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`
` UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
` BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`SERVICENOW, INC.,
` Petitioner,
`vs. IPR2015-00631
` Patent No. 7,392,300
`HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY,
` Patent Owner.
`_________________________/
`
` VIDEOTAPED DEPOSITION OF TAL LAVIAN, Ph.D.
` PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA
` FRIDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2015
`
`BY: ANDREA M. IGNACIO, CSR, RPR, CRR, CCRR, CLR
` CSR LICENSE NO. 9830
` JOB NO. 99057
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`Page 2
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` UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
` BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`SERVICENOW, INC.,
` Petitioner,
`vs. IPR2015-00631
` Patent No. 7,392,300
`HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY,
` Patent Owner.
`_________________________/
`
` Videotaped deposition of Tal Lavian, Ph.D., taken
` on behalf of the Defendants, at Cooley LLP,
` 3175 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, California,
` Pursuant to Notice, before me, ANDREA M. IGNACIO,
` CSR, RPR, CRR, CCRR, CLR ~ CSR License No. 9830.
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`A P P E A R A N C E S:
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`Page 3
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` ON BEHALF OF THE PETITIONER:
` COOLEY
` By: ANDREW MACE, Esq.
` 3175 Hanover Street
` Palo Alto, California 94304
`
` ON BEHALF OF THE PATENT OWNER:
` WILMERHALE
` By: JOSEPH HAAG, Esq.
` 950 Page Mill Road
` Palo Alto, California 94304
`
` ALSO PRESENT: Aric Kerhoulas, Videographer
`
` ---oOo---
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` PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA
` FRIDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2015
` 9:04 A.M.
`
`Page 4
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` THE VIDEOGRAPHER: Good morning. This marks
`the beginning of tape 1 of the videotaped deposition
`of Dr. Tal Lavian.
` In the matter of ServiceNow, Incorporated
`versus Hewlett-Packard Company. In the United States
`Patent and Trademark Office before the Patent Trial
`and Appeal Board. Case No. IPR 2015-00631.
` This deposition is being held in the office
`of Cooley, at 3175 Hanover Street in Palo Alto,
`California. The date today is October 30, 2015. The
`time is approximately 9:04 a.m.
` My name is Aric Kerhoulas from TSG Reporting.
`Our court reporter today is Andrea Ignacio, in
`association with TSG.
` Will counsel please introduce yourselves for
`the record.
` MR. HAAG: Joseph Haag from Wilmer Hale,
`representing the patent owner Hewlett-Packard.
` MR. MACE: Andrew Mace with Cooley, for the
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`petitioner ServiceNow.
` THE VIDEOGRAPHER: Will the court reporter
`please swear in the witness.
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` TAL LAVIAN, Ph.D.,
` having been sworn as a witness
` by the Certified Shorthand Reporter,
` testified as follows:
`
` THE VIDEOGRAPHER: Please proceed.
`
` EXAMINATION
`BY MR. HAAG:
` Q Good morning.
` A Good morning.
` Q Can you please state your full name for the
`record.
` A Tal Lavian.
` Q Is it Dr. Lavian?
` A Dr. Tal Lavian.
` Q And can you describe your educational
`background for me, please.
` A Yes.
` I did bachelor in computer science -- in
`mathematic and computer science in Tel Aviv
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`University; master's in electrical engineering,
`Tel Aviv University, and Ph.D. in computer science,
`focused on network communications, at UC Berkeley.
` Q Am I right that you've been deposed before?
` A Yes.
` Q Roughly, how many times have you been
`deposed?
` A 25 -- 25-ish.
` Q And were those all -- were those depositions
`all when you were an expert witness?
` A Yes.
` Q You've never been deposed as a fact witness?
` A I was deposed once as a fact witness.
` Q Were the depositions you've had all in patent
`cases?
` A Can you please repeat the question.
` Q Sure.
` Were the depositions that you've -- you've
`given been all in patent cases?
` A Almost all of them.
` Q What were the other ones?
` A I had one related to network communication
`infrastructure in hospital, one -- the communication
`part of it, and one on e-mail system and the way that
`e-mail system in iPhone works. I believe that was the
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`one. The two are not related to patent, but
`technology.
` Q So you understand I'm going to be asking you
`a series of questions here today; right?
` A Yes.
` Q You understand you're under oath?
` A Yes.
` Q You're going to try to answer the questions
`as best you can; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And if you don't understand a question,
`you'll let me know; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Can you tell me what your area of expertise
`is.
` A Network communications.
` Q Do you have work experience in that field?
` A Yes.
` Q Where?
` A I have work experience total of about 27,
`28 years. I worked in different companies.
` Q Which companies?
` A They are listed in my résumé. Currently, I
`work -- I will go backwards. Currently, I'm working
`at TelecommNet and VisuMenu. Before, I worked for
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`Nortel Networks. It was part of Bay Networks before
`then.
` That's the last 20 years that I'm in the
`United States.
` Before then, I worked in Israel for start-up
`called Aptel -- Aptel Communications. Before, I
`worked for another company called Scitex that now is
`part of HP. I worked before for Shalev. And before
`then, I have other projects, but as students, not --
`before I finished my -- my education.
` Q And what type of products did Scitex make?
` A Scitex makes products that are related to
`image processing, printing documents. And basically,
`they have very large advanced -- one of the most
`advanced companies in Israel, that developed at that
`time the latest processing -- image processing
`products.
` Q Image processing for what purpose?
` A For printing.
` Q For printing. Okay. Thank you.
` Did you do anything to prepare for your
`deposition here today?
` A Yes.
` Q What?
` A Read the materials, prepared the material.
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` Q What do you mean by "read the materials"?
` A There are several patent related. They are
`my declaration, all kinds of documents related to the
`case, and went over all of them.
` Q Did you meet with your attorneys?
` A Yes.
` Q Who?
` A I met with Andrew Mace.
` Q Anyone else?
` A Yes.
` At some point, I had a short meeting with
`Mark --
` THE WITNESS: Mark; yes?
` MR. HAAG: Q. Is that Mark Weinstein?
` A I be- -- I believe. I -- that's the first
`time I met with him. I think he's the boss of -- of
`Andrew.
` Q Okay.
` A I think it's Mark Weinstein. I don't know.
` Q Okay. Someone named Mark, though, who works
`at Cooley?
` A Yes.
` Q Okay. Fair enough.
` And how long was your meeting with Mr. Mace?
` A I met with him several times.
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` Q Did you meet with him yesterday?
` A Yes.
` Q How long was that meeting?
` A About three or four hours.
` Q Did you meet with him the day before?
` A No.
` Q When else did you meet with him?
` A I met with him several other times in the
`last -- several other times.
` Q When?
` A For example, I believe earlier this week, and
`I believe the week before.
` Q How long did you meet with him earlier this
`week?
` A Less than a day.
` Q Half a day?
` A Half a day.
` Q Two hours?
` A Half a day.
` Q Okay. So, you met with him for three or four
`hours yesterday; is that right?
` A Yes.
` Q And for half a day sometime earlier this week
`before yesterday?
` A Yes.
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` Q And you also met with him last week; is that
`right?
` A Last week.
` Q For how long?
` A About half a day.
` Q How much time did you spend preparing for
`your deposition here today?
` A I didn't count. I spent some time in the
`last week reading, preparing.
` Q Can you give me an estimate of how much time
`you've spent preparing for your deposition here today.
` A Several days. Several days, basically. The
`last two weeks, several hours per day.
` Q Now, earlier you prepared a declaration for
`this matter; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And you'll understand me if I refer to the
`'300 patent?
` A Yes.
` Q Your opinions relate to the '300 patent;
`right?
` A Yes.
` Q That's HP's patent in this matter; right?
` A Yes.
` Q So, you prepared a declaration; right?
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` A Yes.
` Q Can you tell me roughly how much time you
`spent preparing that declaration?
` A It was almost a year ago. I don't remember
`the exact time.
` Q It appears you signed it on January 28th,
`2015.
` Does that sound about right?
` A Yes, that's -- yes.
` Q Do you have an estimate how much time you
`spent working on your declaration?
` A I don't have it in front of me right now.
` Q Was it -- go ahead.
` A I don't know exactly.
` Q Do you have an estimate?
` A It was a few weeks. I don't remember how
`long.
` Q How much time over a few weeks?
` A I -- I need to look at my records. I cannot
`know. I worked on several cases. I don't know how
`much time I worked on each one of them.
` Q Is it closer to ten hours or 100 hours?
` A It's -- I was paid very well, so it's closer
`to -- I don't know what -- I think that I was paid a
`large amount. So I don't know the exact time, but
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`definitely way more than ten hours.
` Q You get paid by the hour; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Okay. So maybe you spent closer to 100 hours
`than ten hours.
` Does that sound right?
` A Somewhere in between. I don't know exactly
`how much in each case.
` Q Did you find any of the prior art that you
`described in your declaration?
` A No.
` Q Had you heard of any of the prior art in your
`declaration before your work on this matter?
` A No.
` Q Am I right that you're an IEEE senior member?
` A Yes.
` Q Can you tell me what a senior member is at
`the IEEE.
` A IEEE is an organization of engineering. I
`believe it's the largest organization of engineering.
`And they have several level of ranks, and within one
`of the ranks that they have.
` Q And what -- did you have to do something to
`become a senior member of the IEEE?
` A They have some -- I don't know what exactly
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`the requirements to get -- you have to go -- to send
`the application, get several people to sign on it,
`evaluate your level. And if you pass what they asked,
`the requirements, you get ranked.
` Q Is it an award of sorts to be an IEEE senior
`member?
` A Is it what?
` Q Is that an award, or is it just anyone who
`pays the fee?
` A No, no, no, you cannot just pay the fee, no.
`You have to meet some criteria of a publication, work
`experience, work in front of committee.
` Q And am I right that you've worked then in
`IEEE committees?
` A I was in a part of IEEE committees, yes.
` Q And what did those committees relate to?
` And let -- let me -- that wasn't a great
`question. Let me try that again.
` What technical areas did the IEEE committees
`work on for the ones that you worked on?
` A I don't remember the exact ones in the last
`20-some years. But in general, my area of expertise
`is network communications, and I focus on things
`related to network communications.
` Q Am I right that you're a member in ACM?
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` A Yes.
` Q What is that?
` A ACM is the largest organization of computer
`scientists.
` Q And what does ACM work on, if anything?
` A ACM works on different aspects of computer
`science. More specifically, I'm a member of groups
`that are related to network communications.
` Q Are you all right?
` A Water.
` Q Okay. You got a Ph.D. from the University of
`California at Berkeley; is that right?
` A Yes.
` Q What year did you get that Ph.D.?
` A 2006.
` Q What year did you get your B.S. degree?
` A I believe 1990 -- 1987.
` Q What did you get your Ph.D. in?
` A Computer science, with focus on network
`communications.
` Q When you say "network communications," can
`you tell me what you mean.
` A Network communications includes several
`areas: Telecommunications, Internet protocols,
`wireless, many different aspects of communicating
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`between computers.
` Q And what areas do you specialize in within
`network communications?
` A I worked -- for many years I worked on
`different projects, different protocol. And I was
`exposed to different -- in different projects, I was
`exposed to different topics. I can specialize in only
`what I do, and I'm trying to be very narrow.
` Q Did you say "I'm trying to be very narrow"?
` A I -- when I'm working on areas, I'm trying to
`focus only on areas that I prefer or I like in very
`narrow of an expertise.
` Q Okay. So you've worked on Internet protocols
`in the past; is that right?
` A Yes.
` Q Am I right that you've worked on cellular
`systems?
` A Yes.
` Q Have you worked on cellular standards?
` A Not directly. I never worked on the standard
`directly.
` Q What have you worked on in the cellular
`systems area?
` A I work in different aspects that's related to
`systems, starting for working in Aptel -- Aptel
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`Telecommunications. I worked on a technology that --
`two-way paging that was related of Part 15 -- FCC
`Part 15. That was in about 1993/1994.
` I worked at Bay Networks on different
`technologies that -- starting with mobile IP,
`wireless, 802.11. Worked later on integration of
`protocols and start as part of a 2G, 3G.
` I'm working now on my own start-up that's
`also related to mobile devices.
` Q In what way?
` A In my start-up, I developed a appli- -- a
`search engine for the phone system and the
`applications that can ride [sic] the interactive voice
`response of the phone system on mobile devices
`automatically instead of by human.
` Q Have you ever heard of the field of IT
`service management?
` A Yes.
` Q What is that?
` A IT is a complicated area that related to many
`fields of providing IT services to -- to people,
`organization, computers.
` Q And by "IT," do you understand me to mean
`information technology?
` A Yes.
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` Q Have you worked in the IT service management
`space?
` A In the last 30-some years, I'm exposed
`main -- basically, I'm working in IT, yes.
` Q Where or when?
` A All of my companies, all the stuff that --
`all the work that I'm working is in the area of IT.
` Q Have you worked on IT service management?
` So just -- I think -- I think when you were
`answering my question, you referred to working in the
`IT space.
` I'm actually asking about IT service
`management, or ITSM, if you've heard that acronym.
` So my question for you is: Have you worked
`in the IT service management space?
` A I worked on -- in the IT system general,
`including all the components of -- many components of
`IT; more specifically, inside the IT in network
`communications.
` Q Have you worked in the service management
`space for IT?
` A Quite a bit of the work that I developed
`related to service management. Even my start-up
`today, you could say part of it is network
`communication, the protocols. Part of this is IT, and
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`part of it is to manage the services and the functions
`that are doing all direct service management.
` (Document marked Exhibit 1003
` for identification.)
` MR. HAAG: We've got a big table to reach
`across here today.
` MR. MACE: Thanks.
` MR. HAAG: Q. Dr. Lavian, am I saying your
`name right?
` A Yes.
` Q It's Lavian?
` A Yeah.
` Q Okay. Correct me if I get it wrong. I
`apologize in advance.
` Dr. Lavian, I've -- I've handed you a copy of
`what the court reporter has marked as Lavian
`Exhibit 1003. This is also ServiceNow's Exhibit 1003.
` And this is the Matheny patent application;
`is that right?
` A Yes.
` Q You're familiar with this patent application;
`correct?
` A Yes.
` Q This is a published patent application;
`right?
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` A Yes.
` Q You'll understand me if I refer to this as
`Matheny?
` A Yes.
` Q You've reviewed the Matheny reference before;
`right?
` A Yes.
` Q Have you spent quite a bit of time reviewing
`it over the last year or so?
` A Yes.
` Q If you -- why don't we just turn to Figure 1
`right now of Exhibit 1003.
` A (Witness complies.)
` Q And Figure 1 shows a network computer system;
`right?
` A Part of network computer systems, yes.
` Q And one thing it shows is a "Network
`Management System 102" in the upper part of the
`drawing; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And that network management system includes a
`discovery agent; correct?
` A Yes.
` Q Actually, it looks like it might be meant to
`depict multiple discovery agents.
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` Am I getting that right?
` A Yes.
` Q Can you tell me what the discovery agents do
`in Matheny.
` A Discovery agents discover the elements of the
`networks and -- and get the information.
` Q What do you mean by "elements of the
`networks"?
` A Network include many different computers,
`servers, printers, and other devices, and get all the
`information.
` Q So, if you look --
` A Discover them, basically.
` Q So, if you look in Figure 1, some of the
`devices that might be discovered are shown at the
`bottom as "Network Device 110"; right?
` A One example, yes.
` Q Have you ever worked on discovery systems for
`networks?
` A I worked on network management systems and
`part of network management. One element of network
`management is discovery.
` Q And have you worked in that discovery area?
` A Yes.
` Q Where?
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` A All of my -- large portion of my career I
`worked in network management, and part of it is
`discovery. Part of it is network management. Part of
`network management is discovery.
` Q So, am I right that the discovery agents in
`Matheny are used to collect information about the
`network?
` A Yes.
` Q And then Matheny describes a process of
`coalescing this information; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Why don't you turn to Figure 5 of Matheny.
` A (Witness complies.)
` Q Before we get into Figure 5, can you -- you
`brought a number of documents with you here today;
`correct, Dr. Lavian?
` A Yes, yes.
` Q Can you tell me what those documents are.
` A These documents are the patents in my
`declaration with the exact marking as I marked them in
`my declaration.
` Q Okay. So right now, you're not looking at
`the Matheny reference that I marked as Exhibit 1003;
`right?
` A I'm looking on the same document that I
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`brought with myself.
` Q You're looking at a document that you brought
`with you, that has every place within Matheny that you
`cited, highlighted; correct?
` A Highlighted or -- if it's written, it's
`highlighted. The text is highlighted. It just
`referenced as red rectangle.
` Q What does a red rectangle reference?
` A If I called -- if I referenced, for example,
`Figure 5, so Figure 5 is marked as red rectangle.
` Q Do you have any other notes on the Matheny --
` A No.
` Q -- reference that you are reviewing right
`now?
` A No.
` Q So, are you on Figure 5 of Matheny?
` A Yes.
` Q The first thing it says is:
` "Create discovery document."
` Right?
` A Yes.
` Q And the discovery document is something that
`you've cited in your declaration; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Then step 504 says:
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` "Copy data for discovered machine. Form
`generated discovery files into discovery document."
` Do you see that?
` A Yes.
` Q And the next step says:
` "Compare new data for discovered machine to
`data in discovery document."
` Right?
` A Yes.
` Q And then step 508 says:
` "Eliminate duplicate data."
` Right?
` A Yes.
` Q So the information is first copied into the
`discovery document; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And then, if there are duplicate -- if there
`is duplicate data about, for instance, the same
`device, it will be deleted; right?
` A That's one example.
` Q And Matheny refers to this as a coalescing
`operation; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And am I right that Matheny is primarily
`directed to a discovery process?
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` A In high level, yes.
` Q Matheny doesn't have a lot of details about
`how the discovery document is actually put into use
`after it's created; correct?
` A In high level, you are correct.
` Q If you could turn to paragraph 24 of Matheny.
` A (Witness complies.)
` Q Are you there, sir?
` A Yes, please.
` Q And paragraph 24 is a paragraph that you
`cited in your declaration; right?
` A Yes.
` Q You know that because it's highlighted on
`your personal copy of Matheny; right?
` A More than it. More than this. I know it,
`yes.
` Q But paragraph 24 is highlighted on your
`personal copy of Matheny; correct?
` A Yes.
` Q You've read paragraph 24?
` A Yes.
` Q Probably several times; right?
` A Yes.
` Q You're pretty familiar with it?
` A Yes.
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` Q And it refers to Figure 5; right?
` A Yes.
` Q We just discussed Figure 5 a few moments ago;
`right?
` A Yes.
` Q What paragraph 24 starts off saying is that,
`after the first aggregator agent completes the
`network --
` A Which line are you?
` Q I'm on line 25.
` And why don't you read for us out loud the
`sentence that begins on line 25.
` A Line 25?
` Q Oh, I'm sorry. You're right. These are not
`lines; are they?
` So I'm in paragraph 24 of Matheny; okay?
` A Okay.
` Q And I'd like you to read out loud the second
`full sentence of paragraph 24; okay?
` A "The network manager" -- "The network manager
`104 looks so the information in all discovery files
`for the discovered devices generated and appended by
`the versus discovery and aggregator agents and" --
`copy -- "copies the data into the discovery document
`block 504."
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` Q Okay. And you actually just read the third
`sentence of paragraph 24; right?
` MR. MACE: I think it's the fourth one.
` MR. HAAG: Oh, is that the fourth sentence?
` THE WITNESS: Okay.
` MR. HAAG: That's right.
` Q You just read the fourth sentence of
`paragraph --
` A Oh, okay.
` Q -- 24; right?
` A Oh, yes.
` Q Okay. That's fine.
` Can you find the second sentence?
` A Yes.
` Q It's the one that begins with "after"; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Can you read that one out loud for me,
`please.
` A "After the first" -- "After the first
`aggregator agent completes, the network manager 104
`may create a discovery document and begin to coalesce
`the discovered and aggregated information block 502."
` Q Okay. So now, that sentence refers to a
`discovery document; right?
` A Yes.
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` Q And so this paragraph in Figure 5 are
`showing, at least in part, the creation of a discovery
`document; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Now, I'm going to go back to the fourth
`sentence that you just read out loud a moment ago;
`okay? Okay?
` A Okay.
` Q Now, that sentence refers to:
` "The discovery manager 104 loops through the
`information in all of the discovery files for the
`discovered devices generated and appended by the
`various discovery and aggregator agents and copies the
`data into the discovery document block 504."
` A Yes.
` Q Did I read that correctly?
` A Yes.
` Q So again, it refers to the discovery
`document; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And it refers to the discovery files for the
`discovered devices; right?
` A Including them, yes.
` Q So, you agree with me that the coalescing
`process includes in the discovery document,
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`information from the discovery files for discovered
`devices; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Now, paragraph 24 does not refer to a
`relationship file; does it?
` A No, you are wrong.
` Q Well, let's look, sir. Why don't you look at
`paragraph 22.
` A (Witness complies.)
` Q Are you there, sir?
` A Yes.
` Q Can you read out loud for us the first
`sentence in paragraph 22.
` A Yes.
` "The discovery agent may also create a
`relationship file which indicates how the discovered
`nodes relate to each other."
` Q So there's something called the relationship
`file in Matheny; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And those are created by one or more
`discovery agents; is that correct?
` A Yes.
` Q Now, the sentence you read out loud from
`paragraph 22 said the discovery agent may also create
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`a relationship file; right?
` A Yes.
` Q And so, by the word "also," they're referring
`to the fact that earlier, the discovery process was
`used to create information about discovered devices;
`right?
` A Yes.
` Q So the discovery process finds information
`about discovered devices; correct?
` A Yes.
` Q And it also finds information about
`relationships between devices; correct?
` A Yes.
` Q Now, if we go back to paragraph 24, the
`fourth sentence, it refers to discovery files for the
`discovered devices; correct?
` A Yes.
` Q Paragraph 24 does not use the word
`"relationship"; correct?
` A The -- it said the network manager looks for
`the information in all discovery files.
` Q Okay. Let's focus on my question; okay, sir?
` A Yes.
` Q Can you do that for me?
` A Sure.
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` Q Paragraph 24 does not use the word
`"relationship"; correct?
` A If you look specifically on the word, it's
`not used the word, but it talks about all the
`discovery files.
` Q So the answer --
` A All the information discovery files, yes.
` Q So the answer to my question is correct.
`Paragraph 24 does not use the word "relationship";
`right?
` A If the question is related to the word
`itself, the word is not -- does not exist in
`paragraph 24.
` Q Paragraph 24 also does not explicitly refer
`to relationship files; correct?
` A Paragraph 24 specifically related to
`discovery files. And discovery files including the
`relationship file.
` Q So, it's your opinion that the discovery
`files shown in paragraph 24 includes relationship
`files? Is that your opinion?
` A The discovery documents are related to all
`the files generated by the discovery agent.
` Q Well, let's -- let's step back, sir.
` A Let me finish.
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` Q But, sir --
` A You asked me a question. Let me finish.
` Q I'm going to -- I'm going to -- I'm going to
`cut you off because I want to make sure we get our
`terminology right.
` The discovery document is the result of the
`coalescing process; right?
` A Discovery document is part of the -- result
`of the coalescing, yes.
` Q So I think you meant to refer to discovery
`files; right?
` A No.
` Q Okay. But I just want to make sure we're
`getting something straight. Matheny refers to
`discovery files; right?
` A You cut me off. You didn't let me finish.
` Q Sir, I'm just asking you a different question
`right now.
` A Okay.
` Q Matheny refers to discovery files; right?
` A Yes.
` Q Matheny also refers to a discovery document;
`right?
` A Yes.
` Q Those are two different things; right?
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` A Yes.
` Q Now, we agree that paragraph 24 does not
`refer to a relationship file; right?
` A I disagree.
` Q Let me -- let me rephrase that question.
` We agree that paragraph 24 does not
`explicitly refer to a relationship file; correct?
` A The word "relationship" does not exist in
`paragraph 24.
` Q You believe that paragraph 24's mention of
`discovery files means that that includes relationship
`files? Am I getting that right?
` A The discovery files are all the documents in
`the discovery dictionary -- directory created in
`paragraph 17. And basically, it's a process of
`paragraphs 17, 18, and 19 that discusses the creation
`of different types -- different types of discovery
`files. And there are different types of files -- in
`general, XML files -- as part of the discovery process
`that are in the discovery folder mentioned in
`paragraph 17, 18, 19, and 20.
` Q So, you used the term "discovery folder."
` Do you mean discovery database?
` A No. I mean discovery folder.
` Q Where does it use that phrase?
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` A It's called in the agent directory.
` Q Where are you looking, sir?
` A Directory mean folder.
` Q Where are you looking, sir?
` A Paragraph 17, fourth line.
` Q So I just want to make sure I'm understanding
`you. I think you referred to a discovery folder; is
`that right?
` A Yes.
` Q And you're saying that th

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