throbber
EMF-us" J
`
`a!
`
`SMSIr EMS and MMS
`
`mobile messaging
`technolpgies
`and SETVICES
`
`Gwenaéi Le Budic
`
`1
`
`AT&T - Exhibit 1017
`
`

`

`MOBILE MESSAGING
`TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES
`SMS, EMS and MMS
`
`Second Edition
`
`Gwenae¨l Le Bodic
`Vodafone
`
`2
`
`

`

`3
`
`

`

`MOBILE MESSAGING
`MOBILE MESSAGING
`TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES
`TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES
`
`4
`
`

`

`5
`
`

`

`MOBILE MESSAGING
`TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES
`SMS, EMS and MMS
`
`Second Edition
`
`Gwenae¨l Le Bodic
`Vodafone
`
`6
`
`

`

`Copyright # 2005
`
`John Wiley & Sons Ltd,
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`
`7
`
`

`

`Be liberal in what you accept, and conservative in what you send
`
`Jonathan B. Postel
`RFC-1122 (originates in RFC-760)
`
`8
`
`

`

`9
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
`
`About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii
`
`Typographic Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
`
`1 Basic Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`1
`
`1.1
`1.2
`1.3
`
`1.4
`
`1.5
`
`1
`Generations of Mobile Communications Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`2
`Telecommunications Context: Standardization and Regulation . . . . . . . . . .
`3
`Global System for Mobile Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`3
`1.3.1
`Cellular Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`4
`1.3.2
`GSM Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`4
`1.3.3
`Mobile Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`6
`1.3.4
`Base Transceiver Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`7
`1.3.5
`Base Station Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`7
`1.3.6
`Mobile Switching Center and Visitor Location Register . . . . . . . .
`7
`1.3.7
`Home Location Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`7
`General Packet Radio Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`9
`1.4.1
`GPRS Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`9
`1.4.2
`Serving GPRS Support Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`9
`1.4.3
`Gateway GPRS Support Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`9
`Universal Mobile Telecommunications System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`1.5.1
`3G Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
`1.5.2
`First Phase UMTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
`1.5.3
`First Phase UMTS Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
`1.5.4
`User Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
`1.5.5
`UTRA Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
`1.5.6
`First Phase UMTS Core Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
`1.5.7
`Second Phase UMTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
`1.6 Wireless Application Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
`1.6.1
`Introduction to WAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
`1.6.2
`WAP Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
`1.6.3
`Push Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
`1.6.4
`User Agent Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
`1.6.5
`WAP 1.x Legacy Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
`1.6.6
`WAP HTTP Proxy with Wireless Profiled TCP and HTTP. . . . . . . 24
`1.6.7
`HTTP with Direct Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
`
`10
`
`

`

`viii
`
`Contents
`
`1.6.8
`1.6.9
`
`WTP Segmentation and Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
`OMA Digital Rights Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
`
`2
`
`Standardization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
`
`2.4
`2.5
`
`2.1 Messaging Roadmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
`2.2 MMS Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
`2.3
`Third Generation Partnership Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
`2.3.1
`GPP Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
`2.3.2
`3GPP Specifications: Release, Phase, and Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
`2.3.3
`3GPP Specifications: Numbering Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
`Third Generation Partnership Project 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
`GSM Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
`2.5.1
`Working Groups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
`2.5.2
`Regional Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
`Internet Engineering Task Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
`2.6.1
`IETF Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
`2.6.2
`Internet Standard Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
`2.7 World Wide Web Consortium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
`2.8 WAP Forum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
`2.9
`Open Mobile Alliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
`2.9.1
`OMA Organization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
`2.9.2
`OMA Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
`2.9.3
`Available Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
`2.10 Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
`
`2.6
`
`3
`
`Short Message Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
`
`3.1
`3.2
`
`3.3
`
`3.4
`
`3.5
`3.6
`
`Service Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
`SMS Use Cases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
`3.2.1
`Consumer Applications Based on SMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
`3.2.2
`Corporate Applications Based on SMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
`3.2.3
`Operator Applications Based on SMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
`3.2.4
`Value Chain of SMS-Based Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
`Architecture for GSM Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
`3.3.1
`Short Message Entity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
`3.3.2
`Service Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
`3.3.3
`Email Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
`SMS Basic Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
`3.4.1
`Message Submission and Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
`3.4.2
`Status Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
`3.4.3
`Reply Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
`3.4.4
`Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
`3.4.5
`Validity Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
`Technical Specification Synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
`Protocol Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
`3.6.1
`SMS Interworking Between Mobile Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
`
`11
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`ix
`
`3.7
`
`3.6.2
`3.6.3
`
`Message Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
`SME-SMSC Transactions: Submit, Deliver, Report,
`and Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
`Structure of a Message Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
`3.7.1
`Transport Protocol Data Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
`3.7.2
`Message Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
`3.7.3
`Text Coding Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
`3.7.4
`Text Compression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
`3.7.5
`Message Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
`3.7.6
`Coding Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
`3.7.7
`Protocol Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
`Settings and Message Storage in the SIM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
`3.8
`3.9 Message Submission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
`3.9.1
`TPDU Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
`3.9.2
`TPDU Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
`3.9.3
`Rejection of Duplicates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
`3.9.4
`Validity Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
`3.9.5
`Absolute Time Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
`3.9.6
`Destination Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
`3.9.7
`SME Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
`3.10 Message Submission Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
`3.10.1
`Positive Submission Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
`3.10.2
`Negative Submission Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
`3.10.3
`Parameter Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
`3.10.4
`Service Center Time Stamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
`3.11 Message Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
`3.11.1
`TPDU Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
`3.11.2
`TPDU Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
`3.11.3
`Status Report Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
`3.11.4
`Service Center Time Stamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
`3.12 Message Delivery Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
`3.12.1
`Positive Delivery Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
`3.12.2
`Negative Delivery Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
`3.13 Status Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
`3.13.1
`TPDU Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
`3.13.2
`TPDU Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
`3.13.3
`Discharge Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
`3.14 Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
`3.14.1
`TPDU Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
`3.14.2
`TPDU Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
`3.15 User Data Header and User Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
`3.15.1
`Information Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
`3.15.2
`Concatenation of Message Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
`3.15.3
`Special SMS Message Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
`3.15.4
`Application Port Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
`3.15.5
`Service Center Control Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
`
`12
`
`

`

`x
`
`Contents
`
`User-Data-Header Source Indicator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
`3.15.6
`(U)SIM Toolkit Security Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
`3.15.7
`3.15.8 Wireless Control Message Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
`3.15.9
`Alternate Reply Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
`3.15.10 Enhanced Voice Mail Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
`3.16 Network Functions for Message Delivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
`3.17 SMSC Access Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
`3.17.1
`SMPP from SMS Forum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
`3.17.2
`SMS Open Interface Specification from Sema Group . . . . . . . . . 115
`3.17.3 MMAP and SMAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
`3.18 SIM Application Toolkit
`. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
`3.18.1
`Proactive SIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
`3.18.2
`SIM Data Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
`3.18.3
`SIM Interactions: Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
`3.19 SMS and AT Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
`3.19.1
`AT Commands in Text Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
`3.19.2
`AT Command Usage: Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
`3.20 SMS and Email Interworking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
`3.20.1
`Text-Based Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
`3.20.2
`Information Element-Based Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
`Index of TPDU parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
`3.21
`3.22 Pros and Cons of SMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
`3.23 Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
`
`4 Enhanced Messaging Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
`
`4.1
`
`4.2
`4.3
`
`4.4
`
`Service Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
`4.1.1
`Basic EMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
`4.1.2
`Extended EMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
`EMS Compatibility with SMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
`Basic EMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
`4.3.1
`Formatted Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
`4.3.2
`Pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
`4.3.3
`Sounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
`4.3.4
`Animations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
`4.3.5
`User Prompt Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
`4.3.6
`Independent Object Distribution Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
`Extended EMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
`4.4.1
`Extended Object Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
`4.4.2
`Extended Object Reuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
`4.4.3
`Compression of Extended Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
`4.4.4
`Extended Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
`4.4.5
`Predefined Sounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
`4.4.6
`iMelody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
`4.4.7
`Black-and-White Bitmap Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
`4.4.8
`Grayscale Bitmap Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
`
`13
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`xi
`
`Color Bitmap Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
`4.4.9
`Predefined Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
`4.4.10
`Black-and-White Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
`4.4.11
`Grayscale Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
`4.4.12
`Color Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
`4.4.13
`vCard Data Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
`4.4.14
`vCalendar Data Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
`4.4.15
`4.4.16 MIDI Melody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
`4.4.17
`Vector Graphics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
`4.4.18
`Color for Text Formatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
`4.4.19
`Hyperlink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
`4.4.20
`Exchange of Capability Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
`4.4.21
`Guidelines for the Creation of Extended Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
`Pros and Cons of EMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
`Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
`
`4.5
`4.6
`
`5 Multimedia Messaging Service: Service and Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
`
`5.4
`5.5
`5.6
`
`5.1 MMS Success Enablers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
`5.2
`Commercial Availability of MMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
`5.3 MMS Compared with Other Messaging Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
`5.3.1
`SMS and EMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
`5.3.2
`Electronic Mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
`5.3.3
`J-Phone’s Sha-mail and NTT Docomo’s i-shot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
`5.3.4
`RIM’s Blackberry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
`Value Proposition of MMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
`Billing Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
`Usage Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
`5.6.1
`Person-to-Person Messaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
`5.6.2
`Content-to-Person Messaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
`5.6.3
`Legacy Support and Interworking Between MMS Environments . 217
`5.6.4
`Further Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
`Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
`5.7.1
`MMS Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
`5.7.2
`MMS Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
`5.7.3
`MMS Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
`5.7.4
`Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
`Standardization Roadmap for MMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
`5.8
`5.9 WAP Realizations of MMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
`5.10 Service Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
`5.11 Message Sending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
`5.12 Message Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
`5.12.1
`Immediate Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
`5.12.2
`Deferred Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
`5.12.3
`Retrieval when Roaming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
`5.12.4
`Automatic Rejection of Unsolicited or Anonymous Messages . . . 232
`
`5.7
`
`14
`
`

`

`xii
`
`Contents
`
`5.13 Message Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
`5.13.1
`Delivery Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
`5.13.2
`Read Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
`5.14 Message Forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
`5.15 Reply Charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
`5.16 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
`5.17 Settings of MMS-Capable Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
`5.17.1
`Connectivity Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
`5.17.2
`User Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
`5.17.3
`Storing and Provisioning MMS Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
`5.18 Storage of MMS Settings and Notifications in the (U)SIM . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
`5.19 Multimedia Message Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
`5.20 Value-Added Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
`5.21 Content Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
`5.22
`Streaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
`5.22.1
`Example of MMS Architecture for the Support of Streaming . . . . 244
`5.22.2
`Streaming Protocols: RTP and RTSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
`5.23 Charging and Billing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
`5.24 Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
`5.25 Multimedia Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
`5.26 Multipart Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
`5.26.1 Message Envelope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
`5.26.2
`Encapsulation of Media Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
`5.27 Message Content Domains and Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
`5.27.1 Message Content Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
`5.27.2 Message Content Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
`5.27.3 MMS Client Functional Conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
`5.27.4
`Creation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
`5.28 Media Types, Formats, and Codecs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
`5.28.1
`Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
`5.28.2
`Bitmap and Still Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
`5.28.3
`Vector Graphics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
`5.28.4
`Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
`5.28.5
`Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
`5.28.6
`Personal Information Manager Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
`5.29 Scene Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
`5.29.1
`Introduction to SMIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
`5.29.2
`Organization of SMIL 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
`5.29.3
`Spatial Description with SMIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
`5.29.4
`Temporal Description with SMIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
`5.29.5
`SMIL Basic Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
`5.29.6 MMS SMIL and the OMA Conformance Document . . . . . . . . . . 272
`5.29.7
`SMIL Namespace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
`5.29.8
`Linking the Scene Description with Body Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
`5.29.9
`Naming Body Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
`5.29.10 Support of Video Streaming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
`5.29.11 Support of Color with SMIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
`
`15
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`xiii
`
`5.29.12 3GPP SMIL Profile or PSS SMIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
`5.29.13 XHTML as an Alternative to SMIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
`5.30 Example of a Multimedia Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
`5.31 DRM Protection of Media Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
`5.31.1
`Forward-Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
`5.31.2
`Combined Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
`5.31.3
`Separate Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
`5.32 Postcard Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
`5.33 Message Size Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
`5.34 Commercial Solutions and Developer Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
`5.35 The Future of MMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
`5.36 Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
`
`6 Multimedia Messaging Service, Transactions Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
`
`6.1
`
`Introduction to the MMS Transaction Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
`6.1.1
`Person-to-Person Scenarios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
`6.1.2
`Content-to-Person Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
`6.1.3
`How to Read the PDU Description Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
`6.2 MM1 Interface, MMS Client–MMSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
`6.2.1
`Message Submission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
`6.2.2
`Message Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
`6.2.3
`Message Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
`6.2.4
`Delivery Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
`6.2.5
`Read Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
`6.2.6
`Message Forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
`6.2.7
`Storing and Updating a Message in the MMBox . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
`6.2.8
`Viewing Information from the MMBox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
`6.2.9
`Uploading a Message to the MMBox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
`6.2.10
`Deleting a Message from the MMBox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
`6.2.11
`Parameter Description and Binary Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
`6.3 MM2 Interface, Internal MMSC Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
`6.4 MM3 Interface, MMSC–External Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
`6.5 MM4 Interface, MMSC–MMSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
`6.5.1
`Introduction to SMTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
`6.5.2
`Routing Forward a Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
`6.5.3
`Routing Forward a Delivery Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
`6.5.4
`Routing Forward a Read Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
`6.5.5
`Example for Message Transfer with SMTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
`6.6 MM5 Interface, MMSC–HLR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
`6.7 MM6 Interface, MMSC–User Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
`6.8 MM7 Interface, MMSC–VAS Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
`6.8.1
`Introduction to SOAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
`6.8.2
`Message Submission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
`6.8.3
`Message Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
`6.8.4
`Message Cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
`6.8.5
`Message Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
`
`16
`
`

`

`xiv
`
`Contents
`
`Delivery Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
`6.8.6
`Read Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
`6.8.7
`Generic Error Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
`6.8.8
`6.9 MM8 Interface, MMSC–Post-Processing Billing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
`6.10 MM9 Interface, MMSC–Online Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
`6.11 MM10 Interface, MMSC–Messaging Service Control Function . . . . . . . . 378
`6.12 STI and MMS Transcoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
`6.12.1 Mi

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