`Erin McKean
`
`aa~o~
`
`urrrv~itsi~rY i~Rrss
`
`2005
`
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`o~o~
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`UNIVERSITY P1tE5S
`
`Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further
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`"I'he first edition of the l~~ew Orford A»iericarr Dictionary was based nn The lti'ezu Orford
`Dictionary oJ'Eriglish, published in the United Kingdom in 1998.
`Copyright '~'~ ?005 by Oxford University Press, Inc.
`Published by Oxford University Press, Inc.
`198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York, 10016
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`Oxford University Press
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`The new Oxford American dictionary.-- ?nd ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN-13 978-0-19-517077-1
`1. English language--United States--Dictionaries. 2.
`Americanisms--Dictionaries.
`PE1628.N429 2005
`423'. I--dc22
`
`2005000941
`
`This book includes some words that are, or are asserted to be, proprietary names c>r
`trademarks. Their inclusion does not imply that they have acquired for legal
`purposes a nonproprietary or general significance, nor is any other judgment
`implied concerning their legal status, In cases where the editor has some evidence
`that a word is used as a proprietary mime or trademark, this is indicated by the
`designation trademark, but no judgment concerning the legal status of such we>rels is
`made or implied thereby.
`
`10 9 8 7 6 5
`Printed in the United States of America nn acid-free paper
`
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`
`seizing
`seizing ~'seziNG~ ►n. archaic Nautical a length of cord
`or rope used for fasteuiug or tying.
`seizure ~'sezHar~ ►n. 1 the action of capturing some-
`one or something using force: the seiaure of the Assem-
`bly building ~ the Nnzi seizure of powzr. ~ the action of
`confiscating or impounding property by warrant of
`legal right. 2 a sudden attack of illness, esp. a
`stroke or an epileptic fit: the yatient had a seizure.
`se•jant ~'sejent~ ►adj. (nsu. postpositiveJ Heraldry (of an
`lnimal) sitting upright. date 15th cent.: alteration
`of an Old French variant of sennt 'sitting,' from the
`verb seoir, from Latin sedere `sit.'
`Sejm ~sam~ (also Seym) ►n. the lower house of par-
`liament in Poland. ~' Polish.
`Sekh•met ~'sekmet~ Egyptian Mythology a ferocious
`lioness-goddess, counterpart of the gentle cat-
`goddess Bastet and wife of Ptah at Memphis.
`Sekt ~zekt~ ►n. a German sparkling white wine. `Ger-
`man.
`sel. ►abbr. ~ select. ~ selected. ~ selection; selections.
`se•la•chi•an ~sa'lakean~ Zoology►n. an elasmobranch
`Fish of a group that comprises the sharks and dog-
`fishes. •The former group Selachii, subclass Elas-
`moUranchii: now treated as one, two, or three su-
`perorders.
`►adj. of or relating to the selachians. %mid 19th
`cent.: from modern Latin Selachii (from Greek se-
`lakhos `shark~~+-AN.
`se•la•dang ~sa'IadaN~~ ►n. another term for GAUR.
`;early 19th cent.: from Malay.
`se•lag•i•nel•la ~sa,laja'nela~ ►n. a creeping mosslike
`plant of a genus that includes the lesser club moss-
`es. •Genus Selaginella, family Selaginellaceae.
`vmodern Latin, diminutive of Latin selago 'club
`moss.'
`Se•lah ~'sela; 'sel-~ ►exclam. (in the Bible) occurring
`frequently at the end of a verse in Psalms and
`Habakkuk, probably as a musical direction.'from
`Hebrew seldh,
`i:~ Sel•craig ~'sel,krag~ see Se~KiRK.
`sebdom ~'seldam~ ►adv. not often; rarely: Islay is sel-
`dom visited by tourists ~ he was seldrnn absent ~ din combi-
`nationj an old seldom-used church.
`►adj. [attrib.~ dated not common; infrequent: d great but
`seldom pleasure. DOld 8nglish seldan, of Germanic ori-
`gin; related to Dutch zelden and German s~ken, from
`a base meaning `strange, wonderful.'
`select ~sa'lekt~ ►u [trans.] carefiilly choose as being
`the best or most suitaUle: studertts mast select their own
`program ~ [trans.) he has been selected to take part ~ [in-
`trans.} you can select from a range of qualtiCy rrr-oducts.
`n (intrans.~ (select for/against) Biology (in terms of
`evolution) determine whether (a characteristic or
`organism) will survive: a phenotype can be selected
`against. ~ use a mouse or keysarokes to mark (some-
`thing) on a computer screen for a particular opera-
`tion.
`►ad/. (of a group of people or things) carefully chosen
`from a larger number as being the Uest or most
`valuable: hejoined hu selecC tzam ofyoung InCel1igence op-
`erntives. ~ (of a place or group of people) only used by
`or consisting of a wealthy or sophisticated elite; ex-
`clusive: the opera was seen by n small and highly select nu-
`ckience. amid 16th cent.: from Latin select- 'chosen,'
`from the verU seiigzre, from se- 'apart' +Legere
``choose.' —se•lect•a•ble adj. —se•Iect•ness n.
`select com•mitdee ►n. a small legislative commit-
`tee appointed for a special purpose: [in titles) the
`House Permanent Select Corrttnittee on Intelligence.
`se•leet•ee ~sa,lek'te~ ►n, a person who is selected. ~ a
`conscript
`se•lec•tion ~sa'IeksHan~ ►n. 1 the action or fact of
`carefully choosing someone or something as being
`the Uest or most suitable: such men decided the selection
`of candidates ~ they objected to his selection. ~ a number
`of carefttliy diosen things: the pablicntion of ca selection
`of his poems. ~ a range of things from which a choice
`may Ue made: the restaurant offers a wide selection of hot
`and roll duhes. ~ a horse or horses tipped as worth
`bets in a race or meeting. 2 Computing data high-
`lighted on acomputer screen thatts a target for var-
`ious manipulations: your selecCion may not conCnin two
`different dntct types. ■the action or capaUility of se-
`lecting data in this way. 3 Biology a yrocess in
`which environmental or genetic inflttences deter-
`mine which types of organism thrive better than
`others, regarded as a factor in evolution. See also
`NnTuan~ se~eenoN.:>early 17fh cent.: from Latin se-
`lectio(n-), from selig~re 'select Uy separating off' (see
`SELECT.
`Se•IeC•tion•al ~sa'IeksHanl~ ►adj. Linguistics denoting
`
`or relating to the process by which only certain
`words or structures can occiu• naturally, normally,
`or correctly in the context of other words. —sedea
`tiornaldy adv.
`sedec•tion pres•Sure ►n. Biology an agent of differ-
`ential mortality or fertility that tends to make a
`population change genetically.
`se•lec•tion rule ►n. Physics a rule that descriUes
`whether particular quantum transitions in an atom
`or molecule are allowed or forbidden.
`se•lec•tive ~sa'lektiv~ ►adj. relating to or involving the
`selection of the most suitable or best qualified: the
`rnini~cow u the result ofgenerntions of selective breeding.
`n (of a person) tending to choose carefully: he u very
`selective in hu reading. ~ (of a process or agent) affect-
`ingsome things and not others: modzrn ~estiddes are
`more selective in effect. ~ chiefly Electronics operating at
`or responding to a particular frequency. —sedea
`tive•iy adv.
`se•lec•tive attention ►n. Psychology the capacity for
`or process of reacting to certain stimuli selectively
`when several occur simultaneously.
`se•leC•tive•ness ~sa'lektivnis~ ►n, another term for
`SELECTIVITY.
`sedeative ServiCe ►n. service in the armed forces
`under conscription.
`se•lec•tivi•ty ~selek'tivite~ ►n. the quality of carefully
`choosing someone or something as the Uest or most
`suitaUle: provision is organized oiti the pr-indple of selec-
`tivity. r the property of affecting some things and
`not others. ~ Electronics the aUility of a device to re-
`spond to a particular frequency without interfer-
`ence from others.
`sedeCt•man ~sa'lektman~ ►n. (pl. -men) a member of
`the local government Uoard of a New k:ngland town.
`se•leator ~sa'lektar~ ►n. a person or thing that selects
`something, in particular: ~ a device for selecting a
`particular gear or other setting of amachine or de-
`vice.
`Se•le•ne ~sa'lene~ Greek Mythology the goddess of the
`moon who fell in love with Endymion. from Greek
`selene `moon.'
`se•le•nic acid ~sa'lenik; -'le-~ ►n. Chemistry a crys-
`talline acid analogous to sulfuric acid, made by oxi-
`dizing certain selenium comyounds. •Chem. for-
`inula: H2Se04. —sel~nate ~'sela,nat~ n.
`sebe•nite ~'sela,nit~ ►n. a form of gypsum occurring
`as Cransparent crystals, sometimes in thin plates.
`>mid 17th cent.: via Latin from Greek selenites lithos
`'moonstone,' from Selene 'moon' +lithos 'stone.'
`se•le•ni•um ~sa'leneam~ ►n. the chemical element of
`atomic number 34, a gi.1y crystalline nomnetal with
`semiconducting properties. (Symbol: Se) i>early
`19th cent.: modern Latin, from Greek Selene 'moon.'
`—sel•e•~ide ~'sela,nid; -nid~ n.
`se•le•ni•um cell ►n. aphotoelectric device contain-
`ing apiece of selenium.
`Seleno- ►comb. lorm of, relating to, or shaped like the
`moon: selenogrnphy. '~-from Greek selen~ 'moon.'
`se•le•no•dont ~sa'lena,dant~ ►adj. Zoology (of molar
`teeth) having crescent-shaped ridges on the grind-
`ing surfaces, chu~acteristic of the nuninants. ~ (of
`an ungulate) having such teeth. >late 19th cent.:
`PCOril SELENO~moon-shaped' +Greek odous, odont-
``tooth.'
`sel•e•nog•ra•phy ~,sela'nagrafe~ ►n. the scientific
`mapping of the moon; lunar geography. —sebe•
`nog•ra•pher ~-fart n. —se•le•no•graph•ic ~,selana-
`'grafik~ adj. —se•le•no•graph•i•cal ~,selana'grafikal~
`adj.
`sel•e•noi•o•gy ~,sela'nalaje~ ►n. the scientific study of
`the moon. —sebe•nobo•gist ~-jist~ n.
`Sel•es ~'selas~, Monica (1973- ), U.S. temiis player,
`Dorn in Yugoslavia. She was the youngest woman to
`win a grand slam singles title (French Open 1990).
`She went on to win there again and at the U.S. Open
`in 1991 and 1992 and at the Australian Open 1991-
`93 and 1996. StaUUed on the court by a fan of Sceffi
`Graf in 1993, she returned to play in 1995.
`Sedeu•cid ~sa'I(y)oosid~ ►adj. relating to or denoting
`a dynasty ililing over Syria and a great part of west-
`ern Asia from 311 to 65 tic. Its capital was at Anti-
`och.
`►n. a member of this dynasty. from Szletuus Nicator
`(the name of die founder, one of Alexander the
`Great's generals) + -io3.
`self ~self~ ►n. (pl. selves ~selvz~) a person's essential
`Ueing that distinguishes them from others, esp. con-
`sidered as the object of introspection or reflexive ar
`lion: otrr nliennCion from ot~r true selves ~ din sing.) guilt
`can be tur-rted against the self ~ langun~e is an nsyect of a
`
`1ss6
`
`self-appointed
`person's sense of self. ~ with adj.J a person's particular
`nature or personality; the qualities that make a yer-
`son individual or w~ique: by the end of the round he was
`back to his old self ~ Pnuln seemed to be her usaal cheerful
`self. ~ one's own interests or pleasure: to love in nn ttn-
`possessive wny implies the total surrender of self.
`►pron. (pl. selves) oneself, in particular: ~ (with adj.]
`(one's self) used ironically to refer in specified glow-
`ing terms to oneself or someone else: the only side
`worth Supporting is your own sweet self.
`►adj, (attrib.] (of a trimming or cover) of the same ma-
`terialand color as the rest of the item: n dress with self
`belt.
`►v. ~trans.~ chieflyBotanyself-pollinate; selffertilize: (as
`n.~ (selfing) the flowers never open and pollination is nor-
`rnnlly by selling. ~ [usu. as adj.) (selfed) Genetics cause
`(an animal or plant) to Ureed with or fertilize one of
`the same hybrid origin or strain: progeny wire dzrived
`from selfed crosses.: Old English, of Germanic origin;
`related to Dutch zelf and German selbe. Early ttse was
`emphatic, expressing the sense '(I) myself',' '(he)
`himself,' etc. The verb dates from the early 20th
`cent.
`self- ►comb. form of or directed toward oneself or it-
`self: self-hatred. ~ by one's own efforts; by its own ac-
`tion: self-acting. ~ on, in, for, or relating to oneself or
`itself: self-adhesive.
`self-a•ban•don•ment (also self-a•ban•don) ►n. the ac-
`tion of completely surrendering oneself to a desire
`or impulse. —self-a•ban•doned adj.
`self-a•base~ment ►n. the Uelittling or humiliation of
`oneself: he began to apologize with copious tears and self-
`nt~nsemznt.
`self-ab•ne•ga•tion ►n. the denial or abasement of
`oneself: she turned the letter into n groveling form of self-
`nbnegnt{on.
`self-ab•sorp•tion ►n. 1 preoccupation with one's
`own emotions, interests, or situation, 2 Physics the
`absorption by a body of radiation which it has itself
`emitted. —self-absorbed adj.
`self-abuse ~a'byoos~ ►n. behavior that causes dam-
`age or harm to oneself. ~ used euphemistically to
`refer to masturbation.
`self-ae•Cu•sa•tion ►n. the action of accusing oneself',
`steimning from feelings of guilt. —self-ac•eu•sa•to•
`ry adj.
`Self-aCt•ing ►adJ. archaic (of a machine or operation)
`acting without external influence or control; auto-
`matic.
`self-aGtu•abi¢adion ►n. the realization or fulfill-
`ment of one's talents and potentialities, esp. con-
`sidered as a drive or need present in everyone.
`self-addressed ►adj. (esp. of an envelope) Dearing
`one's own address: enclose ci self-addressed stamped en-
`velope.
`self-ad•he•sive ►adj. coated with a sticky substance;
`adhering without requiring moistening.
`self-ad•just•ing ►adj. (chiefly of machinery) adjust-
`ing itself to meet varying requirements. —self-ad•
`just•ment n.
`self-ad•mi•radion ►n. the admiration of oneself;
`pride. —self-ad•mir•ing adj.
`self-ad•vanee•ment ►n. the advancement or promo-
`tion of oneself or one's interests: n positive step in
`women's self-advancement.
`Self-ad•verdise•ment ►n. the active publicization of
`.oneself: he tiu-ned the group into n vehicle for seif-
`ndvertisement. —self-ad•ver•tis~er n. —self-advertis-
`ing adj.
`self-ad•vo•ca•cy ►n. the action of representing one-
`self or one's views or interests.
`self-af•fir•ma•tion ►n. the recognition and assertion
`of the existence and vahte of one's individual self.
`self-ag•gran•dize•ment ►n. the action or process of
`promoting oneself as being powerful or important.
`—self-ag•gran•diring adj.
`Self-al•ien•a•tion ►n. the process of distancing one-
`self from one's own feelings or activities, such as
`may occur in mental illness or as a symptom of emo-
`tional distress.
`self-a•lign•ing ►adj. (of a Dearing or machine part) ca-
`paUle of aligning itself'automatically.
`self-a•na4ysis ►n. the analysis of oneself, in parch
`ular one's motives and character. —self-arna~lyz•
`ing adj.
`self-an•ni•hi•la•tion ►n. the amiihilation or oblitera-
`tion of self, esp. as a process of mystical contempla-
`tion.
`Self-ap~point•ed ►adj. ~attrib.J having assumed a posi-
`tion orrole without the endorsement of others: self-
`cipp~inted experts.
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