wp.
`
`Applications
`
`Apple/Twitter
`Ex. 1021
`IPR4 of U.S. Pat. No. 7,765,482
`
`

`
`NeXT Applications
`NeXT Applications
`
`

`
`NeXT Applications
`NeXT Applications
`
`$3
`
`

`
`tried to make the information contained
`
`in this manual as accurate and reliable
`
`relating
`
`to this
`
`We at NeXT Computer have
`as possible
`NeXT
`disclaims any warranty of any kind whether
`express or implied as to any matter whatsoever
`Nevertheless
`purpose NeXT will
`including without
`manual
`limitation the merchantability
`from time to time revise
`or fitness for any particular
`the software described in this manual and reserves
`to make such
`changes without obligation
`In no
`the purchaser
`the right
`to notify
`event shall NeXT be liable for any indirect
`damages arising out of purchase or use of this
`or consequential
`manual
`or the information contained herein
`
`special
`
`incidental
`
`Copyright
`
`1990 by NeXT Computer
`
`Inc All Rights Reserved
`
`The NeXT logo is
`Interface
`Webster
`
`registered
`
`registered
`
`Inc in the U.S and other countries NeXT Digital Librarian Digital
`of NeXT Computer
`trademark
`registered
`Inc UNIX is
`Builder Lip Service NeXTmail and Workspace Manager
`of NeXT Computer
`are trademarks
`trademark of ATT Helvetica is
`of Linotype AG and/or
`its subsidiaries Wreath and Monogram
`trademark
`registered
`Collegiate and Websters Ninth New Collegiate
`trademarks
`of Meniam-Webster
`Incorporated and are
`are registered
`Dictionary
`to license Oxford
`and Oxford University Press are registered
`used herein pursuant
`trademarks
`of Oxford University Press and are
`to license WriteNow is
`used herein pursuant
`trademark
`ofT/Maker Company All other
`trademarks mentioned
`owners
`to their respective
`
`belong
`
`Notice
`
`to U.S Government End Users
`
`Restricted
`
`Rights Legends
`
`For civilian agenºies This software is licensed
`
`restrictions
`
`52.227-19
`
`set
`
`forth in subparagraph
`through
`of the Federal Acquisition Regulations
`
`only with Restricted Rights and use reproduction or disclosure
`of the Commercial Computer SoftwareRestricted
`Rights clause at
`
`is subject
`
`to
`
`Unpublishedrights
`
`reserved under
`
`the copyright
`
`laws of the United
`
`States
`
`and other
`
`countries
`
`by the Government
`of Defense Use duplication or disclosure
`For units of the Department
`to restrictions
`is subject
`ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software
`clause at DFARS 252.227-7013
`
`in subparagraph
`
`as set
`
`forth
`
`NeXT Computer
`
`Inc 900 Chesapeake
`
`Drive Redwood City CA 94063
`
`Manual written by Caroline Rose Hank Ross Libby Koponen Stan Augarten Helen Casabona
`Kate ODay and David Aizofon
`Edited by Caroline Rose
`Book design by Eddie Lee
`Illustrations by Jeff Yaksick Don Donoughe and Adrienne Wong
`Production assistance by Adrienne Wong
`Product marketing management by Martha Miller
`Publications management by Cathy Novak
`
`Reorder Product N6014
`
`

`
`Contents
`
`About This Manual
`
`Part
`
`Chapter
`
`Chapter
`
`Chapter
`
`Creating Documents with WriteNow
`WriteNow Concepts
`Commands
`WriteNow
`WriteNow Troubleshooting
`
`Part
`
`Chapter
`
`Chapter
`
`Chapter
`
`The Digital Library
`Digital Librarian Searching for Information
`Dictionary and Thesaurus
`Digital Webster
`Digital Quotations The Oxford Dictionary
`
`Part Mail Multimedia Communication
`
`Chapter
`
`Chapter
`
`Using Mail
`Mail Buttons and Commands
`
`Document Conversion in WriteNow
`Special Features of WriteNow
`
`Appendices
`
`Appendix
`
`Appendix
`
`Glossary
`
`Index
`
`29
`
`75
`
`81
`
`85
`
`103
`
`111
`
`119
`
`123
`
`137
`
`165
`
`169
`
`173
`
`175
`
`189
`
`

`
`About This Manual
`
`NeXT Applications describes in detail how to work with the principal
`come with your NeXT computer
`the WriteNow word processor
`the applications that
`the Mail application You can refer
`to this manual only when
`libraries and
`search digital
`to look something up or you can read through it from start to finish
`you want
`
`user applications that
`
`you should already be familiar with how to use your NeXT
`Before using this manual
`as described in the NeXT Users Reference manual Many of the terms
`computer in general
`discussed here were introduced in that manual
`and concepts
`
`Not every NeXT application
`is described in this manual Utility applications used to
`use of your computer for example to cancel
`customize and manage
`the day-to-day
`are described in Users Reference In addition
`request or change your password
`applications related to programming on the computer for example Interface Builder
`described in the NeXT Developers Library and system administration applications are
`documented in the Network and System Administration manual
`
`TM
`
`print
`
`are
`
`Some parts of this manual
`to the extended release of the software if your computer
`refer
`has NeXT disk drive larger
`than 300 megabytes installed in it youve got
`the extended
`release You can find out the size of the comuters disk drive or drives by choosing
`Panel command in the Workspace Manager
`
`the Info
`
`How the Manual
`
`is Organized
`
`This manual
`
`is divided into several parts
`
`Part
`
`and format
`
`fast and powerful word processor
`describes WriteNow
`that
`lets you enter edit
`text You can enter graphics created outside WriteNow set up
`check the spelling of words in your documents
`multiple-column documents
`perform many other operations
`
`and
`
`Part
`
`available
`
`describes three applications for accessing information in digital
`NeXT Digital Library includes
`dictionary and thesaurus
`from other companies
`
`libraries The
`
`digital
`
`libraries are also
`
`Part
`
`describes Mail multimedia electronic mail application that
`communicate
`
`freely with other computer users
`
`lets you
`
`About This Manual
`
`

`
`information on WriteNow such as how to
`Two appendices
`provide supplementary
`transfer WriteNow documents from an Apple Macintosh to NeXT computer
`
`Finally theres
`
`glossary that defines the special
`
`terms used in this manual
`
`and an index
`
`Special Notation
`
`The following designations
`
`are used in this manual
`
`Note An incidental
`
`remark that
`
`isnt essential
`
`to the discussion at hand
`
`Tip Advice that will help you get the most out of the system
`
`Warning
`
`cautionary
`
`statement
`
`that all users should read
`
`About This Manual
`
`

`
`Part
`Creating Documents with WriteNow
`
`Chapter WriteNow Concepts
`Documents
`Magnifying or Reducing the View
`The Page
`The Page Number Field
`
`Paragraphs
`Selecting and Editing
`
`Positioning the Insertion Point
`Selecting and Editing Text
`
`Font Properties dunng Editing
`
`Graphics
`
`Pasting in Tall Graphics
`
`Positioning Graphics
`
`Scaling Graphics
`The Ruler
`Relative Settings Command Ruler Change
`Identical Settings Shift Ruler Change
`
`Paragraph Margins
`Indentation
`
`Tabs
`
`Alignment
`
`Line Spacing
`Headers and Footers
`
`Working
`Operations on Headers and Footers
`
`in Header/Footer
`
`View
`
`Footnotes
`
`Chapter WriteNow Commands
`The Main Menu
`The Info Menu
`
`Preferences
`The Document Menu
`
`Open
`Opening Plain ASCII Files
`Opening Shared WriteNow
`
`New
`
`Document Files
`
`Changing the Initial Document Format
`Save and Save As
`
`Conserving Disk Space
`to Saved and Revert
`
`Revert
`
`to Backup
`
`Merge
`
`10
`
`10
`
`12
`
`13
`
`13
`
`14
`
`14
`
`15
`
`15
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`16
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`16
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`17
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`17
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`18
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`19
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`19
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`19
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`20
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`21
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`22
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`23
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`24
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`24
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`26
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`29
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`29
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`29
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`30
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`31
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`31
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`32
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`33
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`33
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`34
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`34
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`35
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`36
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`37
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`

`
`37
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`38
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`38
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`38
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`38
`
`39
`
`39
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`39
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`40
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`40
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`42
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`43
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`43
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`43
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`43
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`44
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`44
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`45
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`46
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`46
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`46
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`47
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`47
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`47
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`48
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`48
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`48
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`49
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`49
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`50
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`50
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`54
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`56
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`56
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`56
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`57
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`57
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`58
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`58
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`59
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`59
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`60
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`60
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`61
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`62
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`64
`
`65
`
`66
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`67
`
`Close
`
`The Edit Menu
`Cut Copy Paste and Delete
`Undo or Redo
`
`Place Graphic
`Change Case
`Count
`
`Spelling
`The Spelling Dictionary
`The Spelling Panel
`The Accuracy of the Spelling Check
`Check Spelling
`Select All
`
`The Find Menu
`
`Find Panel
`
`Specifying
`
`the Text
`
`Specifying
`
`the Search Options
`
`Searching
`The Format Menu
`Show Ruler or Hide Ruler
`
`Insert Soft Hyphen
`Indent Left to Tab and Indent Right
`Insert Page Number
`Insert Time and Insert Date
`
`to Tab
`
`Copy Ruler and Paste Ruler
`The Page Menu
`Insert Header and Insert Footer
`
`Insert Footnote
`
`Insert Page Break
`Keep on Same Page and Allow to Cross Page
`Page Layout
`Multiple Columns
`The Font Menu
`
`and Subscript
`Superscript
`Changing Identical Font Properties Shift Font Change
`The View Menu
`
`Markers or Hide Markers
`Show Space or Hide Space
`Show Graphics or Hide Graphics
`View Page
`View Headers/Footers
`View Footnotes
`The Merge Command
`
`Simple Example
`How the Merge Command Works
`The Template Document
`The Format of the Data Document
`the Data Document The DATA Instruction
`Specifying
`Field Names in the Template Document
`
`

`
`67
`
`68
`
`69
`
`69
`
`70
`
`71
`
`71
`
`72
`
`72
`
`75
`
`75
`
`77
`
`78
`
`Conditional
`
`Instructions IF and ELSE
`The IF Instruction
`The ELSE Instruction
`Nested IF Instructions
`
`Data Document SET and ASK
`Setting Fields without
`Including Other Documents The INCLUDE Instruction
`The NEXT Instruction
`to the Next Data Record
`Advancing
`Omitting the Current Merged Document The OMIT Instruction
`Summary of Merge Instructions
`
`Chapter WriteNow Troubleshooting
`Problems while Editing
`Problems
`
`Header/Footer
`
`Other Problems
`
`

`
`

`
`Part
`Creating Documents with WriteNow
`
`description of the WriteNow application
`Pai
`fast and poweul
`complete
`provides
`lets you enter format and edit text In WriteNow what you see is
`word processor
`including where the pages break looks the same on the screen
`what you get everything
`as when printed
`
`that
`
`short simple documents WriteNow also includes features
`While useful for creating
`that
`are invaluable for preparing more complex documents There are facilities for defining and
`redefining page headers and footers inserting footnotes so theyll always fall on the correct
`page dividing the page into multiple columns that you can see while you edit and checking
`document
`the spelling of words in
`
`Text or graphics created outside WriteNow can be pasted into WriteNow document and
`in text You can also open plain ASCII files and other types
`be embedded
`graphics can even
`likewise you can save WriteNow
`them to WriteNow documents
`files or other document
`
`types
`
`of documents and convert
`
`documents as plain ASCII
`
`Part
`
`consists of three chapters
`
`Chapter
`
`that are basic to WriteNow and
`WriteNow Concepts presents concepts
`the most out of WriteNow It gives background information
`important to learn to get
`thats needed to understand the commands described in the next chapter
`
`Chapter
`
`WriteNow Commands describes WriteNows commands in detail and
`tips on how to use them
`includes helpful
`
`WriteNow Troubleshooting presents some problems you may encounter
`Chapter
`while using WriteNow and suggests an answer
`for each one
`
`Part
`
`Ci-eating Documents with WriteNow
`
`

`
`

`
`Chapter
`WriteNow Concepts
`
`to the use of WriteNow including the ruler
`This chapter presents basic concepts
`related
`page formatting headers footers and footnotes
`The commands referred
`are described in detail
`in Chapter
`
`to in this chapter
`
`Documents
`
`WriteNow
`document
`can contain text entered in WriteNow and text or graphics pasted
`in from elsewhere Graphics are treated
`them anywhere
`the same way as text you can put
`you can put text and most operations
`that apply to text also apply to graphics
`
`You can view WriteNow document
`
`in window in three ways
`
`Page view shows the document
`as it will be printed including page breaks headers
`and multiple colunms Only the body of the pagenot headers
`footers footnotes
`footers or footnotescan
`be edited in this view
`
`Header/footer
`
`can edit headers
`
`view shows the headers and footers youve defined in the document You
`in this view only
`and
`footers
`
`Footnote view shows and lets you edit only the footnotes
`
`in the document
`
`Using commands in the View menu you can alternate
`between these three views
`document window the views arent displayed in different windows
`
`in the
`
`The document window contains the usual close and miniaturize buttons in its title bar
`vertical and horizontal scrollers and
`resize bar In addition to the scroll buttons
`and 11
`
`small
`
`increment
`
`the height of
`that scroll by
`contains
`line the vertical scroller
`typical
`and
`buttons which scroll windowful
`time The document window also
`at
`at the lower right
`field that displays the current page number and
`page number
`contains
`zoom button that allows you to magnify or reduce
`the view in the window as described
`below
`
`Tip The
`time if the window displays an entire
`page at
`page of text which you can ensure by choosing
`Fit Page with the zoom button
`
`buttons will scroll
`
`and
`
`the same time in WriteNow Most WriteNow
`You can have many documents open at
`commands apply to the document
`in the main window called the current document while
`
`Documents
`
`

`
`some apply to the key window which might not contain
`for example
`be the Print panel
`
`document The key window may
`
`Magnifying or Reducing the View
`
`the lower
`
`right of the document window enables you to magnify the
`The zoom button at
`you were reading it through
`documents
`size on the screen as though
`glass
`magnifying
`size on the screen You use the zoom button by
`Similarly you can reduce the documents
`list of options and then dragging to the option you want
`number
`pressing it to display
`number greater
`the size while
`than 100 magnifies
`it
`
`less than 100 reduces
`
`You can magnify or reduce
`
`the view of the document
`
`in three ways
`
`Choose
`
`number
`
`from the list
`
`from 25 to 200 in the panel
`number
`Choose the Set option and enter
`that appears
`From then on the number will be shown in numerical order in the list so you can easily
`choose
`
`it again
`
`the view so that
`Choose the Fit Page option which magnifies
`or reduces
`full page
`fits in the document window whatever
`the windows dimensions
`from the document
`
`Note If you use
`high level of magnification the document window might fill up with
`white space depending on what was visible in the window when you magnified the view
`so you might have
`to locate
`to scroll
`text or graphics
`
`Magnifying or reducing the view doesnt change the dimensions of the document window
`
`for example 10-point text will still be 10
`size of anything in the document
`be magnified
`to look like 14-point
`text on the screen
`
`it might
`
`though
`
`or the actual
`
`points even
`
`The Page
`
`document
`page of WriteNow
`As shown in the illustration on the next page
`region and the right and left
`the header
`region the body the footnote region the footer
`the binding margins can be viewed in the
`binding margins Every part of the page except
`document window in page view The ruler described in detail
`later in this chapter
`excludes the binding margins which are never shown on the screen and are added to the
`page only when the document
`
`is printed
`
`consists of
`
`JO
`
`Chapter
`
`WriteNow Concepts
`
`

`
`______________
`
`header
`
`region
`
`body
`
`.1
`
`footnote region
`
`footer
`
`region
`
`The header
`
`define
`
`document
`
`region is at the top of the page Initially it contains four blank lines but you can
`that overrides this default header More than one header
`can be defined in
`header
`The header
`the top margin of the page its the same height on
`region determines
`in the document
`Space is added below
`to the height of the tallest header
`every page equal
`to make the region the appropriate height The Show Space command
`headers
`any shorter
`in the View menu shows
`the header
`thin gray line under
`
`region
`
`contains all text and graphics that arent
`The body of the page
`footnotes All the typing and editing you do in page
`view occurs in the body of the page
`Text and graphics flow through your document
`from the body of one page to the body of
`the next
`
`in headers footers or
`
`The footnote region lies just below the body of the page above
`region If there
`are no footnotes on the page this region is empty it has no height otherwise
`below it
`line with the footnote or footnotes
`short horizontal
`
`the footer
`
`it contains
`
`region only its located at the very bottom of the
`The footer region is similar to the header
`page initially it contains four blanks lines As with headers more than one footer can
`be
`document
`The footer region is the same height on every page equal
`to the
`defined in
`any shorter
`footer defined in the document
`is added above
`height of the tallest
`Space
`height The Show Space command in the View
`to make the region the appropriate
`menu shows
`thin gray line above the footer region
`
`footers
`
`The Page
`
`11
`
`

`
`Note Theres
`small amount of empty space just below the header
`region and just above
`the footer region WriteNow balances
`these two amounts to be the same in the printed
`document
`
`although they might be slightly different
`
`on the screen
`
`on the left and right sides of the page These
`Finally binding margins may be specified
`margins initially have no width but they can be used to reserve blank space for binding
`The binding margins are specified with the Page Layout command in
`printed documents
`the Page menu and can alternate
`on odd and even pages
`
`can be divided into as many as four columns with the Page Layout
`documents
`pages
`command Each column has its own footnote region but theres only one header
`region
`footer region and pair of binding margins per page Binding margins play an important part
`in setting up documents with multiple columns see the description of the Page Layout
`command in Chapter
`for more information
`
`alternate
`
`Note Youll normally use binding margins only when you want
`the space for binding to
`on odd and even pages or when you create multiple-column document
`To set
`the left and right margins of paragraphs in the body header or footer region or footnote
`region of the page youll use the ruler
`
`The Page Number Field
`
`As you scroll
`the current page number
`through the pages of
`document
`is displayed in
`right of the document window the number shown refers to the page
`text field at the lower
`displayed at the top of the document window Even if only
`line of the page is visible at
`the
`top of the window the current page number
`to any other page
`refers to that page and not
`in the window The bottom of each page is separated from the top of the next page by
`dark gray strip
`
`You can move quickly to
`in the document by editing the page number
`given page
`show the desired page numberfor example by selecting
`the current number and
`retypingand then pressing the Return key When
`you click in the page number
`field the
`insertion point moves there and any selection
`in your document
`is deselected You can also
`move to
`the desired page number
`given page by dragging the scroll knob until
`in the page number
`field
`
`is displayed
`
`field to
`
`The page number
`is displayed only in page view the page number
`views When youre scaling
`the page number
`field and the zoom button goes
`graphic
`away and the dimensions of the graphic are shown in the lower
`right instead as described
`in Scaling Graphics later in this chapter
`
`field is blank in the other
`
`12
`
`Chapter WriteNow Concepts
`
`

`
`Paragraphs
`
`WriteNow document
`
`of paragraphs appearing in the body header or footer
`region or footnote region of the page
`paragraph consists of text or graphics or both
`separated by Return or page break characters
`
`consists
`
`You insert
`
`Return character by pressing the Return key what you then type will
`new paragraph Typing two Returns
`appear on the next line Typing one Return starts
`blank line an empty paragraph There is always
`row inserts
`the end
`Return at
`of the document and at the end of each header footer or footnote definition
`
`in
`
`You insert
`Insert Page Break from the Page menu
`page break character by choosing
`what you then type will appear
`at the beginning of the next page
`
`As part of the word wrap process WriteNow automatically breaks lines between words at
`the right margin It breaks lines not only at spaces but also at hyphens
`soft hyphens
`produced with the Insert Soft Hyphen command in the Format menu and em dashes
`It doesnt break
`lines at nonbreaking
`spaces Alternate-space en
`Alternate-Shift-hyphen
`dashes Alternate-hyphen and characters in the Symbol
`font family including minus signs
`typed on the keypad
`
`Text
`
`is
`
`combination
`
`such as letters numbers and punctuation
`of printing characters
`marks and nonprinting characters
`such as spaces Returns and page break characters
`Printing characters are visible both on the screen and in the printed document Nonprinting
`see them on the screen
`characters appear
`as blank space in the printed document
`you can
`Show Space from the View menu
`by choosing
`
`is normally 12-point Helvetica Medium but you can change
`The font in
`new document
`these properties with the Font command You can also start out with different
`font
`propertiesin fact new documents
`can be set up any way you like for more information
`see the descriptions of the New command and the Preferences command in Chapter
`
`Selecting and Editing
`
`and editing techniques unique to WriteNow for
`This section summarizes the selecting
`see the NeXT Users Reference manual
`details on the standard techniques
`
`The cursor takes the shape of an I-beam wherever you can select and edit In page view
`is an I-beam in the body of the page but an arrow in the header and
`for example the cursor
`because you cant edit headers
`and footers
`in page view you can only edit
`regions
`them in header/footer view
`
`footer
`
`Paragraphs
`
`13
`
`

`
`The same selecting
`
`any combination
`
`and editing techniques that work with text also work with graphics or
`of text and graphics
`
`Positioning the Insertion Point
`
`In addition to positioning the insertion point by clicking with the mouse or pressing the
`arrow keys you can also position it by using the arrow keys in combination with other keys
`
`Holding down the Shift key while pressing an arrow key moves the insertion point in
`the indicated direction Pressing the left or right arrow key moves the insertion point
`one word to the left or right pressing the up or down arrow key moves it up or down
`line
`
`Holding down the Control key while pressing an arrow key moves the insertion point
`edge of the window If the insertion point is already at that edge
`to the corresponding
`in that direction and
`of the window WriteNow scrolls the document one windowful
`moves the insertion point to the same edge of the new windowful
`
`You cannot position the insertion point in an area where there are no characters
`line or the end of the document
`beyond the end of
`If you try to do this the insertion point
`will move to
`
`nearby position within the text
`
`such as
`
`Selecting and Editing Text
`
`press mouse button when the cursor
`To select
`Return or page break character
`left of the character and drag to the right It helps if youve chosen Show Space from the
`and page break characters look like TJ You cant select
`View menu Returns look like
`the Return character at the end of the document or at the end of the last header footer or
`
`is to the
`
`footnote definition
`
`can be selected When you select
`the last character
`Any printing or nonprinting character
`space or Return the empty area between it and the following
`on
`line usually
`character on the next line will also be highlighted
`
`You can do the same by
`You can extend or shorten
`by Alternate-clicking
`selection
`holding down Alternate while using the arrow keys For example holding down Alternate
`as Alternate-clicking one position to
`while pressing the left arrow key has the same effect
`the left of the insertion point Similarly holding down both Alternate and Shift with the left
`one word to the left
`arrow key extends the current selection
`
`Most editing operations apply only to the current view of the document
`for example you
`cant check the spelling in footnotes unless youre in footnote view When you move copy
`any headers footers or footnotes defined in the text
`in page view however
`or delete
`are also moved copied or deleted
`
`text
`
`14
`
`Chapter
`
`WriteNow Concepts
`
`

`
`Font Properties during Editing
`
`When you insert
`text by typing at the insertion point you can use the Font menu commands
`typeface and size of the text youre about
`to set the font properties including
`to type If
`you dont set them these properties will be the same as those of the preceding character
`with one exception When you type after clicking
`at the beginning of an existing paragraph
`the font properties will be the same as the first character of that paragraph
`
`Text
`
`font
`
`than type at the insertion point will keep its original
`that you paste rather
`properties unless the text was cut or copied from outside WriteNow in which case it will
`assume the same properties as text
`
`typed at the insertion point
`
`Graphics
`
`Note Any text
`that was entered as part of
`graphic image not as
`graphic is stored as
`individual characters WriteNow cant change the font properties of this text
`
`When you replace selected text by either
`the replacement will have the
`typing or pasting
`same font properties as those of the first character of the selected text
`
`Graphics in EPS Encapsulated PostScript
`pasted into WriteNow document
`in the following ways
`
`format or TIFF Tag Image File Format can be
`
`that contains the graphic You can use
`.eps or .tiff extension
`file with
`Through
`the Place Graphic command in the Edit menu which will get the graphic from the file
`you specify
`
`graphic that you cut or copied from another
`Through the pasteboard which contains
`from the same document
`or from an application that writes EPS
`WriteNow
`document
`Use the Paste command to paste the graphic on the
`
`or TIFF format
`to the pasteboard
`pasteboard into your document
`
`Whichever method you use WriteNow creates
`the graphic and stores that
`file containing
`file package As described in Users Reference you dont normally
`file in the documents
`to look inside them
`you may want
`need to concern
`yourself with file packages
`however
`when working with graphics
`Inside the file package youll see the file containing
`the text
`of the document which WriteNow names WNDocument.wn and the files that WriteNow
`created when you pasted in graphics
`If the graphic was pasted in from another application
`the graphic file is named WNGraphic.xxxxxx.eps where xxxxxx is
`random six-digit
`number Otherwise the graphic file retains its original name with the addition of the
`six-digit number
`
`When graphics are hidden with the Hide Graphics command in the View menu the name
`of each graphic file without
`gray box that
`the six-digit number
`is displayed in
`replaces
`If you replace or delete
`
`the graphic
`
`graphic in the document
`
`the file containing
`
`the
`
`Graphics
`
`15
`
`

`
`graphic stays in the file package until
`and Close commands in Chapter
`
`the document
`
`file is saved compactly see the Save
`
`Note You shouldnt rename move or delete the WNDocument.wn file in
`file package
`or you wont be able to open the document You also shouldnt rename move or delete
`from the document and
`in the file package or the graphic will disappear
`graphic file directly
`the graphic is missing To restore
`gray box displaying message that
`will be replaced by
`you would have to paste it
`in again or replace the missing
`the graphic in the document
`graphic file If you change the contents of
`graphic file in the file package the change will
`if the size of the graphic changed it may not be
`however
`be reflected
`in the document
`displayed properly As described under Scaling Graphics below double-clicking the
`graphic and either scaling
`it will solve this problem
`it or Shift-clicking
`
`Pasting in Tall Graphics
`
`paragraph of text
`Graphics can be embedded within
`separate paragraph However when you first paste in
`the graphic is placed in
`tall graphic
`Return character before and after the graphic
`its own paragraph WriteNow adds
`graphic is considered to be tall when its taller than the header-body
`separator which is
`initially 24 points 1/3 inch see the description of the Page Layout command in the Page
`separator and how to change it
`menu for information about
`the header-body
`
`graphic doesnt have to be
`
`If youve chosen Show Space from the View menu
`line of small arrowheads will appear
`as when you use the Page menus Keep on Same Page
`and below the tall graphic
`above
`because WriteNow
`command on
`paragraph The arrowheads
`appear
`applied the Keep on Same Page command to the graphic You cant
`Keep on Same Page with the Allow to Cross Page command but
`theres no need to do so
`as long as you keep the graphic in paragraph by itself If you want to embed tall graphic
`within text and also allow the resulting paragraph cross
`page boundary increase the
`separator to the height of the graphic and then use Allow to Cross Page on the
`
`automatically
`
`reverse this automatic
`
`header-body
`
`paragraph
`
`Positioning Graphics
`
`its position just as you do
`graphic into your document
`After youve pasted
`you can adjust
`text You can use the tabs or margin settings
`on the ruler to change the horizontal
`graphic thats in
`paragraph by itself use the rulers center
`positioning To center
`its line spacing in the ruler
`alignment button To Æhange graphics
`vertical position adjust
`or type Return characters You can also make small vertical adjustments to
`in text by holding down the Alternate key while choosing
`embedded
`the Superscript
`Subscript commands from the Font menu
`
`graphic thats
`
`and
`
`16
`
`Chapter
`
`WriteNow Concepts
`
`

`
`Scaling Graphics
`
`Double-clicking
`
`graphic selects
`
`it in
`
`special way that
`and the cursor changes
`
`lets you change its size The
`to an arrow when its placed over
`graphic is enclosed
`its size and scales the graphic
`the graphic Dragging anywhere within the graphic changes
`Exactly how the graphic is affected
`you hold down
`depends on whether
`another key while scaling
`
`in rectangle
`
`accordingly
`
`Key Held Down
`
`Effect
`
`None
`
`Alternate key
`
`Shift key
`
`Retains original proportions during scaling
`
`Scales to any proportions
`size when graphic is clicked
`Returns to original
`
`right of the window
`During scaling the size of the graphic is shown at the lower
`field and zoom button The size shown is
`replacing the page number
`For example
`of the size of the original graphic
`
`temporarily
`
`percentage
`
`x8O.@ y80.%
`
`means that
`
`the graphic has been scaled down both vertically
`
`and horizontally by 20% while
`
`x100.S% yl2S.C%
`
`means that
`
`the graphic has been
`
`scaled up 20% horizontally
`
`The Ruler
`
`The ruler lets you display and change the format of paragraphs the left and right margins
`the Show Ruler
`indentation tab stops alignment and line spacing When youve chosen
`command in the Format menu the ruler is displayed just below the document windows title
`at the left edge of the page excluding
`bar The rulers scale starts at
`any binding margins
`in inches although you can switch to other units of measurement with the
`and is initially
`Page Layout command in the Page menu The illustration below shows what
`the ruler
`looks like when its displayed in
`new document unless specified
`otherwise
`description of the New command in Chapter
`
`see the
`
`text alignment buttons
`
`tab wells
`
`line spacing
`
`controls
`
`indentation
`marker
`
`14
`
`left margin marker
`
`left
`
`tab marker
`
`right margin marker
`
`The ruler shows the format of the paragraph that contains the insertion point or the
`change the format each new
`text Unless you specifically
`beginning of the selected
`as the preceding one However when
`the same format
`paragraph that you type will have
`
`The Ruler
`
`17
`
`

`
`you move or copy
`paragraph including the Return or page break character at the end of
`format
`it the paragraph will keep its original
`
`Note If you move or copy paragraphs
`from one ruler width to another WriteNow scales
`the margin indentation and tab settings adjusting them so that
`theyre in the same relative
`places on the new ruler if tab was originally halfway between the margins for instance
`it will be so after the move or copy This happens for example if you move paragraphs
`between documents of different page or column widths or if you copy
`paragraph in
`multiple-column document
`header or footer
`into
`
`When you first press the mouse button in the ruler to begin making
`ruler setting
`ruler change except when you click
`WriteNow selects all the text
`that will be affected by
`is made after youve changed the
`in the line spacing text field in which case the selection
`spacing So if you want
`paragraph you need only click in the paragraph you
`to reformat
`the entire paragraph When youre ready to type in the document again
`dont have
`to select
`just position the insertion point where you want
`to enter
`the text
`
`You can move the rulers margin indentation and tab markers to any spot on the scale
`When you move marker in the ruler
`vertical gray line appears running from the marker
`to the bottom of the view This line makes it easier
`for you to determine the position of the
`
`marker relative to the text
`
`When several paragraphs are selected the ruler displays the format of the first one If you
`ruler setting only that change will be made to the selected paragraphs For
`then change
`example if you change the right margin on the ruler the right margin of all the selected
`paragraphs will be changed but the left margin and all other aspects of the paragraphs
`format will remain the same If the ruler already happens
`to be set to the change you want
`to make because its set that way for the first paragraph of the selection just click the ruler
`setting you want and it will be applied to the entire selection
`
`You can copy paragraph formats by using the Copy Ruler and Paste Ruler commands in the
`Format menu Pa