`
`
`
`, COMPUTER ‘
`DICTIONARY ‘
`
`
`
`10TH EDITION
`
`By Bryan Pfaflenbeiger, PhD.
`
`
`
`@W
`
`ILEY
`Wiley Publishing, Inc.
`
`E
`
`'
`
`Exhibit 2001
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`ServiceNow v. HP
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`|PR2015-00631
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`

`

`Webster’s New World” Computer Dictionary, 10th Edition
`
`,yCopyright © 2003 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
`
`Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
`Published simultaneously in Canada
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`Manufactured in the United States ofAmerica 7
`
`

`

`
` 132
`133
`
`event-driven language
`
`
`
`
`Eudora
`See email client.
`escape sequence A series of characters,
`combining Esc (ASCII value 27) with one
`or more ASCII characters, that are used to
`control peripheral devices (such as printers,
`displays, or modems).The escape sequence
`can be embedded in a program or, in some
`cases, directly entered by the user.
`
`
`
`ESDI An acronym for Enhanced System
`Device Interface. An interface standard for
`hard disk drives. Drives that use the ESDI
`
`standard transfer at 10 to 15 Mbps, which is
`two to three times as fast as the earlier ST—
`506/ST~412 interface standard. Faster, more
`flexible IDE drives have almost
`totally
`replaced ESDI drives.
`
`ESP See enhanced serial port.
`
`e—tailing The use of the Internet to mar—
`ket
`retail goods,
`such as books
`and
`automobiles.
`
`Ethernet A local area , network (LAN)
`hardware, communication, and cabling stan—
`dard
`originally
`developed
`by Xerox
`Corporation that can link up to 1,024 nodes
`in a bus network. A high-speed standard
`using a baseband (single-channel) communi-
`cation technique, Ethernet provides for a
`raw data transfer rate of 10 Mbps, with ac—
`tual throughput in the range of 2 to 3 Mbps.
`Ethernet uses carrier sense multiple access
`with collision detection (CSMA/ CD) tech-
`niques to prevent network failures when two
`devices try to access the network at the same
`time. See Apple'lhlle, Fast Ethernet.
`
`of
`implementation
`EtherTalk An
`Ethernet local area network (LAN) hard—
`ware, jointly developed by Apple and
`3Com, and designed to work with the
`AppleShare network operating system.
`EtherTalk transmits data through coaxial
`cables at the Ethernet rate of 10 Mbps, in
`contrast to AppleTalk’s rate of 230 Kbps.
`
`e—trading site On the Internet, an
`online brokerage that enables investors to
`buy and sell stocks without a human bro~
`ker’s intervention.
`
`license
`EULA Acronym for end user
`agreement. The most common type of
`license provided with commercial software.
`Typically, the license denies ownership of
`the software because ownership would
`entail
`first
`sale
`rights under
`traditional
`copyright law. (According to the first sale
`doctrine, a person who purchases a copy—
`righted work is subsequently free to sell the
`work to another person.) Additional provi—
`sions typically specify that the program can
`be used only by one person on one cOm-
`puter and that
`the software publisher
`accepts no responsibility for losses attribut—
`able to the use of the software. See first sale,
`shrink—wrap license, UCITA.
`‘
`
`European Laboratory for Particle
`Physics
`See CERN.
`
`even parity In asynchronous communi—
`cations, an error—checking technique that
`sets an extra bit (called a parity bit) to I if
`the number of 1 digits in a 1-byte data item
`adds up to an even number. The parity bit
`is set to 0 if the number of I digits adds up
`to an odd number. See odd parity, parity
`checking.
`
`In an event—driven environment,
`event
`an action, such as moving the mouse or
`clicking a mouse button, that generates a
`message. See event handler
`
`event-driven environment A program
`or operating system that normally functions
`in an idle loop, waiting for events such as a
`mouse click, keyboard input, or a message
`from a device to occur. When an event
`
`occurs, the program exits the idle loop and
`executes the program code designed to
`handle the specific event.This code is called
`an event handler. After handling the event,
`the program returns
`to the idle loop.
`Microsoft Windows and the Macintosh
`operating system (Mac OS) are event—dri-
`ven environments.
`
`event—driven language A programming
`language that creates programs that respond
`to events, such as input, incoming data, or
`signals
`received from other applications.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`E
`
`e
`
`t?
`
`:ted values in place of incorrect val—
`as determined by the
`system’s
`checking procedures. For example,
`CDs substitute predicted values if
`)ecomes briefly unavailable for some
`1 (for example, if the mechanism is
`:ted to shock or the CD is dirty or
`bed). See error, error checking.
`
`In modems,
`‘—correction protocol
`:hod for filtering out line noise and
`:ing transmissions automatically if an
`occurs. Error correction requires the
`fsending and receiving modems that
`rm to the same error-correction pro—
`.When error correction is in use, a
`:e link is established.Two widely used
`correcting protocols are MNP—4 and
`See CCITT
`
`handling The way that a program
`with errors, such as the failure to
`data on a disk or a user’s failure to
`
`the right key. A poorly written pro—
`might
`fail
`to handle errors at all,
`g to a system crash. The best pro-
`ners anticipate possible errors and
`le information that helps the user
`the problem. See error trapping.
`
`In application programs,
`message
`iscreen message informing one that
`‘ogram cannot carry out a requested
`:ion.
`
`trapping An application’s capabil-
`recognize an error and perform a
`:ermined action in response to that
`applications with poor error trapping
`rash frequently.
`
`A key that application programs can
`nent in various ways. In most appli-
`s, pressing Esc cancels a command or
`eration.
`
`e ASCII character 27, which is
`ad on most computer keyboards to
`c key. See E56.
`
`a
`In programming,
`e character
`is
`a slash mark)
`that
`ter
`(such as
`d to indicate that the following char—
`ETX/ACK handshaking See handshak-
`hould be taken literally.
`ing.
`
`
`
`
`

`

`of Microsoft and IBM local area networks"
`(LANs).
`
`NetBIOS Acronym for Network Basic,
`Input/ Output System. An application pro-
`gram interface (API)
`that provides
`the
`support that applications need to send and
`receive data on an IBM or Microsoft-based
`local area network (LAN).
`
`other platforms. NetBSD is optimized for
`efficiency in networking and server appli—
`t'
`..S
`B
`ca 10m ee
`SD’ FWBSD'
`
`netnews A collective way of referring to
`the Usenet newsgroups.
`
`In Usenet, a person or group
`net police
`of persons who take upon themselves the
`enforcement of Usenet
`traditions and
`
`netiquette.
`
`Netscape Application Programming
`Interface
`See NSAPI.
`
`
`
`25Q
`251
`
`
`tsca e extensions A set of additions
`Ne
`p
`to the HTML 2.0 standard that enables
`
`Web authors to create documents with
`
`tab165, frames, and other features not sup-
`Ported by the 2.0 specification. Until
`
`Competing browsers decided to support
`
`Netscape’s unilaterally introduced tags,
`
`these features could be seen only by
`
`Netscape Navigator users. Most of the
`
`extensions have been incorporated into
`NetBSD An open source version of
`
`HTML Version 3.2, but Netscape (like
`BSD, a Unix—like operating system that is
`
`other browser publishers) has
`recently
`available for Intel—based PCs and certain
`
`introduced new, nonstandard tags that other
`
`browsers do not support.
`
`.
`_Netscape Navigator A still-popular
`
`‘ Web browser that once held a commanding
`
`In Usenet, an individual
`net god(dess)
`
`:market share until Microsoft used illegal
`whose lengthy Usenet experience and
`
`Lmeasures
`to relegate Netscape (as
`the
`savvy online demeanor elevates him or her
`
`rowser
`is commonly called)
`to relative
`to heroic status.
`bscurity. In 1998, Netscape initiated an
`
`netiquette Network etiquette; a set of
`nnovative open source project to create a
`
`rules that reflect long—standing experience
`empletely new version of Netscape
`
`Navigator,
`to be called Mozilla after
`about getting along harmoniously in the
`
`Netscape’s unofficial mascot
`(a lizard—like
`electronic environment (e—«mail and news—
`
`'artoon character).After a lengthy develop—
`groups).
`
`ment period, the Mozilla project reached
`
`net lag In a packet—switching network,
`fruition by creating an innovative Web
`the delay in accessing a document
`that
`browser that is fully conformant to Web
`
`is caused by latency and other delivery
`
`standards, as established by the World Wide
`problems.
`Web Consortium (W3C). Under
`the ‘
`
`agreement between the Mozilla project and
`Netscape, the project can continue Mozilla
`
`development while Netscape
`releases
`
`branded versions of the Mozilla browser.
`
`AOL Time 'Warner purchased Netscape and
`
`releases the Netscape browser as part of
`
`America Online service. See Mozilla.
`
`
`
`
`Netscape Communicator A package .
`of applications developed by Netscape
`
`Communications that
`includes Netscape
`
`Navigator (aWeb browser), Netscape Comw
`
`(a WYSIWYG HTML editing 1*
`poser
`
`program), voice conferencing, an e—mail
`
`network A communications, data ex-
`client, and a calendaring system. Netscape is
`
`now owned by AOL Time Warner See
`Change,
`and
`resource—sharing
`system
`
`Netscape Nauigator, I/I/Ezb browser.
`created by linking two or more computers
`
`and establishing standards, or protocols, so
`
`
`network layer
`
`they can work together. The three
`that
`main types of computer networks are local
`area networks (LANs), metropolitan area
`networks (WANs), and wide area networks
`(\X/ANs).
`
`In local area
`network administrator
`networks (LANs), the person responsible
`for maintaining the network and assisting
`its users.
`
`network architecture The complete set
`of hardware, software, and cabling standards
`for a local area network (LAN) design. See
`network topology.
`
`Network Basic Input/ Output System
`See NetBIOS.
`
`In a local area network
`network drive
`(LAN), a disk drive made available to a user
`through the network, as distinguished from
`a drive connected directly to the work—
`station the user is using.
`
`Network File System See NFS.
`
`Network Information Center
`NlC.
`
`See
`
`Network Information Service A local
`area network (LAN) protocol developed by
`Sun Microsystems that enables network—
`wide distribution of user and host name
`information. It is designed to work with the
`company’s Network File Standard (NFS).
`The service was formerly known as Yellow
`Pages.
`networkinterface adapter See NIC.
`
`network interface card See NIC.
`
`network laser printer A laser printer,
`often with a large monthly duty cycle and
`remote management
`features,
`that
`is
`designed to be connected to a network and
`serve the printing needs of several dozen
`people. See automatic network switching.
`
`In the 051 Reference
`network layer
`Model of computer network architecture,
`the fifth of seven layers, in which packets
`are addressed so that they can be routed to
`the correct destination. When the packets
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`‘
`k
`N
`etWare A networ
`operating system
`(NOS) manufactured by Novell for local
`area networks (LANs). NetWare accommo—
`dates more than 90 types of network
`interface cards, 30 network architectures, and
`several communications protocols. Versions
`are available for IBM PC—compatibles and
`Macintosh computers.
`
`
`
`