`Petitioner’s Reply in Support of Petition
`IPR2015-00560
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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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`
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`
`
`inContact, Inc.
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`Microlog Corp.
`Patent Owner
`
`Case IPR2015-00560
`Patent 7,092,509
`
`
`
`DECLARATION OF DAVID KLAUSNER
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`inContact, Inc. Exhibit 1006
`inContact, Inc. v. Microlog Corp., IPR2015-00560
`Page 1 of 30
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`Table of Contents
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`Page
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`I.
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`INTRODUCTION AND QUALIFICATIONS ............................................ 1
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`A. Qualifications and Experience ........................................................... 1
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`B. Materials Considered ......................................................................... 3
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`II.
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`PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART ........................................ 4
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`III. MEANS-PLUS-FUNCTION ....................................................................... 5
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`A.
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`B.
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`C.
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`“Queuing Component” ....................................................................... 5
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`“Routing Component” ....................................................................... 7
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`Corresponding Structure .................................................................... 9
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`IV. HAIGH DISCLOSES THE “QUEUING COMPONENT” ........................ 12
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`V. HAIGH DISCLOSES THE “ROUTING COMPONENT” ......................... 16
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`VI. CONCLUSION ......................................................................................... 21
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`-i-
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`Declaration of David Klausner in Support of
`Petitioner’s Reply in Support of Petition
`IPR2015-00560
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`I, David Klausner, declare as follows:
`
`I.
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`INTRODUCTION AND QUALIFICATIONS
`
`A. Qualifications and Experience
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`1.
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`I am currently employed as an independent computer expert and
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`consultant. I have a Bachelor’s Degree in Mathematics and a Master of Science
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`degree in Electrical Engineering. During the course of my Master of Science
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`program, I designed a “Store and Forward” switch.
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`2.
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`I have over 48 years of professional experience in the areas of
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`computer networking, security and software. During that time, I have worked as
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`a consultant, as an expert, as an engineer, as a software developer, as a manager,
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`as a company executive, and as a forensic investigator.
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`3. Specific computer-related technologies that I have worked with
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`include networks, network devices such as routers and switches, internet, web
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`technologies (such as servers, clients, messaging, scripts, applets, and
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`applications), protocols, videoconferencing systems, operating systems, computer
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`hardware, source code, and programming languages.
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`4.
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`In addition, my working experience includes developing software for,
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`among other things, network data communications, business applications, data
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`management, database design, client/server, compilers, parsers, programming
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`1
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`IPR2015-00560
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`languages, user interfaces, quality assurance, real-time applications, artificial
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`intelligence, utility programs, diagnostics, machine simulators, performance
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`analyzers, EDI applications, general ledger, inventory control, software auditing,
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`manufacturing processes, insurance, financial, and statistical process control. I
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`have designed and developed, as well as managed and assisted in the design and
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`development of, computer hardware and software systems. Some of my clients
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`have been computer software companies, including Symantec, Adobe, Nortel,
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`Intel Corp., Hewlett-Packard, and IBM.
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`5. My experience includes decades of software development, consulting
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`and expert testimony experience in many aspects of the computer field, from
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`microcomputers to mainframes, and in all areas of programming. I also have
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`experience as an engineer, developer, supervisor, project manager, department
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`manager, middle manager, and company executive, as well as experience in
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`forensic investigation and reverse engineering.
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`6. Additional details of my background are set forth in my curriculum
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`vitae, attached as Exhibit A to this Declaration, which provides a more complete
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`description of my educational background and work experience.
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`7.
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`I am being compensated for the time I have spent on this matter at the
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`rate of $650 per hour, except for time spent in deposition or trial, for which my
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`2
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`IPR2015-00560
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`rate of compensation is $780 per hour. My compensation does not depend in any
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`way on the outcome of this proceeding.
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`B. Materials Considered
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`8. The analysis that I provide in this Declaration is based on my
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`education and experience in the field of computer systems, as well as the
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`documents I have considered, including U.S. Patent No. 7,092,509 (the “’509” or
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`“’509 patent”). I have also reviewed U.S. Patent No. 5,793,861 (“Haigh”).
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`Counsel has informed me that Haigh qualifies as prior art to the ’509 patent.
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`9.
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`In addition, I have reviewed the Petition for Inter Partes Review dated
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`January 15, 2015 (“Petition”), the Decision on Institution of Inter Partes Review
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`dated July 30, 2015 (“Institution Decision”), and the Patent Owner Response
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`dated November 16, 2015 (“Patent Owner Response” or “PO Response”).
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`10. I have also reviewed various dictionaries that describe the meaning of
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`certain terms to one of ordinary skill in the art:
`
`Exhibit No.
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`1007
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`1008
`
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`1009
`
`
`Title of Document
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`The Penguin Concise Dictionary of Computing (2003), pp. 359,
`380, 394-95
`
`Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering (1999), pp.
`524, 557
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`The American Heritage Dictionary (4th ed. 2006), pp. 1436, 1518
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`3
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`A Dictionary of Computing (5th ed. 2004), pp. 424, 432, 457-58
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`Microsoft Computer Dictionary (3rd ed. 1996), pp. 392, 415
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`Microsoft Computer Dictionary (3rd ed. 1996), pp. 106-07, 392-93
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`1010
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`1011
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`2002
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`
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`II.
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`PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART
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`11. I understand that an assessment of claims of the ’509 patent should be
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`undertaken from the perspective of a person of ordinary skill in the art as of the
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`earliest claimed priority date, which I understand is September 21, 1999.
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`12. In my opinion, a person of ordinary skill in the art as of September
`
`1999 would possess at least a Bachelor’s Degree in electrical engineering or
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`computer science (or equivalent degree or experience) with at least two years of
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`experience in the design and implementation of systems for sending and
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`receiving data in one or more formats over one or more communications
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`networks, such as the Internet.
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`13. Although my qualifications and experience exceed those of the
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`hypothetical person having ordinary skill in the art defined above, my analysis
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`and opinions regarding the ’509 patent have been based on the perspective of a
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`person of ordinary skill in the art as of September 1999.
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`4
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`Declaration of David Klausner in Support of
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`IPR2015-00560
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`III. MEANS-PLUS-FUNCTION
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`14. I have been informed by counsel that a limitation devoid of the word
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`“means” gives rise to the presumption that means-plus-function interpretation is
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`not appropriate. I have further been informed by counsel that the presumption is
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`overcome only where the challenger demonstrates that the claim term fails to
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`“recite sufficiently definite structure” or else recites “function without reciting
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`sufficient structure for performing that function.” It is my opinion that one of
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`ordinary skill in the art would understand the terms “queuing component” and
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`“routing component” to recite sufficiently definite structure.
`
`A.
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` “QUEUING COMPONENT”
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`15. I have been informed by counsel that a limitation will not invoke
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`means-plus-function interpretation if there is a structural modifier that further
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`describes the generic placeholder.
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`16. It is my opinion that the term “queuing” is a structural modifier
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`included in the term “queuing component.” Numerous dictionaries show that the
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`term “queue” has a reasonably well-understood meaning as a name for a
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`structure. Both technical and non-technical dictionaries define a “queue” as a
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`data structure that stores multiple elements that can be removed according to a
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`particular order. See, e.g., Microsoft Computer Dictionary, Ex. 2002/1011, at
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`5
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`392 (“[a] multi-element data structure from which (by strict definition) elements
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`can be removed only in the same order in which they were inserted; that is, it
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`follows a first in, first out (FIFO) constraint. There are also several types of
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`queues in which removal is based on factors other than order of insertion—for
`
`example, some priority value assigned to each element”); The Penguin Concise
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`Dictionary of Computing, Ex. 1007, at 359 (“[a] data structure with the property
`
`that the first element that can be removed is the first one that was put in. . . .”);
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`Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, Ex. 1008, at 524 (“a data
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`structure maintaining a first-in-first-out discipline of insertion and removal.
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`Queues are useful in many situations, particularly in process and event
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`scheduling”); The American Heritage Dictionary, Ex. 1009, at 1436 (“A data
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`structure from which the first item that can be retrieved is the one stored
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`earliest”). In the context of the ’509 patent, the queue would be understood by
`
`one of ordinary skill in the art to be implemented in hardware such as memory.
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`See A Dictionary of Computing, Ex. 1010, at 432 (“Like a pushdown stack, a
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`queue can be implemented in hardware as a specialized form of addressless
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`memory, . . .”); Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, Ex. 1008,
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`at 524 (“See also FIFO memory.”).
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`6
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`Petitioner’s Reply in Support of Petition
`IPR2015-00560
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`17. The ’509 patent specification describes “software and related
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`hardware” that “provide unified queuing of all media types, such as e-mail,
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`telephony, web chat, and web call back into a single unified queue.” ’509 patent,
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`10:17-19. The ’509 patent specification also discloses that these contacts (of
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`different media types) are added to the “‘in memory’ queue,” where they are
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`maintained prior to being routed to agent workstations. Id. at 47:10-11. One
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`skilled in the art would understand the “‘in memory’ queue” to be a data structure
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`implemented in memory hardware.
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`18. Therefore, one of ordinary skill in the art would recognize that a
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`“queuing component” is a name that indicates a class of structures—hardware
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`that implement a data structure storing multiple elements that can be removed
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`according to a particular order.
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`B.
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`“ROUTING COMPONENT”
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`19. For the term “routing component,” the term “component” is preceded
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`by the term “queuing.” It is my opinion that the term “routing” is a structural
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`modifier.
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`20. The same dictionaries that confirm the structural nature of the term
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`“queue” also confirm that the term “router” has a reasonably well-understood
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`meaning as a name for a structure. See, e.g., The Penguin Concise Dictionary of
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`7
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`Computing, at 380 (“[a] hardware device that connects two or more networks or
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`network segments together to form a single internetwork, by forwarding data
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`packets from one network into another”); Microsoft Computer Dictionary, Ex.
`
`1011, at 415 (“[a]n intermediary device on a communication network that
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`expedites message delivery”); The American Heritage Dictionary, at 1518 (“[a]
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`device in a network that handles message transfers between computers.”);
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`Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, at 557 (“a node, connected
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`to multiple networks, that forwards packets from one network to another”); A
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`Dictionary of Computing, at 457 (“[a] unit that supports the low-level linking of
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`several regions of a single network”). Therefore, one skilled in the art would
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`understand “routing component” to designate a class of structures for forwarding
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`data packets within one or more networks.
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`21. The ’509 patent discloses that the contact center system includes
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`“software and related hardware. Specifically, the software and related hardware
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`provide unified queuing of all media types, . . . The software and associated
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`hardware also provide skills-based and priority-based routing of contacts to
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`agents within the contact center.” ’509 patent, 10:14-22. Therefore, the written
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`description confirms that “routing component” indicates structure (e.g., hardware
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`8
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`related to certain software) for forwarding data packets (e.g., contacts) within one
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`or more networks (e.g., contact center).
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`C. CORRESPONDING STRUCTURE
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`22. Counsel has informed me that where a term is interpreted as a means-
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`plus-function limitation, the term is construed to cover the corresponding
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`structure disclosed in the specification and its equivalents. I have been asked by
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`counsel, assuming these terms are means-plus-function limitations, to identify
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`such corresponding structure for the terms “queuing component” and “routing
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`component.”
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`23. I have been
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`informed by counsel
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`that
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`the
`
`identification of
`
`corresponding structure does not permit incorporation of structure from the
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`written description beyond that necessary to perform the claimed function. It is
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`my opinion that the structures identified by Patent Owner in the PO Response for
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`“queuing component” and “routing component”
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`incorporate unnecessary
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`structure.
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`24. The ’509 patent discloses a number of embodiments that do not
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`include all of the elements put forward by Patent Owner. See, e.g., ’509 patent,
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`41:66-42:1 (“The components associated with the receipt, queuing and routing
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`of telephone calls are shown in the diagram of FIG. 51, . . .”); 42:38-40 (“The
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`9
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`components associated with the receipt, queuing and routing of IVR telephone
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`calls are shown in the diagram of FIG. 53, . . .”); 46:2-4 (“The components
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`associated with the receipt, queuing and routing of e-mails are shown in the
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`conceptual diagram of FIG. 63, . . .”). As the figures illustrating these
`
`embodiments demonstrate (below left), “[t]he components associated with the
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`receipt, queuing and routing” of certain different media-type contacts (i.e.,
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`telephone calls, IVR telephone calls, and e-mails) need not include (1) a “route
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`request broker,” “assignment manager,” and “agent manager,” as proposed by
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`Patent Owner for the “queuing component,” and (2) an “assignment manager,”
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`“agent manager,” and “agent Java interface,” as proposed by Patent Owner for
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`the “routing component.” See PO Response, at 11-12. Because these
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`aforementioned elements are not
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`found
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`in certain embodiments
`
`describing “[t]he components
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`associated with . . . queuing and
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`routing,” one of ordinary skill in
`
`the art would understand these
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`elements to be unnecessary for
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`performing the claimed functions
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`10
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`of “queuing” and “routing.”
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`25. Instead, the figures each include a media proxy (e.g., ACD proxy,
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`IVR proxy, e-mail proxy) and a routing manager. This is consistent with the
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`structures proposed by Patent Owner, which, when stripped of their unnecessary
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`elements, result in (1) a routing manager for the “queuing component” and (2) a
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`media proxy and routing manager for the “routing component.”
`
`26. The specification confirms that the routing manager performs the
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`recited function of “queuing.” See, e.g., ’509 patent, 42:34-36 (The routing
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`manager then begins the process of adding the contact to the common queue . .
`
`.”); 43:49-51 (same); 44:19-21 (same); 44:62-64 (same); 45:24-25 (same).
`
`27. The specification also confirms that the media proxy and routing
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`manager perform the recited function of “routing.” See, e.g., ’509 patent, 42:33-
`
`34 (“The ACD proxy then routes the contact to the routing manager . . .”);
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`43:48-49 (web proxy); 44:18-19 (web proxy); 44:61-62 (ACD proxy); 45:21-22
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`(VoIP proxy); 47:25-27 (“[T]he routing manager continuously performs the
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`routing cycle to continuously route the queue contacts out of the queue and to
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`the appropriate agents.”).
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`28. Therefore, the appropriate corresponding structure for the term
`
`“queuing component” is a routing manager (and equivalents thereof), and the
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`11
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`appropriate corresponding structure for the term “routing component” is a media
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`proxy and routing manager (and equivalents thereof).
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`IV. HAIGH DISCLOSES THE “QUEUING COMPONENT”
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`29. I have been asked by counsel, assuming the term “queuing
`
`component” is a means-plus-function limitation and is construed to cover a
`
`routing manager and equivalents thereof, to opine on whether the term is
`
`disclosed in Haigh. In my opinion, Haigh discloses this term. Haigh discloses a
`
`routing manager in the form of a “transaction processing system 12.” Haigh,
`
`2:10-11. The transaction processing system 12 includes “a memory 14 for
`
`storing transactions in at least one queue 16” and “a transaction controller 18.”
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`Id., 2:10-12. Like the ’509 patent routing manager, which adds contacts to the
`
`common queue, “[u]pon receiving a transaction, the transaction controller 18 [of
`
`the transaction processing system 12] queues the transaction in at least one
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`queue 16.” Id., 2:34-36; see also, e.g., 2:61, 6:40-45. Also, as Haigh explains,
`
`the transaction controller 18 of the transaction processing system 12 can
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`“include[] . . . an ‘INTEL’ ‘PENTIUM’-based central processing unit (CPU).”
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`Id., 2:14-16. Therefore, one of ordinary skill in the art would understand the
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`Haigh transaction processing system 12 to be a server or part of a server. As the
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`routing manager taught by the ’509 patent is also a part of a server (i.e., “contact
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`12
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`center server 122”), one of ordinary skill in the art would understand the
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`transaction processing system 12 to disclose a routing manager, and therefore a
`
`“queuing component.”
`
`30. I have been asked by counsel, assuming the term “queuing
`
`component” is a means-plus-function limitation and is construed according to the
`
`structure proposed by Patent Owner in the PO Response, to opine on whether
`
`Haigh discloses a structure that is equivalent to the structure proposed by Patent
`
`Owner. I have been informed by counsel that structural equivalence exists if the
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`assertedly equivalent structure performs the claimed function in substantially the
`
`same way to achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding structure
`
`described in the specification. I have further been informed by counsel that
`
`structures with different numbers of parts may still be equivalent, because the
`
`individual components of an overall structure that corresponds to the claimed
`
`function are not claim limitations. I have been informed by counsel that
`
`structural equivalence does not command a component-by-component analysis. I
`
`have also been informed that factors that will support a conclusion of structural
`
`equivalence include whether a person of ordinary skill in the art would have
`
`recognized the interchangeability of the structure disclosed in the prior art and the
`
`corresponding structure disclosed
`
`in the specification, and whether any
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`13
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`differences are insubstantial between the prior art structure and the corresponding
`
`structure disclosed in the specification. In my opinion, Haigh discloses a
`
`structure that is equivalent to the structure proposed by Patent Owner.
`
`31. In my opinion, the Haigh transaction processing system 12 performs
`
`exactly the claimed function. See Petition, at 22-25 (Section VII.A.1.a)
`
`(explaining how the transaction processing system 12 discloses the limitation “a
`
`queuing component, adapted to receive said different media-type contacts and
`
`maintain said contacts in a common queue while said contacts are awaiting
`
`routing to said workstations” under its plain and ordinary meaning). In my
`
`opinion, the Haigh transaction processing system 12 also achieves substantially
`
`the same result, i.e., the contacts are maintained in the common queue while they
`
`await routing to workstations. See id., at 23-25 (explaining how the transaction
`
`processing system 12 is “adapted to ‘maintain said contacts in a common queue
`
`while said contacts are awaiting routing to said workstations’”).
`
`32. In my opinion, the transaction processing system 12 performs the
`
`claimed function in substantially the same way. As Haigh explains, the
`
`transaction processing system 12 “receives a transaction from . . . outside the
`
`system 10, such as inbound calls and E-mail from customers. Haigh, 5:10-14.
`
`The transaction is “processe[d] . . . using the transaction controller 18.” Id., 5:18-
`
`14
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`19. Processing “includes the step of generating an identifier using the identifier
`
`generator 20 [of the transaction processing system 12], and associating the
`
`identifier with a respective transaction.” Id., 5:21-23. For example, the identifier
`
`can be “a timestamp[]” generated by a system clock, and can be used to
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`“accelerate the priority of the transaction within a given queue.” Id., 3:12-14,
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`7:49-50. Processing “may also include the step of determining a transaction type
`
`of the transaction.” Id., 5:24-25. Specifically, “[t]he transaction controller 18
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`may . . . determine the type of transaction received, and may then generate a
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`transaction type signal which is associated with the transaction and which
`
`identifies the type of transaction.” Id., 5:32-36. This can affect the order in
`
`which the transaction is processed and the choice of the particular agent for
`
`handling the transaction. See id., 5:53-59, 5:67-6:4. “The method then queues
`
`the transactions into an appropriate queue” in memory 14, such as “a single
`
`queue 82,” where they are “maintain[ed]” by the transaction processing system
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`12 until a next available agent is determined to be available. Id., 5:39-40, 5:51-
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`53, 5:65-67; 6:40-43, Fig. 1. Therefore, the method taught by Haigh performs the
`
`“functionality/algorithm” set forth in Patent Owner Response in substantially the
`
`same way as the ‘509 patent. Also, any differences between (1) the steps of the
`
`method disclosed in Haigh and the “functionality/algorithm” set forth in Patent
`
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`Owner Response and (2) the elements for performing
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`those steps are
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`insubstantial, because it is well known in the art that the software and hardware
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`modules of two systems need not be identical for the systems to perform a certain
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`functionality in substantially the same way. For similar reasons, one of ordinary
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`skill in the art would have recognized the transaction processing system 12
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`(described as “include[ing]
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`.
`
`.
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`. an ‘INTEL’ ‘PENTIUM’-based central
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`processing unit (CPU)”) and the contact center server 122 (including the
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`elements proposed by Patent Owner) to be interchangeable. The work required
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`to substitute one for the other would involve, at most, only minor changes to
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`software and/or hardware, and is well within the ken of one of ordinary skill in
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`the art.
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`V. HAIGH DISCLOSES THE “ROUTING COMPONENT”
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`33. I have been asked by counsel, assuming the term “routing component”
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`is a means-plus-function limitation and is construed to cover a media proxy and
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`routing manager, and equivalents thereof, to opine on whether the term is
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`disclosed in Haigh. In my opinion, Haigh discloses a media proxy and routing
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`manager in the form of a “transaction interface 24” and “transaction processing
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`system 12,” respectively. Like the ‘509 patent routing manager, which routes the
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`queue contacts out of the queue and to the appropriate agents, the Haigh
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`16
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`inContact, Inc. Exhibit 1006
`inContact, Inc. v. Microlog Corp., IPR2015-00560
`Page 18 of 30
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`Declaration of David Klausner in Support of
`Petitioner’s Reply in Support of Petition
`IPR2015-00560
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`transaction processing system 12 includes a transaction controller 18 that can
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`“automatically send the queued transactions to a next available agent.” Id.,
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`5:65-67; see also, e.g., 4:8-10, 6:45-49. Moreover, one of ordinary skill in the art
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`would understand the transaction processing system 12 to be a server or part of a
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`server, and, as the routing manager is also a part of a server (i.e., “contact center
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`server 122”), one of ordinary skill in the art would understand the transaction
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`processing system 12 to disclose a routing manager.
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`34. The
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`media
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`proxy in the form of a
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`“transaction interface 24”
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`is emphasized in red at
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`right.
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` As shown,
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`the
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`transaction interface 24 is
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`situated
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`between
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`the
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`transaction
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`processing
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`system 12 and the various sources of media, e.g., PBX 26, video system 28, and
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`voice mail system 36. Therefore, like the media proxies taught by the ’509
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`patent, which route contacts to the routing manager, the transaction interface 24
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`“convey[s] transactions” to the transaction processing system 12. Haigh, 1:37-
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`17
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`inContact, Inc. Exhibit 1006
`inContact, Inc. v. Microlog Corp., IPR2015-00560
`Page 19 of 30
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`
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`Declaration of David Klausner in Support of
`Petitioner’s Reply in Support of Petition
`IPR2015-00560
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`38. In other words, the transaction interface 24 is the structure “through” which
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`the transaction processing system 12 “receive[s]” transactions from their various
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`sources. Id., 2:25-26, 3:22-28; see also 5:41-45. Therefore, one of ordinary skill
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`in the art to understand that the transaction interface 24 is a media proxy. See A
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`Dictionary of Computing, at 424 (“proxy[:] A device that handles network traffic
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`on behalf of another: . . . Proxies . . . may also examine requests and responses,
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`route requests to different servers or filter responses in accordance with some
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`policy.”). Therefore, Haigh discloses a media proxy and routing manager.
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`35. I have been asked by counsel, assuming the term “routing component”
`
`is a means-plus-function limitation and is construed according to the structure
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`proposed by Patent Owner in the PO Response, to opine on whether Haigh
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`discloses a structure that is equivalent to the structure proposed by Patent Owner.
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`In my opinion, Haigh also discloses a structure that is equivalent to the structure
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`proposed by Patent Owner. The transaction interface 24 and transaction
`
`processing system 12 perform exactly the claimed function. See Petition, at 25-
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`29 (Section VII.A.1.b) (explaining how the transaction processing system 12
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`discloses the limitation “a routing component, adapted to route the queued
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`contacts to said workstations based on designated criteria” under its plain and
`
`18
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`inContact, Inc. Exhibit 1006
`inContact, Inc. v. Microlog Corp., IPR2015-00560
`Page 20 of 30
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`
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`Declaration of David Klausner in Support of
`Petitioner’s Reply in Support of Petition
`IPR2015-00560
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`ordinary meaning).1 The Haigh transaction processing system 12 also achieves
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`substantially the same result, i.e., the contacts are routed to workstations based on
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`designated criteria. See id., at 27-29 (explaining how “the queued contacts are
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`routed ‘based on designated criteria’”).
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`36. Finally, the claimed function is performed in substantially the same
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`way. As Haigh explains, the transaction interface 24 “convey[s] transactions” to
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`the transaction processing system 12. Haigh, 1:37-38. After the transaction
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`processing system 12 “receive[s]” a transaction “through the transaction interface
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`24,” the transaction processing system 12 “processes the transaction . . . using the
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`transaction controller 18.” Id., 5:18-19. The steps involved in processing are
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`discussed above in paragraph 32. “The method then queues the transactions into
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`an appropriate queue” in memory 14, such as “a single queue 82,” where they are
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`maintained by the transaction processing system 12 until a next available agent is
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`“determine[d]” to be available. Id., 5:39-40, 5:51-53, 5:65-67; 6:40-43, Fig. 1.
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`
`
` 1
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` To the extent the claimed function requires routing of the contact from the media
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`proxy to the routing manager, this is disclosed by the transaction interface 24. See,
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`e.g., Haigh, 1:37-38, 2:25-26, 3:22-28, 5:41-45.
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`19
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`inContact, Inc. Exhibit 1006
`inContact, Inc. v. Microlog Corp., IPR2015-00560
`Page 21 of 30
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`Declaration of David Klausner in Support of
`Petitioner’s Reply in Support of Petition
`IPR2015-00560
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`37. “If an agent is available, then the transaction controller 18 [of the
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`transaction processing system 12] sends a signal to agent station indicating the
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`transaction type of the queued transaction . . ., and sends a next queued
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`transaction to the available agent.” Id., 6:45-49. This can be performed
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`“automatically.” Id., 5:65-67. “By sending the transaction type signal to the
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`agent station 34, the agent station 34 may prepare to receive the transaction by
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`retrieving data from the memory 14 concerning the transaction, such as
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`biographical data of a caller, and/or facilitating the execution of an interactive
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`transaction processing protocol by the agent.” Id., 6:65-7:3. The agent station 34
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`“may be a terminal, a personal computer, and/or a workstation using . . . various
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`input and output devices such as a telephone handset or headset, a mouse, a
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`keyboard, and/or a display.” Id., 4:39-44. “[T]he interactive transaction
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`processing protocol may be an input screen on a display allowing an agent to
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`input data in data fields having associated labels or questions.” Id., 7:7-7:10
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`Similarly, “a particular customer record” can be accessed “to present the
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`appropriate host screens and information to the agent.” Id., 7:3-7:7. “In addition,
`
`