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OVER
`10,000
`ENTRIES
`
`Microsoft
`
`
`
`Computer
`Dicti
`Fifth Editi'
`
`Fully updated with the .ia'tejs-t"
`technologies, terms, and Ta 0
`Easy to read, expertly- iiiiustrateid.
`
`Definitive coverage” of hardware;
`software, the Internet, and more!
`
`'
`
`001
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`001
`
`

`

`Microsoft“ _
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`002
`
`

`

`PUBLISHED BY
`Microsoft Press '
`
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052-6399
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--5th ed.
`p. cm.
`ISBN 0-7356-1495—4
`
`1. Computers-Dictionaries.
`
`2. Microcomputers--Dictionaries.
`
`AQ76.5. M52267
`004'.03--dc2l
`
`2002
`
`200219714
`
`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`23456789 _QWT 765432
`
`Distributed in Canada by BB. Fenn and Company Ltd.
`
`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
`
`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa-
`tion about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936-7329. Visit our Web site at www.microsoft.comlmspress.
`Send comments to mspinput©microsafi.com.
`
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMovie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, Directlnput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS-DOS,
`MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDrav‘v, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDev, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win32s, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`Project Editor: Sandra Haynes
`
`Body Part No. X08-41929
`
`003
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`003
`
`

`

`. heap sort.
`
`.
`
`accessing it, and freeing it when it is no longer needed. In
`contrast to stack memory, heap memory blocks are not
`freed in reverse of the order in which they were allocated,
`so free blocks may be interspersed with blocks that are in
`use. As the program continues running, the blocks may
`have to be moved around so that small free blocks can be
`merged together into larger ones to meet the program’s
`needs. See also garbage collection. Compare stack. 2. A
`complete binary tree in which the value of any node is not
`exceeded by the value of either of its children. See also
`binary tree.
`
`heap sort or heapsort n. A space-efficient sorting
`method that first arranges the key fields into a heap struc—
`ture; then repeatedly removes the root of the heap, which
`must, by definition, have the largest key; and reforms the
`heap. See also heap (definition 1).
`
`heat pipe n. A cooling device consisting of a sealed
`metal tube containing a liquid and a wick. The liquid
`evaporates at the hot end; the vapor spreads along the tube
`to the cold end, where it condenses onto the wick; the liq—
`uid flows back along the wick to the hot end by capillary
`action. Heat pipes have been used in Pentium-based laptop
`computers, which have high cooling requirements and lit—
`tle room for conventional heat sinks. Compare heat sink.
`
`heat sink n. A device that absorbs and dissipates heat
`produced by an electrical component, such as an inte-
`grated circuit, to prevent overheating. Heat sinks are usu-
`ally made of metal and often have fins that assist in
`transferring heat to the atmosphere. See the illustration.
`Compare heat pipe.
`
` ll
`
`'
`
`"
`
`..
`
`Computerchip
`
`Heat sink.
`
`hecto- prefix Metric prefix meaning 102 (one hundred).
`HEL it. See hardware emulation layer.
`
`hello, world it. The output of the first program in Brian
`Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie’s The C Programming Law
`gauge. The program is traditionally the first test a C pro—
`grammer makes in a new environment.
`
`help it. 1. The capability of many programs and operating
`systems to display advice or instructions for using their
`
`henry
`
`features when so requested by the user, as by a screen but—
`ton or a menu item or a function key. The user can access
`help without interrupting work in progress or leafing
`through a manual. Some help facilities are context-sensi-
`tive, meaning that the user receives information specific to
`the task or command being attempted. Also called: online
`help. 2. In many applications, a command that displays an
`explanation of another command that follows it. For
`instance, in many FTP programs, the command help can
`be followed by other commands, such as cal (change direc-
`tory) or is (list files and directories), to discover the pur-
`pose of these other commands. 3. In versions 5 and 6 of
`MS-DOS, the command used to request information about
`MS-DOS commands, command parameters, and switches.
`
`Help n. An item on a menu bar in a graphical user inter—
`face that enables the user to access the help feature of the
`present application. See also graphical user interface, help
`(definition 1), menu bar.
`
`help desk in. 1. Technical support staff who help solve
`users’ problems with hardware or software systems or
`refer such problems to those who can solve them. Help
`desks are typically run by larger organizations, such as
`corporations, universities, or vendors to corporations, to
`assist users in the organization. 2. A software application
`for tracking problems with hardware and software and
`their solutions.
`
`helper it. See helper application.
`
`helper application it. An application intended to be
`launched by a Web browser when the browser downloads
`a file that it is not able to process itself. Examples of
`helper applications are sound and movie players. Helper
`applications generally must be obtained and installed by_
`users; they usually are not included in the browser itself.
`Many current Web browsers no longer require helper
`applications for common multimedia file formats. Also
`called: helper program. Compare ActiveX controls, plug-
`in (definition 2).
`
`helper program it. See helper application.
`
`Help key it. A key on the keyboard that the user can press
`to request help. See also function key, help (definition 1).
`
`help screen a. A screen of information that is displayed
`when the user requests help. See also help (definition 1).
`
`henry n. The unit of inductance. A current changing at a
`rate of one ampere per second will generate one volt
`across an inductance of one henry. In practice, a henry is a
`
`250
`
`004
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`004
`
`

`

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`
`serial port adapter :1. An interface card or device that
`either provides a serial port or converts a serial port to
`another use. Sas also adapter, serial port.
`
`serial printer :1. A printer connected to the computer via
`a serial interface (commonly RS-232—C or compatible).
`Connectors for this type of printer vary widely, which is
`one reason they are less popular than parallel printers
`among those who use IBM and IBM-compatible PCs.
`Serial printers are standard for Apple computers. See also
`DB connector, serial, serial transmission. Compare paral-
`lel printer.
`
`serial processing It. See sequential processing (defini-
`tion 2).
`
`Serial Storage Architecture n. See SSA.
`
`serial transmission :1. The transfer of discrete signals
`one after another. In communications and data transfer,
`serial transmission involves sending informatiOn over a
`single line one bit at a time, as in modem-to-modem con-
`nections. Compare parallel transmissiOn.
`
`series circuit n. A circuit in which two or more compo-
`nents are linked in series. All the current passes through
`each component in a series circuit, but the voltage is
`divided among the components. See the illustration. Com-
`pare parallel circuit.
`
`Series circuit.
`
`serifi1 adj. Marked by the use of scrifs. For example,
`Goudy is a serif typeface, whereas Helvetica is a sans serif
`typeface. See the illustration. See also serif? Compare
`sans serif.
`
`AB C
`
`Serifs
`
`ABC
`
`Serif. A seriftypeface (top) and a sans seriftypeface (bottom).
`
`server n. 1. On a local area network (LAN), a computer
`running administrative software that controls access to the
`network and its resources, such as printers and disk drives,
`and provides resources to computers functioning as work-
`stations on the network. 2. On the Intemet or other net-
`
`work, a computer or program that responds to commands
`from a client. For example, a file server may contain an
`archive of data or program files; when a client submits a
`request for a file, the server transfers a copy of the file to
`the client. See also application server (definitions 1 and 2).
`clientlscrver architecture. Compare client (definition 3).
`
`server appliance n. A device designed to deliver one or
`more specific network services in a single turnkey pack-
`age that includes both hardware and software. All neces—
`sary programs are preinstalled on a server appliance,
`which has minimal, simplified options and controls.
`Server appliances can be used to complement or replace
`traditional servers on a network and can provide such ser-
`vices as file and printer sharing and Internet connectivity.
`Also called: appliance. See also information appliance.
`
`server-based application n. A program that is shared
`over a network. The program is stored on the network
`server and can be used at more than one client machine at
`a time.
`
`server cluster in. A group of independent computer sys-
`tems, known as nodes, working together as a single system
`to ensure that mission-critical. applications and resources
`remain available to clients. A server cluster is the type of
`cluster that Cluster service implements. See also cluster.
`server control it. See ASENET server control.
`
`server error a. A failure to complete a request for infor-
`mation through HTTP that results from an error at the
`server rather than an error by the client or the user. Server
`errors are indicated by HTTP status codes beginning with
`5. See also HTTP, HTTP status codes.
`
`server farm 11. A centralized grouping of network servers
`maintained by an enterprise or, often, an Internet service
`provider (ISP). A server farm provides a network with
`load balancing, scalability, and fault tolerance. Individual
`servers may be connected in such a way that they appear
`to represent a single resource.
`'
`serverlet :1. See servlet.
`
`serlfz n. Any of the short lines or ornaments at the ends of
`the strokes that form a typeface character.
`
`Server Message Block it. See SMB.
`
`474
`
`005
`
`ServiceNow, |nc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`ServiceNow, Inc.'s Exhibit 1002
`
`005
`
`

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