(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(19) World Intellectual Property Organization
`(19) World Intellectual Property Organization
`International Bureau
`International Bureau
`
`WO 01/62491 A1
`11111111111101111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`
`(43) International Publication Date
`(43) International Publication Date
`30 August 2001 (30.08.2001)
`30 August 2001 (30.08.2001)
`
`PCT
`PCT
`
`(10) International Publication Number
`(10) International Publication Number
`WO 01/62491 Al
`WO 01/62491 A1
`
`(51) International Patent Classification': B32B 21/00, 5/14
`(51)
`International Patent Classification7: B32B 21/00, 5/14
`
`(21) International Application Number: PCT/US01/05705
`(21)
`International Application Number:
`PCT/US01/05705
`
`(22) International Filing Date: 21 February 2001(21.02.2001)
`(22)
`International Filing Date: 21 February 2001 (21.02.2001)
`
`(25) Filing Language: (cid:9)
`(25) Filing Language:
`
`(26) Publication Language: (cid:9)
`(26) Publication Language:
`
`English
`English
`
`English
`English
`
`(30) Priority Data:
`(30) Priority Data:
`09/513,589 (cid:9)
`09/5 1 3 ,5 89
`
`25 February 2000 (25.02.2000) US
`25 February 2000 (25 .02.2000)
`US
`
`(71) Applicant: THE UNIVERSITY OF MAINE BOARD
`(71) Applicant: THE UNIVERSITY OF MAINE BOARD
`OF TRUSTEES [US/US]; 107 Maine Avenue, Bangor,
`OF TRUSTEES [US/US]; 107 Maine Avenue, Bangor,
`ME 04401 (US).
`ME 04401 (US).
`
`(72) Inventors: DAGHER, Habib, J.; 14 Highview Terrace,
`(72)
`Inventors: DAGHER, Habib, J.; 14 Highview Terrace,
`Veazie, ME 04401 (US). DAVIDS, William, G.; 65 Grant
`Veazie, ME 04401 (US). DAVIDS, William, G.; 65 Grant
`Street, Bangor, ME 04401 (US).
`Street, Bangor, ME 04401 (US).
`
`(81) Designated States (national): AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU,
`(81) Designated States (national): AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU,
`AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CR, CU, CZ,
`AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CR, CU, CZ,
`DE, DK, DM, DZ, EE, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR,
`DE, DK, DM, DZ, EE, ES, FT, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR,
`HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR,
`HU, ID, IE, IN, IS, JR KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, EC, LK, LR,
`LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ,
`LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ,
`NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM,
`NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM,
`TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, UZ, VN, YU, ZA, ZW.
`TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, UZ, VN, YU, ZA, ZW.
`
`(84) Designated States (regional): ARIPO patent (GH, GM,
`(84) Designated States (regional): ARIPO patent (GH, GM,
`KE, LS, MW, MZ, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZW), Eurasian
`KE, LS, MW, MZ, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZW), Eurasian
`patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), European
`patent (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), European
`patent (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE,
`patent (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FT, FR, GB, GR, IE,
`IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE, TR), OAPI patent (BF, BJ, CF,
`IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE, TR), OAPI patent (BE, BJ, CF,
`CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`Published:
`Published:
` (cid:9) with international search report
`— with international search report
` (cid:9)
`before the expiration of the time limit for amending the
`— before the expiration of the time limit for amending the
`claims and to be republished in the event of receipt of
`claims and to be republished in the event of receipt of
`amendments
`amendments
`
`(74) Agent: GILLESPIE, Ted, C.; MacMillan, Sobanski &
`(74) Agent: GILLESPIE, Ted, C.; MacMillan, Sobanski &
`Todd, LLC, One Maritime Plaza, 4th floor, 720 Water
`Todd, LLC, One Maritime Plaza, 4th floor, 720 Water
`Street, Toledo, OH 43604 (US).
`Street, Toledo, OH 43604 (US).
`
`For two-letter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "Guid-
`For two-letter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "Guid
`ance Notes on Codes and Abbreviations" appearing at the begin-
`ance Notes on Codes andAbbreviations" appearing at the begin
`ning of each regular issue of the PCT Gazette.
`ning ofeach regular issue ofthe PCT Gazette.
`
`(54) Title: WOOD COMPOSITE PANELS FOR DISAS I BR-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION
`(54) Title: WOOD COMPOSITE PANELS FOR DISASTER-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION
`
`18
`
`24
`
`20
`
`WO 01/62491 A1
`
`1-11 (cid:9)
`
`(57) Abstract: A wood sheathing panel, suitable for use in building construction, includes reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced
`(57) Abstract: A wood sheathing panel, suitable for use in building construction, includes reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced
`polymer material incorporated into the panel. The reinforcement strips cover an area that is within the range of from about 5 to
`polymer material
`incorporated into the panel. The reinforcement strips cover an area that is within the range of from about 5 to
`about 50 percent of the surface area of the panel. The reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced plastic material can be incorporated
`about 50 percent of the surface area of the panel. The reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced plastic material can be incorporated
`in the perimeter of the panel, or can be incorporated into the corners of the panel. The spacing of the intermittently incorporated
`in the perimeter of the panel, or can be incorporated into the corners of the panel. The spacing of the intermittently incorporated
`reinforcement strips can generally coincide with a standard spacing of framing members so that when the wood sheathing panel
`reinforcement strips can generally coincide with a standard spacing of framing members so that when the wood sheathing panel
`is applied to a building frame, the reinforcement strips are generally aligned with framing members of the building. Preferably,
`is applied to a building frame, the reinforcement strips are generally aligned with framing members of the building. Preferably,
`the reinforcement stri ps are sufficient to provide an increased ductility over an equivalent unreinforced wood sheathing panel in an
`the reinforcement strips are sufficient to provide an increased ductility over an equivalent unreinforced wood sheathing panel in an
`amount within the range of from about 75 percent to about 500 percent. A plurality of the wood sheathing panels of the invention
`amount within the range of from about 75 percent to about 500 percent. A plurality of the wood sheathing panels of the invention
`can be assembled together in building construction (10) as one element of a group consisting essentially of shear walls (12, 14, 24,
`can be assembled together in building construction (10) as one element of a group consisting essentially of shear walls (12, 14, 24,
`26), horizontal diaphragms (20, 22) and roof diaphragms (28).
`26), horizontal diaphragms (20, 22) and roof diaphragms (28).
`
`Os
`Tf
`
`^sO
`
`O£
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`
`Ex. 1020, p. 1 of 26
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 1 of 26
`
`

`

`WO 01/62491 (cid:9)
`WO 01/62491
`
`PCT/US01/05705
`PCT/US01/05705
`
`WOOD COMPOSITE PANELS FOR
`WOOD COMPOSITE PANELS FOR
`DISASTER-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION
`DISASTER-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION
`
`5
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`This invention relates in general to panels useful in making strengthened wood-
`This invention relates in general to panels useful in making strengthened wood-
`frame construction so that the construction has increased resistance to high wind,
`frame construction so that the construction has increased resistance to high wind,
`
`earthquake and blast loadings.
`earthquake and blast loadings.
`
`10
`10 (cid:9)
`
`A very common wood frame construction method uses wood or steel studs or
`A very common wood frame construction method uses wood or steel studs or
`wood or steel framing with plywood or Oriented Strand Board (OSB) sheathing panels
`wood or steel framing with plywood or Oriented Strand Board (OSB) sheathing panels
`
`or stucco sheathing. The framing/sheathing combination forms shear walls and
`or stucco sheathing. The framing/sheathing combination forms shear walls and
`
`horizontal diaphragms which resist horizontal and vertical loads applied to the
`horizontal diaphragms which resist horizontal and vertical loads applied to the
`structure. This form of construction is used in the majority of single family homes in
`structure. This form of construction is used in the majority of single family homes in
`
`is
`15 (cid:9)
`
`the United States, as well as a significant portion of multi-family, commercial and
`the United States, as well as a significant portion of multi-family, commercial and
`
`industrial facilities.
`industrial facilities.
`While the system has generally performed well, the economic losses in the
`While the system has generally performed well, the economic losses in the
`United States due to natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes and tornadoes,
`United States due to natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes and tornadoes,
`have been mounting. The economic losses caused by these natural disasters in the
`have been mounting. The economic losses caused by these natural disasters in the
`
`20 (cid:9) United States has averaged about $1 billion/week in recent years. Most of these losses
`United States has averaged about $1 billion/week in recent years. Most of these losses
`20
`are due to hurricanes (80%) and earthquakes (10%). For example, the loss of roof
`are due to hurricanes (80%) and earthquakes (10%). For example, the loss of roof
`
`sheathing under hurricane winds has often been attributed to improper fastening of the
`sheathing under hurricane winds has often been attributed to improper fastening of the
`
`sheathing to the framing, such as by the use of larger nail spacing than allowed by
`sheathing to the framing, such as by the use of larger nail spacing than allowed by
`code, nails missing the support framing members, or over-driven nails. Inadequate
`Inadequate
`code, nails missing the support framing members, or over-driven nails.
`
`25
`25 (cid:9)
`
`panel-to-framing nailing schedules do not allow the full shear strength of the panel to
`panel-to-framing nailing schedules do not allow the full shear strength of the panel to
`be deyeloped, resulting in premature failures of shear walls, possibly leading to severe
`be deyeloped, resulting in premature failures of shear walls, possibly leading to severe
`
`damage or collapse of the structure. Loss of sheathing in hurricanes weakens the roof
`damage or collapse of the structure. Loss of sheathing in hurricanes weakens the roof
`
`structure and can lead to roof failures. The water damage resulting from a loss of roof
`structure and can lead to roof failures. The water damage resulting from a loss of roof
`
`sheathing or roof failures has been a major contributor to economic losses in
`sheathing or roof failures has been a major contributor to economic losses in
`
`30
`30 (cid:9)
`
`hurricanes. Surveys also show that a significant portion of the damage resulting from
`hurricanes. Surveys also show that a significant portion of the damage resulting from
`
`1
`1
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`
`Ex. 1020, p. 2 of 26
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 2 of 26
`
`

`

`WO 01/62491 (cid:9)
`WO 01/62491
`
`PCT/US01/05705
`PCT/US01/05705
`
`hurricanes or earthquakes occurs in nonstructural parts of the home due to excessive
`hurricanes or earthquakes occurs in nonstructural parts of the home due to excessive
`deformation or movements of the structure. The cost to repair nonstructural damage
`deformation or movements of the structure. The cost to repair nonstructural damage
`
`often makes it necessary to rebuild the structure rather than to repair it.
`often makes it necessary to rebuild the structure rather than to repair it.
`
`While the knowledge to mitigate hurricane and earthquake damage exists
`While the knowledge to mitigate hurricane and earthquake damage exists
`
`5 (cid:9)
`5
`
`today, building code provisions are often misunderstood by builders, and compliance
`today, building code provisions are often misunderstood by builders, and compliance
`with regulations is difficult to enforce because of the difficulty of inspecting in the
`with regulations is difficult to enforce because of the difficulty of inspecting in the
`
`field. As a result, surveys show that a significant portion of the damage to homes and
`field. As a result, surveys show that a significant portion of the damage to homes and
`
`property caused by natural disasters is due to lack of conformance to codes. Improper
`Improper
`property caused by natural disasters is due to lack of conformance to codes.
`connections between walls at building corners, such as non-overlapping top plates or
`connections between walls at building comers, such as non-overlapping top plates or
`
`10
`10 (cid:9)
`
`improper or missing hold-downs to tie the shear walls to the foundations, are further
`improper or missing hold-downs to tie the shear walls to the foundations, are further
`
`examples of poor construction practices that are difficult to inspect.
`examples of poor construction practices that are difficult to inspect.
`
`Therefore, there is a need for easy-to-manufacture, inexpensive construction
`Therefore, there is a need for easy-to-manufacture, inexpensive constmction
`panels suitable for providing a strengthened and stiffened construction for improved
`panels suitable for providing a strengthened and stiffened construction for improved
`
`resistance to high wind loadings, and increased ductility and energy dissipation
`resistance to high wind loadings, and increased ductility and energy dissipation
`capacity to reduce earthquake damage. The construction panels should increase the
`capacity to reduce earthquake damage. The constmction panels should increase the
`strength and ductility of wood buildings and reduce the deformation of the buildings to
`strength and ductility of wood buildings and reduce the deformation of the buildings to
`
`limit damage to non-structural members.
`limit damage to non-structural members.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`The above objects as well as other objects not specifically enumerated are
`The above objects as well as other objects not specifically enumerated are
`achieved by a wood sheathing panel, suitable for use in building construction, that
`achieved by a wood sheathing panel, suitable for use in building constmction, that
`
`includes reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced polymer material incorporated into
`includes reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced polymer material incorporated into
`
`the panel. The reinforcement strips cover an area that is within the range of from
`the panel. The reinforcement strips cover an area that is within the range of from
`
`is
`15 (cid:9)
`
`20
`20 (cid:9)
`
`about 5 to about 50 percent of the surface area of the panel.
`about 5 to about 50 percent of the surface area of the panel.
`In a specific embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement strips of fiber
`In a specific embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement strips of fiber
`
`25
`25 (cid:9)
`
`reinforced plastic material are incorporated in the perimeter of the panel. In another
`reinforced plastic material are incorporated in the perimeter of the panel. In another
`
`specific embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced
`specific embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced
`
`plastic material are incorporated into the corners of the panel.
`plastic material are incorporated into the comers of the panel.
`
`In another specific embodiment of the invention, the spacing of the
`In another specific embodiment of the invention, the spacing of the
`intermittently incorporated reinforcement strips generally coincides with a standard
`intermittently incorporated reinforcement strips generally coincides with a standard
`
`30
`30 (cid:9)
`
`2
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`
`Ex. 1020, p. 3 of 26
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 3 of 26
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`WO 01/62491
`WO 01/62491
`
`PCT/US01/05705
`PCT/US01/05705
`
`spacing of framing members so that when the wood sheathing panel is applied to a
`spacing of framing members so that when the wood sheathing panel is applied to a
`
`building frame, the reinforcement strips are generally aligned with framing members
`building frame, the reinforcement strips are generally aligned with framing members
`
`of the building.
`of the building.
`According to this invention, there is also provided a plurality of wood sheathing
`According to this invention, there is also provided a plurality of wood sheathing
`
`5
`5 (cid:9)
`
`panels assembled together in building construction as one element of a group
`panels assembled together in building construction as one element of a group
`
`consisting essentially of shear walls, horizontal diaphragms and roof diaphragms,
`consisting essentially of shear walls, horizontal diaphragms and roof diaphragms,
`where the wood sheathing panels are suitable for use in building construction, and
`where the wood sheathing panels are suitable for use in building construction, and
`include reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced polymer material incorporated into the
`include reinforcement strips of fiber reinforced polymer material incorporated into the
`
`panel. The reinforcement strips cover an area that is within the range of from about 5
`panel. The reinforcement strips cover an area that is within the range of from about 5
`
`10 (cid:9)
`10
`
`to about 50 percent of the surface area of the panel.
`to about 50 percent of the surface area of the panel.
`Various objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent to those
`Various objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent to those
`
`skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment,
`skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment,
`
`when read in light of the accompanying drawings.
`when read in light of the accompanying drawings.
`
`1 5
`15 (cid:9)
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a building and roof incorporating the wood
`Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a building and roof incorporating the wood
`
`sheathing panels of the invention.
`sheathing panels of the invention.
`Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a panel assembly of two wood sheathing
`Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a panel assembly of two wood sheathing
`panels of the invention, indicating how the panels react to a lateral stress load.
`panels of the invention, indicating how the panels react to a lateral stress load.
`
`20
`20 (cid:9)
`
`Figuie 3 is a schematic plan view of a wood sheathing panel of the invention,
`Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a wood sheathing panel of the invention,
`
`showing corner tear-out in a panel.
`showing comer tear-out in a panel.
`Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of a wood sheathing panel having
`Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of a wood sheathing panel having
`
`reinforcement strips incorporated into the perimeter of the panel according to the
`reinforcement strips incorporated into the perimeter of the panel according to the
`
`invention.
`invention.
`Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of a wood sheathing panel having
`Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of a wood sheathing panel having
`
`25
`25 (cid:9)
`
`reinforcement strips in a truss arrangement according to the invention.
`reinforcement strips in a truss arrangement according to the invention.
`Figures 6-8 are schematic plan views of a wood sheathing panel having
`Figures 6-8 are schematic plan views of a wood sheathing panel having
`
`reinforcement strips in the corners according to the invention.
`reinforcement strips in the comers according to the invention.
`
`3
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 4 of 26
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 4 of 26
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`WO 01/62491
`WO 01/62491
`
`PCT/US01/05705
`PCT/US01/05705
`
`Figure 9 and 10 are schematic plan views of a wood sheathing panel having
`Figure 9 and 10 are schematic plan views of a wood sheathing panel having
`
`reinforcement strips incorporated intermittently into the panel according to the
`reinforcement strips incorporated intermittently into the panel according to the
`
`invention.
`invention.
`Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a wood sheathing
`Figure 1 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a wood sheathing
`
`5 (cid:9)
`5
`
`panel, illustrating reinforcement strips incorporated into the interior of the panel
`panel, illustrating reinforcement strips incorporated into the interior of the panel
`
`according to the invention.
`according to the invention.
`Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a wood sheathing
`Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a wood sheathing
`
`panel, illustrating reinforcement strips incorporated onto the major surfaces of the
`panel, illustrating reinforcement strips incorporated onto the major surfaces of the
`
`panel according to the invention.
`panel according to the invention.
`Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a wood sheathing
`Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a wood sheathing
`
`10
`10 (cid:9)
`
`panel, illustrating reinforcement strips incorporated into the interior of the panel,
`panel, illustrating reinforcement strips incorporated into the interior of the panel,
`
`positioned at various and different angles to the edges of the panel according to the
`positioned at various and different angles to the edges of the panel according to the
`
`invention.
`invention.
`Figure 14 illustrates a pure in-plane shear test being performed on a panel of the
`Figure 14 illustrates a pure in-plane shear test being performed on a panel of the
`
`15 invention.
`invention.
`15
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`In general, this invention consists of a simple and effective design for
`In general, this invention consists of a simple and effective design for
`
`reinforcing wood sheathing panels that can be used to strengthen conventional wood
`reinforcing wood sheathing panels that can be used to strengthen conventional wood
`
`20
`20 (cid:9)
`
`construction and increase its resistance to loading from blasts of various types, from
`construction and increase its resistance to loading from blasts of various types, from
`earthquakes, and from high winds such as generated by tornadoes or hurricanes. The
`earthquakes, and from high winds such as generated by tornadoes or hurricanes. The
`
`wood sheathing panels of the invention can be used with either wood, wood composite
`wood sheathing panels of the invention can be used with either wood, wood composite
`or steel framing. The wood sheathing panels of the invention, which can be for
`or steel framing. The wood sheathing panels of the invention, which can be for
`
`example fiber-reinforced Oriented Strand Boards (hereinafter "OSB") or plywood
`example fiber-reinforced Oriented Strand Boards (hereinafter "OSB") or plywood
`
`25
`25 (cid:9)
`
`panels, significantly improve the disaster resistance and lower the ownership cost of
`panels, significantly improve the disaster resistance and lower the ownership cost of
`conventional wood-frame construction. The invention involves incorporating
`conventional wood-frame construction. The invention involves incorporating
`
`synthetic fibers or fiber reinforced polymer (also known as fiber reinforced plastic),
`synthetic fibers or fiber reinforced polymer (also known as fiber reinforced plastic),
`
`both hereinafter referred to as "FRP strips" and also as "reinforcement strips") into
`both hereinafter referred to as "FRP strips" and also as "reinforcement strips") into
`
`wood sheathing panels used to build a structure or building to enhance the resistance
`wood sheathing panels used to build a structure or building to enhance the resistance
`of the structure to earthquakes and high winds from hurricanes and tornadoes. For
`of the structure to earthquakes and high winds from hurricanes and tornadoes. For
`
`30
`30 (cid:9)
`
`4
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 5 of 26
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 5 of 26
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`WO 01/62491 (cid:9)
`WO 01/62491
`
`PCT/US01/05705
`PCT/US01/05705
`
`purposes of this invention, wood sheathing includes plywood, OSB, and other wood
`purposes of this invention, wood sheathing includes plywood, OSB, and other wood
`based composite panels. The wood sheathing panels are preferably reinforced with
`based composite panels. The wood sheathing panels are preferably reinforced with
`
`such synthetic fibers as E-glass, carbon fibers, aramid fibers or combinations of these
`such synthetic fibers as E-glass, carbon fibers, aramid fibers or combinations of these
`
`fibers, although other reinforcement fibers can be used. To minimize costs, the
`fibers, although other reinforcement fibers can be used. To minimize costs, the
`
`5
`5 (cid:9)
`
`synthetic reinforcement is preferably highest in regions of the panels that have been
`synthetic reinforcement is preferably highest in regions of the panels that have been
`
`observed to fail under hurricane or earthquake loadings. The reinforcement is
`observed to fail under hurricane or earthquake loadings. The reinforcement is
`
`preferably oriented and adhered within the OSB or plywood panel in the regions of
`preferably oriented and adhered within the OSB or plywood panel in the regions of
`
`high stresses caused by the loading.
`high stresses caused by the loading.
`Benefits of the invention include addressing the problem of the splitting of the
`Benefits of the invention include addressing the problem of the splitting of the
`
`to (cid:9)
`10
`
`wood sheathing panels at the perimeter nails. Shear-wall failures are often
`wood sheathing panels at the perimeter nails. Shear-wall failures are often
`
`precipitated by inadequate nailing schedules, including small edge distances or large
`precipitated by inadequate nailing schedules, including small edge distances or large
`perimeter nail spacing. This situation can lead to edge splitting of the sheathing panel,
`perimeter nail spacing. This situation can lead to edge splitting of the sheathing panel,
`
`preventing the full shear capacity of the panel from being developed. The wood
`preventing the full shear capacity of the panel from being developed. The wood
`sheathing panel of the invention also addresses the loss of energy-dissipation capacity
`sheathing panel of the invention also addresses the loss of energy-dissipation capacity
`of wood shear walls under load cycling. Tests have shown that the enlargement of nail
`of wood shear walls under load cycling. Tests have shown that the enlargement of nail
`
`15
`15 (cid:9)
`
`holes of conventional panels due to localized crushing of panel fibers reduces the
`holes of conventional panels due to localized crushing of panel fibers reduces the
`energy-dissipation capabilities of shear walls after the initial load cycle. Also, the
`energy-dissipation capabilities of shear walls after the initial load cycle. Also, the
`wood sheathing panel of the invention addresses fracture of the sheathing panels near
`wood sheathing panel of the invention addresses fracture of the sheathing panels near
`
`the corners. Even with proper nailing schedules, stress concentrations near wall
`the comers. Even with proper nailing schedules, stress concentrations near wall
`openings have been observed to cause panel fracture at the corners. Problems with
`openings have been observed to cause panel fracture at the comers. Problems with
`
`20
`20 (cid:9)
`
`nail pull-out, nail-head pull-through, and over-driven nails are also reduced by use of
`nail pull-out, nail-head pull-through, and over-driven nails are also reduced by use of
`the wood sheathing panels of the invention. With increased nail lateral resistance,
`the wood sheathing panels of the invention. With increased nail lateral resistance,
`
`reduced minimum edge distance requirements, and increased panel strength, shear
`reduced minimum edge distance requirements, and increased panel strength, shear
`
`walls constructed from wood sheathing panels according to the invention will be less
`walls consfructed from wood sheathing panels according to the invention will be less
`
`25
`25 (cid:9)
`
`sensitive to construction errors. Total building ownership costs, including insurance
`sensitive to constmction errors. Total building ownership costs, including insurance
`
`and reconstruction costs, will be lowered because of the reduced risk of life, injury,
`and reconstmction costs, will be lowered because of the reduced risk of life, injury,
`and property destruction from natural hazards, and significantly reduced structural and
`and property destmction from natural hazards, and significantly reduced structural and
`
`nonstructural damage caused by hurricane and seismic events.
`nonstructural damage caused by hurricane and seismic events.
`Shear wall failures are often precipitated by inadequate panel perimeter nail
`Shear wall failures are often precipitated by inadequate panel perimeter nail
`
`30
`30 (cid:9)
`
`edge distance or by exceeding the allowed perimeter nail spacing. These poor nailing
`edge distance or by exceeding the allowed perimeter nail spacing. These poor nailing
`
`5
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`
`Ex. 1020, p. 6 of 26
`
`Petitioner - Owens Corning
`Ex. 1020, p. 6 of 26
`
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`(cid:9)
`

`

`WO 01/62491
`WO 01/62491
`
`PCT/US01/05705
`PCT/US01/05705
`
`techniques lead to edge splitting of the sheathing panel, preventing the full shear
`techniques lead to edge splitting of the sheathing panel, preventing the full shear
`capacity of the panel from being developed. Building failures in earthquake events
`capacity of the panel from being developed. Building failures in earthquake events
`usually occur due to nail pullout or edge splitting. The energy dissipation capacity of
`usually occur due to nail pullout or edge splitting. The energy dissipation capacity of
`
`a building structure can be diminished under load cycling. The enlarging of nail holes
`a building structure can be diminished under load cycling. The enlarging of nail holes
`
`5
`5 (cid:9)
`
`due to localized crushing of panel fibers reduces the energy dissipation capabilities of
`due to localized crushing of panel fibers reduces the energy dissipation capabilities of
`shear walls after the initial load cycle. The loss of capacity in constant displacement
`shear walls after the initial load cycle. The loss of capacity in constant displacement
`
`cyclic load tests may be due to localized crushing of wood fibers around the nails.
`cyclic load tests may be due to localized crushing of wood fibers around the nails.
`
`Another failure mechanism involves fracture of sheathing panels near the corners. If
`Another failure mechanism involves fracture of sheathing panels near the comers. If
`nailing is sufficient to develop the full panel strength, stress concentrations near wall
`nailing is sufficient to develop the full panel strength, stress concentrations near wall
`
`10
`10 (cid:9)
`
`openings have been observed to cause panel fracture. Nail pullout, nail head pull-
`openings have been observed to cause panel fracture. Nail pullout, nail head pull-
`
`through, and over-driven nails can all significantly reduce nail holding capacity.
`through, and over-driven nails can all significantly reduce nail holding capacity.
`The wood sheathing panels of the invention are suitable for use in building
`The wood sheathing panels of the invention are suitable for use in building
`
`construction. As shown in Figure 1, a building, indicated generally at 10, is comprised
`constmction. As shown in Figure 1, a building, indicated generally at 10, is comprised
`
`of longitudinal walls 12, end walls 14, roof 16 and foundation 18. The longitudinal
`of longitudinal walls 12, end walls 14, roof 16 and foundation 18. The longitudinal
`walls 12 and end walls 14 are exterior shear walls. The cutaway portion of Figure 1
`walls 12 and end walls 14 are exterior shear walls. The cutaway portion of Figure 1
`
`is
`15 (cid:9)
`
`reveals representative horizontal floor diaphragms 20 and 22, and interior shear walls
`reveals representative horizontal floor diaphragms 20 and 22, and interior shear walls
`24 and 26. The cutaway also shows that the roof 16 is comprised of roof diaphragms
`24 and 26. The cutaway also shows that the roof 16 is comprised of roof diaphragms
`28. The roof 16 is covered with an exterior roof covering in the form of shingles 30.
`28. The roof 16 is covered with an exterior roof covering in the form of shingles 30.
`One problem as