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`
`
`' "ANSI/IEEE Std 100-1988
`Fourth Edition
`
`IEEE
`
`Standard Dictionary
`of
`‘
`
`Electrical and
`ElectroniCS _
`Terms
`
`2
`
`J. A. Goetz
`Chairman
`Standards Coordinating Committee
`on Definitions (SCC 10)
`.
`
`Membership
`Gelperin, D.
`Guifridda, T. S.
`‘ Goldberg, A. A.
`Graube, M.
`Griffin, C. H.
`Heirman, D. N.
`Horch, J. W.
`James, R. E.
`Karady, G. G.
`Key, T. S.
`Kieburtz, R. B.
`Kincaid, M. R.
`_Klein, R. J.
`Klopfenstein, A.
`Koepfin'ger, J. L.
`Lensner, W.
`Masiello, R. D.
`Meitzler, A. H.
`Michael, D. T.
`Michaels, E. J.
`Migliaro, H. W.
`Mikulecky, H. W.
`Moore, H. R.
`Mukhedir, D.
`Muller, C. R.
`O’Donnell, R. M.
`Petersons, 0.
`
`.
`Radatz, J.
`Reymers, H. E.
`-_Roberts, D. E.
`Rosenthal, S. W.
`Rothenbukler, W. N.
`Sabath, J.
`.
`Shea, R. F.
`Showers, R. M;
`Skomal, E. N.
`Smith, T. R.
`Smith, E. P.
`Smolin, M.
`Snyder, J. H.
`Spurgin/A. J.
`Stephenson, D.
`Stepniak, F.
`Stewart, R. G.
`Swinth, K. L.
`Tice, G. D.
`Turgel, R. S.
`Thomas, L. W., Sr.
`'Vance, E. E.
`Wagner, C. L.
`Walter, F. J.
`Weinschel, B. O.
`. Zitovsky, S; A.
`
`Frank Jay
`Editor in Chief
`
`Ashcroft, D. L.
`Azbill, D. C.
`Ball, R. D.
`Balaska, T. A.
`Bauer, J. T., Jr.
`Blasewitz, R. M.
`Boberg, R. M.
`Boulter’, E. A.
`Frewin, L. F.
`Bucholz, W.
`Buckley, F. J.
`Cannon, J. B.
`Cantrell, R. W.
`Chartier, V. L.
`Cherney, E. A.
`Compton, O. R.
`Costrell, L.
`Davis, A. M.
`Denbrock, F.
`DiBlasio, R.
`Donnan, R. A.
`Duvall, L. M.
`Elliott, C. J.
`Erickson, C. J.
`Flick, C,
`Freeman, M.
`
`Published by
`The Institute of, Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
`, New York, NY
`
`°
`
`hazrman
`
`ung
`haelilt
`isher
`16
`,on
`
`d
`get
`66
`
`|PR2015-.OO631
`
`ServiceNow v. HP
`
`Exhibit 2003
`
`

`

`Library of Congress Catalog Number 88-082198
`ISBN: 1-55937-000-9
`
`© Copyright 1988
`The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
`
`No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form,
`' in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
`without the prior written permission of the publisher.
`
`SH12070
`
`November 3, 1988
`
`

`

`essential performance requirements
`
`345
`
`’
`
`exchange
`
`low enough so that thetest currents under considera-
`tion would cause less than five (5) percent distortion
`‘ (instantaneous) in the voltage amplitude or waveshape
`at the load terminals.
`95
`essential performance requirements (nuclear power
`generating stations). Requirements that must be met
`if a component,,module, or channel is to carry out its
`part in the implementation of a protective function
`109
`essential process control (electric pipe heating sys-
`tems). The use of electric pipe heating systems to
`increase or maintain or both, the temperature of fluids
`(or processes) in desirably available or essential me-
`chanical piping systems including ,: pipes, pumps,
`valves,
`tanks,
`instrumentation, etcetera,
`in fossil
`fueledgenerating stations An example of an essential
`process control system is the heatingfor the fuel oil
`system.
`.
`448
`estimated life (performance) (thermal classification of
`electric equipment and electrical insulation). The ex-
`pected useful service life based upon service experi-
`ence or the results of tests performed in accordance
`with appropriate evaluation procedures established by
`the responsible technical committee, or both.
`506
`.
`’
`estimated position (navigation aid terms). Themost
`’ probable position of acraft determined from incom-
`plete data or data of questionable accuracy.
`526
`EU. See: erythemal flux.
`_
`evacuating equipment. The. assembly of vacuum
`pumps, instruments, and other parts formaintaining
`and indicating the vacuum. See:‘rectification.
`- 328
`.
`"
`evanescent field (fiber optics). A time varying electro-
`magnetic field whose amplitude decreases monotoni-
`cally, but without an accompanying phase shift, in a
`particular direction is said to be evanescent in that
`direction”
`.
`433
`evanescent mode.(cutoff mode) (waveguide). A field
`configuration in a aneguide such that the amplitude
`of the field diminishes along the waveguide, but the
`phase is unchanged.- The frequency of this mode is less
`than the critical frequency. See: waveguide.
`179
`evanescent mode. See: cutoff mode.
`evanescent waveguide.- See: cutoff waveguide.
`event (1)(supervisory control, data acquisition, and
`automatic Control)(station control and data acquisi-
`tion). A discretechange of state (status) of a system
`or device
`570, 403
`(2) (sequential events recording systems) A change
`in a process or a change in operation of equipment
`which is detected by bistable sensors.
`‘
`48
`event recognition (sequential events recording sys-
`tems). The capability to detect and process changes of
`state ofone or more inputs.
`’
`.
`48
`everyday load (composite insulators). The bare con-
`ductor weight and wind load that predominates for the
`greatest period of time over the life of aline.
`-
`483
`evh (power line maintenance). See: extra high voltage.458
`
`E-viton. See: erythemalflux.
`evolving fault (power switchgear). A change in the
`current during interruption whereby the magnitude of‘
`current increases to a fault current or to a higher value
`of fault current in one or more phases.
`.
`103
`EW (radar). (l) Abbreviation for early warning. (2)
`Abbreviation for electronic warfare.
`13
`
`‘
`
`(2) (radar). Refers to the signal after envelope or
`phase detection, which in early radar'was the dis-
`played signal. Contains the relevant radar information
`after removal of the carrier frequency
`.
`l3
`exalted carrier reception. See: reconditioned carrier
`reception.
`exception (software). An event that causes suspension
`of normal program execution- See: program execu-.
`tion.
`7
`I
`‘
`434
`exception condition (logical link'control). The condi-
`tion assumed by a logical link control (LLC) upon
`receipt of a command protocol data ,unit (PDU) which
`it cannot execute due to either a transmission error or
`an internal processing malfunction.
`585
`excess insertion loss (fiber optics). In an optical wave-
`guide coupler, the optical loss associated With that
`portion of the light which does not emerge frOm the
`nominally Operational ports of thedevice. See: optical
`waveguide coupler.
`-
`433
`excess meter. An electricity meter that measizres and
`"registers the integral, with respect to time, of those
`portions of the active poWer in excess ofpthe predeter-
`mined value’. See: electricity meter (meter).
`328
`excess reactivity (power operations). More reactivity _
`than that needed to achieve criticality. In order to ‘
`avoid frequent reactor shutdowns to replace fuel that
`has been consumed and to compensate for the ac-
`cumulation of ’fission products which have‘high neu- ‘
`tron absorption cross sections and negative tempera-
`ture coefficients, excess reactivity is provided in a
`reactor by including additionalfuel in the core at
`startup. See: reactivity.
`'
`'
`i
`516
`excess-three code (electronic computation) Number
`code'in which the decimal digit 11 is represented by the
`four-bit binaryequivalent of n + 3..Sp'ecii"1cally;
`
`.
`
` decimal digit excess~three code
`
`0
`i 0011
`1
`0100'
`2
`- 0101
`3
`01:10
`4
`,01 1 1
`5,
`1000
`6
`1001
`7
`1010
`8
`1011
`9
`1100 V
`
`-
`
`235
`See: binary-coded-decimal system.‘
`exchange. See: central office exchange; private auto-
`
`ss11
`
`1 l1
`
`impedance
`
`_
`
`). Radiant
`:o produce
`. usually is
`radiation
`efficiency.
`: in erythe-
`3 practical
`Lit (EU) or
`amount of
`erythemal
`vavelength
`167
`aring). The
`e being ir-
`ie incident '
`rface when
`smeasured
`rythemally
`nicrowatts
`:1 practical
`n which is
`:r.
`'
`167
`
`uous stair-
`5. See: ele-
`,
`328
`lay.
`character
`more char-
`n the‘code
`255,77
`:rage‘num-
`trons leav—
`mary elec-
`ipe ratio is
`en, for ex-
`ned to the
`field. See:
`174
`e arranged
`1,3
`
`sures..
`
`11). A mul-
`an nuclear
`\C specifi-
`aintenance
`lopment of
`480
`
`cable.
`‘ical Code)
`d of alter-
`vercurrent
`1,
`feeders,
`connected
`designated
`during dis-
`lesigned to
`:ion within
`256
`mic power
`pedance is
`
`
`
`

`

`modal noise
`
`594
`
`REFERENCE POINT
`
`
`
`modeling
`
`MODAL ?0|N7 0F
`ARTIFICIAL MOWH
`
`rmcu. amuse?
`m COMMERCIAL use
`
`(2) (electron tubes). A state of a vibrating system to
`which corresponds one of the possible resonance fre-
`quencies (or propagation constants). Note: Not all
`dissipative systems have modes. See: modes, degener-
`ate; oscillatory circuit.
`> 190, 125
`(3) (fiberoptics). In any cavity or transmission line,
`one of those electromagnetic field distributions that
`satisfies Maxwell’sequations and the boundary condi-
`tions. The field pattern of a mode-depends on the
`wavelength, refractive index, and cavity or waveguide
`geometry.1See: bound mode; cladding mode; differen-
`tial mode attenuation; differential mode delay; equi-
`librium mode distribution; equilibriummode simula-
`tor; fundamental mode; hybrid mode; leaky. modes;
`linearly polarized mode; mode volume; multimode
`distortion; multimode laser; multimode optical wave-
`guide; single ‘mode optical waveguide; transverse
`electric mode; transverse magnetic mode; unbound
`mode.
`.
`433
`mode conversion (waveguide). The transformation of
`an electromagnetic wave from one mode of propaga-
`tion to oneor more other modes.
`267
`. mode conversion loss (or gain) (waveguide). The loss
`(or gain) due to the conversion of power from one
`waveguide mode to another.
`{
`267
`mode coupler (waveguides) A coupler that provides
`preferential coupling to a specific wave mode. See:
`waveguide.
`,
`185
`mode coupling (fiber optics). In an optical waveguide,
`the exchange of power among modes. The exchange
`of power may reach statistical equilibrium after propa:
`gation over a finite distance that is designated the
`equilibrium length. See: equilibrium length; equilibri-
`um mode distribution; made; mode scrambler.
`.
`‘
`'
`-
`
`, 433
`
`,
`mode dispersion. See: multimode distortion.
`mode (or modal) distortion. See: multimode distortion.
`mode filter (1) (fiber’optics). Adevice used to select,
`reject, or attenuate a certain mode or modes.
`
`" 433
`(2) (waveguide components). A device designed to
`pass energy along a waveguide'In one or more selected
`modes of propagation, and substantially to reject ener:
`gy carried in other modes._
`166
`mode, higher-order (waveguide or transmission line).
`Any mode of propagation characterized by a field
`configuration other than that of the fundamental or
`first-order mode with lowest cutoff frequency.
`
`185
`model (1). A mathematical or physical representation
`of the system relationships. See: mathematical model;
`system.
`209
`(2) (software). A representation of a real‘world pro-
`cess, device, or concept. See: analytical model; availa-
`bility model; debugging model; error model; process;
`reliability model; simulation; statistical test model.
`434
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`CENTER LINE
`OF EAR Ch?
`
`
`(ALSOwasorHumanmourn)
`
`
`MODALDIRECTION
`
`,
`
`LIP RING or
`KRYIFICIAL MOUTH
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`artificial mouth the center of the external plane ofthe
`
`lip ring.
`_
`491
`
`modal position (1)(telephony). The pesition a tele-
`
`phone handset assumes when the receiver of the
`
`handset1s heldIn close contact with the ear of a person
`
`‘ with head dimensions that are modal for a population.
`
`For this standard, the modal positionis defined, by the
`
`modal head adopted by the CCITT (CornIté C011-
`
`sulatif International TéIégrapIquue et TéIépbonique)
`
`Laboratory for the measurement of AEN. The point
`
`of reference for the handset and the headIS the center
`
`of the circular plane of contact of the handset earcap
`
`and the ear. If the handset earcap is not circular or has
`
`no external plane of contact, an effective center and an
`
`effective plane of contact must be determined. The
`
`modal point is the position of the center of the lips
`
`with respect to the center and plane of the earcap
`
`point of reference
`.
`,
`122
`(2) (transmission performance of telephone sets). The
`
`position a telephone-set handset assumes when the
`
`ear-cap of the handset is held in close contact with the
`
`ear of a modal head and the modal direction is in the
`
`plane defined by the axes of the transmitter cap and
`
`ear-cap
`4‘91
`mode (1)(binary floating point arithmetichadix-in-
`
`' dependent floating-point arithmetic). A variable that
`
`a user may set, sense, save, and restore to control the
`
`execution of subsequent arithmetic operations. The
`
`default mode isthe mode that a program can assume
`
`to beIn effect unless an explicitly contrary statement
`
`is includedIn either the program or its specification
`
`The following mode15 implemented: (A) Rounding, to
`
`control the direction of rounding errors. (B) In certain
`
`implementations, rounding precision, to shorten the
`modeling. Technique of system analysis and, design us-
`
`precision of results. (C) The implementor may, at his
`ing mathematical or physical idealizations of all ma
`
`ioption, implement the following modes: traps disabled
`portion of the system. Completeness and' reality of the
`
`or enabled, to handle exceptions.
`469, 588
`model are dependent on the questions to be answered,
`
`
`
`
`