(12) United States Patent
`Nykanen
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 6,661, 784 Bl
`Dec. 9, 2003
`
`111111
`
`1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`US006661784Bl
`
`(54) METHOD IN A COMMUNICATION
`NETWORK AND A COMMUNICATION
`DEVICE
`
`(75)
`
`Inventor: Petri Nykanen, Tampere (FI)
`
`(73) Assignee: Nokia Mobile Phones Limited, Espoo
`(FI)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/260,105
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Mar. 2, 1999
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Mar. 3, 1998
`
`(FI) ................................................. 980485
`
`(51)
`(52)
`(58)
`
`Int. Cl? ................................................ H04L 12/28
`U.S. Cl. ........................ 370/338; 370/389; 370/409
`Field of Search ......................... 370/338, 352-356,
`370/382, 397, 389, 400, 401-406, 409,
`471, 474, 475, 254, 270, 395, 392; 709/203,
`219, 245; 379/88.12, 88.19; 455/406, 422,
`410, 411
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,227,778 A
`5,487,100 A *
`5,499,343 A
`5,502,726 A
`5,519,706 A *
`5,602,854 A
`5,623,605 A *
`5,627,829 A *
`5,642,515 A
`5,682,379 A
`5,754,774 A
`5,793,630 A *
`5,802,469 A
`6,052,372 A *
`6,070,076 A *
`6,078,575 A *
`6,078,789 A *
`
`7/1993
`1!1996
`3/1996
`3/1996
`5/1996
`2/1997
`4/1997
`5/1997
`6/1997
`10/1997
`5/1998
`8/1998
`9/1998
`4/2000
`5!2000
`6/2000
`6/2000
`
`Vacon et a!. ........... 340/825.52
`Kane ......................... 340/7.23
`Pettus
`. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395/200.2
`Fischer ...................... 370/94.1
`................ 370/329
`Bantz et a!.
`Luse et a!. .................. 370/313
`Keshav et a!. .............. 370/392
`Gleeson et a!. ............. 370/230
`Jones et a!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395/727
`Mahany et a!. ............. 370/311
`Bittinger et a!. . .. ... . 395/200.33
`... ... ... 340/10.42
`Theimer et a!.
`Nounin et a!. .............. 455/422
`Gittins et a!. ............... 370/396
`Valentine .................... 455/436
`.......... 370/338
`Dommety et a!.
`Bodenmann et a!.
`....... 370/470
`
`6,236,658 B1 * 5/2001 Essbaum et a!. ............ 370/401
`6,330,244 B1 * 12/2001 Swartz et a!. ............... 370/401
`6,360,257 B1 * 3/2002 Rydberg et a!.
`............ 709/223
`6,400,941 B1 * 6/2002 Nara .......................... 455/422
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`GB
`wo
`
`0 869 688 A2
`2 309 558
`wo 98/00951
`
`10/1998
`7/1997
`1!1998
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`IEEE Personal Communications, vol. 4, No. 5, Oct. 1997,
`Bennett et al., "Piconet: Embedded Mobile Networking".pp.
`8-15.
`WAP Architecture Draft Version 0.9(Sep. 1997) "Wireless
`Application Protocol Architecture Specification".
`Finnish Official Action and English translation thereof.
`* cited by examiner
`
`Primary Examiner-Nguyen T. Vo
`Assistant Examiner-Jean A Gelin
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm---Perman & Green, LLP
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`The invention relates to a method for setting up a data
`transmission connection which is formed for transmitting
`information between at least a first communication device
`(1, 6-15, 300a, 300b, 400, 401) and a second communica(cid:173)
`tion device (1, 6-15, 300a, 300b, 400, 401), in which
`method, for at least the first communication device (1, 6-15,
`300a, 300b, 400, 401), a network address (321a, 321b) is
`selected that is advantageously used for identifying the first
`communication device (1, 6-15, 300a, 300b, 400, 401). In
`the method according to the invention, for at least one
`service of at least the first communication device (1, 6-15,
`300a, 300b, 400, 401), an address information (320a, 320b)
`is formed, which is advantageously used for identifying the
`service, and between the network address (32la, 321b) of
`the first communication device (1, 6-15, 300a, 300b, 400,
`401) and the address information (320a, 320b) of the
`service, a correspondence is arranged for transferring infor(cid:173)
`mation between the first communication device (1, 6-15,
`300a, 300b, 400, 401) and the second communication device
`(1, 6-15, 300a, 300b, 400, 401).
`
`21 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1103-0001
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 9, 2003
`
`Sheet 1 of 7
`
`US 6,661, 784 Bl
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`J
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1103-0002
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 9, 2003
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`Sheet 2 of 7
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 9, 2003
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`Sheet 3 of 7
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`US 6,661, 784 Bl
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`Exhibit 1103-0004
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 9, 2003
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`Sheet 6 of 7
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`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 11 03-0007
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 9, 2003
`
`Sheet 7 of 7
`
`US 6,661, 784 Bl
`
`-
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`-
`
`REMOTE
`CONTROL
`APPLICATION
`
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`
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`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1103-0008
`
`

`

`US 6,661,784 Bl
`
`1
`METHOD IN A COMMUNICATION
`NETWORK AND A COMMUNICATION
`DEVICE
`
`25
`
`30
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`The present invention relates to a method for setting up a
`data transmission connection as set forth in the preamble of
`claim 1. The invention relates also to a communication
`device as set forth in the preamble of claim 10.
`Local area networks usually consist of one or more server
`computers as well as work stations and other peripheral
`devices communicating with the same, such as printers and
`telecopiers. Communication in a local area network is usu(cid:173)
`ally implemented in a wired manner, e.g. by Ethernet
`cabling. Also wireless local area networks are known, where
`data transmission is implemented by means of radio
`modems, thereby reducing limitations relating to the place(cid:173)
`ment of cabling, number of connection points and their
`positioning in a wired local area network.
`In local area networks, each peripheral device coupled to
`the local area network has an address identifying the periph(cid:173)
`eral device, i.e. client, whereby data is directed to this
`peripheral device. On the other hand, information from the
`peripheral device is recognised by the server on the basis of
`the address of the peripheral device. The peripheral device
`and the server are equipped with a network adapter deter(cid:173)
`mined on the basis of the physical structure of the local area
`network used at the time, comprising means for receiving
`messages from the local area network and for transmitting
`messages to the local area network.
`Communication between different communication
`devices in local area networks usually takes place as data
`transmission based on messages. A message consists of
`address data and the actual information to be transmitted.
`The address data is used for directing messages to the correct
`device and, on the other hand, for identifying the device that
`transmitted the message.
`Wireless local area networks differ from wired ones 40
`primarily in that the data transmission takes place by using
`a wireless communication method, e.g. by means of radio
`waves, infrared or inductive data transmission. In the
`operation, wireless local area networks are typically star
`networks, i.e. information is transmitted between a server 45
`device and a peripheral device. Thus, the information to be
`transmitted between peripheral devices is conducted from
`the transmitting peripheral device to the server device which
`transmits the information further to the receiving peripheral
`device.
`In view of the operation of the local area network, the
`server device must know which peripheral devices are
`coupled to it at each time and what is the operating status of
`these peripheral devices. This can be implemented by using,
`for example, the above-mentioned communication based on 55
`messages, whereby in connection with turning on and a
`possible change of state, the peripheral device transmits a
`message to the server device. The server device receives the
`message and examines the information content of the mes(cid:173)
`sage.
`A local area network is suitable for use e.g. in offices,
`whereby data is transmitted by using a compact data pro(cid:173)
`cessor with a sufficient storage capacity. An example of such
`a portable device is the Nokia 9000 Communicator which
`can be used both as a mobile station and as a data processor. 65
`When using a wired communication network, also a
`portable data processor can be connected with a local area
`
`10
`
`2
`network by means of a network interface card, known as
`such and comprising means for setting up a data transmis(cid:173)
`sion connection between the local area network and the
`portable device. To portable data processors, it is possible to
`5 connect different peripheral devices directly without the
`need of a local area network. The connection can also be
`based on wireless techniques, usually the infrared technique
`(IR). By coupling such a peripheral device to a portable data
`processor or the like, the data of the peripheral device in
`question in the data processor must be configured before the
`peripheral device can be used.
`Data transmission between different communication
`devices, such as servers and the clients of servers, in
`so-called piconets often takes place by means of short
`15 distance infrared (IR) data transmission, low power radio
`frequency (LPRF) data transmission, short distance radio
`frequency (SDRF) or inductive data transmission, whereby
`the data transmission distances within the local area network
`consisting of a single piconet are typically only a few metres
`20 or dozens of metres.
`In addition to local area networks, wide wireless commu(cid:173)
`nication networks are known, such as the public land mobile
`network (PLMN) which is a communication network based
`on a cellular system. As an example, one could mention the
`GSM-900 mobile communication network based on the
`GSM system (Global System for Mobile Communication).
`The cells of the communication network are distributed in a
`wide geographical area, and mobile stations (MS), such as
`mobile phones, which communicate with the communica-
`tion network by means of base stations (BS), move from one
`cell to another. These mobile stations are separated from
`each other by means of a subscriber-specific identification
`code, whereby data transmission between two mobile
`stations, such as data transfer or an audio call, is possible.
`The identification code used is e.g. the IMSI code
`(International Mobile Subscriber Number). The communi-
`cation network takes care of routing information between
`base stations and mobile services switching centres (MSC)
`by utilising registration data on the location of the mobile
`station in the area of the cells of different base stations.
`Wireless communication networks include also GSM-1800,
`GSM-1900, PDC, CDMA, US-TDMA, IS-95, USDC (IS-
`136), iDEN (ESMR), DataTAC, and Mobitex.
`For completing data transmission and processes related to
`data transmission by data processors connected in a local
`area network, such as servers and clients, for example
`peripheral devices and possibly also wireless communica(cid:173)
`tion devices, there must be a collection of communication
`rules available, determining the allowed messages and the
`50 operation of the communicating parties at different stages of
`the communication.
`One such collection of communication rules is, in a
`known manner, a protocol, i.e. a practice whereby devices
`communicate with each other. For data transmission par(cid:173)
`ticularly in wireless communication networks, a wireless
`application protocol (WAP) has been developed, and this
`will be used as an example in the following description. In
`a known manner, one version of the WAP application
`protocol is described e.g. in the publication WAP Architec-
`60 ture Draft Version 0.9 (1997-09) published in the Internet
`network, describing e.g. the architecture of the WAP appli(cid:173)
`cation protocol. By means of the WAP application protocol,
`it is possible to define a series of protocols at different levels,
`whereby it is possible to develop new services and devices
`for present and future wireless communication networks,
`e.g. mobile communication networks based on a digital
`cellular network. The WAP application protocol has been
`
`35
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1103-0009
`
`

`

`US 6,661,784 Bl
`
`3
`already developed e.g. for the short messaging service
`(SMS), unstructured supplementary service data (USSD),
`circuit switched data (CSD) and global packet radio system
`(GPRS) services of the GSM network.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`It is an aim of the present invention to achieve a system
`that, by means of a local area network, makes connections
`to data processors, such as servers, clients of the servers, or
`them both, possible for conducting data transmission. The
`purpose of the invention is particularly to define a system for
`communication between a WAP server and a WAP client
`complying with the WAP application protocol in the area of
`a piconet utilising IR or SPRF services and utilising this
`piconet. The method of the invention is characterised in
`what will be presented in the preamble of the appended
`claim 1. The communication device of the invention is
`characterised in what will be presented in the preamble of
`the appended claim 10.
`The application layer of the architecture of the above(cid:173)
`mentioned WAP application protocol applies a defined wire(cid:173)
`less application environment (WAE) architecture. The dif(cid:173)
`ferent WAE applications of communication devices follow
`closely the protocol used in the Internet World Wide Web
`(WWW), where different applications and information is
`presented by means of standardised presentation formats
`which are browsed e.g. by means of known WWW brows(cid:173)
`ers. Thus, the servers and information in the WWW network
`are named according to a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
`address complying with the Internet standard and indepen(cid:173)
`dent of the location, and the information presentation format
`is one that is supported by the browser used, for example
`Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) or JavaScript.
`It is an advantage of the method according to the inven(cid:173)
`tion to make it possible for the clients and servers of the local
`area network, the clients and servers of another local area
`network, and particularly the clients and servers temporarily
`within the area of the local area network to communicate and
`to use different services. This results from the elimination of
`drawbacks caused by differences in the addresses and
`addressing used in different communication networks. For
`example, the addressing of different nodes in a piconet
`differs from the addressing of nodes applying the WAP
`application protocol, whereby it is necessary to map the
`address used by the WAP application protocol to the corre(cid:173)
`sponding address used by the piconet or to a temporary
`address created by the piconet.
`By means of said mapping, a correspondence is estab(cid:173)
`lished between e.g. so-called logical addresses, such as URL
`addresses, used by WAP applications, and physical
`addresses of the network, i.e. network addresses, used by the
`piconet. The network address is typically a nonstandardised
`network-specific numerical code which is reserved for a
`device by the server for creating the network and which is
`only useful in the area of said network. A logical address
`indicates in this context also the address of clients, i.e.
`communication devices, which is typically independent of
`the location and by means of which the communication
`device can be identified even in several different communi(cid:173)
`cation networks, in which the communication device is
`arranged to be operable. It should also be noticed that clients
`as well as services can be independent of the physical
`communication device, whereby the logical address can
`only be used to indicate e.g. a service, irrespective of the
`communication device where it is located. The communi(cid:173)
`cation network must thus take care of the addressing also for
`finding the correct device.
`
`5
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`4
`The invention gives significant advantages to both local
`area networks of prior art, based on short distance data
`transmission, and mobile communication networks based on
`a cellular network. For example, by using piconets applying
`the method, it is possible to create entirely novel local area
`network systems and local area network services which may
`include local access points e.g. to airport servers for inquir(cid:173)
`ing flight schedules, retrieving airport services by means of
`pull-type data transmission, and information delivery by
`10 means of push-type data transmission to the communication
`devices of clients of the server in the area of the piconet.
`Other possibilities include information delivery to the
`communication devices of clients by broadcast-type data
`transmission, remote control of PC systems in a piconet, and
`15 local connection points to gateway servers, whereby the
`connections e.g. to the Internet network and retrieving
`information from the Internet network is possible. Further,
`one could mention a guiding system based on the location of
`the client in the piconet, whereby the client is guided from
`20 one piconet to another. This is based on the small size of the
`coverage area of the piconet, whereby the location of the
`client placed in it is known relatively well.
`The piconets described above are more suitable than a
`mobile communication network, such as the GSM network,
`to be used particularly for utilising the precise location of the
`client e.g. in connection with guiding systems or when the
`network operator offers services dependent on the location
`of the client. Piconets can be used also when it is desired that
`the client is not charged for data transmission for using
`services of the communication network as is usually the case
`in mobile communication networks. In case of circuit(cid:173)
`switched data transmission, the open connection complying
`with the WAP application protocol usually prevents other
`communication by the communication device, such as ordi-
`nary audio calls, which can be avoided by using piconets.
`According to an advantageous embodiment of the method
`of the invention, WAP servers and gateway WAP servers can
`announce their existence to WAP clients, such as wireless
`mark-up language (WML) browsers, which are transferred
`to the area of the piconet where also the WAP server or
`gateway WAP server is placed. Furthermore, the WAP
`servers can detect when a WAP client has moved into the
`area of the piconet, whereby push-type data transmission
`can be started by the WAP server.
`According to another advantageous embodiment of the
`method of the invention, WAP clients can detect different
`WAP servers in the piconet into whose area the WAP client
`has moved. Thus, WAP clients operating in also other
`50 communication networks, such as a mobile communication
`network, can select the piconet as the communication net(cid:173)
`work to be used and select e.g. the IR or LPRF data
`transmission mode. Thus, the communication devices of
`WAP clients can alternatively use the piconet for data
`55 transmission.
`The method of the invention gives also the advantage of
`reduced data transmission costs, if the use of services in the
`piconet is free or the use of services has a very inexpensive
`charge. Furthermore, the power consumption of the com-
`60 munication devices can be lower in the piconet, because the
`piconet is typically a communication network with a small
`transmission output power and consequently a short range.
`A further advantage of the method of the invention is that
`when any of the operations of a device can be remote-
`65 controlled, the remote control unit used can be the WAP
`client comprising means for connection to the piconet. Thus,
`the remote controlled device comprises means for connect-
`
`40
`
`45
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1103-0010
`
`

`

`US 6,661,784 Bl
`
`5
`ing to the piconet and, further, this device is used as a WAP
`server in the piconet to make the remote control possible.
`In the following, the present invention will be described
`in more detail with reference to the appended drawings, in
`which
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 shows a local area network system applying the
`method of the invention, in a reduced schematic diagram,
`FIG. 2a shows an advantageous embodiment of the hard(cid:173)
`ware applying the method of the invention, in a block chart,
`FIG. 2b shows a peripheral device applying the method of
`the invention, in a reduced block chart,
`FIG. 3a shows data transmission between two communi(cid:173)
`cation devices applying the method of the invention, by
`means of a reduced layer model and a block chart,
`FIG. 3b shows the operation of the transport protocol of
`a communication device applying the method of the
`invention, in a reduced layer model and a block chart, and
`FIG. 4 shows the operation of communication devices
`applying the method of the invention and a local area
`network, by means of a reduced chart on a peripheral device
`complying with an advantageous embodiment, and
`FIG. 5 shows the operation of a communication device
`applying the method of the invention, in a reduced manner
`by means of a layer model and a block chart.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
`PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
`
`FIG. 1 shows a local area network system in a reduced
`chart. The system comprises a communication device, i.e. a
`server device 1, such as a mobile station 1, which may
`comprise for example means 2 for setting up a data trans(cid:173)
`mission connection to a mobile communication network 3
`and means 4 for setting up a local area network 5 between
`the server device 1 and peripheral devices. The server device
`1 used can also be a gateway server 401 as shown in FIG.
`4, whereby a data transmission connection can be set up via
`this server device 1 e.g. by means of a cable connection to
`the Internet network 402. Further, it is obvious that the
`server device 1, which comprises the means 4 for setting up
`the local area network 5, can be a different device than the
`gateway server device 401, which is in that case used as a 45
`peripheral device in the local area network 5. The server
`device 1 can be used in the local area network 5, e.g. in the
`piconet mentioned earlier, without a connection outside the
`local area network, whereby it can offer e.g. information
`services to the other peripheral devices. Moreover, a periph- 50
`eral device can also be the above-mentioned mobile station,
`such as a communication device 403 shown in FIG. 4,
`comprising means 2 for setting up a data transmission
`connection to the mobile communication network 3. Further,
`it is obvious that the peripheral device used can be a mobile 55
`station which does not operate outside the local area network
`5, e.g. in the mobile communication network 3.
`Peripheral devices in the system of FIG. 1 include a
`printer 6, a telecopier 7, a CD ROM reading device 8, a mass
`memory 9, an auxiliary keyboard 10, an auxiliary display 60
`device 11, and a wireless audio user interface 12 provided
`e.g. with a microphone and an ear piece to be used for
`example during a call instead of the microphone la and ear
`piece 1b of the mobile station 1 shown in FIG. 2a. As
`examples, FIG. 1 shows still some other peripheral devices: 65
`a video camera 13, a personal computer 14 (Desktop PC)
`and a portable computer 15 (Laptop PC). In the appended
`
`6
`FIG. 1, the printer 6 and telecopier 7 are shown as one
`device, but they can also be separate devices. It is obvious
`that the method of the invention is not limited solely to the
`communication network created by the local area network
`5 system presented above, but the invention can be applied
`also in smaller systems which do not comprise all the
`peripheral devices 6-15 shown in the system ofFIG.1 or in
`systems which comprise, for example as shown in FIG. 4,
`only a server 300b or 400 used as the server 1 and several
`10 separate mobile stations 300a, 400 and 403.
`Further, with reference to FIG. 1, the mobile station 1,
`such as a mobile phone, comprises also the means 2 shown
`in FIG. 2a for setting up a data transmission connection with
`the mobile communication network 3, means for reading the
`15 data on the SIM card of the mobile station and for storing
`data on the SIM card, a control unit (CU) comprising
`advantageously a micro controller unit (MCU) and a control
`logic circuit, such as an application specific integrated
`circuit (ASIC). Moreover, the control unit is also equipped
`20 with a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) and a
`random access memory (RAM). The operation of the mobile
`station is prior art known as such to a man skilled in the art,
`wherein its further description will not be necessary in this
`context.
`25 With reference to FIG. 2a, the means 2 of the server
`device 1 for setting up a data transmission connection with
`the mobile communication network 3, i.e. a long-distance
`link module, comprises i.e. in accordance with the GSM
`mobile communication system known as such, a radio
`30 transmitter 2a, a radio receiver 2b, a local oscillator 2c, a
`modulator, a demodulator, and an antenna circuit 2f.
`Nevertheless, the invention is not limited solely to the GSM
`mobile communication system, but the invention can be
`applied also in other mobile communication systems. The
`35 means 4 of the server device 4 for setting up the local area
`network 5, i.e. the short-distance link module, comprises e.g.
`a transmitter 4a and a receiver 4b, such as a radio
`transceiver, a local oscillator 4c, a modulator, a demodulator,
`and an antenna circuit 4f. In the server device 1 shown in
`4° FIG. 2a, the controller of the short-distance link module of
`the server device and the controller of the server device are
`shown as one CTRL control block 4d, but in practical
`applications they can also be separate.
`When the server device 1 is a mobile station, the CTRL
`control block 4d comprises the above-mentioned control
`unit CU for controlling the mobile station. The mobile
`station 1 operating only in the local area network system 5
`can be totally without the means 2 for setting up a data
`transmission connection with the mobile communication
`network 3.
`The changes required by the method of the invention in
`the communication device 1 can be advantageously imple(cid:173)
`mented by changes made in the above-mentioned CTRL
`block, for example by changes made in its control program.
`With reference to FIG. 2b, the peripheral devices 6-15
`that can be coupled to the local area network are equipped
`with a corresponding short-distance module 16, by means of
`which the peripheral device 6-15 can communicate with the
`local area network 15, advantageously the server device 1.
`The short-distance link module 16 of the peripheral device
`comprises at least a transmitter 16a and a receiver 16b. The
`short-distance link module 16 comprises further a local
`oscillator 16c, a modulator, a demodulator, an antenna
`circuit 16/, and a CTRL control block 16d. An advantageous
`alternative implementation for the local area network 5 is a
`short range radio network (SDRF, LPRF), whereby no visual
`
`Verizon Wireless
`Exhibit 1103-0011
`
`

`

`US 6,661,784 Bl
`
`25
`
`7
`contact or optically reflective contact is required between the
`server device 1 and the peripheral devices 6-15. Thus, the
`different peripheral devices 6-15 and the server device 1 can
`be even in different rooms, on condition that the distance
`between the server device 1 and the peripheral device 6-15
`is within the operating radius of the local area network 5, i.e.
`the cell. On the basis of the description above, it is also
`obvious that the peripheral device used can only be a
`wireless communication device operating in said local area
`network 5.
`In the following description, the WAP application proto(cid:173)
`col described earlier is used as an example of data trans(cid:173)
`mission protocols to illustrate the method according to the
`invention described here. The WAP clients and WAP servers
`mentioned in the following description refer advantageously
`to clients and servers of the communication network apply(cid:173)
`ing the WAP application protocol. Naturally, it is obvious
`that the invention can be applied within the scope of the
`claims also in connection with another application protocol,
`whereby the WAP indication mention in this description is
`used to refer to the use of this application protocol.
`With reference to FIG. 4a, the protocol stack of the layer
`model of an advantageous WAP compatible system (WAP
`protocol stack) contains the following layers, listed from the
`top layer downwards:
`a wireless application layer, i.e. WAP application layer
`301a and 301b, comprising at least a wireless mark-up
`language browser (WML browser) and a WMLS
`interpreter, as well as telephony value-added services
`(TeleVAS services) and possibly other services,
`a wireless session protocol (WSP) 302a and 302b,
`a WTLS layer 304a and 304b, and
`a wireless transport protocol layer (WTP), i.e. WTP
`transport protocol 303a and 303b.
`With the layer model, reference is made advantageously
`to the ISO/OSI layer model for describing different func(cid:173)
`tions. The upper layers of the WAP architecture (wireless
`application layer, WSP layer, WTLS layer) are independent
`of the communication network used, but the WTP layer 303a 40
`and 303b must be applied on the basis of the particular
`requirements of the communication method used at the time,
`e.g. the GSM network or the LPRF or IR network. In the
`WAP application layer 301a and 301b, the architecture of the
`wireless application environment (WAE) is applied, where 45
`the different communication network services are based on
`the use of the wireless transport protocol (WTP) and the
`wireless session protocol (WSP), which also creates the
`general framework for the development of wireless devices,
`such as mobile phones and PDA devices. Moreover, it 50
`should be noticed that the WAP architecture is very flexible,
`and layers can be replaced by other ones. Changes are
`necessary for example when the application layer uses
`another presentation format, such as HTML or JavaScript.
`WAE applications follow closely the protocol applied in 55
`the Internet World Wide Web network, where applications,
`services and information are given in standardised presen(cid:173)
`tation formats which are browsed e.g. by means of known
`WWW browsers. Thus, the servers and information of the
`WWW network are provided with a uniform resource loca- 60
`tor (URL) address complying with the Internet standard and
`irrespective of location, and the information presentation
`format is one supported by the browser, e.g. Hyper Text
`Markup Language (HTML) or JavaScript. For browsers to
`be able to communicate with servers of the communication 65
`network,